Micro-power-consumption energy acquisition circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-power-consumption energy collection, in particular to a micro-power-consumption energy collection circuit integrating the functions of micro-power-consumption energy collection and storage, micro-power-consumption output control and output voltage stabilization control. According to the circuit, high-precision and low-power-consumption energy collection and control elements are adopted, and it is ensured that high energy collection efficiency can still be obtained in the extremely-low-power-consumption operation state. Meanwhile, all the units work cooperatively, and concentrated collection and effective utilization of micro-power energy are achieved. The circuit can be widely applied to various internet-of-things terminal devices and the like, can be matched with a low-power photovoltaic panel, a piezoelectric power generation piece, a small-size wind driven generator, temperature difference power generation equipment, a nuclear battery and the like to collect weak energy, can intermittently and centrally release voltage-stabilized high power, and can provide powerful technical support for internet-of-things application scenes.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to the field of micro-power energy harvesting technology, specifically a micro-power energy harvesting circuit that integrates micro-power energy harvesting and storage, micro-power output control, and output voltage regulation control. This circuit can be widely used in various IoT terminal devices, such as those used with low-power photovoltaic panels, piezoelectric generators, small wind turbines, thermoelectric generators, and nuclear batteries, to harvest weak energy and intermittently release high-power energy through centralized voltage regulation, providing powerful technical support for IoT applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the present invention Summary of the Invention

[0003] This micro-power energy harvesting circuit consists of an input unit, an energy storage device, a control unit, and an output unit. The input unit stores the input energy harvesting voltage in the energy storage device; the control unit turns the output unit on and off according to a set threshold; and the output unit outputs the energy stored in the energy storage device at a stabilized voltage.

[0004] Function: This circuit integrates energy collection, energy storage, energy output control, and energy voltage regulation output. It can collect and store weak electric energy with an input current higher than 4uA into the energy storage device BT, and then output high current voltage regulation.

[0005] Innovation: The use of high-precision, low-power energy harvesting and control components ensures high energy harvesting efficiency even in extremely low-power operation. Furthermore, the coordinated operation of various units enables the centralized collection and efficient utilization of micro-power energy.

[0006] The working principle of this micro-power energy harvesting circuit is as follows: the input unit collects the input trace electrical energy and stores it in the energy storage device, and the control unit controls the output unit to concentrate the stored energy into high-power regulated output according to the preset threshold.

[0007] This micro-power energy harvesting circuit has the following beneficial effects: Low-power operation: By adopting low-power components, microcontrollers and modules, and optimizing power management strategies, the overall power consumption of the circuit is greatly reduced, and the overall energy collection and utilization efficiency is improved.

[0008] Dual voltage control: Able to simultaneously monitor the high and low voltage points of the energy storage device to achieve optimal discharge voltage range control.

[0009] Multiple input methods: This circuit can be adapted to collect energy from various energy sources such as low-power photovoltaic panels, piezoelectric generators, small-volume wind turbines, thermoelectric power generation equipment, nuclear batteries, etc., and has a wide range of application scenarios.

[0010] In summary, this micro-power energy harvesting circuit has significant technical advantages and practical value, and can provide a strong energy supply guarantee for various IoT devices.

Claims

1. A micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit, characterized in that: Circuit include: (1) Input unit: The input energy between VIN and GND is rectified by D1, and then input into the energy storage device BT for storage after voltage limiting by U1; (2) Energy storage device: BT is a rechargeable battery or a large-capacity capacitor or a farad capacitor, and the maximum output voltage of U1 is lower than the maximum withstand voltage of BT; (3) Control unit: The voltage control comparator with U2 as the core controls the Q1 output to turn on when the BT voltage rises to the set threshold, and turns off when the BT voltage is lower than the set threshold; (4) Output unit: U3 and peripheral components form a DCDC automatic buck-boost circuit, which adjusts the output voltage through SW and achieves a regulated output from VOUT. The maximum output current can reach thousands of times or more of the input current.

2. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: D1 is an input diode, which can not only rectify the AC power input by VIN into DC power for use in the subsequent stage, but also prevent the input from being reversed.

3. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: U1 uses a low voltage dropout micro-power LDO chip, and the static power consumption is less than 1uA.

4. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: U2 uses a micro-power voltage comparator chip with a static operating current of less than 3uA.

5. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-controlled comparator, centered around U2, monitors and controls dual voltage ranges for discharge start and cutoff. When the BT's positive voltage rises to the threshold set by VFTH, the LBO pin outputs a high level, turning on Q1's source and drain, allowing the output unit to draw energy from the BT and begin outputting. Once output is enabled, when the BT's positive voltage drops to the threshold set by VRTH, the LBO pin outputs a low level, turning off Q1's source and drain, de-energizing the output unit and halting output. Q1's periodic intermittent operation converts the weak energy input from VIN into a high-power output at VOUT, enabling it to drive loads thousands of times greater than the input power.

6. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: LED_ON is the shorting solder point for the indicator LED. When shorted, the LED illuminates when the output is on. Disconnecting LED_ON disables the LED indicator, minimizing energy consumption. When LED_ON is disconnected, the total static power consumption of the entire input unit and control unit is less than 4uA.

7. The micro-power consumption energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit as a whole realizes the function of collecting and storing weak current energy with input current higher than 4uA into the energy storage device BT, and centralizing the large current and voltage stabilization output.

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