Soil preparation equipment for improving regional saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention discloses soil preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali soil improvement, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the soil preparation equipment structurally comprises a throwing box and a transverse cylinder frame, a plurality of sleeves are rotatably mounted on the outer side of the transverse cylinder frame, arc-shaped soil shoveling devices are arranged on the outer sides of the sleeves through communicating cavities in a communicating manner, and the communicating cavities can communicate with a material collecting opening in the transverse cylinder frame; a spiral conveying rod is rotationally mounted in the transverse barrel frame, and a discharge channel is arranged at the lower end of the side part of the transverse barrel frame in a communicating manner; the equipment does not cause excessive disturbance to an original soil layer, and stable growth of plants is ensured by constructing a natural isolation layer in original saline-alkali soil and introducing foreign soil into a designated area; on the basis, organic matters and low-salinity moisture in the soil dressing are driven to migrate to the lower part of a hardened layer by utilizing moisture infiltration and capillary action, so that the soil microenvironment of a root zone is improved, and pioneer vegetation community coverage with remarkable high advantages is quickly established in the initial stage of saline-alkali soil improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanized agricultural and gardening machinery manufacturing, in particular to the technical field of intelligent agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to a land preparation device for regional saline-alkali land improvement. Background Art

[0002] The core characteristic of saline-alkali land is the excessive accumulation of soluble salts and alkaline substances in the soil. Excessive salt concentration not only significantly increases the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, seriously hindering the absorption of water and nutrients by plant roots, causing "physiological drought", but also directly poisons root cells, interfering with their metabolism, leading to poor root development or even death. Among them, the large amount of sodium ions present in saline-alkali soil will strongly replace the calcium, magnesium and other binding ions in the soil colloids. This replacement effect severely destroys the soil's aggregate structure, causing the originally loose and porous soil to disintegrate, compact and densify, resulting in a sharp drop in soil permeability and serious obstruction of root respiration. The existing application number is CN202411197689.1, which is a method and equipment for improving saline-alkali land. The patent document discloses a scheme for evenly mixing fertilizer into saline-alkali soil to achieve the purpose of improving saline-alkali soil. Specifically: when it is necessary to evenly add fertilizer to the saline-alkali land, the surface soil of the saline-alkali land is first plowed by a rotary tillage mechanism, and then the position of the shovel-shaped frame is adjusted by an angle adjustment component so that the shovel-shaped frame contacts the soil surface, and the plowed soil contacts the shovel-shaped frame. Under the action of the soil conveying component, the soil is driven to move on the shovel-shaped frame and the soil is entered into the conveying box. In the body, the soil is transported by the mobile conveying component, and various fertilizers are added into the main mixing barrel. The various fertilizers are mixed into compound fertilizer by the stirring component, and then the compound fertilizer in the main mixing barrel is transported to the fertilizer conveying component. The compound fertilizer is then added to the soil in the moving process in the conveying box through the uniform feeding mechanism, so that the compound fertilizer is mixed into the soil during the movement. Finally, the soil and the compound fertilizer are discharged through the discharge port of the conveying box, and the mixed soil and the compound fertilizer are spread together on the saline-alkali land, so that when only a small amount of compound fertilizer is needed to improve the saline-alkali land, a small amount of fertilizer can be evenly distributed on the saline-alkali land. However, when using the technical solution in the above patent document, there are many limitations in mechanically mixing fertilizers only on the surface of the soil; it is impossible to effectively reduce the excessively high sodium ion concentration in the local solution; sodium ions are the key factor leading to soil structure deterioration, hindering water infiltration and root penetration; in addition, fertilizers are not applied deeply or concentratedly to the plant root area, but are relatively evenly and shallowly dispersed throughout the surface of the cultivated layer, which directly nourishes weed seeds widely distributed on the surface of the soil, providing sufficient nutrients for their germination and vigorous growth, while weeds will form a fierce competition with target plants for nutrients and water, and their dense shallow roots will intercept and consume a large amount of soil moisture, weakening the target plants' ability to effectively absorb deep soil moisture, aggravating water stress, and further affecting plant growth and development; therefore, the present application provides a regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a regional land preparation equipment for saline-alkali land improvement, which will not cause excessive disturbance to the original soil layer. By constructing a natural isolation layer in the original saline-alkali soil and introducing foreign soil in the designated area, the stable growth of plants is ensured; on this basis, the infiltration of water and capillary action are used to drive the organic matter and low-mineralized water in the foreign soil to migrate below the compacted layer, thereby improving the soil microenvironment in the root zone and quickly establishing a pioneer vegetation community coverage with significant height advantages in the early stage of saline-alkali land improvement.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: Provided is a regional land preparation equipment for improving saline-alkali land, comprising a delivery box placed on cultivated land, wherein foreign soil suitable for the growth of specified plants is placed in the delivery box, the delivery box is connected to a power device through a frame, and the travel direction of the power device is defined as forward. A plurality of raised structures I are provided on the middle side of the bottom of the delivery box, and a delivery port is provided on the rear side of the raised structure I. A transverse cylinder frame is installed on the lower side of the frame, and a plurality of sleeves are rotatably installed on the outer side of the transverse cylinder frame. The plurality of sleeves are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the transverse cylinder frame, and an arc-shaped shovel is provided on the outer side of the sleeve through a conducting cavity, and the conducting cavity can be connected to the aggregate port on the transverse cylinder frame. A spiral conveying rod is rotatably installed in the transverse cylinder frame, and a discharge channel is provided on the lower end of the side of the transverse cylinder frame.

[0005] Among them, the power equipment can use agricultural tractors such as John Deere agricultural machinery tractors, Dongfanghong tractors, Zoomlion tractors, wheeled tractors, crawler tractors and walk-behind tractors. The specific equipment model can be adjusted according to the area of saline-alkali land that needs to be treated at the same time.

[0006] In the present application, for the specific method of controlling the rotation of the sleeve on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame, an optional technical solution is: the rotation of each sleeve on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame is independently controlled, and a gear ring is fixedly installed on the side of each sleeve. A drive motor I is installed on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame, and a drive gear I is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor I. The drive gear I is connected to the gear ring through meshing transmission.

[0007] In the present application, for the specific method of controlling the rotation of the sleeve on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame, another optional technical solution is: a transverse column is detachably fixedly installed between the conducting cavities on adjacent sleeves, a gear ring is fixedly installed on the side of the sleeve near one end of the discharge channel, a drive motor II is installed on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame, and a drive gear II is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor II, and the drive gear II is connected to the gear ring through meshing transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, brackets are detachably mounted on both sides of the conduction cavity, and a crushing wheel with a built-in torque motor is mounted between the two brackets. The side of the crushing wheel extends into the interior of the arc-shaped shovel, and is used to move the soil entering the arc-shaped shovel toward the conduction cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a slag discharge module capable of opening and closing relative to the arc-shaped shovel is provided on the side of the front end of the arc-shaped shovel, and the adjustment arm on the slag discharge module is engaged and slidably connected with the positioning arm on the arc-shaped shovel.

[0010] In the present application, for the specific method of controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped shovel, an optional technical solution is: a miniature linear electric cylinder is installed between the adjusting arm and the positioning arm; the miniature linear electric cylinder is started to control the adjusting arm to slide on the positioning arm, thereby controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped shovel.

[0011] In the present application, for the specific method of controlling the movement of the slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped shovel, another optional technical solution is: a tension spring is fixedly installed between the adjusting arm and the positioning arm, a synchronization arm is slidably installed in the transverse cylinder frame, and an arc-shaped seat is detachably fixedly installed on the synchronization arm, and the pushing arm on the arc-shaped seat can abut against the end of the adjusting arm to apply a force to the adjusting arm away from the positioning arm; the movement of the synchronization arm is controlled to drive the synchronous movement of multiple arc-shaped seats, so that the pushing arm can act on the adjusting arm rotated to the upper rear of the transverse cylinder frame, thereby controlling the movement of the corresponding slag discharge module relative to the arc-shaped shovel.

[0012] Furthermore, a collection box is detachably fixedly installed on the front bottom side of the delivery box, and a plurality of raised structures II are provided at the bottom of the collection box. The size and position of the raised structures II correspond to those of the raised structures I, and both can be engaged with the grooves. A U-shaped shovel blade is provided on the inner edge of the raised structure II for shoveling foreign matter discharged from the slag discharge module, and a guide slope is provided on the inner side of the collection box at a position corresponding to the U-shaped shovel blade for guiding and collecting the shoveled foreign matter.

[0013] Furthermore, a valve plate is slidably installed in the horizontal cylinder frame, and the connecting port on the valve plate can be connected to or staggered with the aggregate port, and the inner side surface of the valve plate fits with the outer side surface of the spiral conveying rod; the valve plate is periodically controlled to slide along the axial direction of the horizontal cylinder frame, so that the connecting port and the aggregate port are continuously staggered and connected. In the staggered state, the spiral conveying rod is controlled to rotate to quickly empty the original soil in the horizontal cylinder frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The regional land preparation equipment for improving saline-alkali land exemplified by the present invention, as the arc-shaped shovel completes a single soil excavation operation, the power equipment moves a certain distance and remains paused until the arc-shaped shovel completes the next soil excavation operation, and the power equipment continues to move a certain distance and remains paused, and the above operation is repeated, thereby reducing the disturbance of the cultivated land caused by the arc-shaped shovel, making the overall structure of the groove smooth and complete, and utilizing the compaction characteristics of the saline-alkali land itself to construct a natural isolation layer in the original saline-alkali land soil. Rainwater or irrigation water is intercepted in the vertical direction by the compacted soil layer at the bottom of the groove, which to a certain extent resists the erosion of fertilizer water in the new soil, and the fertilizer utilization effect is good. The water can be fully diffused in the guest soil to provide the needs of plant growth.

[0015] 2. In the regional saline-alkali land improvement land preparation equipment exemplified in the present invention, the shoveling operation of the arc-shaped shovel only acts on a local area of the cultivated land. The shape of this area is regular and consistent with the plant planting area. The water conduction capacity is not adversely affected, and the water infiltration and discharge will not be affected by the high salt content in the original soil. At the same time, traditional soil improvement operations can be implemented in the soil between adjacent grooves without affecting each other.

[0016] 3. The regional land preparation equipment for improving saline-alkali land in the example of the present invention ensures that the designated plants can be stably planted in the imported soil through regional soil replacement. On the basis of maintaining a small amount of imported soil, it quickly establishes a pioneer vegetation community coverage with significant height advantages, provides an initial vegetation foundation, and the results of soil treatment are quickly manifested. The effect of preventing salt-containing sand and dust is obvious. Compared with the traditional treatment method of draining salt through underground pipes, the original soil layer is shoveled and then treated separately, which can greatly reduce the initial construction scale and cost of water conservancy and irrigation equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frame, a ground leveling shovel, and a delivery box provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a delivery box and a collection box provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal cylinder frame and multiple arc-shaped shovels provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal cylinder frame and multiple arc-shaped shovels provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped scraper provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of an arc-shaped scraper and a slag discharge module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 An exploded view of the structure of the horizontal cylinder frame, spiral conveying rod and valve plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of the horizontal cylinder frame, spiral conveying rod and valve plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a synchronization arm provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, ploughing ground; 11, frame; 12, ground leveling shovel; 13, delivery box; 131, guide platform; 132, delivery port; 14, collection box; 141, U-shaped shovel blade; 142, guide slope; 21, horizontal cylinder frame; 211, end cover; 22, collection port; 23, discharge channel; 24, screw conveyor rod; 241, rotation driver; 25, valve plate; 251, connecting port; 252, linear electric cylinder I; 2 6. Circular hole I; 27. Notch; 31. Sleeve; 32. Conducting cavity; 33. Arc-shaped scraper; 331. Slag discharge module; 332. Adjusting arm; 333. Positioning arm; 34. Bracket; 35. Crushing wheel; 36. Cross column; 37. Gear ring; 41. Synchronous arm; 411. Linear electric cylinder II; 42. Cross bar; 421. Socket; 422. Circular hole II; 43. Arc-shaped seat; 431. Pushing arm; 432. Plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention.

[0021] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings.

[0025] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a regional saline-alkali land improvement and land preparation equipment, including a delivery box 13 placed on the cultivated land 1, in which foreign soil suitable for the growth of specified plants is placed, and a guide platform 131 is detachably fixedly installed in the delivery box 13 to facilitate the emptying of foreign soil; the delivery box 13 is connected to the power equipment through the frame 11, and the direction of travel of the power equipment is defined as forward. A plurality of raised structures I are provided on the middle side of the bottom of the delivery box 13, and a delivery port 132 is provided on the rear side of the raised structure I. A horizontal cylinder frame 21 is installed on the lower side of the frame 11, and the horizontal cylinder frame End covers 211 are detachably fixedly installed at both ends of the transverse cylinder frame 21, and multiple sleeves 31 are rotatably installed on the outer side of the transverse cylinder frame 21. The multiple sleeves 31 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the transverse cylinder frame 21, and an arc-shaped shovel 33 is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 31 through a conducting cavity 32. The conducting cavity 32 can be connected to the collecting port 22 on the transverse cylinder frame 21. A screw conveying rod 24 and a rotating driver 241 for driving the screw conveying rod 24 to rotate are installed on the transverse cylinder frame 21, and a discharge channel 23 is provided at the lower end of the side of the transverse cylinder frame 21.

[0026] Among them, the power equipment can use agricultural tractors such as John Deere agricultural machinery tractors, Dongfanghong tractors, Zoomlion tractors, wheeled tractors, crawler tractors and walk-behind tractors. The specific equipment model can be adjusted according to the area of saline-alkali land that needs to be treated at the same time.

[0027] The specific details of the regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment using this application are as follows: 1. Preparation before use; The shape of the groove depends on the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped shovel 33, and the depth of the groove depends on the distance between the bottom of the arc-shaped shovel 33 and the cultivated land 1 when the arc-shaped shovel 33 rotates to the lowest point. By replacing the arc-shaped shovel 33 with different shapes and adjusting the digging depth of the arc-shaped shovel 33, the size of the groove can be made to correspond to the root growth range of the specified plant.

[0028] 2. Carry out regional excavation of the soil on the cultivated land 1; As the power equipment moves intermittently, the multiple sleeves 31 are controlled to rotate continuously, driving the multiple arc-shaped scrapers 33 to periodically act on the ground, continuously shoveling the original soil layer of the saline-alkali land. After the soil is shoveled, multiple parallel grooves are formed on the ground; because the extension direction of the arc-shaped scrapers 33 at the root position of the conductive cavity 32 is consistent with the rotation direction of the arc-shaped scrapers 33, the soil entering the arc-shaped scrapers 33 will not flow back and can smoothly pass through the arc-shaped scrapers 33 and the conductive cavity 32 and enter the horizontal cylinder frame 21; The rotary driver 241 is started to rotate the spiral conveying rod 24, and the soil entering the transverse cylinder frame 21 from the multiple conducting cavities 32 is mixed. The friction between the soil and the molecular force is generated to achieve fragmentation. When the soil is discharged from the discharge channel 23, it can be in a relatively fine particle state and collected by sacks and bucket trucks for subsequent separate soil improvement treatment.

[0029] 3. Introduce foreign soil into the groove created by excavation; The raised structure I at the bottom of the delivery box 13 can be fitted into the groove. As the power equipment moves intermittently, the delivery box 13 is vibrated, and the soil is guided from the delivery port 132 into the groove. Since the raised structure I is arranged at the bottom middle side of the delivery box 13, Figure 2 As shown, there is a certain distance between the raised structure I and the rear end of the delivery box 13. Under the restriction of the lower side of the bottom of the delivery box 13, the maximum filling height of the imported soil is consistent with the horizontal plane of the cultivated land 1; at this time, only the organic matter in the new soil and the low-mineralized water are gradually infiltrated into the old soil to achieve soil improvement.

[0030] 4. Implement soil improvement treatment on the excavated soil separately; Use sacks and bucket trucks to collect the fine soil discharged from the discharge channel 23, and perform leaching treatment on this part of the soil originally remaining on the cultivated land 1 to dissolve the salt in the soil. As the salt solution is discharged, the salt content in the soil is reduced, and traditional treatment agents and improvers such as fly ash, biochar and red mud are mixed into the treated soil to increase the organic matter in the soil. After completing the separate soil improvement, it can be added to the delivery box 13 instead of the guest soil.

[0031] In the above step 2, the shoveling operation of the arc-shaped shovel 33 only acts on a local area of the cultivated land 1. The shape of this area is regular and consistent with the plant planting area. The water conduction capacity is not adversely affected, and the water infiltration and discharge will not be affected by the high salt content in the original soil. At the same time, traditional soil improvement operations can be implemented in the soil between adjacent grooves without affecting each other.

[0032] In the above step 2, as the arc shovel 33 completes a single soil excavation operation, the power equipment moves a distance and remains paused until the arc shovel 33 completes the next soil excavation operation. The power equipment continues to move a distance and remains paused, and the above operation is repeated to reduce the disturbance of the cultivated land 1 caused by the arc shovel 33, so that the overall structure of the groove is smooth and complete. By utilizing the compaction characteristics of the saline-alkali land itself, a natural isolation layer is constructed in the original saline-alkali land soil. Rainwater or irrigation water is intercepted in the vertical direction by the compacted soil layer at the bottom of the groove, which resists the erosion of fertilizer water in the new soil to a certain extent. The fertilizer utilization effect is good, and the water can be fully diffused in the guest soil to provide the needs of plant growth.

[0033] By using the above-mentioned scheme of the present application, regional soil replacement is carried out to ensure that designated plants can be stably planted in the imported soil. On the basis of maintaining a small amount of imported soil, a pioneer vegetation community with significant height advantage is quickly established to provide an initial vegetation foundation. The results of soil management are quickly apparent, and the effect of preventing salt-containing dust is obvious. Compared with the traditional method of salt discharge through underground pipes, the original soil layer is shoveled and then managed separately, which can greatly reduce the initial construction scale and cost of water conservancy irrigation equipment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the specific method for controlling the rotation of the sleeve 31 on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame 21 is as follows: the rotation of each sleeve 31 on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame 21 is independently controlled, and a gear ring 37 is fixedly installed on the side of each sleeve 31. A drive motor I is installed on the outside of the transverse cylinder frame 21. The number of drive motors I is consistent with the number of sleeves 31. A drive gear I is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor I, and the drive gear I is connected to the gear ring 37 through meshing transmission.

[0035] Example 2: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a ground leveling shovel 12 is provided at the front end of the transverse cylinder frame 21, and the ground leveling shovel 12 is connected to the frame 11 through a connecting rod; the ground leveling shovel 12 is composed of two shoveling components spliced together, the bottom of the shoveling component is a planar structure, and the front end of the shoveling component is provided with an asymmetric arc-shaped shoveling surface.

[0036] Due to the difference in the size of the arc at both ends of the arc surface, when the equipment moves forward together with the power equipment, the shoveling component shovels up the soil protruding from the cultivated land 1, and the shoveled soil is pushed by the shoveling component. Guided by the asymmetric arc shovel surface at the front end of the shoveling component, a horizontal pushing force perpendicular to the direction of travel of the equipment is generated, pushing the soil horizontally to the depression in the ground for filling, thereby improving the leveling effect of the cultivated land 1.

[0037] Example 3: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a transverse column 36 is detachably fixedly installed between the conducting cavities 32 on adjacent sleeves 31, a gear ring 37 is fixedly installed on the side of the sleeve 31 near one end of the discharge channel 23, and a drive motor II is installed on the outer side of the transverse cylinder frame 21. A drive gear II is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor II, and the drive gear II is connected to the gear ring 37 through meshing transmission; the drive motor II is started to drive the drive gear II to rotate, and the meshing transmission between the drive gear II and the gear ring 37, as well as the connecting function of multiple transverse columns 36, drive the multiple arc-shaped scrapers 33 to rotate synchronously with the axis of the sleeve 31 as the axis.

[0038] Compared with the solution of individually controlling the rotation of multiple sleeves 31 in Example 1, the above solution of this embodiment can reduce the number of driving devices used, effectively reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment, simplify the system structure, improve space utilization and operational reliability, and optimize the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0039] Example 4: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, brackets 34 are detachably mounted on both sides of the conduction cavity 32, and a crushing wheel 35 with a built-in torque motor is mounted between the two brackets 34. The side of the crushing wheel 35 extends into the interior of the arc-shaped scraper 33, and is used to move the local soil entering the arc-shaped scraper 33 toward the conduction cavity 32; a sealing strip is detachably mounted on the arc-shaped scraper 33, and the sealing strip acts on the side of the crushing wheel 35 close to the conduction cavity 32 to prevent the local soil entering the arc-shaped scraper 33 from leaking through the gap between the arc-shaped scraper 33 and the crushing wheel 35.

[0040] During the regional excavation process on the cultivated land 1, Figure 8As shown, multiple arc-shaped shovels 33 rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the sleeve 31 to shovel up soil with high salinity and alkali content. At the same time, the crushing wheel 35 corresponding to each arc-shaped shovel 33 rotates clockwise around its own axis to crush the soil blocks entering the arc-shaped shovel 33 to achieve primary crushing processing. Under the rotation of the crushing wheel 35, this part of the soil is pushed into the guide cavity 32. As the corresponding guide cavity 32 is connected with the aggregate port 22 and the connecting port 251, under the action of gravity, the initially crushed soil slides into the horizontal cylinder frame 21.

[0041] Among them, the torque motor used in this application can use the German TQ RoboDrive ILM series frameless direct-drive torque motor, equipped with RD50 / 70 / 85-AKSIM encoder to ensure that the crushing wheel 35 immediately enters a blocked standby state when encountering foreign objects such as stones, and foreign objects such as stones are clamped between the crushing wheel 35 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped shovel 33, effectively ensuring the continuity and safety of the land leveling operation; due to the slow travel speed of the power equipment, the amount of soil shoveled by the arc-shaped shovel 33 at a single time is small, which effectively prevents stones from blocking the soil entry channel of the arc-shaped shovel 33.

[0042] Embodiment 5: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a slag discharge module 331 capable of opening and closing relative to the arc-shaped shovel 33 is provided on the side of the front end of the arc-shaped shovel 33, and the adjustment arm 332 on the slag discharge module 331 is engaged and slidably connected with the positioning arm 333 on the arc-shaped shovel 33.

[0043] In this embodiment, the specific method for controlling the movement of the slag discharge module 331 relative to the arc-shaped scraper 33 is as follows: A miniature linear electric cylinder is installed between the adjusting arm 332 and the positioning arm 333; when the arc-shaped scraper 33 rotates to the upper rear of the horizontal cylinder frame 21, the torque motor is started to reverse, and the stones and other foreign objects stuck between the crushing wheel 35 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped scraper 33 are re-exported from the arc-shaped scraper 33; then the miniature linear electric cylinder is started to extend, and the adjusting arm 332 is controlled to slide away from the positioning arm 333, so that the slag discharge module 331 is opened relative to the arc-shaped scraper 33, providing space for the sufficient discharge of stones and other foreign objects, thereby avoiding damage to the subsequent agricultural machinery and equipment used in this area.

[0044] like Figure 5As shown, a collection box 14 is detachably fixedly installed on the front bottom side of the delivery box 13, and a plurality of raised structures II are provided at the bottom of the collection box 14. The size and position of the raised structures II correspond to those of the raised structures I, and both can be fitted into the grooves. A U-shaped shovel blade 141 is provided on the inner edge of the raised structure II, which is used to shovel up foreign objects such as stones discharged from the arc-shaped shovel 33. A guide slope 142 is provided on the inner side of the collection box 14 at a position corresponding to the U-shaped shovel blade 141, which is used to guide and collect the shoveled foreign objects.

[0045] By combining the above-mentioned schemes of Example 4 and Example 5, the equipment uses the encoder on the torque motor to realize the automatic stall function during the excavation and collection of the original soil layer, thereby intelligently identifying the residual stones and other foreign objects in the corresponding area of the groove, shoveling, clamping, re-discharging and guiding them for collection. By using the operation of multiple sets of arc-shaped shovels 33, multi-path intelligent screening of irregular stones and other foreign objects is realized, the soil layer on the ground is combed, and the smooth rotation of the spiral conveying rod 24 is guaranteed to avoid the large amount of stone mixing affecting the soil transfer and subsequent separate improvement and processing operations.

[0046] Example 6: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 7 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, a valve plate 25 and a linear electric cylinder I 252 for driving the valve plate 25 to slide are installed on the transverse cylinder frame 21. The connecting port 251 on the valve plate 25 can be connected to or staggered with the aggregate port 22, and the inner side surface of the valve plate 25 is in contact with the outer side surface of the spiral conveying rod 24; the linear electric cylinder I 252 is periodically started to control the valve plate 25 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the transverse cylinder frame 21, so that the connecting port 251 and the aggregate port 22 are continuously staggered and connected. In the staggered state, the spiral conveying rod 24 is controlled to rotate to quickly empty the original soil in the transverse cylinder frame 21.

[0047] Embodiment seven: The features that are the same as those in the first embodiment are not described in detail. The differences between the first embodiment and the present embodiment are as follows: Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, in this embodiment, a tension spring is fixedly installed between the adjusting arm 332 and the positioning arm 333, a synchronization arm 41 is slidably installed in the transverse cylinder frame 21, a linear electric cylinder II 411 is installed on the transverse cylinder frame 21 for driving the synchronization arm 41 to slide, and an arc seat 43 is detachably fixedly installed on the synchronization arm 41. The pushing arm 431 on the arc seat 43 can abut against the end of the adjusting arm 332, thereby applying a force to the adjusting arm 332 away from the positioning arm 333.

[0048] like Figure 12 As shown, the synchronization arm 41 is provided with two cross bars 42, and the cross cylinder frame 21 is provided with a circular hole I26 for the cross bar 42 to slide. The pushing arm 431 is provided with two plugs 432. After the plugs 432 pass through the slots 27 on the cross cylinder frame 21, they are plugged into the sockets 421 on the cross bar 42. A circular hole II422 is provided on the cross bar 42, and a circular hole III is provided on the plug 432. The long pin is passed through the circular hole II422 and the circular hole III at the same time or pulled out from between the two, so as to realize the quick disassembly and assembly operation of the arc seat 43 on the synchronization arm 41.

[0049] The inner side surface of the arc-shaped seat 43 fits with the outer side surface of the horizontal cylinder frame 21 and can shield the notch 27 to prevent dust particles in the air from entering the circular hole I 26 through the notch 27 .

[0050] Start the linear electric cylinder II 411 to control the movement of the synchronous arm 41, driving the multiple arc seats 43 to move synchronously, so that the pushing arm 431 can act on the adjusting arm 332 rotated to the upper rear of the horizontal cylinder frame 21, and control the corresponding slag discharge module 331 to open and close relative to the arc shovel 33, providing space for the sufficient discharge of foreign objects such as stones.

[0051] Compared with the solution in Example 5, which uses a miniature linear electric cylinder to control the opening and closing of the slag discharge module 331 and the arc-shaped shovel 33, the above-mentioned solution of this embodiment can reduce the number of driving devices used, effectively reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment, simplify the system structure, improve space utilization and operational reliability, and optimize the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0053] Except for the technical features described in the specification, the remaining technical features are known technologies to those skilled in the art. In order to highlight the innovative features of the present invention, the remaining technical features will not be described here in detail.

Claims

1. A land preparation device for regional saline-alkali land improvement, comprising a delivery box (13) placed on cultivated land (1), characterized in that: The delivery box (13) is connected to the power equipment via the frame (11), and the direction of travel of the power equipment is defined as forward; A transverse cylinder frame (21) is installed on the lower side of the frame (11), and a plurality of sleeves (31) are rotatably installed on the outer side of the transverse cylinder frame (21). An arc-shaped scraper (33) is provided on the outer side of the sleeve (31) through a conducting cavity (32). The extending direction of the arc-shaped scraper (33) at the end of the conducting cavity (32) is consistent with the rotation direction of the sleeve (31) when working. The conducting cavity (32) can be connected to the collecting port (22) on the transverse cylinder frame (21). A spiral conveying rod (24) is rotatably installed in the transverse cylinder frame (21), and a discharge channel (23) is provided at the lower end of the side of the transverse cylinder frame (21). As the power equipment moves forward, the arc-shaped shovels (33) corresponding to the multiple sleeves (31) act on the ground periodically, forming multiple parallel grooves on the ground. The bottom middle side of the delivery box (13) is integrally formed with a raised structure I that can be embedded in the groove. The rear side of the raised structure I is provided with a delivery port (132), and the delivery port (132) is used to guide the foreign soil suitable for the growth of specified plants stored in the delivery box (13) into the groove.

2. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Brackets (34) are detachably mounted on both sides of the conduction cavity (32), a crushing wheel (35) with a built-in torque motor is mounted between the two brackets (34), and the side of the crushing wheel (35) extends into the interior of the arc-shaped scraper (33).

3. The land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slag discharge module (331) capable of opening and closing relative to the arc-shaped shovel (33) is provided on the side of the front end of the arc-shaped shovel (33), and the regulating arm (332) on the slag discharge module (331) is engaged and slidably connected with the positioning arm (333) on the arc-shaped shovel (33).

4. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A miniature linear electric cylinder is installed between the regulating arm (332) and the positioning arm (333).

5. The land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A tension spring is fixedly installed between the regulating arm (332) and the positioning arm (333), a synchronization arm (41) is slidably installed in the transverse cylinder frame (21), and an arc seat (43) is detachably fixedly installed on the synchronization arm (41). The pushing arm (431) on the arc seat (43) can abut against the end of the regulating arm (332) to apply a force to the regulating arm (332) away from the positioning arm (333).

6. The land preparation equipment for regional saline-alkali land improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collection box (14) is installed on the front side of the bottom of the delivery box (13); the bottom of the collection box (14) is integrally formed with a raised structure II that can be engaged with the groove; the inner edge of the raised structure II is provided with a U-shaped scraping edge (141); and a guide slope (142) is provided on the inner side of the collection box (14) at a position corresponding to the U-shaped scraping edge (141).

7. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve plate (25) is slidably mounted in the transverse cylinder frame (21). The communication port (251) on the valve plate (25) can be connected to or staggered with the material collection port (22). The inner side surface of the valve plate (25) fits the outer side surface of the spiral conveying rod (24).

8. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ground leveling shovel (12) is provided at the front end of the transverse cylinder frame (21), and the ground leveling shovel (12) is connected to the frame (11) via a connecting rod.

9. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing strip is detachably mounted on the arc-shaped scraper (33), and acts on a side of the crushing wheel (35) close to the conduction cavity (32) to prevent the soil entering the arc-shaped scraper (33) from leaking through the gap between the arc-shaped scraper (33) and the crushing wheel (35).

10. The regional saline-alkali land improvement equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ground leveling shovel (12) is composed of two shovel assemblies spliced together, the bottom of the shovel assembly is a plane structure, and the front end of the shovel assembly is provided with an asymmetric arc-shaped shovel surface.

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