Powder filling device of sheath for hot isostatic pressing and powder filling method and application of powder filling device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly discloses a powder filling device of a sheath for hot isostatic pressing and a powder filling method and application thereof.The powder filling device comprises a fixed carrying table, a powder supply mechanism, a first vibration mechanism and a second vibration mechanism, the fixed carrying table is provided with a plurality of containing barrels in an annular array mode, and the powder supply mechanism can rotate and has a powder monitoring function; the first vibration mechanism and the second vibration mechanism provide vibration in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction respectively. According to the powder filling method, powder filling is guaranteed to reach the standard through the steps of sheath placing and weighing, primary powder filling and preheating, secondary powder supplementing through vibration in the vertical direction, tertiary powder supplementing through vibration in the horizontal direction, weight verification iterative vibration and the like. When the device is applied to TiAl alloy blade preparation, multi-bag powder filling can be achieved at a time, a multi-dimensional vibration mode is formed, powder is fully compacted through vibration, the filling condition is monitored and controlled in real time, manual intervention is reduced, the powder filling efficiency and quality stability are remarkably improved, cost is reduced, the preparation period is shortened, and large-scale production of TiAl alloy blades is powerfully promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and in particular relates to a powder filling device for a bag used for hot isostatic pressing, a powder filling method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In high-end manufacturing industries such as aerospace, TiAl alloys, with their advantages of low density, excellent high-temperature strength, good creep resistance, and outstanding oxidation resistance, have become a new lightweight, high-temperature structural material with great potential to replace nickel-based high-temperature alloys. They show great application prospects, especially in the preparation of aviation blades. However, the intrinsic brittleness of this material at room temperature has limited its further large-scale application. In recent years, the development of powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing technology has provided an effective way to prepare high-performance TiAl alloy blades by eliminating macrosegregation and refining the structure. The can is a key container for holding metal powder, and the tap density of the powder inside it directly affects the final performance of the blade.

[0003] Currently, the powder filling process for TiAl alloy blades primarily relies on a traditional motor-driven vibration platform. This platform presents the following issues: First, it can only fill a single package at a time, making it difficult to meet the demands of industrial mass production and significantly limiting production efficiency. Second, it relies solely on vertical vibration, lacking auxiliary horizontal vibration, making it difficult to fully compact the powder. This requires manual hammering, which is not only inefficient but also easily causes package shifting, affecting powder uniformity. Third, the existing powder filling process lacks real-time monitoring and precise control, making it impossible to detect powder filling status in a timely manner, making it difficult to ensure that the powder in the package meets the preset weight and density requirements. This can lead to quality risks in subsequent parts due to undercompaction.

[0004] In summary, traditional powder loading methods severely hinder the large-scale production of TiAl alloy blades, resulting in unstable final product quality and high production costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new powder loading device and method to address the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0005] In view of this, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a powder filling device for a package for hot isostatic pressing, a powder filling method and an application thereof, which are mainly used to solve the problems of low production efficiency (single package filling), poor powder compaction effect (lack of horizontal vibration and reliance on manual hammering), and difficulty in precise control of filling conditions (no real-time monitoring means) in the existing TiAl alloy blade powder filling process. The present invention can achieve efficient powder filling in multiple packages and sufficient compaction of powder through multi-dimensional vibration. Through real-time monitoring and intelligent powder replenishment, it is ensured that the powder in the package reaches the preset weight and density requirements, thereby improving the production efficiency and product quality of TiAl alloy blades and promoting their large-scale engineering application.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a powder loading device for a bag for hot isostatic pressing, comprising:

[0009] A fixed carrier, on which a plurality of placement cylinders for mounting the sleeve are arranged in a circular array around the center;

[0010] A powder feeding mechanism, which has a rotating function and is arranged above the fixed carrier, is used to fill metal powder into the sleeve in any of the placement cylinders and monitor the filling status in real time;

[0011] a first vibration mechanism, disposed below the fixed platform and located at the bottom of the package, for vibrating and weighing the package in any one of the placement cylinders in a vertical direction;

[0012] The second vibration mechanism is arranged between the fixed carrier and the first vibration mechanism. The second vibration mechanism is circumferentially provided with telescopic hammer rods with the same number as the placement tubes. Each telescopic hammer rod is arranged corresponding to a placement tube, and is used to hammer and vibrate the sleeve in any of the placement tubes in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the placement tube includes a cylinder body, and two arc-shaped clamps are symmetrically arranged inside the cylinder body. Each arc-shaped clamp is rotatably connected to a screw with a handle, and the screw with a handle is also threadedly connected to the cylinder body. The placement tube is mainly used to fix the cylindrical sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the powder supply mechanism includes:

[0015] A fixed platform is arranged above the fixed carrier;

[0016] A material tank is arranged on the upper part of the fixed platform;

[0017] The powder conveying pipe consists of a vertical inlet section, an inclined middle section and a vertical outlet section, and the inlet section is connected to the outlet of the material tank;

[0018] an automatic valve installed on the outlet section;

[0019] The rotating platform is arranged at the lower part of the fixed platform, and its rotating output end is fixedly connected to the inlet section, and is used to drive the powder conveying pipe as a whole to rotate around the central axis of the inlet section so that the outlet section pipe mouth is aligned with any bag nozzle placed in the barrel.

[0020] Furthermore, the powder feeding mechanism also includes a heating element, which is embedded in the wall of the powder conveying pipe and is used to heat the metal powder transported in the pipe by heat conduction. The heating temperature is generally set at 40°C to 100°C to avoid powder oxidation and improve fluidity.

[0021] Furthermore, the powder supply mechanism also includes a powder flow monitor and a video monitor. Both the powder flow monitor and the video monitor are provided at the pipe mouth of the outlet section and are linked with the automatic valve (when the video monitor identifies that the powder sinking depth of the bag nozzle is greater than 2mm and lasts for 5 seconds, powder replenishment is triggered) for real-time monitoring of the filling situation.

[0022] Furthermore, the first vibration mechanism includes:

[0023] A base platform is arranged below the fixed platform;

[0024] Vibration tables, the number of which is the same as that of the placement cylinders and the positions of which correspond one to one, each of which is installed on the base platform;

[0025] Vibration motors, the number of which is the same as that of the vibration tables, are fixed on the base platform and connected to the corresponding vibration tables;

[0026] An electronic scale is installed on each vibration table to measure the weight of the corresponding package;

[0027] There are multiple elastic support members, which are evenly arranged at the bottom of the base platform.

[0028] Furthermore, the telescopic hammering rod in the second vibration mechanism is driven by a pneumatic device and is used to perform linear reciprocating hammering on the sleeve in the horizontal direction, and the head of the telescopic hammering rod is provided with a hammering head made of rubber.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for charging powder into a bag for hot isostatic pressing. The method is based on the above-mentioned powder charging device and comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Package placement and weighing initialization

[0031] A plurality of bags to be filled with metal powder are fixed in the placement cylinder of the fixed carrier respectively, and each bag is tared and returned to zero by the electronic scale of the first vibrating mechanism;

[0032] Step 2: Initial powder loading and preheating

[0033] The powder feeding mechanism's rotating table is used to align the powder delivery pipe outlet with the target bag's powder filling port. The heating element is then turned on to preheat the powder delivery pipe, and the automatic valve is activated to fill the bag with metal powder until it is initially full (i.e., the powder is filled until there is no visible gap at the bag's opening). Then, the powder feeding is stopped.

[0034] Step 3: Vertical vibration and secondary powder filling

[0035] The first vibration mechanism is activated to apply vertical vibration to the bag, and the powder filling status at the bag mouth is monitored simultaneously through the powder flow monitor and video monitor. When it is detected that the powder sinks and a gap is formed, the automatic valve is opened to replenish metal powder until the weight displayed on the electronic scale is stable and the bag reaches the second full state.

[0036] Step 4: Horizontal vibration and three times of powder replenishment

[0037] Start the second vibration mechanism to drive the telescopic hammer rod to hammer the bag in the horizontal direction, and simultaneously monitor the powder filling status at the bag mouth; when a gap is detected, add powder until the electronic scale shows a stable weight and the bag reaches the three-time full state;

[0038] Step 5: Weight Verification and Iterative Vibration

[0039] After completing three full batches, compare the actual weight measured by the electronic scale with the preset design weight: if the actual weight is lower than the design weight, repeat the vertical vibration in step 3 and the horizontal vibration in step 4 as well as the corresponding powder replenishment; if the actual weight reaches the design weight, terminate the powder loading process.

[0040] Furthermore, in step 3, the first vibration mechanism is generally set to have an excitation force of 80N to 100N and a frequency of 20Hz to 70Hz, which can be set specifically according to circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, in step 4, the hammering force of the second vibration mechanism is generally set to 25N to 50N, and the hammering cycle is 15 times / min to 50 times / min, which can be set specifically according to the situation.

[0042] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a TiAl alloy blade, wherein the TiAl alloy blade is prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process, and the powder packaging process thereof is based on the above-mentioned powder loading device;

[0043] The powder filling process of the package includes the following steps:

[0044] (a) The package is fixed in a placement cylinder of a fixed carrier, and the package is tare-weighed by an electronic scale of a first vibrating mechanism;

[0045] (b) filling the preheated TiAl alloy powder into the can through the powder feeding mechanism until the can is initially full;

[0046] (c) starting the first vibration mechanism to apply vertical vibration to the bag and replenishing the powder to a secondary full state;

[0047] (d) activating the second vibration mechanism to drive the telescopic hammer rod to hammer the bag in the horizontal direction and replenish the powder until it is three times full;

[0048] (e) Repeat the vibration and powder replenishing operations until the actual measured weight of the powder in the bag reaches the preset design weight.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. The powder filling device for hot isostatic pressing bags provided by the present invention can fill multiple bags with powder at one time by arranging multiple placement cylinders in a circular array on a fixed carrier, and cooperating with a rotatable powder feeding mechanism. Compared with the traditional single-bag filling method, the powder filling time is greatly reduced, meeting the needs of industrial mass production and significantly improving production efficiency.

[0051] 2. The powder-filling device for a hot isostatic pressing bag provided by the present invention utilizes a first vibration mechanism to provide vertical vibration, while a second vibration mechanism, including a telescopic hammering rod, provides horizontal hammering vibration. This creates a multi-dimensional vibration mode. Compared to traditional single vertical vibration, this allows for more thorough compaction of the powder within the bag. This eliminates the need for manual hammering, avoids bag deviation caused by manual operation, and ensures uniform powder filling. Furthermore, the rubber hammer head on the telescopic hammering rod ensures effective hammering while effectively preventing damage to the bag, thereby extending its service life.

[0052] 3. The powder-filling device for a hot isostatic pressing bag provided by the present invention uses a powder flow monitor and video monitor equipped with a powder feeding mechanism to monitor the powder filling status at the bag mouth in real time. Linked to an automatic valve, it can replenish metal powder in a timely manner if powder sinking and creating a gap are detected. Combined with real-time weighing on an electronic scale, weight verification and iterative vibration ensure that the powder in the bag meets the preset weight and density requirements, effectively eliminating the quality risk of uncompacted parts and improving product quality stability. Furthermore, the heating element in the powder feeding mechanism can preheat the metal powder, adapting to the powder filling requirements of powders with different characteristics, expanding the device's application range.

[0053] In summary, the present invention reduces manual intervention, improves powder loading efficiency and quality stability, reduces rework costs and labor costs caused by product quality problems, and greatly shortens the preparation cycle of the hot isostatic pressing sleeve by using the powder loading device, which helps promote the engineering large-scale production of TiAl alloy blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the powder loading device of the hot isostatic pressing bag of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a fixed carrier in the powder loading device of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tube placed in the fixed carrier of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the powder feeding mechanism in the powder loading device of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first vibration mechanism in the powder loading device of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the front view of the first vibration mechanism in the powder loading device of the present invention

[0062] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the second vibration mechanism in the powder loading device of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 Schematic bottom view of the second vibration mechanism in the powder loading device of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 9 This is a metallographic examination result of the can mouth after hot isostatic pressing after can powder filling using a powder filling device in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 10 This is a metallographic examination result of the can mouth after hot isostatic pressing, using a traditional method to complete can powder filling.

[0066] in:

[0067] 1 is a fixed platform; 11 is a placement cylinder; 12 is a limiting hole; 111 is a cylinder; 112 is an arc-shaped clamping plate; 113 is a screw with a handle;

[0068] 2 is the powder supply mechanism; 21 is the fixed platform; 22 is the material tank; 23 is the powder conveying pipe; 24 is the automatic valve; 25 is the rotating table; 26 is the heating element; 27 is the powder flow monitor; 28 is the video monitor; 231 is the inlet section; 232 is the middle section; 233 is the outlet section;

[0069] 3 is a first vibration mechanism; 31 is a base platform; 32 is a vibration table; 33 is a vibration motor; 34 is an electronic scale; 35 is an elastic support member;

[0070] 4 is a second vibration mechanism; 41 is a telescopic hammer rod; 42 is a pneumatic device; 43 is a hammer head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of arrangements consistent with certain aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0072] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0073] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a powder filling device for a bag for hot isostatic pressing, which mainly consists of a fixed carrier 1, a powder feeding mechanism 2, a first vibrating mechanism 3, and a second vibrating mechanism 4. The fixed carrier 1 is a disc-shaped structure, with a plurality of placement cylinders 11 arranged in a circular array around its center. Each placement cylinder 11 is installed with a bag for carrying the hot isostatic pressing process; the powder feeding mechanism 2 is located above the fixed carrier 1 and has the functions of rotation and heating. It can accurately locate each placement cylinder 11 during the rotation process to achieve the metal powder filling operation for all bags; the first vibrating mechanism 3 is located below the fixed carrier 1 and contacts the bottom of the bag, and is used to vibrate and weigh the bag in the placement cylinder 11 in the vertical direction; the second vibrating mechanism is arranged between the fixed carrier 1 and the first vibrating mechanism 3. It is circumferentially provided with telescopic hammer rods 41, the same number as the placement cylinders 11. Each telescopic hammer rod 41 is arranged corresponding to a placement cylinder 11, and is used to hammer and vibrate the bag in any placement cylinder 11 in the horizontal direction. Through the above structural setting, the powder loading device can complete the synchronous powder loading operation of multiple packages at one time, and use multi-dimensional vibration to ensure that the powder is fully compacted so that the density and weight of the powder in the package meet the preset process requirements.

[0074] Specifically, in the present invention, the fixed carrier 1 is a disc-shaped structure made of high-strength alloy material. The limiting hole 12 opened in the center cooperates with the positioning shaft at the top of the second vibration mechanism 4 to ensure that the second vibration mechanism 4 maintains stable concentricity during operation. With the axis of the limiting hole 12 as the reference, six placement cylinders 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference at 60° equal angles. Each placement cylinder 11 can achieve the locking of a cylindrical sleeve, such as Figure 2 As shown, the powder loading device provided by the present invention can complete the clamping of six bags at one time, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency.

[0075] like Figure 3 As shown, the placement barrel 11 of the present invention comprises a barrel body 111, within which are symmetrically mounted two curved clamping plates 112. Each curved clamping plate 112 is rotatably connected to a screw 113 with a handle via a bearing. The screw 113 with a handle is also threadedly connected to the barrel body 111. Once the sleeve is placed in the barrel body 111, rotating the screw 113 with a handle drives the two curved clamping plates 112 toward or away from each other, thereby locking or releasing the sleeve. To further enhance the locking effect, the side of the curved clamping plates 112 that contacts the sleeve is provided with a rubber protective layer.

[0076] In the present invention, the specific structure of the powder feeding mechanism 2 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, it includes a fixed platform 21 arranged above the fixed carrier 1, with a material tank 22 installed on the upper part of the fixed platform 21 and a powder conveying pipe 23 installed on the lower part. The powder conveying pipe 23 consists of a vertical inlet section 231, an inclined middle section 232 and a vertical outlet section 233, wherein the outlet of the material tank 22 passes through the fixed platform 21 and is movably connected to the inlet section 231 of the powder conveying pipe 23; a heating element 26 is provided in the wall of the middle section 232 of the powder conveying pipe 23 for heating the metal powder conveyed in the pipe by heat conduction; an automatic valve 24 is installed on the outlet section 233 of the powder conveying pipe 23, and a powder flow monitor 27 and a video monitor 28 are installed at the pipe mouth of the outlet section 233, which are linked to the automatic valve 24, for real-time monitoring of the filling status. In addition, a rotating table 25 is provided at the lower part of the fixed platform 21. The rotating output end of the rotating table 25 is fixedly connected to the inlet section 231, which is used to drive the powder conveying pipe 23 to rotate as a whole around the central axis of the inlet section 231, so that the outlet section 233 is aligned with the bag nozzle in any placement tube 11.

[0077] It should be noted that the fixed carrier 1 and the fixed platform 21 in the present invention can be fixed by brackets or frame structures to ensure the stability of the entire device. Specifically, a suitable support structure can be selected according to the actual installation scenario. For example, a high-strength metal bracket can be used to rigidly connect to the ground or the equipment base, or an integrated frame can be used to form a corresponding and independent support system between the fixed carrier 1 and the fixed platform 21. This ensures the stability of the fixed carrier 1 during vibration operation and guarantees the accuracy requirements of the powder supply mechanism 2 during the rotation and positioning process.

[0078] In the present invention, the structure of the first vibration mechanism 3 is as follows Figure 5 、 6 As shown, it includes a base platform 31 positioned below the fixed carrier 1. Made of a high-strength alloy, the base platform 31 is equipped with a number of vibration platforms 32, corresponding to the number of cylinders 11 placed on it. Each vibration platform 32 utilizes a split modular design for easy disassembly and maintenance. Each vibration platform 32 is equipped with a high-precision variable-frequency vibration motor 33, mounted on the bottom of the base platform 31 and securely connected to the base platform 31 via high-strength bolts. This provides stable and adjustable vibration frequency and amplitude. Each vibration platform 32 is also equipped with an electronic scale 34 for measuring the weight of the corresponding package. This scale 34 features high precision and sensitivity, enabling accurate and real-time measurement of package weight and transmitting the data to the control system. Furthermore, multiple elastic support members 35 are evenly distributed across the bottom of the base platform. These elastic support members 35 are constructed of rubber at both ends and connected by springs in the middle. These support members effectively vibrate the package in the vertical (axial) direction while minimizing any impact on external equipment, ensuring stability during operation.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the second vibration mechanism 4 is as follows: Figure 7 、 8 As shown, it includes a cylindrical pneumatic device 42, the bottom end of which is set on the base platform 31 of the first vibrating mechanism 3, and the positioning shaft at its top is embedded in the limiting hole 12 in the middle of the fixed carrier 1. In order to prevent the two from rotating relative to each other, multiple matching concave and convex structures can be set axially on the contact surface between the positioning shaft and the limiting hole 12. For example, three rectangular keys are set around the circumference of the positioning shaft, and corresponding keyways are opened on the inner wall of the limiting hole to form a keyway-type anti-rotation connection. Six telescopic hammer rods 41 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the pneumatic device 42. Each telescopic hammer rod 41 can be driven by the pneumatic device 42 to reciprocate and extend, and is used to perform linear reciprocating hammering on the package in the horizontal direction to achieve vibration compaction of the powder in the package.

[0080] Preferably, to prevent the telescopic hammer rod 41 from damaging the sheath surface, each telescopic hammer rod 41 is provided with a hammer head 43 made of a highly elastic rubber material at its head. The hammer head 43 is detachable and fixed to the telescopic hammer rod 41 via a threaded connection. The rubber material of the hammer head 43 has a hardness of Shore A60-70, which can provide sufficient hammering energy and effectively cushion the impact force, ensuring that the sheath surface quality is not damaged.

[0081] In addition, based on the above powder charging device, the present invention also provides a powder charging method for a hot isostatic pressing bag, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0082] Step 1: Package placement and weighing initialization

[0083] Six bags to be loaded with metal powder are fixed in the placement cylinder 11 of the fixed carrier 1 respectively. The electronic scale 34 of the first vibrating mechanism 3 is used to perform a tare and zero operation on each bag to ensure the accuracy of the initial weight data, laying the foundation for subsequent accurate powder loading;

[0084] Step 2: Initial powder loading and preheating

[0085] By manipulating the rotary table 25 of the powder feeding mechanism 2, the outlet section 233 of the powder conveying pipe 23 is aligned with the powder injection port of the target sleeve. The heating element 26 is first turned on to preheat the powder conveying pipe 23 and raise the temperature inside the pipe to the set temperature to prevent problems such as metal powder agglomeration due to temperature differences. The automatic valve 24 is then activated to fill the sleeve with metal powder at a preset filling rate until the sleeve reaches the initial full state, at which point powder feeding automatically stops.

[0086] Step 3: Vertical vibration and secondary powder filling

[0087] The first vibrating mechanism 3 is activated, and the vibration motor 33 applies vertical vibration to the bag with an excitation force of 80N to 100N and a frequency of 20Hz to 70Hz, thereby promoting the initial compaction of the metal powder in the bag. The powder flow monitor 27 and the video monitor 28 are simultaneously used to monitor the powder filling status at the bag mouth in real time. When a gap is detected due to powder sinking, the automatic valve 24 is promptly opened to replenish metal powder. Replenishment continues until the weight displayed on the electronic scale 34 is stable and the bag reaches a second full state, ensuring that the powder filling in the bag is more dense.

[0088] Step 4: Horizontal vibration and three times of powder replenishment

[0089] The second vibrating mechanism 4 is activated to drive the telescopic hammer rod 41 to perform linear reciprocating hammering on the bag in the horizontal direction. The hammering force applied is generally 25N to 50N, and the hammering cycle is 15 times / min to 50 times / min, so as to further compact the powder in the bag. The powder filling status at the bag mouth is continuously monitored simultaneously. Once a gap is detected, powder is immediately replenished. This cycle continues until the electronic scale 34 shows a stable weight and the bag reaches the three-time full state, further improving the powder filling density.

[0090] Step 5: Weight Verification and Iterative Vibration

[0091] After completing three full fillings, the bag weight measured by the electronic scale 34 is compared with the preset design weight: if the measured weight is lower than the design weight, the vertical vibration in step 3 and the horizontal vibration in step 4 as well as the corresponding powder filling operation are repeated until the measured weight reaches the design weight standard; if the measured weight reaches the design weight, the powder filling process is terminated to ensure that the metal powder filling amount of each bag meets the hot isostatic pressing process requirements.

[0092] In order to further verify the efficacy of the present invention, the inventors conducted the following specific experiments:

[0093] Example 1

[0094] In this embodiment, a certain type of TiAl alloy blade is produced using hot isostatic pressing technology. The pre-designed and manufactured package is loaded with powder using the above-mentioned powder loading device. The specific powder loading process is as follows:

[0095] 1) Preparation before powder loading: After checking and confirming that the powder loading device is correct, load sufficient TiAl alloy powder (greater than the theoretical design weight) into the material tank 22 of the powder feeding mechanism 2. The particle size of the TiAl alloy powder in the material tank 22 is 15-250μm and the weight is 30.00kg;

[0096] 2) Package installation and weighing initialization: The pre-designed package to be loaded with TiAl alloy powder is installed in the placement cylinder 11 of the fixed carrier 1. The powder loading device can place 6 packages for preparing TiAl alloy blades at a time. After placement, the package is locked by the placement cylinder 11. After the package is fixed, the powder conveying pipe 23 is adjusted by manipulating the rotating table 25 so that the outlet section 233 is aligned with the package mouth. At this time, the six electronic scales 34 display weights of 2.70kg, 2.71kg, 2.70kg, 2.72kg, 2.70kg, and 2.71kg respectively. Then, all electronic scales 34 are tared and reset to zero to ensure measurement accuracy.

[0097] 3) Initial Powder Loading: By manipulating the rotary table 25, the outlet section 233 of the powder conveying pipe 23 is aligned with the nozzle of each bag in the placement cylinder 11. The automatic valve 24 then controls the powder discharge. During the powder discharge process, the powder flow monitor 27 and video monitor 28 monitor the powder filling status at the bag nozzle in real time. When the bag is completely filled for the first time, the automatic valve 24 controls the powder discharge to stop. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 2.05kg, 2.10kg, 2.05kg, 2.10kg, 2.10kg, and 2.10kg respectively.

[0098] 4) Vertical vibration and secondary powder replenishment: After the package is completely filled for the first time, the first vibration mechanism 3 is turned on to generate vertical vibration. The excitation force during vibration is controlled to 100N and the frequency is 50Hz. The powder filling status at the package mouth is monitored by the powder flow monitor 27 and the video monitor 28. When it is detected that the powder has sunk and a gap has been formed, the automatic valve 24 is opened to replenish TiAl alloy powder until the package is completely filled for the second time. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 2.55kg, 2.60kg, 2.58kg, 2.62kg, 2.56kg, and 2.48kg respectively;

[0099] 5) Horizontal vibration and three powder replenishing: After the package is completely filled for the second time, the second vibration mechanism 4 is turned on to generate horizontal vibration. The hammer force during vibration is set to 25N, and the hammer cycle is 15 times / min. The powder filling status at the package mouth is monitored by the powder flow monitor 27 and the video monitor 28. When it is detected that the powder sinks and a gap is generated, the automatic valve 24 is opened to replenish TiAl alloy powder until the package is completely filled for the third time. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 3.10kg, 3.11kg, 3.12kg, 3.09kg, 3.10kg, and 3.11kg respectively;

[0100] 6) Weight verification and powder loading completion: After the third bag was completely filled, the theoretical design powder filling weight was 3.1±0.05kg. After the powder loading was completed, the weight of the six bags for preparing TiAl alloy blades met the requirements. The powder loading process was completed and the powder loading device stopped operating.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] This example also uses hot isostatic pressing technology to produce a certain type of TiAl alloy blade. The pre-designed and manufactured package is loaded with powder using the above-mentioned powder loading device to further verify the stability and reliability of the powder loading device under different production conditions. The specific powder loading process is as follows:

[0103] 1) Preparation before powder loading: After checking and confirming that the powder loading device is correct, load sufficient TiAl alloy powder (greater than the theoretical design weight) into the material tank 22 of the powder feeding mechanism 2. The particle size of the TiAl alloy powder in the material tank 22 is 15-250μm and the weight is 40.00kg;

[0104] 2) Package installation and weighing initialization: The pre-designed package to be loaded with TiAl alloy powder is installed in the placement cylinder 11 of the fixed carrier 1. The powder loading device can place 6 packages for preparing TiAl alloy blades at a time. After placement, the package is locked by the placement cylinder 11. After the package is fixed, the powder conveying pipe 23 is adjusted by manipulating the rotating table 25 so that the pipe opening of the outlet section 233 is aligned with the package mouth. At this time, the weights displayed on the six electronic scales 34 are 2.65kg, 2.70kg, 2.70kg, 2.68kg, 2.71kg, and 2.68kg respectively. Then, all the electronic scales 34 are tared and reset to zero to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.

[0105] 3) Initial powder loading: By manipulating the rotary table 25, the outlet section 233 of the powder conveying pipe 23 is aligned with the nozzle of each sleeve in the placement barrel 11. The heating element 26 is activated to heat the powder conveying pipe 23. The heating temperature is set to 50°C (adjusted according to the powder characteristics to optimize powder flowability). Once the temperature reaches the target and stabilizes, the automatic valve 24 controls the powder discharge. During the powder discharge process, the powder flow monitor 27 and video monitor 28 monitor the powder filling status at the sleeve nozzle in real time. When the sleeve is completely filled for the first time, the automatic valve 24 controls the powder discharge to stop. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 2.10kg, 2.05kg, 2.10kg, 2.08kg, 2.11kg, and 2.06kg respectively.

[0106] 4) Vertical vibration and secondary powder replenishment: After the package is completely filled for the first time, the first vibration mechanism 3 is turned on to generate vertical vibration. The excitation force during vibration is controlled to 90N and the frequency is 60Hz. The powder filling status at the package mouth is monitored by the powder flow monitor 27 and the video monitor 28. When it is detected that the powder has sunk and a gap has been formed, the automatic valve 24 is opened to replenish TiAl alloy powder until the package is completely filled for the second time. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 2.50kg, 2.48kg, 2.51kg, 2.46kg, 2.51kg, and 2.49kg respectively;

[0107] 5) Horizontal vibration and three powder replenishing: After the package is completely filled for the second time, the second vibration mechanism 4 is turned on to generate horizontal vibration. The hammer force during vibration is set to 30N, and the hammer cycle is 20 times / min. The powder filling status at the package mouth is monitored by the powder flow monitor 27 and the video monitor 28. When it is detected that the powder sinks and a gap is generated, the automatic valve 24 is opened to replenish TiAl alloy powder until the package is completely filled for the third time. At this time, the corresponding weights displayed on the electronic scale 34 are 3.08kg, 3.10kg, 3.09kg, 3.11kg, 3.09kg, and 3.10kg respectively;

[0108] 6) Weight Verification and Powder Filling Completion: After the third bag was completely filled, the theoretical design powder filling weight was 3.10±0.05kg. After the powder filling was completed, the weights of all six bags met the requirements and the deviation was within the allowable range. This proves that the powder filling device can still ensure the stability of powder filling quality under different parameter settings. The powder filling process is completed and the powder filling device stops operating.

[0109] Comparative Example

[0110] This comparative example also uses hot isostatic pressing technology to prepare a certain type of TiAl alloy blade. In contrast to Example 2, this comparative example uses a traditional powder filling method to fill the sleeve: TiAl alloy powder with a particle size of 15 to 250 μm is poured into a pre-designed sleeve in a natural fall manner. After the first filling, the side wall of the sleeve is manually knocked with a rubber hammer to promote powder sedimentation, and then a second powder filling is performed; the above-mentioned "powder filling-knocking-powder filling" cycle is repeated until the powder no longer sinks at the sleeve mouth after being knocked by the rubber hammer, reaching an apparent full material state.

[0111] After the powder loading is completed, the sleeves filled with TiAl alloy powder in the comparative example, Example 1 and Example 2 are simultaneously placed in a hot isostatic pressing device for processing. Under the synergistic effect of high temperature and high pressure, the powder in the sleeve undergoes a compaction and densification process. After testing, the density of the TiAl alloy blades treated with the powder loading device of the present invention in Example 1 and Example 2 is stable and reaches more than 99.99%. The metallographic test results at the sleeve mouth are as follows: Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the microstructure is uniform and free of pores, which fully verifies that the product has achieved complete density, meeting the strict material density standards of high-performance aircraft engine blades, and significantly improving the mechanical properties and service reliability of the blades. In contrast, the metallographic test results of the sleeve nozzle of the TiAl alloy blade made by the traditional powder filling process after hot isostatic pressing are as follows: Figure 10 As shown, there are obvious loose areas and uncompacted pores, indicating that the traditional powder filling method is difficult to ensure uniform and dense filling of powder, resulting in quality defects in the final part.

[0112] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0113] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above description and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A powder loading device for a hot isostatic pressing bag, characterized in that: include: A fixed carrier (1), wherein a plurality of placement cylinders (11) for mounting the sleeve are arranged in a circular array around the center of the fixed carrier (1); A powder feeding mechanism (2), the powder feeding mechanism (2) having a rotation function and being arranged above the fixed carrier (1), is used to fill metal powder into the sheath in any of the placement cylinders (11) and monitor the filling status in real time; A first vibration mechanism (3) is provided below the fixed carrier (1) and at the bottom of the package, and is used to vibrate and weigh the package in any one of the placement cylinders (11) in a vertical direction; The second vibration mechanism (4) is arranged between the fixed carrier (1) and the first vibration mechanism (3). The second vibration mechanism (4) is provided with telescopic hammer rods (41) along the circumference, the number of which is the same as the number of the placement tubes (11). Each of the telescopic hammer rods (41) is provided corresponding to a placement tube (11) and is used to perform hammer vibration on the sleeve in any of the placement tubes (11) in the horizontal direction.

2. The powder loading device for the hot isostatic pressing bag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder supply mechanism (2) comprises: A fixed platform (21) is arranged above the fixed carrier (1); A material tank (22) is arranged on the upper part of the fixed platform (21); A powder conveying pipe (23) is composed of a vertical inlet section (231), an inclined middle section (232), and a vertical outlet section (233), wherein the inlet section (231) is connected to the outlet of the material tank (22); An automatic valve (24) installed on the outlet section (233); The rotating platform (25) is arranged at the lower part of the fixed platform (21), and its rotating output end is fixedly connected to the inlet section (231) and is used to drive the powder conveying pipe (23) to rotate as a whole around the central axis of the inlet section (231) so that the outlet section (233) is aligned with the bag nozzle in any placement cylinder (11).

3. The powder loading device for the hot isostatic pressing bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: The powder feeding mechanism (2) further comprises a heating element (26), wherein the heating element (26) is embedded in the wall of the powder conveying pipe (23) and is used for heating the metal powder conveyed in the pipe by heat conduction.

4. The powder loading device for the hot isostatic pressing bag according to claim 2, characterized in that: The powder supply mechanism (2) further comprises a powder flow monitor (27) and a video monitor (28). Both the powder flow monitor (27) and the video monitor (28) are provided at the pipe mouth of the outlet section (233) and are linked with the automatic valve (24) for real-time monitoring of the filling status.

5. The powder loading device for the hot isostatic pressing bag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vibration mechanism (3) comprises: A base platform (31) is arranged below the fixed carrier (1); Vibration tables (32), the number of which is the same as that of the placement cylinders (11) and the positions thereof correspond one to one, and each vibration table (32) is mounted on the base platform (31); Vibration motors (33), the number of which is the same as that of the vibration tables (32), are fixed on the base platform (31) and connected to the corresponding vibration tables (32); An electronic scale (34) is provided on each vibration table (32) for measuring the weight of the corresponding package; Elastic support members (35), wherein the elastic support members (35) are multiple and evenly arranged at the bottom of the base platform (31).

6. The powder loading device for the hot isostatic pressing bag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic hammer rod (41) in the second vibration mechanism (4) is driven by a pneumatic device (42) and is used to perform linear reciprocating hammering on the sleeve in a horizontal direction, and the head of the telescopic hammer rod (41) is provided with a hammer head (43) made of rubber.

7. A method for filling powder into a bag for hot isostatic pressing, characterized in that: The powder loading method is based on the powder loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Package placement and weighing initialization A plurality of packages to be filled with metal powder are fixed in the placement cylinder (11) of the fixed carrier (1), and each package is tared and returned to zero using the electronic scale (34) of the first vibration mechanism (3); Step 2: Initial powder loading and preheating The outlet section (233) of the powder conveying pipe (23) is aligned with the target bag powder injection port through the rotating table (25) of the powder feeding mechanism (2); the heating element (26) is then turned on to preheat the powder conveying pipe (23); the automatic valve (24) is activated to fill the bag with metal powder until it is initially full, and then the powder feeding is stopped; Step 3: Vertical vibration and secondary powder filling The first vibration mechanism (3) is activated to apply vertical vibration to the bag, and the powder filling condition at the bag mouth is monitored synchronously through the powder flow monitor (27) and the video monitor (28); when it is detected that the powder sinks and a gap is generated, the automatic valve (24) is opened to replenish the metal powder until the electronic scale (34) shows that the weight is stable and the bag reaches a secondary full state; Step 4: Horizontal vibration and three times of powder replenishment The second vibration mechanism (4) is activated to drive the telescopic hammer rod (41) to hammer the bag in the horizontal direction, and the powder filling condition at the bag mouth is monitored simultaneously; when a gap is detected, powder is added until the electronic scale (34) shows a stable weight and the bag reaches a three-fold full state; Step 5: Weight Verification and Iterative Vibration After completing three full fillings, compare the actual weight measured by the electronic scale (34) with the preset design weight: if the actual weight is lower than the design weight, repeat the vertical vibration of step 3 and the horizontal vibration of step 4 and the corresponding powder filling; if the actual weight reaches the design weight, terminate the powder filling process.

8. The powder filling method for hot isostatic pressing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the first vibration mechanism (3) is set with an excitation force of 80N to 100N and a frequency of 20Hz to 70Hz.

9. The method for filling powder into a bag for hot isostatic pressing according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, the hammering force of the second vibration mechanism (4) is set to 25N to 50N, and the hammering cycle is 15 times / min to 50 times / min.

10. A TiAl alloy blade, characterized in that: The TiAl alloy blade is prepared by a hot isostatic pressing process. When the TiAl alloy blade is prepared by the hot isostatic pressing process, the powder packaging process is based on the powder loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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