Downlink transmission method of Internet of Things equipment and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a downlink transmission method of Internet of Things equipment and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of Internet of Things. The method comprises the following steps: inserting a cyclic prefix (CP) in front of each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the R2D link transmission of the Internet of Things equipment; wherein the R2D link is used for transmitting any one of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCH) information, a preamble synchronization signal, a postamble synchronization signal, an intermediate synchronization signal, a reference signal, broadcast information or paging information. According to the invention, a CP insertion scheme with the influence on the transmission performance as small as possible can be provided, and the downlink transmission performance of the Internet of Things equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, and in particular to a downlink transmission method for an Internet of Things device and related devices. Background Art

[0002] 3GPP has proposed the concept of Ambient IoT. Ambient IoT devices can modulate and transmit their own waveforms without batteries, harvesting energy from the environment or radio frequency signals. Due to the expectation that these products will be low-cost, low-power, and low-complexity, these IoT terminals lack high-quality crystal oscillators, resulting in poor sampling and timing capabilities. Furthermore, downlink transmission requires reusing existing NR system configurations, so the downlink transmission format should be aligned with the NR air interface as closely as possible.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a downlink transmission method and related equipment for an Internet of Things device, which at least to a certain extent overcomes the technical problem in the related art that inserting a cyclic prefix in downlink transmission of an Internet of Things device affects performance.

[0005] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by practice of the present disclosure.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a downlink transmission method for an IoT device is provided, comprising: inserting a cyclic prefix (CP) before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in an R2D link transmission of the IoT device; wherein the R2D link is used to transmit any one of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, a preamble synchronization signal, a postamble synchronization signal, an intermediate synchronization signal, a reference signal, broadcast information, or paging information.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method further includes: obtaining the length or content of the CP in any one of the following ways: pre-definition, pre-configuration, high-layer indication, and physical layer indication.

[0008] In some embodiments, the scheme of inserting a CP before each OFDM symbol includes any one of the following:

[0009] ② The CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same;

[0010] ② The length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different;

[0011] ③ The lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are the same, and the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are different.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same, the CP length of each OFDM symbol is 256*X*k*2^-u; where X is a positive integer, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier interval.

[0013] In some embodiments, the value of X is any one of 2, 4, 7, 12, 16, 22, 32, and 52.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are the same and the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are different, the scheme for inserting the CP includes any one of the following:

[0015] ① In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length of every 7*2^u OFDM symbols is the same, and the CP lengths of other OFDM symbols are the same;

[0016] ② In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 147*k*2^-u, and 148k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0017] ③ In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, and 147k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0018] ④ In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 146*k*2^-u and 148*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0019] Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different, the scheme for inserting the CP includes any one of the following:

[0021] ① In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 143*k*2^-u, 144*k*2^-u, 145k*2^-u, 146k*2^-u, 147*2^-u, 148*k*2^-u, and 151*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048k*2^-u;

[0022] ② In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 140k*2^-u, 142*k*2^-u, 144k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 148*2^-u, 150*k*2^-u and 154*k*2^-u, and the total CP length is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0023] Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0024] In some embodiments, the CP insertion scheme further includes any one of the following:

[0025] ① No CP insertion;

[0026] ② Part of the CP is inserted, while the other part is not, and the length of the CP-inserted parts is the same;

[0027] ③ CP is inserted in part and not in part, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are different.

[0028] In some embodiments, when CP insertion is not performed, the scheme for inserting CP includes any one of the following:

[0029] ① In R2D link transmission, there are 15*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0030] ② In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and no operation is performed on the position where the CP was originally inserted.

[0031] ③ In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in the time slot of each 1ms or downlink transmission link of each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and the position of the original CP insertion is not retained.

[0032] In some embodiments, when the position of the original inserted CP is not retained, it includes any one of the following:

[0033] ① The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is consistent with the NR system, but the time slot duration of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 14 / 15ms;

[0034] ② The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is expanded to 15 / 14 of the NR system, but the time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 1ms.

[0035] In some embodiments, when a portion is inserted with a CP and a portion is not inserted with a CP, and the lengths of the portions where the CP is inserted are the same, the scheme for inserting the CP includes any one of the following:

[0036] Insert only one CP. The length of the CP is (u+1)*2048*2^-u. It starts at any position among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 13th*2^u. The content of the CP is any of the following:

[0037] ①The content of the 13th*(u+1) and 13th*(u+1)+1 OFDM symbols;

[0038] ②The content of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols; ③

[0039] ③The content of the first and second OFDM symbols after the CP position;

[0040] ④ Insert (u+1) CPs, with a CP length of 2048*2^-u, located at any two positions among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 14th*2^u. The CP content includes any one of the following:

[0041] ⑤The content of the 13th*(u+1) and 13th*(u+1)+1 OFDM symbols;

[0042] ⑥The content of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols;

[0043] ⑦ The content of the first CP is the content of the first OFDM symbol after the CP position, and the content of the second CP is the content of the second OFDM symbol after the CP position.

[0044] In some embodiments, the CP insertion scheme also includes any one of the following: ① repeating part or all of the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol to the front of the OFDM symbol as the CP; ② repeating part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol to the back of the OFDM symbol as the CP of the next OFDM symbol; ③ the first OOK modulation waveform in each OFDM symbol is the same as part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform.

[0045] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting CP also includes: ① When inserting CP, ignoring the rising edge or falling edge inside the CP, and uniformly inserting the CP as all high levels or all low levels; ② When inserting CP, selecting the OOK modulated waveform content that does not generate a rising edge or a falling edge before or after the target CP position as the CP insertion; wherein, the target CP is the content of the last part of the OOK modulated waveform on the OFDM symbol, which is the same as the CP insertion mechanism of NR.

[0046] In some embodiments, the rising edge or falling edge inside the CP is ignored, and the CP is uniformly inserted as all high levels or all low levels, and also includes one of the following schemes: ① The OOK modulation waveform before the first rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the first edge is a rising edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the first edge is a falling edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; ② The OOK modulation waveform after the last rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the last edge is a rising edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the last edge is a falling edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP.

[0047] In some embodiments, the CP insertion scheme also includes any one of the following: ① The generated CP waveform is the same as the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol; ② The generated CP waveform is different from the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol.

[0048] In some embodiments, the IoT device is an ambient IoT device.

[0049] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a downlink transmission device for an IoT device is provided, comprising: a cyclic prefix insertion module, configured to insert a cyclic prefix (CP) before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in an R2D link transmission of the IoT device; wherein the R2D link is configured to transmit any one of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, a preamble synchronization signal, a postamble synchronization signal, an intermediate synchronization signal, a reference signal, broadcast information, or paging information.

[0050] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute any one of the above-mentioned downlink transmission methods of the Internet of Things device by executing the executable instructions.

[0051] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0052] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including: a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements any one of the above-mentioned downlink transmission methods for an IoT device.

[0053] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a downlink transmission method and related devices for IoT devices. In the R2D link transmission of the IoT device, a cyclic prefix (CP) is inserted before each OFDM symbol. The R2D link is used to transmit any of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, preamble synchronization signal, postamble synchronization signal, midamble synchronization signal, reference signal, broadcast information, or paging information.

[0054] Through the embodiments of the present disclosure, a CP insertion solution can be provided that has the smallest possible impact on transmission performance, thereby improving the performance of downlink transmission of IoT devices.

[0055] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an Internet of Things system architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0058] Figure 2 A flow chart of a downlink transmission method for an Internet of Things device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0059] Figure 3 A flow chart of a downlink transmission method for an IoT device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0060] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0061] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0062] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0063] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0064] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0065] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another CP insertion solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0066] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a CP generation solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0067] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a CP generation solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0068] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of another CP generation solution in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0069] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a downlink transmission device of an Internet of Things device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0070] Figure 14 A structural block diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0072] In addition, the accompanying drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. Identical reference numerals in the figures denote identical or similar parts, and thus repetitive descriptions thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities that do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0073] For ease of understanding, before introducing the embodiments of the present disclosure, several terms involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure are first explained as follows:

[0074] Ambient IoT: Ambient IoT (also known as the Environmental Internet of Things) does not rely on batteries, but obtains energy from the environment or radio frequency signals to perform its own waveform modulation and transmission.

[0075] Preamble: A preamble signal (also called a preamble synchronization code) is used to obtain the synchronization position in asynchronous transmission and is generally located at the head of the transmitted signal.

[0076] Device: In the embodiments of this disclosure, it refers to an IoT device terminal.

[0077] R2D: reader to device link, representing the downlink transmission from the network side to the device.

[0078] PRDCH: A transmission channel on the R2D link used to transmit downlink information.

[0079] PRDCCH: A transmission channel on the R2D link used to transmit R2D information, including L1 layer control information or higher layer control information.

[0080] CP: Cyclic Prefix, used to add to the head of the OFDM symbol to reduce inter-symbol interference.

[0081] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0082] NR (New Radio) systems (also known as 5G systems) add CPs during transmission to reduce inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath. Therefore, this feature may also need to be incorporated into downlink transmissions for A-IoT, including the length of the CPs, the rules for adding them, and the method for indicating them. In NR systems, the CP length is predefined and divided into standard and extended lengths. Due to its robust synchronization mechanism, the receiving UE can count the number of CPs and remove them accordingly, thus minimizing the impact of added CPs on reception performance. However, in A-IoT systems, synchronization is not robust, and counting CPs to remove them can easily introduce errors. Furthermore, IoT devices struggle to distinguish between long and short CPs. Therefore, either counting CPs but modifying their lengths to minimize the gaps between them, or not adding CPs, or the device can count rising or falling edges for reception. In these cases, as long as the introduction of CPs does not generate additional rising or falling edges, preventing CP removal, or as long as the rising or falling edges caused by CPs can be easily identified and removed, the introduction of CPs will not impact performance. In order to identify a CP design mechanism that has the smallest possible impact on performance, this paper

[0083] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram showing an Internet of Things system architecture to which the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied. Figure 1 As shown, the IoT system architecture includes: at least one IoT device 10 and an IoT base station 20 (base station or reader / writer).

[0084] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, data transmission from the IoT device 10 to the IoT base station 20 is referred to as uplink transmission, and data transmission from the IoT base station 20 to the IoT device 10 is referred to as downlink transmission.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will know that Figure 1 The number of IoT devices 10 and IoT base stations 20 in the figure is merely illustrative, and any number of IoT devices 10 and IoT base stations 20 may be provided according to actual needs. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0086] Under the above system architecture, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a downlink transmission method for an IoT device, which can be executed by any electronic device with computing and processing capabilities.

[0087] In some embodiments, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed by the terminal device of the above-mentioned system architecture; in other embodiments, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed by the server in the above-mentioned system architecture; in other embodiments, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented by the terminal device and the server in the above-mentioned system architecture through interaction.

[0088] Figure 2 A flow chart of a downlink transmission method of an IoT device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0089] S202, in the R2D link transmission of the IoT device, a cyclic prefix (CP) is inserted before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol; wherein the R2D link is used to transmit any of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, preamble synchronization signal, postamble synchronization signal, midamble synchronization signal, reference signal, broadcast information, or paging information.

[0090] In the disclosed embodiments, IoT devices may be, but are not limited to, ambient IoT devices. An R2D link refers to a downlink communication link between a base station (or reader) and a terminal device in an IoT environment, used to transmit data and control information from the base station to the device. In an ambient IoT scenario, an R2D link enables inter-device communication by harvesting energy from the environment without batteries.

[0091] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also include the following steps:

[0092] S200 , obtaining the length or content of the CP by any of the following methods: pre-definition, pre-configuration, high-layer indication, and physical layer indication.

[0093] It should be noted that the content of the CP obtained in the above S200 may be but is not limited to a CP insertion scheme (or CP insertion rule).

[0094] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting a CP before each OFDM symbol includes any one of the following: ① the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same; ② the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different; ③ the length of the CP inserted before some OFDM symbols is the same and the length of the CP inserted before some OFDM symbols is different.

[0095] In some embodiments, when the CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same, the CP length of each OFDM symbol is 256*X*k*2^-u; where X is a positive integer, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; and u is the parameter set (numerologies) of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0096] In one embodiment, the value of X can be any one of [2, 4, 7, 12, 16, 22, 32, 52], and the value of X is preferably 2.

[0097] For example, when the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same, the CP insertion scheme may include but is not limited to any of the following:

[0098] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 512*k*2^-u;

[0099] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 1024*k*2^-u;

[0100] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 1792*k*2^-u;

[0101] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 3072*k*2^-u;

[0102] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 4096*k*2^-u;

[0103] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 5632*k*2^-u;

[0104] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 8192*k*2^-u;

[0105] The CP length of each OFDM symbol is 13312*k*2^-u.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are the same and the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are different, the scheme for inserting the CP includes any one of the following:

[0107] 1) In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length of every 7*2^u OFDM symbols is the same, and the CP lengths of other OFDM symbols are the same. Specific examples include but are not limited to the following:

[0108] ① The CP length of the lth OFDM symbol is 144k*2^-u+16k, and the CP length of the mth OFDM symbol is 144k*2^-u, where k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; u is the numerologies of the current subcarrier spacing, l is 0 or 7*2^u, and m is any positive integer not equal to l;

[0109] ② The CP length of the lth OFDM symbol is 145k*2^-u+9k, and the CP length of the mth OFDM symbol is 145k*2^-u, where k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; u is the numerologies of the current subcarrier spacing, l is 0 or 7*2^u, and m is any positive integer not equal to l;

[0110] ③ The CP length of the lth OFDM symbol is 146k*2^-u+2k, and the CP length of the mth OFDM symbol is 146k*2^-u, where k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; u is the numerologies of the current subcarrier spacing, l is 0 or 7*2^u, and m is any positive integer not equal to l;

[0111] ④ The CP length of the lth OFDM symbol is 143k*2^-u+23k, and the CP length of the mth OFDM symbol is 143k*2^-u, where k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; u is the numerologies of the current subcarrier spacing, l is 0 or 7*2^u, and m is any positive integer not equal to l;

[0112] ⑤ The CP length of the lth OFDM symbol is 142k*2^-u+29k, and the CP length of the mth OFDM symbol is 142k*2^-u, where k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, generally 64; u is the numerologies of the current subcarrier interval, l is 0 or 7*2^u, and m is any positive integer not equal to l.

[0113] 2) In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 147*k*2^-u, and 148k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u.

[0114] In some embodiments, the combinations of CP lengths may include but are not limited to the following: 145*k*2^-u, 145*k*2^-u,…, 145*k*2^-u (a total of 6*2^u), 146k*2^-u (a total of 2*2^u), 147k*2^-u (a total of 2*2^u), and 148k*2^-u (a total of 4*2^u).

[0115] 3) In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, and 147k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u.

[0116] In some embodiments, combinations of CP lengths may include but are not limited to the following: 145k*2^-u (a total of 2*2^u), 146k*2^-u,…, 146k*2^-u (a total of 6*2^u), 147k*2^-u (a total of 6*2^u).

[0117] 4) In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 146*k*2^-u and 148*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u.

[0118] In some embodiments, combinations of CP lengths may include but are not limited to the following: 146k*2^-u (a total of 12*2^u), 148k*2^-u (a total of 2*2^u).

[0119] In some embodiments, when the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different, the CP insertion scheme includes any one of the following:

[0120] ① In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 143*k*2^-u, 144*k*2^-u, 145k*2^-u, 146k*2^-u, 147*2^-u, 148*k*2^-u, and 151*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048k*2^-u;

[0121] ② In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 140k*2^-u, 142*k*2^-u, 144k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 148*2^-u, 150*k*2^-u and 154*k*2^-u, and the total CP length is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0122] Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0123] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting CP also includes any one of the following: ① No CP insertion; ② Partial CP insertion and partial CP non-insertion, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are the same; ③ Partial CP insertion and partial CP non-insertion, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are different.

[0124] In some embodiments, when CP insertion is not performed, the CP insertion scheme includes any one of the following: ① In R2D link transmission, there are 15*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u; ② In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and no operation is performed on the position where the CP was originally inserted; ③ In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and the position where the CP was originally inserted is not retained.

[0125] In some embodiments, when the original position of the CP insertion is not retained, it includes any one of the following: ① The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is consistent with the NR system, but the time slot duration of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 14 / 15ms; ② The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is expanded to 15 / 14 of the NR system, but the time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 1ms.

[0126] In some embodiments, when a portion is inserted with a CP and a portion is not inserted with a CP, and the lengths of the portions where the CP is inserted are the same, the scheme for inserting the CP includes any one of the following:

[0127] ① Insert only one CP, the length of which is (u+1)*2048*2^-u, starting at any position among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 13th*2^u, preferably starting at the 0th position. The content of the CP is any one of the following:

[0128] a) The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols;

[0129] b) the contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols;

[0130] c) the content of the first and second OFDM symbols after the CP position;

[0131] ② Insert (u+1) CPs, with a CP length of 2048*2^-u, located at any two positions among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 14th*2^u. The CP content includes any one of the following:

[0132] a) The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols;

[0133] b) the contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols;

[0134] c) The content of the first CP is the content of the first OFDM symbol after the CP position, and the content of the second CP is the content of the second OFDM symbol after the CP position.

[0135] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting CP further includes any one of the following:

[0136] ① When the content of the inserted CP is no longer in accordance with the traditional NR rules, part or all of the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol is repeated to the front of the OFDM symbol as the CP; wherein, if the first OOK modulation waveform in the first OFDM symbol after the CP is high, the CP is high; if the first OOK modulation waveform in the first OFDM symbol after the CP is low, the CP is low. ② When the content of the inserted CP is no longer in accordance with the traditional NR rules, part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol is repeated to the back of the OFDM symbol as the CP of the next OFDM symbol; wherein, if the last OOK modulation waveform in the OFDM symbol before the CP is high, the CP is high; if the last OOK modulation level in the OFDM symbol before the CP is low, the CP is low. ③ When the content of the inserted CP is no longer the rule of traditional NR, the first OOK modulation waveform in each OFDM symbol is required to be the same as part or all of the content of the last OOK modulation waveform; among them, if the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol is high, then the last OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol is high, and then the CP is also high; if the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol is low, then the last OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol is also low, and then the CP is also low.

[0137] In the disclosed embodiments, an OOK modulation waveform refers to an OOK chip generated in an OFDM-based OOK waveform in an R2D link. This can be a high level (ON waveform) or a low level (OFF waveform). In the disclosed embodiments, an OOK chip refers to an OOK waveform with a high or low level.

[0138] It should be noted that when inserting the CP, no transition edge can appear inside the CP, that is, no rising edge or falling edge can appear; if a rising edge or falling edge is expected to appear inside the generated CP, then the edge will be ignored when generating the CP, and it will be generated and inserted as all 'ON' or all 'OFF'; the generated 'ON' or OFF must be the same as the last chip of the previous OFDM symbol or the first chip of the next OFDM symbol; or, it must be different from both of the above; if a rising edge or falling edge is expected to appear inside the generated CP, then the content of the CP will be replaced, and the content of the OFDM symbol that does not generate a rising edge or falling edge before or after the CP repeated position will be selected and inserted as the content of the CP; the generated 'ON' or OFF must be the same as the last chip of the previous OFDM symbol or the first chip of the next OFDM symbol; or, it must be different from both of the above.

[0139] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting CP also includes: ① When inserting CP, ignoring the rising edge or falling edge inside the CP, and uniformly inserting the CP as all high levels or all low levels; ② When inserting CP, selecting the OOK modulated waveform content that does not generate a rising edge or a falling edge before or after the target CP position as the CP insertion; wherein the target CP is the content of the last part of the OOK modulated waveform on the OFDM symbol, which is the same as the CP insertion mechanism of NR.

[0140] It should be noted that the NR CP insertion mechanism means that the last part of an OFDM symbol is repeated in front of the OFDM symbol as the CP of the OFDM symbol.

[0141] In some embodiments, the rising edge or falling edge inside the CP is ignored, and the CP is uniformly inserted as all high levels or all low levels, and also includes one of the following schemes: ① The OOK modulation waveform before the first rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the first edge is a rising edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the first edge is a falling edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; ② The OOK modulation waveform after the last rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the last edge is a rising edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the last edge is a falling edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP.

[0142] In some embodiments, the scheme for inserting CP also includes any one of the following: ① The generated CP waveform is the same as the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol; ② The generated CP waveform is different from the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol.

[0143] As can be seen from the above, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can provide a CP insertion solution with the smallest possible impact on transmission performance, thereby improving the downlink transmission performance of the Internet of Things device.

[0144] Several specific examples are listed below to illustrate in detail the downlink transmission method of the IoT device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure:

[0145] Example 1: Add CP according to the original NR rules, but the points of CP may be modified.

[0146] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the number of CP points of the original NR will be reused in the OFDM system, using the number of points of the normal CP. Of course, the number of points of the normal CP can also be fine-tuned. For example, the length of the longer CP is 146k*2^-u+2k, and the length of the shorter CP is 146k*2^-u.

[0147] Example 2: CPs are added according to the original NR rule, and the CP lengths are modified to be the same for all packets.

[0148] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the number of CP points of the original NR will be reused in the OFDM system, using the number of points of the extended CP to ensure that the added CP length is the same. Of course, the number of points of the extended CP can also be fine-tuned. For example, the CP length can be set to 1024*k*2^-u instead of 512*k*2^-u.

[0149] Example 3: No CP is inserted, and the length of each position where no CP is inserted is the same. No CP is inserted in each part, and it is simply reserved separately.

[0150] like Figure 6 As shown, the number of CP points in the original NR is reused in the OFDM system, using the number of points in the extended CP. However, the CP is not inserted and is simply defaulted. The number of points in the extended CP can also be fine-tuned. For example, the CP length can be set to 1024*k*2^-u instead of 512*k*2^-u.

[0151] Example 4: No CP is inserted, and the length of each position without CP insertion is different. No CP is inserted in each part, and it is simply reserved separately.

[0152] like Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the number of CP points in the original NR will be reused in the OFDM system. The number of points in the normal CP is used, but the CP is not inserted and is directly defaulted. The number of points in the normal CP can also be fine-tuned. For example, the length of the longer CP is 146k*2^-u+2k, and the length of the shorter CP is 146k*2^-u.

[0153] Example 5: Not inserting a CP and not reserving the original location where the CP was inserted will affect the overall duration of a slot.

[0154] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the CP is not inserted and the original CP position is not retained. In this case, assuming that the sampling frequency of NR is not changed, the duration of one NR slot needs to be modified, and the duration of one NR slot will become 14 / 15ms.

[0155] Example 6: Not inserting a CP and not reserving the original location where the CP was inserted will affect the overall duration of a slot.

[0156] Still Figure 8 As shown, the CP is not inserted and the original CP position is not retained. In this case, assuming that the total duration of one slot is not changed, the NR sampling frequency needs to be modified, and the sampling frequency will become 15 / 14 of the original NR system sampling frequency.

[0157] Example 7: No CP is inserted, and the positions where the CP was originally inserted are merged, that is, now one slot has 15*2^u OFDM symbols.

[0158] Still Figure 8 As shown, the CP is not inserted, nor is the original CP position retained. However, since the total CP length is 2^u OFDM symbols, we remove the CP and retain the total CP length within the design of a single slot. Originally, a single slot had 14*2^u OFDM symbols, plus 2^u sampling points as CP, distributed before the 14*2^u OFDM symbols. Now that the CP is removed, a single slot is considered to have 15*2^u OFDM symbols.

[0159] Example 8: Only one CP is inserted, and the length is (u+1)*2048*2^-u, that is, a long CP is inserted.

[0160] like Figure 9As shown in the figure, only one CP is inserted. In order to minimize the number of CPs and make it easier to remove the CP, it is possible to consider adding an extra-long CP with a length of (u+1)*2048*2^-u to the header, and the rest of the part is a normal OFDM symbol.

[0161] Example 9: CP generation rule: The content of the CP should be the same as the first chip of the previous symbol or the last chip of the next symbol to avoid introducing additional rising or falling edges.

[0162] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the inserted CP may be the same as the last chip of the previous OFDM symbol or the first chip of the next OFDM symbol, so as to avoid the generation of additional rising edges and falling edges.

[0163] Example 10: CP generation rule: Continue the OFDM symbol generation rule of the NR system, but require that the first chip and the last chip of the OFDM symbol are the same.

[0164] like Figure 12 As shown, the inserted CP still uses the last part of the OFDM symbol, but in order to avoid the CP and the first chip of the OFDM symbol generating additional rising edges or falling edges, the first chip and the last chip of the OFDM symbol are required to be the same, that is, all are 'ON' chips or all are 'OFF' chips.

[0165] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a downlink transmission device for an IoT device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principles of the device embodiment are similar to those of the method embodiment described above, the implementation of the device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the method embodiment described above, and any repetitions will not be repeated.

[0166] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a downlink transmission device of an Internet of Things device in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 As shown, the apparatus includes: a cyclic prefix insertion module 131, configured to insert a cyclic prefix CP before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in an R2D link transmission of an IoT device; wherein the R2D link is configured to transmit any one of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, a preamble synchronization signal, a postamble synchronization signal, an intermediate synchronization signal, a reference signal, a broadcast information, or a paging information.

[0167] In some embodiments, the downlink transmission device of the Internet of Things device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also include: a CP information acquisition module 130, which is used to obtain the length or content of the CP through any of the following methods: pre-defined, pre-configured, high-layer indication, and physical layer indication.

[0168] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is also used to execute any one of the following schemes: ① The CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same; ② The CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is different; ③ The CP length inserted before some OFDM symbols is the same and the CP length inserted before some OFDM symbols is different.

[0169] In some embodiments, when the CP length inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same, the CP length of each OFDM symbol is 256*X*k*2^-u; where X is a positive integer, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier interval.

[0170] In some embodiments, when the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are the same and the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are different, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any one of the following schemes:

[0171] ① In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length of every 7*2^u OFDM symbols is the same, and the CP lengths of other OFDM symbols are the same;

[0172] ② In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 147*k*2^-u, and 148k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0173] ③ In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, and 147k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0174] ④ In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 146*k*2^-u and 148*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0175] Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0176] In some embodiments, when the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any one of the following schemes:

[0177] ① In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 143*k*2^-u, 144*k*2^-u, 145k*2^-u, 146k*2^-u, 147*2^-u, 148*k*2^-u, and 151*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048k*2^-u;

[0178] ② In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 140k*2^-u, 142*k*2^-u, 144k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 148*2^-u, 150*k*2^-u and 154*k*2^-u, and the total CP length is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0179] Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

[0180] In some embodiments, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any of the following schemes:

[0181] ① No CP insertion;

[0182] ② Part of the CP is inserted, while the other part is not, and the length of the CP-inserted parts is the same;

[0183] ③ CP is inserted in part and not in part, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are different.

[0184] In some embodiments, when CP insertion is not performed, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any one of the following schemes:

[0185] ① In R2D link transmission, there are 15*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u;

[0186] ② In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and no operation is performed on the position where the CP was originally inserted.

[0187] ③ In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in the time slot of each 1ms or downlink transmission link of each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and the position of the original CP insertion is not retained.

[0188] In some embodiments, when the position where the CP is originally inserted is not reserved, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any one of the following schemes:

[0189] ① The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is consistent with the NR system, but the time slot duration of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 14 / 15ms;

[0190] ② The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is expanded to 15 / 14 of the NR system, but the time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 1ms.

[0191] In some embodiments, when CP insertion is performed on part of the data and not on part of the data, and the lengths of the parts where CP insertion is performed are the same, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is further configured to perform any one of the following schemes:

[0192] ① Insert only one CP, the length of which is (u+1)*2048*2^-u, starting at any position among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 13th*2^u. The content of the CP is any of the following:

[0193] The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols;

[0194] The contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols;

[0195] The content of the first and second OFDM symbols after the CP position;

[0196] ② Insert (u+1) CPs, with a CP length of 2048*2^-u, located at any two positions among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 14th*2^u. The CP content includes any one of the following:

[0197] The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols;

[0198] The contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols;

[0199] The content of the first CP is the content of the first OFDM symbol after the CP position, and the content of the second CP is the content of the second OFDM symbol after the CP position.

[0200] In some embodiments, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is also used to execute any one of the following schemes: ① repeating part or all of the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol to the front of the OFDM symbol as the CP; ② repeating part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol to the back of the OFDM symbol as the CP of the next OFDM symbol; ③ the first OOK modulation waveform in each OFDM symbol is the same as part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform.

[0201] In some embodiments, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is also used to execute any of the following schemes: ① When inserting the CP, ignore the rising edge or falling edge inside the CP, and uniformly insert the CP as all high levels or all low levels; ② When inserting the CP, select the OOK modulated waveform content that does not generate a rising edge or a falling edge before or after the target CP position as the CP insertion; wherein the target CP is the content of the last part of the OOK modulated waveform on the OFDM symbol, which is the same as the CP insertion mechanism of NR.

[0202] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cyclic prefix insertion module 131 is also used to execute any one of the following schemes: ① using the OOK modulation waveform before the first rising edge or falling edge in the CP as the inserted CP waveform; when the first edge is a rising edge, using the low level as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the first edge is a falling edge, using the high level as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; ② using the OOK modulation waveform after the last rising edge or falling edge in the CP as the inserted CP waveform; when the last edge is a rising edge, using the high level as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the last edge is a falling edge, using the low level as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP.

[0203] It should be noted that the examples and application scenarios implemented by the modules in the above-mentioned apparatus embodiment are the same as those implemented by the corresponding steps in the method embodiment, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above-mentioned method embodiment. It should be noted that the above-mentioned modules, as part of the apparatus, can be executed in a computer system, such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0204] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented in the following forms, namely: a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or an implementation that combines hardware and software aspects, which may be collectively referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "system."

[0205] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute any of the aforementioned methods for downlink transmission of an IoT device by executing the executable instructions. Because the principles for solving the problem in this electronic device embodiment are similar to those in the aforementioned method embodiment, the implementation of this electronic device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned method embodiment, and any repetitions will not be repeated.

[0206] Refer to the following Figure 14 1400 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Figure 14 The electronic device 1400 shown is merely an example and should not limit the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0207] like Figure 14 As shown, electronic device 1400 is implemented as a general-purpose computing device. Components of electronic device 1400 may include, but are not limited to, the aforementioned at least one processing unit 1410, the aforementioned at least one storage unit 1420, and a bus 1430 connecting various system components (including storage unit 1420 and processing unit 1410).

[0208] The storage unit stores program code, which can be executed by the processing unit 1410, so that the processing unit 1410 performs the steps described in the "Exemplary Method" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the processing unit 1410 can perform the following steps of the aforementioned method embodiment: inserting a cyclic prefix (CP) before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in an R2D link transmission of an IoT device; wherein the R2D link is used to transmit any of the following information: physical R2D channel (PRDCH) control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel (PRDCCH) information, preamble synchronization signal, postamble synchronization signal, midamble synchronization signal, reference signal, broadcast information, or paging information.

[0209] The storage unit 1420 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access memory unit (RAM) 14201 and / or a cache memory unit 14202 , and may further include a read-only memory unit (ROM) 14203 .

[0210] The storage unit 1420 may also include a program / utility 14204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 14205, such program modules 14205 including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0211] The bus 1430 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

[0212] Electronic device 1400 may also communicate with one or more external devices 1440 (e.g., a keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 1400, and / or any device that enables electronic device 1400 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., a router, modem, etc.). Such communication may occur via input / output (I / O) interface 1450. Furthermore, electronic device 1400 may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or a public network such as the Internet) via network adapter 1460. As shown, network adapter 1460 communicates with other modules of electronic device 1400 via bus 1430. It should be understood that, although not shown, other hardware and / or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 1400, including but not limited to microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0213] Through the description of the above embodiments, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0214] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements any of the aforementioned methods for downlink transmission of IoT devices. Because the principles underlying the problems solved by this computer-readable storage medium embodiment are similar to those of the aforementioned method embodiment, the implementation of this computer-readable storage medium embodiment can be referenced to the implementation of the aforementioned method embodiment, and any repetitions will not be repeated.

[0215] More specific examples of computer-readable storage media in the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more conductors, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0216] In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transfer a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0217] Alternatively, the program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0218] In a specific implementation, the program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, and the like, as well as conventional procedural programming languages such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0219] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements the downlink transmission method for an IoT device according to any of the aforementioned method embodiments. Because the principles underlying the problems solved by this computer program product embodiment are similar to those of the aforementioned method embodiments, the implementation of this computer program product embodiment can be referenced to the implementation of the aforementioned method embodiments, and any repetitions will not be repeated.

[0220] It should be noted that although several modules or units of the device for action execution are mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be concretized in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided into multiple modules or units to be concretized.

[0221] Furthermore, although the steps of the method of the present disclosure are described in a particular order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in this particular order, or that all steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps.

[0222] Through the description of the above embodiments, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0223] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A downlink transmission method for an Internet of Things device, characterized in that: include: In the R2D link transmission of IoT devices, a cyclic prefix (CP) is inserted before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. The R2D link is used to transmit any of the following information: physical R2D channel PRDCH information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel PRDCCH information, preamble synchronization signal, postamble synchronization signal, midamble synchronization signal, reference signal, broadcast information or paging information.

2. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The length or content of the CP is obtained in any one of the following ways: pre-definition, pre-configuration, high-layer indication, and physical layer indication.

3. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 1, characterized in that The scheme of inserting a CP before each OFDM symbol includes any one of the following: The CP inserted before each OFDM symbol has the same length; The length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different; The lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are the same, and the lengths of the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols are different.

4. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 3, characterized in that When the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is the same, the CP length of each OFDM symbol is 256*X*k*2^-u; where X is a positive integer, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

5. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The value of X can be any one of 2, 4, 7, 12, 16, 22, 32, and 52.

6. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols have the same length and the CPs inserted before some OFDM symbols have different lengths, the CP insertion scheme includes any of the following: In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length of every 7*2^u OFDM symbols is the same, and the CP lengths of other OFDM symbols are the same; In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 147*k*2^-u, and 148k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u; In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 145*k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, and 147k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u; In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 146*k*2^-u and 148*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048*k*2^-u; Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

7. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the length of the CP inserted before each OFDM symbol is different, the CP insertion scheme includes any of the following: In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 143*k*2^-u, 144*k*2^-u, 145k*2^-u, 146k*2^-u, 147*2^-u, 148*k*2^-u, and 151*k*2^-u, and the total length of the CP length combination is 2048k*2^-u; In every 14*2^u OFDM symbols, the CP length is a combination of 140k*2^-u, 142*k*2^-u, 144k*2^-u, 146*k*2^-u, 148*2^-u, 150*k*2^-u and 154*k*2^-u, and the total CP length is 2048*k*2^-u; Wherein, k is the ratio of the reference sampling interval to the minimum sampling interval, and u is the parameter set of the current subcarrier spacing.

8. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution for inserting CP also includes any one of the following: No CP insertion is performed; Part of the CP is inserted, and part of the CP is not inserted, and the length of the part with CP insertion is the same; CP is inserted into part of the data and not into part of the data, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are different.

9. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the CP is not inserted, the CP insertion scheme includes any one of the following: In R2D link transmission, there are 15*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device, and the length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u; In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in each 1ms or downlink transmission link time slot of each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and no operation is performed on the position where the CP was originally inserted. In R2D link transmission, there are 14*2^u OFDM symbols in the time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device every 1ms or each IoT device. The length of each OFDM symbol is 2048*k*2^-u. CP insertion is not performed, and the position of the original CP insertion is not retained.

10. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the original inserted CP position is not retained, it includes any of the following: The sampling point interval of each IoT device's downlink is consistent with the NR system, but the time slot duration of each IoT device's downlink transmission link is 14 / 15ms; The sampling point interval of the downlink of each IoT device is expanded to 15 / 14 of the NR system, but the time slot of the downlink transmission link of each IoT device is 1ms.

11. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 8, characterized in that: When CP is inserted in part and not in part, and the lengths of the parts where CP is inserted are the same, the scheme for inserting CP includes any one of the following: Insert only one CP. The length of the CP is (u+1)*2048*2^-u. It starts at any position among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 13th*2^u. The content of the CP is any of the following: The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols; The contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols; The content of the first and second OFDM symbols after the CP position; Insert (u+1) CPs, with a length of 2048*2^-u, at any two positions among the 0th, 1st, ..., or 14th*2^u. The CP content includes any of the following: The contents of the 13th*(u+1)th and 13th*(u+1)+1th OFDM symbols; The contents of the 0th and 1st OFDM symbols; The content of the first CP is the content of the first OFDM symbol after the CP position, and the content of the second CP is the content of the second OFDM symbol after the CP position.

12. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution for inserting CP also includes any one of the following: Repeat part or all of the first OOK modulation waveform of the OFDM symbol to the front of the OFDM symbol as the CP; Repeat part or all of the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol to the end of the OFDM symbol as the CP of the next OFDM symbol; The first OOK modulated waveform in each OFDM symbol is partially or entirely identical to the last OOK modulated waveform.

13. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution of inserting CP also includes: When inserting CP, ignore the rising edge or falling edge inside CP and insert CP uniformly as all high level or all low level; When inserting CP, the OOK modulated waveform content that does not generate a rising edge or a falling edge before or after the target CP position is selected as the CP insertion; wherein, the target CP is the content of the last part of the OOK modulated waveform on the OFDM symbol, which is the same as the CP insertion mechanism of NR.

14. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 13, characterized in that: Ignore the rising or falling edge inside the CP and insert the CP uniformly as all high or all low levels. This also includes one of the following solutions: The OOK modulation waveform before the first rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the first edge is a rising edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the first edge is a falling edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; The OOK modulation waveform after the last rising edge or falling edge in the CP is used as the inserted CP waveform; when the last edge is a rising edge, the high level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP; when the last edge is a falling edge, the low level is used as the OOK modulation waveform of the entire CP.

15. The downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The solution for inserting CP also includes any one of the following: The generated CP waveform is the same as the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol; The generated CP waveform is different from the last OOK modulation waveform of the previous OFDM symbol or the first OOK modulation waveform of the next OFDM symbol.

16. The downlink transmission method of an Internet of Things device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The Internet of Things device is an environmental Internet of Things device.

17. A downlink transmission device for an Internet of Things device, characterized in that: include: A cyclic prefix insertion module is used to insert a cyclic prefix (CP) before each orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the R2D link transmission of IoT devices; The R2D link is used to transmit any of the following information: physical R2D channel PRDCH control information, R2D link control information, physical R2D control channel PRDCCH information, preamble synchronization signal, postamble synchronization signal, midamble synchronization signal, reference signal, broadcast information or paging information.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; as well as a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; The processor is configured to execute the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 by executing the executable instructions.

19. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is implemented.

20. A computer program product comprising: A computer program or instruction, characterized in that when the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, it implements the downlink transmission method of the Internet of Things device according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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