Forestry seedling cultivation device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a forestry seedling cultivation device and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation. The forestry seedling cultivation device comprises a cultivation cylinder, and the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder is provided with spiral protruding flow guide strips; a water storage layer is arranged at the 1 / 3 position of the lower portion of the inner side of the cultivation barrel and comprises a water storage barrel, a supporting frame and a water absorption cotton net, the supporting frame is arranged to be in a honeycomb shape and circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the water storage barrel, the water absorption cotton net is embedded in the supporting frame, a water guide structure is arranged below the water storage barrel and comprises a water guide barrel, a porous water guide plate and a pelelith particle layer, and the porous water guide plate and the pelelith particle layer are arranged in the water guide barrel. A soil bearing net used for bearing a seedling culture medium needing to be cultivated is fixedly arranged in the cultivation cylinder in a sleeved mode, redundant water is guided to flow back to the water storage layer along the wall face through a spiral flow guide strip, the redundant water is guided out through a water guide structure, root systems are prevented from being rotted due to accumulated water, and the oxygen exchange efficiency of the roots is improved by 40% or above through an air buffer cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and in particular to a forestry seedling cultivation device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seedlings are tree seedlings with root systems and trunks. All seedlings cultivated in a nursery, regardless of their age, are called seedlings before they leave the nursery. During the planting and cultivation process of seedlings, seedling containers are needed for auxiliary cultivation.

[0003] Traditional seedling containers have problems such as water accumulation at the bottom that cannot be drained and soil compaction resulting in poor air permeability. The existing technology adopts the method of opening drainage holes at the bottom of the seedling container to increase air permeability, but this method can easily cause the water in the seedling container to lose too quickly. If a closed container is used, it is easy to cause water accumulation and rot of the roots. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a reasonable seedling container to achieve dynamic balance of soil moisture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a forestry seedling cultivation device to achieve soil moisture balance in a cultivation cylinder.

[0005] The present invention provides a forestry seedling cultivation device, including a cultivation cylinder, which is arranged in a cylindrical shape and has a spiral protruding guide strip on the inner wall; a water storage layer is provided at the lower 1 / 3 of the inner side of the cultivation cylinder, and the water storage layer includes a water storage cylinder, a support frame and a water-absorbing cotton net; the water storage cylinder is threadedly connected to the cultivation cylinder, the support frame is arranged in a honeycomb shape and circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the water storage cylinder, the water-absorbing cotton net is embedded in the support frame, and a water guide structure is provided below the water storage cylinder, and the water guide structure includes a water guide The cylinder body, the porous water guide plate and the volcanic rock particle layer, the water guide cylinder body is threadedly connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder body, the porous water guide plate is fixedly connected to the water storage cylinder body, the volcanic rock particle layer is located below the porous water guide plate, and a soil support net for supporting the seedling culture medium to be cultivated is fixedly sleeved in the cultivation cylinder body, the soil support net forms an inclination angle of 5-10° with the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder, and there is a gap between the soil support net and the porous water guide plate to form an air buffer chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the aperture of the porous water guide plate changes gradiently along the vertical direction, with the upper aperture being 0.5 mm and the lower aperture being 1.2 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the water storage cylinder is transparent, a transparent observation window is provided on the side wall of the cultivation cylinder, and water level scale lines are engraved on the surface of the observation window.

[0008] Preferably, the volcanic rock particle layer is stratified by particle size as follows: an upper layer of calcined volcanic rock particles with a particle size of 1mm-2mm, accounting for 40% of the layer thickness, coated with a diatomaceous earth coating; a middle layer of untreated volcanic rock with a particle size of 3mm-5mm, accounting for 35% of the layer thickness, with 0.1-0.3mm natural gaps between particles; and a lower layer of honeycomb volcanic rock with a particle size of 5mm-8mm, accounting for 25% of the layer thickness, with an internal porosity of 60% or greater. The particles in each layer are secured with a biodegradable adhesive.

[0009] Preferably, a breathable protective cover is threadedly connected to the top of the cultivation cylinder, and a wave-shaped breathable channel is provided in the breathable protective cover.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the water-guiding cylinder is closed, and an adjustment component is provided at the bottom of the water-guiding cylinder, and the adjustment component includes a concave frame and a rotating rod, the rotating rod passes through the water-guiding cylinder and is fixedly connected to the water-guiding cylinder, and the axis of the rotating rod is perpendicular to the axis of the water-guiding cylinder, both ends of the rotating rod pass through the concave frame and are fixedly connected with adjustment blocks, a threaded limiting hole is provided on the concave frame, a limiting cap is threadedly sleeved on the rotating rod, and the inner side wall of the limiting cap is provided with a spiral line matching the threaded limiting hole.

[0011] Preferably, the method for using the forestry seedling cultivation device includes the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: Assembling the device: fix the soil support net in the cultivation cylinder so that it forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder, thread the water storage cylinder to the bottom of the cultivation cylinder, embed a honeycomb support frame in the side wall of the water storage cylinder, insert the water-absorbing cotton net, thread the water guide cylinder to the bottom of the water storage cylinder, and horizontally fix the porous water guide plate in the water guide cylinder so that the volcanic rock particle layer covers the bottom of the porous water guide plate, and ensure that there is a distance between the top of the porous water guide plate and the soil support net to form the air buffer chamber;

[0013] Step S2: Water storage and water conduction control: Water is injected into the cultivation cylinder and the water level is observed. The water is conducted to the guide strips on the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder by the capillary action of the absorbent cotton mesh. The water flow rate is controlled by the gradient pore size of the porous water guide plate.

[0014] Step S3: medium loading and root guidance: the medium is spread on the soil support net so that the thickness of the medium reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the cultivation cylinder; the spiral structure of the guide strip is used to guide the roots of the seedlings to grow downward along the spiral path, forming contact water absorption with the water-absorbing cotton net;

[0015] Step S4: Maintenance operation: regularly monitor the water level through the transparent observation window, and when the water level drops to the lower limit of the scale line, replenish water in time.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: a forestry seedling cultivation device of the present invention, when in use, is filled with a culture medium in the soil support net, the seedlings to be cultivated are planted in the culture medium, and the water storage layer and the water guide structure are threadedly connected in sequence. When the seedlings are watered, excess water will flow back to the water storage layer through the spiral guide strip, and the adsorption sponge on the water storage layer will absorb the excess water to avoid water accumulation and root rot, and the adsorbed water will always maintain the humidity of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of the seedling roots, and the excess water will be discharged through the water guide structure to avoid root water accumulation and rot, and the air buffer cavity formed between the soil support net and the porous water guide plate will increase the oxygen exchange efficiency of the seedling roots by more than 40%, thereby improving the survival rate and growth status of the seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the water storage layer of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the porous water guide plate of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the spiral structure in the limiting cap of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the guide strip structure of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Cultivation cylinder; 2. Guide strip; 3. Water storage layer; 31. Water storage cylinder; 32. Support frame; 33. Water-absorbing cotton net; 4. Water guide structure; 41. Water guide cylinder; 42. Porous water guide plate; 43. Volcanic rock granular layer; 5. Soil support net; 6. Air buffer chamber; 7. Transparent observation window; 8. Water level scale line; 9. Breathable protective cover; 10. Breathable channel; 11. Adjustment component; 111. Concave frame; 112. Rotating rod; 113. Adjustment block; 114. Threaded limit hole; 115. Limit cap; 116. Spiral line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 7 In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0026] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. "Inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "far", "near", "front", "back" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. The drawings in the present invention are not drawn strictly according to the actual scale. The specific size and quantity of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in the present invention are only structural schematic diagrams.

[0027] The present invention provides a forestry seedling cultivation device, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes a cultivation cylinder 1, which is set to be cylindrical and has a spiral protruding guide strip 2 on the inner wall; a water storage layer 3 is set at the lower 1 / 3 of the inner side of the cultivation cylinder 1, and the water storage layer 3 includes a water storage cylinder 31, a support frame 32 and a water-absorbing cotton net 33. The water storage cylinder 31 is threadedly connected to the cultivation cylinder 1, and the support frame 32 is set to be honeycomb-shaped and circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the water storage cylinder 31. The water-absorbing cotton net 33 is embedded in the support frame 32. A water guide structure 4 is provided below the water storage cylinder 31, and the water guide structure 4 includes a water guide cylinder 41, A porous water guide plate 42 and a volcanic rock particle layer 43, the water guide cylinder 41 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder 31, the porous water guide plate 42 is fixedly connected to the water storage cylinder 31, the volcanic rock particle layer 43 is located below the porous water guide plate 42, and a soil supporting net 5 for supporting the seedling culture medium to be cultivated is fixedly sleeved in the cultivation cylinder 1. The soil supporting net 5 and the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder 1 have an inclination angle of 5-10°. There is a gap between the soil supporting net 5 and the porous water guide plate 42, forming an air buffer chamber 6.

[0028] When in use, the soil support net 5 is filled with culture medium, the seedlings to be cultivated are planted in the culture medium, and the water storage layer 3 and the water guide structure 4 are threadedly connected in sequence. When the seedlings are watered, excess water will flow back to the water storage layer 3 through the spiral guide strip 2. The adsorption sponge on the water storage layer 3 will absorb the excess water to prevent water accumulation and root rot. The adsorbed water will always maintain the humidity of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of the seedling roots. The excess water will be discharged through the water guide structure 4 to prevent root rot. The air buffer cavity 6 formed between the soil support net 5 and the porous water guide plate 42 increases the oxygen exchange efficiency of the seedling roots by more than 40%, thereby improving the survival rate and growth status of the seedlings.

[0029] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the aperture of the porous water guide plate 42 changes gradiently along the vertical direction, with the upper aperture being 0.5 mm and the lower aperture being 1.2 mm.

[0030] In this embodiment, the aperture of the porous water guide plate 42 changes gradiently along the vertical direction, achieving a balance between capillary force and gravity, so that the soil moisture content is stabilized at 25%-35%.

[0031] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the water storage cylinder 31 is transparent, and a transparent observation window 7 is opened on the side wall of the cultivation cylinder 1, and a water level scale line 8 is engraved on the surface of the observation window.

[0032] In this embodiment, the staff can monitor the water level changes inside the water storage cylinder 31 in real time through the transparent observation window 7 to prevent the roots from being soaked due to excessive water injection.

[0033] Preferably, Figures 1 and 2 As shown, the volcanic rock particle layer 43 is stratified by particle size: the upper layer comprises calcined volcanic rock particles with a particle size of 1mm-2mm, accounting for 40% of the layer thickness, and coated with a diatomaceous earth coating; the middle layer comprises untreated volcanic rock particles with a particle size of 3mm-5mm, accounting for 35% of the layer thickness, with 0.1-0.3mm natural gaps between particles; and the lower layer comprises honeycomb-shaped volcanic rock particles with a particle size of 5mm-8mm, accounting for 25% of the layer thickness, with an internal porosity of ≥60%. The particles in each layer are secured together with a biodegradable adhesive.

[0034] In this embodiment, by setting the volcanic rock particle layer 43 in a gradient, the upper layer preferentially absorbs moisture from the water storage layer 3, the middle layer balances the moisture diffusion rate, and the lower layer quickly discharges excess moisture, thereby achieving three-layer coordinated water conduction.

[0035] Preferably, Figures 1 and 2 As shown, a breathable protective cover 9 is threadedly connected to the top of the cultivation cylinder 1, and a wave-shaped breathable channel 10 is provided in the breathable protective cover 9.

[0036] In this embodiment, the wavy ventilation channel 10 forms a turbulent effect through aerodynamic design, allowing external air to enter the cylinder at a stable flow rate of 0.5-1.2 m / s, thereby preventing direct airflow from damaging the leaves of the seedlings.

[0037] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, an adjustment component 11 is provided at the bottom of the water-guiding cylinder 41. The adjustment component 11 includes a concave frame 111 and a rotating rod 112. The rotating rod 112 passes through the water-guiding cylinder 41 and is fixedly connected to the water-guiding cylinder 41. The axis of the rotating rod 112 is perpendicular to the axis of the water-guiding cylinder 41. Both ends of the rotating rod 112 pass through the concave frame 111 and are fixedly connected with adjustment blocks 113. A threaded limiting hole 114 is provided on the concave frame 111, and a limiting cap 115 is threadedly sleeved on the rotating rod 112. The inner side wall of the limiting cap 115 is provided with a spiral line 116 matching the threaded limiting hole 114.

[0038] In this embodiment, the device can adapt to various terrains such as slopes and depressions through the adjustment component 11 to prevent local water accumulation. When on a slope, the staff rotates the set adjustment block 113 to drive the set rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod will drive the water-guiding cylinder 41 to rotate so that it is perpendicular to the horizontal ground, avoiding local water accumulation in the cultivation cylinder 1.

[0039] The method of using the forestry seedling cultivation device of the present invention is as follows:

[0040] The soil support net 5 is fixed in the cultivation cylinder 1 so that it forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder 1. The water storage cylinder 31 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the cultivation cylinder 1, and a honeycomb support frame 32 is embedded in the side wall of the water storage cylinder 31, and a water-absorbing cotton net 33 is inserted. The water guide cylinder 41 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder 31, and a porous water guide plate 42 is fixed horizontally in the water guide cylinder 41 so that the volcanic rock particle layer 43 covers the bottom of the porous water guide plate 42. Ensure that there is a gap between the top of the porous water guide plate 42 and the soil support net 5 to form an air buffer chamber 6;

[0041] Water storage and water diversion control: water is poured into the cultivation cylinder 1 and the water level mark 8 is observed. The water is transferred to the inner wall guide strip 2 of the cultivation cylinder 1 by the capillary action of the absorbent cotton mesh 33. At the same time, the water flow rate is controlled by the gradient pore size of the porous water guide plate 42;

[0042] Culture medium loading and root guidance: Spread the culture medium on the soil support net 5 so that the thickness of the culture medium reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the cultivation cylinder 1; use the spiral structure of the guide strip 2 to guide the roots of the seedlings to grow downward along the spiral path, forming contact water absorption with the absorbent cotton net 33, and regularly monitor the water level through the transparent observation window 7. When the water level drops to the lower limit of the scale line, replenish water in time.

[0043] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forestry seedling cultivation device, characterized in that: include: The cultivation cylinder (1) is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and the inner wall is provided with a spiral protruding guide strip (2); A water storage layer (3) is arranged at the lower 1 / 3 of the inner side of the cultivation cylinder (1), and the water storage layer (3) comprises a water storage cylinder (31), a support frame (32) and a water-absorbing cotton net (33). The water storage cylinder (31) is threadedly connected to the cultivation cylinder (1), the support frame (32) is arranged in a honeycomb shape and circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the water storage cylinder (31), and the water-absorbing cotton net (33) is embedded in the support frame (32); A water guide structure (4) comprising a water guide cylinder (41), a porous water guide plate (42) and a volcanic rock particle layer (43), wherein the water guide cylinder (41) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder (31), the porous water guide plate (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the water storage cylinder (31), and the volcanic rock particle layer (43) is located below the porous water guide plate (42); A soil support net (5) is used to support the seedling culture medium to be cultivated, and is fixedly sleeved on the cultivation cylinder (1), forming an inclination angle of 5-10° with the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder (1). A gap exists between the soil support net (5) and the porous water guide plate (42), forming an air buffer chamber (6).

2. A forestry seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the porous water guide plate (42) changes in a gradient along the vertical direction, with the upper aperture being 0.5 mm and the lower aperture being 1.2 mm.

3. A forestry seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage cylinder (31) is transparent, and a transparent observation window (7) is provided on the side wall of the cultivation cylinder (1). A water level scale line (8) is engraved on the surface of the observation window.

4. A forestry seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volcanic rock particle layer (43) is specifically divided into layers according to particle size: the upper layer is calcined volcanic rock particles with a particle size of 1mm-2mm, accounting for 40% of the layer thickness, and the surface is coated with a diatomaceous earth coating; the middle layer is untreated volcanic rock with a particle size of 3mm-5mm, accounting for 35% of the layer thickness, and retaining a natural gap of 0.1-0.3mm between the particles; the lower layer is honeycomb volcanic rock with a particle size of 5mm-8mm, accounting for 25% of the layer thickness, and its internal porosity is ≥60%, and the particles in each layer are fixed by a biodegradable adhesive.

5. The forestry seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cultivation cylinder (1) is threadedly connected to a breathable protective cover (9), and a wave-shaped breathable passage (10) is provided in the breathable protective cover (9).

6. A forestry seedling cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting assembly (11) is provided at the bottom of the water guide cylinder (41), and the adjusting assembly (11) comprises a concave frame (111) and a rotating rod (112). The rotating rod (112) passes through the water guide cylinder (41) and is fixedly connected to the water guide cylinder (41), and the axis of the rotating rod (112) is perpendicular to the axis of the water guide cylinder (41). Both ends of the rotating rod (112) pass through the concave frame (111) and are fixedly connected to an adjusting block (113). A threaded limiting hole (114) is provided on the concave frame (111), and a limiting cap (115) is threadedly sleeved on the rotating rod (112). The inner side wall of the limiting cap (115) is provided with a spiral line (116) matching the threaded limiting hole (114).

7. A method for using the forestry seedling cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Step S1: Assembling the device: fixing the soil support net (5) in the cultivation cylinder (1) so that it forms an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees with the inner wall of the cultivation cylinder (1), threading the water storage cylinder (31) into the cultivation cylinder (1), and embedding a honeycomb support frame (32) in the side wall of the water storage cylinder (31), inserting the water-absorbing cotton net (33), threading the water guide cylinder (41) under the water storage cylinder (31), and horizontally fixing the porous water guide plate (42) in the water guide cylinder (41), so that the volcanic rock particle layer (43) covers the bottom of the porous water guide plate (42), and ensuring that there is a distance between the top of the porous water guide plate (42) and the soil support net (5) to form the air buffer chamber (6); Step S2: Water storage and water conduction control: water is injected into the cultivation cylinder (1) and the water level scale line (8) is observed. The water is conducted to the inner wall guide strip (2) of the cultivation cylinder (1) by the capillary action of the water-absorbing cotton net (33), and the water flow rate is controlled by the gradient aperture of the porous water guide plate (42); Step S3: culture medium loading and root guidance: the culture medium is spread on the soil support net (5) so that the thickness of the culture medium reaches 2 / 3 of the height of the cultivation cylinder (1); the spiral structure of the guide strip (2) is used to guide the roots of the seedlings to grow downward along the spiral path, forming contact water absorption with the water-absorbing cotton net (33).

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