Double-layer laminated glass, preparation method and photovoltaic glass assembly

Abstract

The invention provides double-layer laminated glass, a preparation method and a photovoltaic glass assembly. The double-layer laminated glass comprises a protective glass layer, the bonding layer is attached to the protective glass layer; and the coated glass layer is formed on the bonding layer. The photovoltaic glass assembly obtained based on the double-layer laminated glass comprises a front plate which is the double-layer laminated glass; the battery piece is formed on the front plate; the back plate is formed on the battery piece; and the junction box is electrically connected with the battery piece. The double-layer laminated glass is light, thin, high in light transmittance and high in abrasion resistance through a compact multi-layer structure, and when the double-layer laminated glass is used for a photovoltaic glass assembly, the photovoltaic glass assembly can effectively absorb sunlight, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of glass manufacturing, and in particular to a double-layer laminated glass and a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic glass assembly. Background Art

[0002] Glass manufacturing is trending towards thinness, high light transmittance, and high wear resistance. This is particularly true for photovoltaic glass modules. Solar cells, the core component of photovoltaic glass modules, are extremely thin and easily damaged, requiring high-strength glass protection without compromising solar absorption. Commonly used protective glass is aluminosilicate glass coated with an absorbent film, but this is too thick and easily scratched during use, which can wear away the absorbent film and hinder optimal utilization of sunlight. Summary of the Invention

[0003] A technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a glass that is light, thin, highly transmittance, and highly wear-resistant, and when the glass is used in a photovoltaic glass assembly, the photovoltaic glass assembly can effectively absorb sunlight and extend its service life.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a double-layer laminated glass, which includes a protective glass layer; an adhesive layer adhered to the protective glass layer; and a coated glass layer formed on the adhesive layer.

[0005] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer is an optical adhesive.

[0006] In some embodiments, the protective glass layer is formed by physically tempering or chemically tempering ordinary glass.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coated glass layer includes a normal glass layer, multiple silicon oxide layers, and multiple niobium oxide layers; the multiple silicon oxide layers and the multiple niobium oxide layers are formed on the normal glass layer, and the normal glass layer is formed on the adhesive layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, silicon oxide layers and niobium oxide layers are alternately arranged.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective glass layer ranges from 1.8 to 2 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness of the coated glass layer ranges from 0.7 to 1.1 mm.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic glass assembly obtained based on the above-mentioned double-layer laminated glass, the photovoltaic glass assembly including: a front panel, which is a double-layer laminated glass; a cell formed on the front panel; a back panel, which is formed on the cell; and a junction box, which is electrically connected to the cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cell is formed on the coated glass layer of double-layer laminated glass.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing double-layer laminated glass, the method comprising the following steps: forming a protective glass layer; forming an adhesive layer on the protective glass layer; and forming a coated glass layer on the adhesive layer.

[0014] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the double-layer laminated glass provided by the present disclosure adopts a multi-layer structure, using an adhesive layer to bond the protective glass layer and the coated glass layer. When in use, the protective glass layer is on the outside, effectively protecting the internal structure of the double-layer laminated glass. The inner coated glass layer is made of a highly light-transmitting material, effectively ensuring the light transmission performance of the double-layer laminated glass. The compact structure greatly reduces the thickness while maintaining excellent performance, which is in line with the trend of glass manufacturing and production. In addition, the use of double-layer laminated glass as the front panel of photovoltaic glass modules, with its light weight, high light transmittance, and wear resistance, enhances the service life of photovoltaic glass modules and the photoelectric conversion effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of double-layer laminated glass disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic glass assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing double-layer laminated glass disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Coated glass layer; 2. Adhesive layer; 3. Protective glass layer; 4. Double-layer laminated glass; 51. Back panel; 52. Packaging material; 53. Solar cell; 54. Junction box; 55. Frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following embodiments of the present disclosure are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following examples and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather includes all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

[0022] The present disclosure provides these embodiments in order to make this disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means greater than or equal to two; terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of this disclosure, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Perpendicular" does not mean perpendicular in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar terms mean that the elements preceding the term include the elements listed after the term, and do not exclude the possibility of also including other elements.

[0025] It should also be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0026] All terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in, for example, common dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or highly formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0027] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0028] The present invention designs a double-layer laminated glass 4 for the purpose of lightness, high strength and high light transmittance. Figure 1 The double-layer laminated glass 4 includes a protective glass layer 3, an adhesive layer 2, and a coated glass layer 1 in sequence. The protective glass layer 3 is provided at the bottom layer, and plays a role in resisting wear and tear, preventing breakage, enhancing the strength of the entire glass, and protecting it. The adhesive layer 2 is attached to the protective glass layer 3. The adhesive layer 2 is used to bond the protective glass layer 3 to the coated glass layer 1, thereby playing a fixing role. In order to enhance the light transmittance of the double-layer laminated glass 4, the adhesive layer 2 can be filled with a material with good light transmittance. The coated glass layer 1 is formed on the adhesive layer 2. The main function of coated glass is to achieve a good light transmittance effect, and it is prepared using an anti-reflective coating liquid with good light transmittance.

[0029] In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 2 is an optical adhesive. Optical adhesive (OCA) is filled between the protective glass layer 3 and the coated glass layer 1. Due to its high transparency, strong adhesion, and durability, it enhances the structural stability and excellent light transmittance of the entire double-layer laminated glass 4. Optical adhesive has a refractive index close to that of glass, PC (polycarbonate), and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Long-term use will not cause yellowing, aging, fogging, detachment from the adhered surface, or the formation of bubbles. The adhesive layer 2 can have a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and should be as light and thin as possible while ensuring adhesion.

[0030] In some embodiments, the protective glass layer 3 is formed by physical or chemical tempering of ordinary glass. The protective glass layer 3 is a special glass that improves safety properties such as impact resistance, explosion resistance, and bullet resistance through physical or chemical strengthening means, and must meet certain mechanical strength and rupture safety. Among them, shattering safety is to avoid injury from sharp fragments after rupture, so that the surface is blunt-angled particles or maintains integrity. The mechanical strength is a surface stress ≥ 100MPa (ordinary glass is only 20-30MPa), and it can withstand the impact of a steel ball (such as a 1040g steel ball 1m free fall without breaking). When it is necessary to prepare a protective glass layer 3 with a larger area, a protective glass layer 3 obtained by physical tempering can be used. When ordinary flat glass is heated in a heating furnace to a temperature close to the softening temperature of the glass (such as 600°C), the internal stress is eliminated through its own deformation, and then the glass is removed from the heating furnace, and high-pressure cold air is blown to both sides of the glass with a multi-head nozzle to make it quickly and evenly cool to room temperature.

[0031] In addition, in order to achieve lightness and thinness, the thickness of the protective glass layer 3 is limited to 1.8 to 2 mm.

[0032] In some embodiments, the coated glass layer 1 includes a normal glass layer, multiple silicon oxide layers, and multiple niobium oxide layers. The coated glass layer 1 uses surface coating to reduce light reflection and increase light transmittance based on the optical interference effect. Multiple silicon oxide layers and multiple niobium oxide layers are formed on the normal glass layer, which is then formed on the adhesive layer 2. Specifically, the normal glass layer serves as a base layer bonded to the adhesive layer 2, with multiple silicon oxide layers and multiple niobium oxide layers disposed thereon. In the coated glass layer 1, a dielectric film with a refractive index between that of air and the normal glass layer is coated on the surface of the normal glass layer. This optical path difference is used to offset reflected light, and the multilayer film system achieves enhanced transmittance across a wide spectrum or at specific wavelengths. To achieve a better enhanced transmittance, the silicon oxide layers and niobium oxide layers can be alternately arranged, and the thickness of each silicon oxide layer and niobium oxide layer can be adjusted to achieve optimal light transmittance for the coated glass layer 1.

[0033] Furthermore, to achieve lightweight and thinness, the thickness of the coated glass layer 1 is limited to a range of 0.7 to 1.1 mm. In this embodiment, the coated glass layer 1 is 2 mm thick, and the protective glass layer 3 is 1.1 mm thick. The coated glass layer 1 comprises a layer of ordinary glass, three silicon oxide layers, and two niobium oxide layers disposed thereon. The first layer is an ordinary glass sheet, the second layer is a 46.61 nm silicon oxide layer, the third layer is an 11.86 nm niobium oxide layer, the fourth layer is a 44.01 nm silicon oxide layer, the fifth layer is a 114.49 nm niobium oxide layer, and the sixth layer is an 87.32 nm silicon oxide layer.

[0034] Photovoltaic glass modules are core components of solar power generation systems and must withstand dust, salt, sand, wind, snow, hail, humidity, condensation and evaporation of moisture, air pollution, daily and seasonal temperature changes, and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light. Their structural design directly affects their photoelectric conversion efficiency, durability, and environmental adaptability. Figure 2 Photovoltaic glass components generally include a front panel, solar cells 53, a back panel 51, a frame 55 and a junction box 54, supplemented by packaging materials 52. A cell 53 is provided between the front panel and the back panel 51, and they are bonded to each other by packaging materials 52 (EVA / POE) to protect the cell from mechanical and moisture damage. The back panel 51 plays the role of insulation, moisture-proofing, and protecting the back of the cell 53. The junction box 54 is electrically connected to the cell 53, and can be connected to other devices at the same time to extend the function of the cell 53 and make full use of the photovoltaic effect of the cell 53. The frame 55 is provided at the edge of the above-mentioned main components to enhance the mechanical strength and facilitate installation and fixation. A drainage trough needs to be designed to prevent water accumulation.

[0035] Among them, the battery cell 53 is a thin sheet of about 200um, which is very easy to break. In order to ensure its service life of 25 years or even longer, it is necessary to rely on the outer protective glass, that is, the front panel. The front panel is arranged in front of the battery cell 53. As the medium for sunlight to enter the battery cell 53, the front panel needs to have good light transmission and protection performance. At present, the front panel often uses tempered glass or silicon aluminum glass with a thickness of 3.2 to 4.0mm. Tempered glass is made of low-iron ultra-white tempered glass, and the outer layer of silicon aluminum glass is coated with an absorption film. It can be seen that not only is its thickness relatively thick, which affects the absorption of solar energy, but the front panel structure is not compact and the surface is easily worn, which in turn affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic glass assembly.

[0036] To solve the above problem, please refer to Figure 2 This application utilizes the aforementioned double-layer laminated glass 4 as the front panel. Specifically, one side of the coated glass layer 1 is bonded to the solar cell 53 via encapsulation material 52. This arrangement ensures high light transmittance, mechanical strength, and durability for the integrated photovoltaic glass assembly. Compared to previous front panels, this design offers enhanced durability and significantly reduced thickness due to its compact structure and UV resistance. Furthermore, the material and dimensions minimize light reflection, improving light absorption efficiency and providing strong practicality.

[0037] In terms of future research directions of photovoltaic glass substrates, such as backboard-free design and lightweight components, the double-layer laminated glass 4 proposed in this application achieves a balance between efficiency, life and cost through a multi-level structural design, and can also have good applicability.

[0038] Also, see Figure 3The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the double-layer laminated glass 4, which includes the following steps S1 to S3.

[0039] Step S1: forming a protective glass layer 3.

[0040] The protective glass layer 3 can be formed by physical tempering or chemical tempering of ordinary glass. Select high-quality photovoltaic glass substrates of specific specifications, and perform pre-treatment steps such as double-sided grinding, cleaning and drying to ensure that the surface of the ordinary glass layer is free of impurities and defects. Pay attention to monitoring temperature changes during the tempering process to ensure that the glass is evenly heated so that the glass obtains higher strength and stability. After tempering and hardening, the outermost layer is placed for protection, which can effectively reduce the yellowing, cracking and other phenomena caused by environmental factors such as wind and sun. During physical tempering, ordinary flat glass can be heated in a heating furnace to a temperature close to the softening temperature of the glass (such as 600°C), and the internal stress is eliminated through its own deformation. The glass is then removed from the heating furnace, and high-pressure cold air is blown to both sides of the glass with a multi-head nozzle to make it cool quickly and evenly to room temperature. In chemical tempering, silicate glass containing alkali metal ions is immersed in molten lithium (Li + ) salt, so that the Na + or K + Ions and Li + Ions are exchanged and Li is formed on the surface + Ion exchange layer, due to Li + The expansion coefficient is less than that of Na + , K + ions, which causes the outer layer to shrink less and the inner layer to shrink more during the cooling process. When cooled to room temperature, the glass is in a state where the inner layer is stretched and the outer layer is compressed, and the product can be obtained.

[0041] Step S2 : forming an adhesive layer 2 on the protective glass layer 3 .

[0042] The adhesive layer 2 must have a uniform thickness to ensure uniform spacing between the protective glass layer 3 and the coated glass layer 1, thus avoiding stress concentration. Furthermore, the surface of the adhesive layer 2 should be smooth, free of wrinkles, bubbles, or impurities, non-yellowing, and exhibit high transmittance. Optical adhesive or similar materials can be used for the adhesive layer 2, and it should exhibit good light transmittance and adhesion.

[0043] Step S3: forming the coated glass layer 1 on the adhesive layer 2.

[0044] During the formation process, the stability and consistency of the thickness of the coated glass must be ensured. The coated glass layer 1 can be prepared in advance and then bonded to the adhesive layer 2, or the coated glass can be prepared directly on the adhesive layer 2. The coated glass layer 1 can be made of anti-reflective optical glass. For example, the visible light transmittance of conventional glass is 91%, while the transmittance of anti-reflective optical glass can reach 95%, which can effectively increase transmittance by receiving sunlight. Alternatively, a multi-layer structure can be adopted, in which multiple silicon oxide layers and multiple niobium oxide layers are formed on an ordinary glass layer, and the ordinary glass layer is formed on the adhesive layer 2. In addition, the silicon oxide layer and the niobium oxide layer can be arranged alternately. Multi-layer coating not only has excellent light transmittance and mechanical strength, but its double-layer coating structure can give it more functional properties, such as heat insulation and UV protection. In addition, due to the uniform and consistent thickness of the film layer, the optical properties of the glass are more stable, improving the overall quality of the product.

[0045] Throughout the entire preparation process, it is necessary to ensure that each layer is uniform and continuous, and that each layer is well bonded. Depending on how the double-layer laminated glass 4 is used, each layer can have different thicknesses. For example, when the double-layer laminated glass 4 is used as the front panel of a photovoltaic glass assembly, the thickness of the protective glass layer 3 ranges from 1.8 to 2 mm, the thickness of the coated glass layer 1 ranges from 0.7 to 1.1 mm, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 2 ranges from 0.1 to 0.3 mm. This preparation method is easy to implement, with simple processes and convenient operation, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0046] Thus far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein.

[0047] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, as long as there are no structural conflicts, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A double-layer laminated glass, characterized in that: include: protective glass layer (3); an adhesive layer (2) attached to the protective glass layer (3); as well as A coated glass layer (1) is formed on the adhesive layer (2).

2. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive layer (2) is optical glue.

3. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective glass layer (3) is formed by physically or chemically toughening ordinary glass.

4. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coated glass layer (1) comprises an ordinary glass layer, a plurality of silicon oxide layers and a plurality of niobium oxide layers; the plurality of silicon oxide layers and the plurality of niobium oxide layers are formed on the ordinary glass layer, and the ordinary glass layer is formed on the adhesive layer (2).

5. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 4, characterized in that: The silicon oxide layers and the niobium oxide layers are alternately arranged.

6. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the protective glass layer (3) ranges from 1.8 to 2 mm.

7. The double-layer laminated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the coated glass layer (1) ranges from 0.7 to 1.1 mm.

8. A photovoltaic glass assembly obtained based on the double-layer laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic glass assembly comprises: A front panel, the front panel being the double-layer laminated glass (4); A battery cell (53) formed on the front plate; a back plate (51) formed on the battery cell (53); and A junction box (54) is electrically connected to the battery cell (53).

9. The photovoltaic glass assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cell sheet (53) is formed on the coated glass layer (1) of the double-layer laminated glass (4).

10. A method for preparing double-layer laminated glass, characterized in that: The steps include: forming a protective glass layer (3); forming an adhesive layer (2) on the protective glass layer (3); A coated glass layer (1) is formed on the adhesive layer (2).

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