Multi-type battery charging and scheduling joint optimization method in new energy vehicle battery replacement battery management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-type battery charging and dispatching joint optimization method in a new energy vehicle battery replacement battery management system. An innovative dispatching strategy is designed for solving the problems that an existing battery dispatching system does not distinguish battery types and is insufficient in capacity adaptability. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) according to the types and electric quantity states of the batteries, dividing the batteries into four types, namely, non-electric pure-electric batteries, non-electric mixed-electric batteries, electric pure-electric batteries and electric mixed-electric batteries, and obtaining a distance matrix between each station and a transport truck and a scheduling demand of each station; (2) classifying scenes based on the four types of batteries, and calculating the maximum detachable number of each type of batteries at each station according to the scheduling requirement of each station and the capacity limitation of a transport truck and the station; and (3) setting a priority sequence of operation of the four types of batteries, and determining a next operation node accessed by the transportation truck according to the maximum loading and unloading quantity and the transportation distance of each type of batteries at the station, so as to generate a scheduling route of the truck. The method can effectively alleviate the problem of unbalanced supply and demand of the charged battery of the battery swap station, thereby improving the resource utilization efficiency of the station charging cabinet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This paper focuses on the field of new energy vehicle operation and management, and proposes a collaborative optimization method that integrates multi-type battery charging and scheduling for battery charging and scheduling. Background Art

[0002] Due to the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the number of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles in the market has also increased. Among them, battery swap stations are the key to the infrastructure of this market, and their function is to meet the battery swap needs of different types of vehicles. However, the existing battery swap management system for new energy vehicles fails to fully consider the battery swap needs of different types of batteries, and there is an irrational resource allocation problem when the capacity of battery swap stations is limited. These problems lead to many challenges for battery swap stations in actual operation, including (1) the excess of dead batteries is difficult to fully charge, the supply of live batteries is not timely, and user needs are difficult to meet. (2) The scheduling of battery swap stations is not timely, the battery resources are not fully utilized, and the supply and demand imbalance of live batteries is aggravated. Based on this, in order to effectively alleviate the supply and demand imbalance of live batteries at battery swap stations and improve the resource utilization efficiency of charging cabinets at battery swap stations, efforts should be made to achieve the charging of dead batteries and the scheduling of live batteries between different battery swap stations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve the problems of failure to differentiate between battery types and insufficient capacity adaptability. It proposes a method for joint optimization of charging and scheduling of multiple types of batteries in a battery swap management system for new energy vehicles. The method specifically includes the following technical solutions:

[0004] (1) Batteries are classified into four categories according to type and state of charge: pure electric battery without charge, hybrid battery without charge, pure electric battery with charge, and hybrid battery with charge. The distance matrix between each station and the transport truck and the scheduling requirements of each station are obtained.

[0005] (2) Classify the scenarios based on four types of batteries and calculate the maximum number of batteries of each type that can be loaded and unloaded at each site based on the scheduling requirements of each site and the capacity limitations of the transport trucks and sites;

[0006] (3) Set the priority order of the four types of battery operations, determine the next operation node to be visited by the transport truck based on the maximum number of batteries of each type that can be loaded and unloaded at the site and the transportation distance, and thus generate the truck's scheduling route.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific steps in step (1) are as follows:

[0008] The nodes involved in the battery replacement management system for new energy vehicles include the site set S = {S1, S2, S3, ...., S m} and depot B, which can provide both charged batteries and uncharged batteries to achieve a balanced dispatch system. It is known that the travel distance matrix between each station is TD, and the dispatch demand of the station for charged pure electric batteries is P i ={P1, P2, P3, ...., P m}, the site's dispatch demand for hybrid batteries is H i ={H1, H2, H3, ...., H m}, the site's dispatch demand for unpowered pure electric batteries is B i ={B1, B2, B3, ...., B m}, the site's dispatch demand for hybrid batteries without electricity is N i ={N1,N2,N3,....,N m}.

[0009] For any P i ∈P,P i >0 indicates the supply point of pure electric battery. i <0 represents the demand point of pure electric battery; for any H i ∈H,H i >0 indicates the supply point of the hybrid battery. i <0 represents the demand point of the hybrid battery; for any B i ∈B,B i >0 indicates the supply point of pure electric battery with or without electricity, B i <0 represents the demand point of pure electric battery without electricity; for any N i ∈N,N i >0 indicates the supply point of hybrid battery with or without electricity, N i <0 represents the demand point of hybrid battery without electricity.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific steps in step (2) are as follows:

[0011] First, set the parameters of each variable. The transport truck capacity is C, the station capacity is Q, and the number of pure electric batteries loaded in the transport truck is T. P , the number of charged hybrid batteries loaded in the transport truck is T H , the number of uncharged pure electric batteries loaded in the transport truck is T B , the number of dry hybrid batteries loaded in the transport truck is T N The number of pure electric batteries in the station is S P The number of hybrid batteries in the site is S H , the number of unpowered pure electric batteries in the station is S B, the number of hybrid batteries without electricity in the site is S N .

[0012] Since there are four types of batteries, there are 16 types of sites, so we will classify these 16 situations into categories as follows:

[0013] (1) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N}, the maximum number of electric hybrid batteries, non-electric pure electric batteries and non-electric hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{H i +B i +N i , CT H -T B -T N +min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N}}.

[0014] (2) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS B -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N The maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T P ,-P i , QS B -S N}+min{T H, -H i , QS B -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N}}}.

[0015] (3) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS N}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS N}-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -B i , QS N}+min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}+min{T N , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS N}-min{T P , -Pi , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}}}.

[0016] (4) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , Q}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}}-min{T P , -P i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}}}.

[0017] (5) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery supply point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T H , -H i , QS P -S B -S N}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, non-electric pure electric batteries and non-electric hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{P i +B i +N i , CT P -T B -T N +min{T P , -H i , QS P -S B -S N}}.

[0018] (6) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS P -S N -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N}}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N}+min{T H , -H i , QS P -S N -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N}}}.

[0019] (7) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS P}-min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -B i , QS P}+min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P}}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS P}-min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P}}}}.

[0020] (8) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery supply point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H -S N}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, hybrid batteries and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at a station is min{P i +H i +N i , CT P -T H -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H -S N}}.

[0021] (9) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H}, the maximum number of uncharged hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS P -S H -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H The maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H}+min{T N , -N i , QS P -S H -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H}}}.

[0022] (10) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B -SP}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, hybrid electric batteries and hybrid electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{H i +B i +P i , CT H -T B -T P +min{T N , -P i , QS H -S B -S P}}.

[0023] (11) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries with electricity, hybrid batteries with electricity, pure electric batteries without electricity, and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at the site is min{P i +B i +N i , CT P -T B -T N +min{T P , -H i , QS P -S B -S N}}.

[0024] (12) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS H -S N}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries with electricity and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS H -S N}+min{T P , -P i , QS H -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N}}}.

[0025] (13) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS B -S H The maximum number of hybrid batteries and pure electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B}+min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS B -S H}}}.

[0026] (14) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS P -SB -min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B}}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries and non-pure electric batteries that a station can carry is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B}+min{T H , -H i , QS P -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B}}}.

[0027] (15) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity - a hybrid battery supply point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS H}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS H -min{T B , -B i , QS H}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS H}-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded from the station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -Bi , QS H}+min{T N , -N i , QS H -min{T B , -B i , QS H}}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS H}-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N}}}}.

[0028] (16) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS B}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T N , -N i , QS B}-min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T N , -N i , QS B}+min{TP , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B}}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T N , -N i , QS B}-min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B}}}}.

[0029] Furthermore, the specific steps in step (3) are as follows:

[0030] Because transport trucks and stations have capacity constraints, capacity may fall short of demand during dispatch. Therefore, the four battery types are prioritized in the following order: uncharged pure electric batteries > uncharged hybrid batteries > charged pure electric batteries > charged hybrid batteries. For example, if station i is simultaneously a charged pure electric battery supply point, a charged hybrid battery demand point, an uncharged pure electric battery supply point, and a uncharged hybrid battery demand point, the order in which batteries are unloaded from transport trucks to the station should be uncharged hybrid batteries first, followed by charged hybrid batteries. The order in which batteries are loaded from stations to transport trucks should be uncharged pure electric batteries first, followed by charged pure electric batteries.

[0031] The formula for visiting the next operation node in the transport truck's travel route is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, m, n, k, and l are the scheduling operation weights of the four types of batteries.

[0034] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] The present invention manages by battery classification, which is different from the traditional system and distinguishes battery types, solving the problem of supply and demand imbalance, improving the service efficiency of the battery swap station and the adaptability and flexibility of the entire battery swap system.

[0036] The present invention improves the scheduling strategy to achieve joint optimization of charging of dead batteries and scheduling of charged batteries, which can not only improve the resource utilization efficiency of charging cabinets in battery swap stations, but also improve the overall operational efficiency of battery swap stations.

[0037] The present invention simplifies the scheduling logic to make the operation simple and convenient, thereby improving the user experience and reducing the operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is an implementation example of the present invention: a flow chart of a joint optimization method for charging and scheduling multiple types of batteries in a battery management system for new energy vehicles;

[0039] Figure 2 The operation diagram of the site is a pure electric battery demand point with electricity - a hybrid battery supply point with electricity - a pure electric battery supply point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity;

[0040] Figure 3 The operation diagram of the site is: pure electric battery demand point with electricity - hybrid battery demand point with electricity - pure electric battery supply point without electricity - hybrid battery supply point without electricity;

[0041] Figure 4 The operation diagram of the site with electric pure electric battery demand point - electric hybrid battery demand point - no electric pure electric battery demand point - no electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0042] Figure 5 The operation diagram of the site with electric pure battery demand point - electric hybrid battery demand point - no electric pure battery demand point - no electric hybrid battery demand point;

[0043] Figure 6 The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery demand point - the non-electric pure electric battery supply point - the non-electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0044] Figure 7 The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery demand point - the non-electric pure electric battery demand point - the non-electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0045] Figure 8 The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery demand point - the non-electric pure electric battery demand point - the non-electric hybrid battery demand point;

[0046] Figure 9 The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery supply point - the non-electric pure electric battery demand point - the non-electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0047] Figure 10 The operation diagram of the site is: pure electric battery supply point with electricity - hybrid battery supply point with electricity - pure electric battery demand point without electricity - hybrid battery demand point without electricity;

[0048] Figure 11The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery supply point - the non-electric pure electric battery supply point - the non-electric hybrid battery demand point;

[0049] Figure 12 The operation diagram of the site with electric pure electric battery supply point - electric hybrid battery supply point - non-electric pure electric battery supply point - non-electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0050] Figure 13 The operation diagram of the site with electric pure electric battery demand point - electric hybrid battery supply point - no electric pure electric battery demand point - no electric hybrid battery supply point;

[0051] Figure 14 The operation diagram of the site is: pure electric battery demand point with electricity - hybrid battery supply point with electricity - pure electric battery supply point without electricity - hybrid battery demand point without electricity;

[0052] Figure 15 The operation diagram of the site is the electric pure battery supply point - the electric hybrid battery demand point - the non-electric pure electric battery supply point - the non-electric hybrid battery demand point;

[0053] Figure 16 The operation diagram of the site with electric pure battery demand point - electric hybrid battery supply point - no electric pure battery demand point - no electric hybrid battery demand point;

[0054] Figure 17 This is an operation diagram of the site with electric pure electric battery demand point - electric hybrid battery demand point - no electric pure electric battery supply point - no electric hybrid battery demand point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] This invention addresses the management of multiple battery types involved in battery replacement for new energy vehicles and proposes a comprehensive charging and scheduling optimization solution. To implement this invention, replaced batteries are first classified according to the vehicle's differentiated power requirements, laying the foundation for efficient charging and redistribution scheduling. Furthermore, the system considers both the charging of partially charged batteries and the allocation of fully charged batteries, thereby improving energy efficiency and the speed of battery replacement services.

[0056] In order to allow those skilled in the art to more intuitively understand the innovative goals, specific technical paths and expected advantages of the present invention, the following is a detailed analysis of the key link configuration and its implementation method in conjunction with the drawings in this specification. It should be pointed out that the implementation cases provided in the specification are limited to illustrative examples of part of the content of the present invention. Other variations based on this technical idea that can be completed without creative work are also included in the scope of protection of this patent.

[0057] 1. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0058] Obtain the dispatching requirements and distance matrix of pure electric batteries without electricity, pure electric batteries with electricity, hybrid batteries without electricity, and hybrid batteries with electricity.

[0059] The distance information table between each service point and the parking lot in the multi-type battery charging and scheduling joint optimization system in the new energy vehicle battery replacement management system is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Note: The unit in the table is km.

[0062] The dispatch requirements for uncharged pure electric batteries, charged pure electric batteries, uncharged hybrid batteries, and charged hybrid batteries at each operation service point are as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Note: + indicates that the site is a supply point, - indicates that the site is a demand point.

[0065] 2. Build an equivalent dispatch system integrating four battery types

[0066] Based on the analysis of the dispatching requirements of uncharged pure electric batteries, charged pure electric batteries, uncharged hybrid batteries, and charged hybrid batteries at each operating service point, the equivalent dispatching requirements of these four types of batteries can be obtained as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Note: + indicates supply point, - indicates demand point.

[0069] 3. Classify nodes based on supply and demand

[0070] According to the different scheduling requirements of different operating nodes, the operating nodes in the multi-type battery charging and joint scheduling system can be divided into the following four categories:

[0071]

[0072] Note: For node classification, the site type represented by (a) is pure electric battery demand point without electricity - pure electric battery supply point with electricity - hybrid battery supply point without electricity - hybrid battery demand point with electricity, (b) is pure electric battery supply point without electricity - pure electric battery demand point with electricity - hybrid battery supply point without electricity - hybrid battery supply point with electricity, (c) is pure electric battery supply point without electricity - pure electric battery demand point with electricity - hybrid battery supply point without electricity - hybrid battery demand point with electricity, (d) is pure electric battery demand point without electricity - pure electric battery supply point with electricity - hybrid battery demand point without electricity - hybrid battery supply point with electricity.

[0073] 4. Evaluate the maximum loading and unloading capacity of each accessible node for four types of batteries (pure electric without battery, pure electric with battery, hybrid electric without battery, and hybrid electric with battery), plan the next target node of the truck route, and determine the battery scheduling order of each node based on the priority rules.

[0074] Assume that the transport truck has a capacity of 6 batteries, the station has a capacity of 5 batteries, and the operation weights of the four types of batteries are all 1. When the transport truck just sets off, it is empty. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0075] first:

[0076] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0077]

[0078] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 0). The transport truck has 0 pure electric batteries and 0 hybrid batteries. The nodes that can be accessed later are nodes 1, 2, and 3. The following table shows the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0079] According to the formula:

[0080]

[0081] This paper assumes that the dispatch weights of the four types of batteries are m=n=k=l=1, and the formula can determine that the next node visited by the transport truck is 3.

[0082] The current operation on node 3 is to load 2 pure electric batteries and 2 hybrid batteries, as shown in the following table.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Second time:

[0086] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0087]

[0088] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 3). The transport truck is equipped with 0 uncharged pure electric batteries, 2 charged pure electric batteries, 0 uncharged hybrid batteries, and 2 charged hybrid batteries. The subsequent access nodes are nodes 0, 1, and 2. The following table shows the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0089] According to the formula, the next node visited by the transport truck is 2.

[0090] The operation on node 2 is as follows: first load 1 pure electric battery without electricity and 1 hybrid battery without electricity, and then unload 1 pure electric battery with electricity and 2 hybrid batteries with electricity.

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Third time:

[0094] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0095]

[0096] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 2). The transport truck is equipped with one uncharged pure electric battery, one charged pure electric battery, one uncharged hybrid battery, and zero charged hybrid batteries. The subsequent accessible nodes are nodes 0, 1, and 3. The following table shows the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0097] According to the formula, the next node visited by the transport truck is determined to be 0.

[0098] For node 0, first remove 1 pure electric battery without power, and then load 2 pure electric batteries with power and 1 hybrid battery without power.

[0099]

[0100] Fourth time:

[0101] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0102]

[0103] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 0). The transport truck is equipped with 0 uncharged pure electric batteries, 3 charged pure electric batteries, 2 uncharged hybrid batteries, and 0 charged hybrid batteries. The subsequent access nodes are nodes 1, 2, and 3. The following table shows the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0104] According to the formula, the next node visited by the transport truck is determined to be 3.

[0105] For node 3, the two empty hybrid batteries should be removed.

[0106]

[0107] Fifth time:

[0108] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 3). The transport truck has 0 uncharged pure electric batteries, 3 charged pure electric batteries, 0 uncharged hybrid batteries, and 0 charged hybrid batteries. The available subsequent access nodes are nodes 0 and 1. The following table lists the limits on the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0112] According to the formula, the next node visited by the transport truck is determined to be 1.

[0113] For node 1, first load 2 pure electric batteries without electricity, then unload 3 pure electric batteries with electricity, and finally load 1 hybrid battery without electricity and 1 hybrid battery with electricity.

[0114]

[0115] Sixth time:

[0116] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 1). The transport truck is equipped with two uncharged pure electric batteries, zero charged pure electric batteries, one uncharged hybrid battery, and one charged hybrid battery. Optional subsequent access nodes are nodes 0 and 3. The following table shows the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0120] According to the formula, the next node visited by the transport truck is 3.

[0121] For node 3, two empty pure electric batteries and one empty hybrid battery are unloaded.

[0122]

[0123] Seventh time:

[0124] The equivalent dispatching demands of four types of batteries, namely, pure electric without electricity, pure electric with electricity, hybrid without electricity, and hybrid with electricity, are calculated as follows:

[0125]

[0126] The current transport vehicle is located at the depot (node 3). The transport truck has 0 uncharged pure electric batteries, 0 charged pure electric batteries, 0 uncharged hybrid batteries, and 1 charged hybrid battery. The next node to be accessed is node 0. The following table shows the limits on the number of batteries in different states that can be loaded and unloaded at each accessible operation node.

[0127]

[0128] In summary, the data collection results of the intelligent scheduling method integrating multi-type battery classification and dynamic priority are as follows:

[0129]

Claims

1. A joint optimization method for charging and scheduling of multiple types of batteries in a battery management system for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Batteries are classified into four categories according to type and state of charge: pure electric battery without charge, hybrid battery without charge, pure electric battery with charge, and hybrid battery with charge. The distance matrix between each station and the transport truck and the scheduling requirements of each station are obtained. (2) Classify the scenarios based on four types of batteries and calculate the maximum number of batteries of each type that can be loaded and unloaded at each site based on the scheduling requirements of each site and the capacity limitations of the transport trucks and sites; (3) Set the priority order of the four types of battery operations, determine the next operation node to be visited by the transport truck based on the maximum number of batteries of each type that can be loaded and unloaded at the site and the transportation distance, and thus generate the truck's scheduling route.

2. The method for joint optimization of multi-type battery charging and scheduling in a battery management system for a new energy vehicle battery replacement according to claim 1 is characterized in that step (1) specifically includes the following contents: The nodes involved in the battery replacement management system for new energy vehicles include the site set S = {S1, S2, S3, ...., S m } and depot B, which can provide both charged batteries and uncharged batteries to achieve a balanced dispatch system. It is known that the travel distance matrix between each station is TD, and the dispatch demand of the station for charged pure electric batteries is P i ={P1, P2, P3, ...., P m }, the site's dispatch demand for hybrid batteries is H i ={H1, H2, H3, ..., H m }, the site's dispatch demand for unpowered pure electric batteries is B i ={B1, B2, B 3， ...., B m }, the site's dispatch demand for hybrid batteries without electricity is N i ={N1, N2, N3, ...., N m }. For any P i ∈P,P i >0 indicates the supply point of pure electric battery. i <0 represents the demand point of pure electric battery; for any H i ∈H,H i >0 indicates the supply point of the hybrid battery. i <0 represents the demand point of the hybrid battery; for any B i ∈B,B i >0 indicates the supply point of pure electric battery with or without electricity, B i <0 represents the demand point of pure electric battery without electricity; for any N i ∈N,N i >0 indicates the supply point of hybrid battery with or without electricity, N i <0 represents the demand point of hybrid battery without electricity.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation method for the number of batteries of each type that can be loaded and unloaded in step (2) is: First, set the parameters of each variable. The transport truck capacity is C, the station capacity is Q, and the number of pure electric batteries loaded in the transport truck is T. P , the number of charged hybrid batteries loaded in the transport truck is T H , the number of uncharged pure electric batteries loaded in the transport truck is T B , the number of dry hybrid batteries loaded in the transport truck is T N The number of pure electric batteries in the station is S P The number of hybrid batteries in the station is S H , the number of unpowered pure electric batteries in the station is S B , the number of hybrid batteries without electricity in the site is S N . Since there are four types of batteries, there are 16 types of sites, so we will classify these 16 situations into categories as follows: (1) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N }, the maximum number of electric hybrid batteries, non-electric pure electric batteries and non-electric hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{H i +B i +N i , CT H -T B -T N +min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N }}. (2) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -S N }, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS B -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N The maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N }+min{T H , -H i , QS B -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N }}}. (3) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS N }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS N }-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -B i , QS N }+min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS N }-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}}}. (4) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , Q}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N ,-Ni,Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}}-min{T P , -P i , Q-min{T B , -B i ,Q}-min{T N , -N i , Q-min{T B , -B i , Q}}}}. (5) When the station f is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery supply point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T H , -H i , QS P -S B -S N }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, non-electric pure electric batteries and non-electric hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{P i +B i +N i , CT P -T B -T N +min{T P , -H i , QS P -S B -S N }}. (6) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery demand point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N }, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS P -S N -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N }}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N }+min{T H , -H i , QS P -S N -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S N }}}. (7) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P }}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS P }-min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P }}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -B i , QS P }+min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P }}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS P }-min{T N , -N i , QS P -min{T B , -B i , QS P }}}}. (8) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity - a hybrid battery supply point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H -S N }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, hybrid batteries and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at a station is min{P i +H i +N i , CT P -T H -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H -S N }}. (9) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H }, the maximum number of uncharged hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS P -S H -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H The maximum number of pure electric batteries and hybrid electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H }+min{T N , -N i , QS P -S H -min{T B , -B i , QS P -S H }}}. (10) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B -S P }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries, hybrid electric batteries and hybrid electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{H i +B i +P i , CT H -T B -T P +min{T N , -P i , QS H -S B -S P }}. (11) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries with electricity, hybrid batteries with electricity, pure electric batteries without electricity, and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at the site is min{P i +B i +N i , CT P -T B -T N +min{T P , -H i , QS P -S B -S N }}. (12) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery demand point without electricity, and a hybrid battery supply point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS H -S N }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N }}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries with electricity and hybrid batteries without electricity that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T B , -B i , QS H -S N }+min{T P , -P i , QS H -S N -min{T P , -P i , QS B -S N }}}. (13) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery supply point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS B -S H The maximum number of hybrid batteries and pure electric batteries that can be loaded at a station is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T N , -N i , QS H -S B }+min{T P , -P i , QS H -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS B -S H }}}. (14) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery supply point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B }, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QS P -S B -min{TN ， -N i , QS P -S B }}, the maximum number of pure electric batteries and non-pure electric batteries that a station can carry is min{B i +N i , CT B -T N +min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B }+min{T H , -H i , QS P -S B -min{T N , -N i , QS P -S B }}}. (15) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity - a hybrid battery supply point with electricity - a pure electric battery demand point without electricity - a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of pure electric batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T B , -B i , QS H }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T N , -N i , QS H -min{T B , -B i , QS H }}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS H }-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that can be loaded from the station is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T B , -B i , QS H }+min{T N , -N i , QS H -min{T B , -B i , QS H }}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T B , -B i , QS H }-min{T P , -P i , QS N -min{T B , -B i , QS N }}}}. (16) When site i is simultaneously a pure electric battery demand point with electricity, a hybrid battery demand point with electricity, a pure electric battery supply point without electricity, and a hybrid battery demand point without electricity, the maximum number of hybrid batteries without electricity that can be unloaded by the transport truck is min{T N , -N i , QS B }, the maximum number of pure electric batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B }}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a transport truck can unload is min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T N , -N i , QS B }-min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B }}}, the maximum number of hybrid batteries that a station can carry is min{N i , CT p -T H -T B +min{T N , -N i , QS B }+min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B }}+min{T H , -H i , QN i -min{T N , -N i , QS B }-min{T P , -P i , QS B -min{T N , -N i , QS B }}}}.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step (3) specifically includes the following contents: Since transport trucks and stations have capacity limitations, the capacity may be less than the scheduling demand during the scheduling process, so the four types of batteries are prioritized in the following order: pure electric battery without electricity > hybrid battery without electricity > pure electric battery with electricity > hybrid battery with electricity. For example, if site i is simultaneously a supply point for pure electric batteries with power, a demand point for hybrid batteries with power, a supply point for pure electric batteries without power, and a demand point for hybrid batteries without power, the order in which batteries are unloaded from transport trucks to the site should be first for hybrid batteries without power, then for hybrid batteries with power. The order in which batteries are loaded from the site to the transport truck should be first for pure electric batteries without power, then for pure electric batteries with power. The formula for visiting the next operation node in the transport truck's travel route is as follows: in, Where m, n, k, and l are the scheduling operation weights of the four types of batteries.

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