Novel rubber dam framework material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a novel rubber dam framework material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of rubber dam materials.The novel rubber dam framework material comprises, by mass, 25-30% of an anti-tear layer and 70-75% of a self-repairing rubber layer; the anti-tear layer is of a grid structure formed by weaving 60-70% of fibers and 30-40% of steel wires in a staggered mode according to the mass fraction of the anti-tear layer, and the self-repairing rubber layer is prepared from 90-95 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 3-5 parts of cross-linking agent, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of stearic acid, 25-35 parts of carbon black and 15-20 parts of thermoplastic elastomer according to the mass fraction of the self-repairing rubber layer. The rubber dam framework material provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength, light weight and tear expansion resistance, the tear resistance of the rubber dam can be obviously improved, and the service life of the rubber dam can be obviously prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rubber dam materials, and in particular to a novel rubber dam skeleton material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rubber dams, as important hydraulic engineering structures, are widely used in various fields, including water flow regulation, flood control, irrigation, and power generation. In waters with turbulent currents, large amounts of floating debris, or the risk of sabotage (such as accidental ship collisions), sand and gravel in the water can damage the rubber dam's bagging. Rubber dams used in important water conservancy hubs, near waterways, in areas with high and low tides, and in military areas, for example, may be exposed to the risk of military exercises or accidental impacts. In waters near waterways, passing ships may pose a collision threat to the rubber dam. Rubber dams face increased risks when used in areas prone to natural disasters, such as areas where floods carry large amounts of sharp debris. Existing rubber dams primarily use EPDM rubber as the primary rubber. Wear resistance is enhanced by adding a reinforcing agent, carbon black, or by varying the type of carbon black. However, the amount of carbon black in rubber is limited, and the dispersion of ultra-high-wear-resistant reinforcing carbon black in EPDM is poor. Therefore, these methods cannot meet the high wear resistance requirements of rubber dam cover rubber.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN111218068A discloses a formula and preparation process for highly wear-resistant graphene-containing rubber dams and air shield dams. The formula comprises the following raw materials, in parts by weight: 100 parts rubber, 4-8 parts zinc oxide, 20-35 parts paraffin oil, 15-30 parts reinforcing agent, 6-8 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.5-1.5 parts sulfur, and 2-4 parts triallyl isocyanurate. The preparation process includes mixing, mixing, refining, rolling, vulcanization, and testing. Rubber dams and air shield dams produced using this inventive formula exhibit strong wear resistance and excellent physical and mechanical properties.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned rubber dams are prone to local tearing under extreme water flow impact, floating object collision or long-term stress, leading to structural failure. There is a lack of effective blocking design for the tear propagation path, and local damage can easily expand into overall destruction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rubber dam skeleton material that has high strength, light weight, and tear resistance, which can significantly improve the tear resistance and service life of the rubber dam.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a novel rubber dam skeleton material, which comprises, by total mass fraction, 25-30% of a tear-resistant layer and 70-75% of a self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure of 60-70% fiber and 30-40% steel wire interlaced and woven, and the fiber is aramid fiber or polyester fiber. Calculated by mass of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 90-95 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 3-5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of stearic acid, 25-35 parts of carbon black, and 15-20 parts of a thermoplastic elastomer. The cross-linking agent is any one of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 4,4'-dithiodiphenylamine, and 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid. The thermoplastic elastomer is any one of SBS and SEBS.

[0007] In this technical solution, the fibers in the tear-resistant layer provide high tensile strength and toughness, dissipating localized stress. The fibers' high strength protects against water impact and impact from floating objects, while their flexibility absorbs energy. The interwoven fabric forms a multidirectional load-bearing network, blocking the path of tear propagation. The steel wires enhance rigid support and puncture resistance. The metal's high modulus suppresses large deformation, synergizing with the fibers to create a "rigid and flexible" structure that prevents the spread of localized damage.

[0008] In the self-healing rubber layer, EPDM serves as the base material, providing weather resistance, elasticity, and chemical stability. The saturated backbone structure of EPDM makes it resistant to ozone, UV rays, and hydrolysis, making it suitable for long-term outdoor use. Its molecular chain flexibility allows it to adapt to repeated deformations.

[0009] The cross-linking agent undergoes dynamic reversible fracture and reorganization under stress or heat, allowing the rubber to achieve self-repair through re-cross-linking of molecular chains after damage.

[0010] Zinc oxide, as an activator and reinforcing agent, can synergistically promote the cross-linking reaction with the self-healing cross-linker, while improving the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the rubber.

[0011] As a processing aid and dispersant, stearic acid can improve the dispersion of filler (carbon black) in rubber, reduce mixing viscosity, and assist zinc oxide in activating the cross-linking reaction.

[0012] Carbon black acts as a reinforcing filler, adsorbing rubber molecular chains through its high specific surface area to form a physical cross-linked network, significantly improving tensile strength, tear resistance and wear resistance.

[0013] Thermoplastic elastomers can be toughened and self-repaired. Their microphase separation structure can undergo plastic flow under heat or stress, filling crack areas and assisting crosslinkers in completing self-repair.

[0014] Optionally, the fiber is an aramid fiber or a polyester fiber that has been surface-treated with a silane coupling agent in an amount of 1.5-2.5% by weight of the total mass percentage of the tear-resistant layer.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the interface adhesion between the fiber and the rubber can be improved after the surface treatment with a silane coupling agent.

[0016] Optionally, the surface of the steel wire is copper-plated or galvanized.

[0017] In the above technical solution, copper plating or zinc plating on the surface of the steel wire can prevent corrosion and extend the life of the dam.

[0018] Optionally, the self-repairing rubber layer further comprises 5-10 parts of an ionic polymer, wherein the ionic polymer is an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer neutralized with zinc ions.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the ion clusters in the ionic polymer (such as -COO - Zn 2+ COO - ) can dissociate or reassemble under heat or stress, providing room-temperature self-repair capabilities and compensating for the lack of thermal activation required for disulfide bonds. Ionic clusters act as physical crosslinks to absorb impact energy and reduce crack growth rates.

[0020] The fluidity of thermoplastic elastomers synergizes with ion cluster reorganization to achieve dual-mode repair: ionic bond reorganization at room temperature and disulfide bond reorganization under heating. Zinc oxide provides a source of zinc ions, enhancing the stability of the ion cluster network.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a novel rubber dam skeleton material, the method comprising the following steps: Preparation of tear-resistant layer: Fiber and steel wire are interwoven in warp and weft directions to form a double or triple layer grid; Preparation of the self-repairing rubber layer: thinly pass EPDM rubber 3-5 times at 50-60°C, then mix the EPDM rubber with carbon black, zinc oxide, and stearic acid at 65-75°C for 3-8 minutes, then add a cross-linking agent and a thermoplastic elastomer, continue mixing at 60-70°C for 3-5 minutes, and press-vulcanize the mixed rubber at 160-180°C and 10-15 MPa for 10-15 minutes to obtain the self-repairing rubber layer; Hot pressing composite: coating an adhesive on the surface of the tear-resistant mesh, stacking the self-repairing rubber layer and the tear-resistant layer, and hot pressing at 140-160° C. and 5-10 MPa for 5-10 minutes to obtain a composite; Post-vulcanization treatment: the composite is subjected to secondary vulcanization at 110-130° C. for 2-4 hours, and the burrs are cut off to obtain a new rubber dam skeleton material.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the fibers absorb impact energy, the steel wires provide rigid support, and the staggered structure blocks the tearing path to achieve multi-directional tensile resistance.

[0023] Under high temperature and pressure, the crosslinker forms dynamic covalent bonds with the EPDM molecular chains (SS bonds can be reversibly broken and reassembled). The thermoplastic elastomer partially melts, forming an island structure that enhances self-healing fluidity.

[0024] Optionally, the method for preparing the novel rubber dam skeleton material further comprises, in the step of preparing the self-repairing rubber layer, adding an ionic copolymer simultaneously with the cross-linking agent and the thermoplastic elastomer.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a rubber dam, which is a novel rubber dam skeleton material prepared using the above-mentioned rubber dam skeleton material or a novel rubber dam skeleton material preparation method.

[0026] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a rubber dam for use in water conservancy hub waters, military waters, and high-risk waters.

[0027] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In the tear-resistant layer, the fiber can provide high tensile strength and toughness, disperse local stress, and its high strength can resist water impact and floating object impact. Its flexibility can absorb energy, and the interlaced weaving forms a multi-directional load-bearing network to block the tear expansion path. The steel wire enhances rigid support and puncture resistance. The high modulus of the metal can suppress large deformation, and cooperates with the fiber to form a "rigid and flexible" structure to prevent the spread of local damage and prevent sharp objects from directly piercing the skeleton material, thereby extending the service life of the rubber dam.

[0028] 2. The self-repairing rubber layer undergoes dynamic reversible fracture and reorganization under stress or heat by adding a cross-linking agent, so that the rubber can achieve self-repair through re-cross-linking of molecular chains after damage.

[0029] 3. The self-repairing rubber layer can be toughened and self-repaired by adding thermoplastic elastomers. Its microphase separation structure can undergo plastic flow under heat or stress, filling the crack area and assisting the cross-linking agent to complete self-repair. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the examples.

[0031] The materials used in the following examples can all be purchased from the market.

[0032] Example 1: This example discloses a new rubber dam skeleton material #1 and its preparation method.

[0033] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, a 25% tear-resistant layer and a 75% self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure woven by interlacing 60% aramid fibers and 40% steel wires. Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 90 parts of EPDM rubber, 3 parts of 4,4'-dithiodiphenylamine, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5 parts of stearic acid, 25 parts of carbon black, and 20 parts of SBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0034] A method for preparing a novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises the following steps: Preparation of the tear-resistant layer: Fibers and steel wires are interwoven in warp and weft directions to form a three-layer grid; Preparation of the self-repairing rubber layer: EPDM rubber was thinly passed through the mixture five times at 55°C, and then the EPDM rubber was mixed with carbon black, zinc oxide, and stearic acid at 65°C for 5 minutes. A cross-linking agent and a thermoplastic elastomer were then added and the mixture was further mixed at 65°C for 4 minutes. The mixture was compression-vulcanized at 170°C and 12 MPa for 15 minutes to obtain the self-repairing rubber layer. Hot pressing composite: coating the surface of the tear-resistant mesh with epoxy resin adhesive, stacking the self-repairing rubber layer and the tear-resistant layer, and hot pressing at 150° C. and 10 MPa for 8 minutes to obtain a composite; Post-vulcanization treatment: The composite was subjected to secondary vulcanization at 120° C. for 3 h, and the burrs were removed to obtain a novel rubber dam skeleton material #1.

[0035] Example 2: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #2 and its preparation method.

[0036] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, a 30% tear-resistant layer and a 70% self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a mesh structure woven by interlacing 70% polyester fibers and 30% steel wires. Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 95 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 5 parts of 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 8 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5 parts of stearic acid, 35 parts of carbon black, and 15 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0037] The preparation method of the novel rubber dam skeleton material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0038] Example 3: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #3 and its preparation method.

[0039] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, 27% of a tear-resistant layer and 73% of a self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure woven by interlacing 65% aramid fibers and 35% steel wires. Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 93 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 4 parts of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 30 parts of carbon black, and 17 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0040] The preparation method of the novel rubber dam skeleton material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0041] Example 4: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #4 and its preparation method.

[0042] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, 27% of a tear-resistant layer and 73% of a self-repairing rubber layer; The tear-resistant layer comprises a mesh structure comprising 65% aramid fiber and 35% steel wire, interwoven by weight. The aramid fiber is surface-treated with a silane coupling agent, KH550, accounting for 2% of the total weight of the tear-resistant layer. In this embodiment, KH550 is used as the silane coupling agent; other silane coupling agents, such as KH560 and KH570, may also be used in other embodiments.

[0043] Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 93 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 4 parts of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 30 parts of carbon black, and 17 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0044] The preparation method of the novel rubber dam skeleton material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Example 5: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #5 and its preparation method.

[0046] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, 27% of a tear-resistant layer and 73% of a self-repairing rubber layer; Calculated by mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure of 65% aramid fibers and 35% steel wires interlaced and woven together. The surface of the steel wires is copper-plated, and the copper plating thickness is 0.5 mm.

[0047] Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 93 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 4 parts of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 30 parts of carbon black, and 17 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0048] The preparation method of the novel rubber dam skeleton material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0049] Example 6: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #6 and its preparation method.

[0050] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, 27% of a tear-resistant layer and 73% of a self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure woven with 65% aramid fiber and 35% steel wire. The aramid fiber is surface-treated with silane coupling agent KH550, accounting for 2% of the total mass percentage of the tear-resistant layer. The surface of the steel wire is copper-plated, and the copper plating thickness is 0.5 mm.

[0051] Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 93 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 4 parts of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 30 parts of carbon black, and 17 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer.

[0052] The preparation method of the novel rubber dam skeleton material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0053] Example 7: This example discloses a new type of rubber dam skeleton material #7 and its preparation method.

[0054] The novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises, by total mass fraction, 27% of a tear-resistant layer and 73% of a self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure woven with 65% aramid fiber and 35% steel wire. The aramid fiber is surface-treated with silane coupling agent KH550, accounting for 2% of the total mass percentage of the tear-resistant layer. The surface of the steel wire is copper-plated, and the copper plating thickness is 0.5 mm.

[0055] Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 93 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 4 parts of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 6 parts of zinc oxide, 1 part of stearic acid, 30 parts of carbon black, 17 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer, and 8 parts of zinc ion neutralized ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer.

[0056] A method for preparing a novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises the following steps: Preparation of the tear-resistant layer: Fibers and steel wires are interwoven in warp and weft directions to form a three-layer grid; Preparation of the self-repairing rubber layer: EPDM rubber was thinly passed through the mixture five times at 55°C, and then the EPDM rubber was mixed with carbon black, zinc oxide, and stearic acid at 65°C for 5 minutes. A cross-linking agent and a thermoplastic elastomer were then added and the mixture was further mixed at 65°C for 4 minutes. The mixture was compression-vulcanized at 170°C and 12 MPa for 15 minutes to obtain the self-repairing rubber layer. Hot pressing composite: coating the surface of the tear-resistant mesh with epoxy resin adhesive, stacking the self-repairing rubber layer and the tear-resistant layer, and hot pressing at 150° C. and 10 MPa for 8 minutes to obtain a composite; Post-vulcanization treatment: The composite was subjected to secondary vulcanization at 120° C. for 3 h, and the burrs were removed to obtain a novel rubber dam skeleton material #7.

[0057] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example provides a comparative rubber dam skeleton material D1 that is the same as Example 7, except that the tear-resistant layer only has aramid fibers surface-treated with silane coupling agent KH550.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a comparative rubber dam skeleton material D2 which is the same as Example 7, except that the tear-resistant layer only has copper-plated steel wire.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example provides a comparative rubber dam skeleton material D3 that is the same as Example 7, except that the self-repairing rubber layer does not contain a thermoplastic elastomer.

[0060] Comparative Example 4: This comparative example provides a comparative rubber dam skeleton material D4 that is the same as Example 7, except that diphenyl disulfide is used instead of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid.

[0061] Comparative Example 5: This comparative example provides a comparative rubber dam skeleton material D5 which is the same as Example 7, except that ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer is used instead of zinc ion neutralized ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer.

[0062] The new rubber dam skeleton materials #1-#7 of Examples 1-7 and the comparative rubber dam skeleton materials D1-D5 of Comparative Examples 1-5 were subjected to tensile strength tests (ASTM D412), interfacial peel strength tests (ASTM D429), tear resistance tests (ASTM D624), and impact resistance tests (ASTM D7136). The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1 Example Performance Tensile strength (MPa) Interface peel strength (kN / m) Impact resistance (kJ / m²) Tear resistance (kN / m) Example 1 23.12 7.01 40.2 26.8 Example 2 23.24 7.02 40.5 26.9 Example 3 23.96 7.04 40.8 27.2 Example 4 24.20 7.97 42.5 28.4 Example 5 24.14 7.68 41.2 27.5 Example 6 24.86 8.37 43.4 28.9 Example 7 25.43 9.54 45.1 30.6 Comparative Example 1 15.75 5.79 34.1 20.2 Comparative Example 2 18.51 6.19 37.4 23.8 Comparative Example 3 16.24 5.95 35.5 21.4 Comparative Example 4 19.38 6.77 38.6 26.3 Comparative Example 5 18.57 6.09 37.2 25.2 As shown in the data of Examples 1-3 in Table 1, especially the data of Example 3, it can be seen that through the reasonable ratio of the components of the new rubber dam skeleton material, the tensile strength, interfacial peeling strength, tear resistance and impact resistance of the new rubber dam skeleton material of the present application are relatively excellent.

[0064] Compared to Example 3, Example 4, in which the aramid fibers in the tear-resistant layer were surface-treated with the silane coupling agent KH550, yielded new rubber dam skeleton material #4 that outperformed new rubber dam skeleton material #3 in all aspects. This is because the silane coupling agent treatment improves the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and the rubber.

[0065] In Example 5, compared to Example 3, and in Example 6, compared to Example 4, the steel wire surface of the tear-resistant layer was copper-plated to a thickness of 0.5 mm. The resulting new rubber dam skeleton material #5 exhibited superior performance to new rubber dam skeleton material #3, and the resulting new rubber dam skeleton material #6 exhibited superior performance to new rubber dam skeleton material #4. This is because copper or zinc plating on the steel wire surface prevents corrosion and extends the life of the dam.

[0066] Compared with Example 6, Example 7 adds zinc ion neutralized ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer to the self-repairing rubber layer. The performance of the new rubber dam skeleton material #7 is better than that of the new rubber dam skeleton material #6. This is because the ion clusters (-COO - Zn 2+ COO - ) can dissociate and recombine under heat or stress, providing room-temperature self-repair capabilities and compensating for the thermal activation of disulfide bonds in crosslinkers. Ion clusters act as physical crosslinking points to absorb impact energy and reduce crack growth. The fluidity of the thermoplastic elastomer synergizes with the recombination of ion clusters, enabling dual-mode repair, both at room temperature by ion bond recombination and upon heating by disulfide bond recombination. Zinc oxide provides a zinc ion source, enhancing the stability of the ion cluster network.

[0067] Comparative Example 1 compared Example 7 with the tear-resistant layer, which consisted of only aramid fibers surface-treated with silane coupling agent KH550, showed that the properties of the comparative rubber dam skeleton material D1, especially its tear resistance, were far inferior to those of the new rubber dam skeleton material #7.

[0068] Compared with Example 7, the tear-resistant layer of Comparative Example 2 only has steel wire with a copper-plated surface. The various properties of the comparative rubber dam skeleton material D2, especially its tear resistance, are far inferior to those of the new rubber dam skeleton material #7. This is because the fibers in the tear-resistant layer can provide high tensile strength and toughness, dispersing local stress. The high strength of the fibers can resist the impact of water flow and floating objects, and their flexibility can absorb energy. The interlaced weaving forms a multi-directional load-bearing network, blocking the tear propagation path. The steel wire enhances rigid support and puncture resistance, and the high modulus of the metal can suppress large deformation. It cooperates with the fibers to form a "rigid and flexible" structure to prevent the spread of local damage. The interlaced structure of the two can block the tear path and achieve multi-directional tensile resistance.

[0069] Compared to Example 7, the self-healing rubber layer in Comparative Example 3 does not contain SEBS thermoplastic elastomer. The resulting comparative rubber dam skeleton material D3 exhibits inferior properties to the new rubber dam skeleton material #7. This is because the plastic elastomer provides toughening and assists in self-healing. Its microphase-separated structure undergoes plastic flow under heat or stress, filling cracked areas and assisting the crosslinking agent in self-healing.

[0070] Comparative Example 4, compared to Example 7, uses diphenyl disulfide instead of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid. The resulting rubber dam skeleton material D4 performs inferior to the new rubber dam skeleton material #7 in various performance aspects. This is because, while diphenyl disulfide possesses disulfide bonds, it lacks carboxyl groups (-COOH), preventing it from forming stable crosslinks with rubber chains. Furthermore, its small molecular weight easily leaches from the rubber, leading to its failure over time.

[0071] Comparative Example 5, compared to Example 7, uses ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer instead of the zinc-ion-neutralized ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer. The resulting comparative rubber dam skeleton material D5 exhibits inferior properties to the new rubber dam skeleton material #7. This is because the ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer lacks ionic clusters and cannot synergize with the crosslinker and thermoplastic elastomer to achieve repair.

[0072] It can be seen from this that missing or replaced materials cannot play a role in the new rubber dam skeleton material of this application, but will reduce the role of the new rubber dam skeleton material. Therefore, each component cannot be arbitrarily replaced by other materials.

[0073] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of rubber dam skeleton material, characterized in that: Calculated by total mass fraction, the novel rubber dam skeleton material comprises 25-30% of a tear-resistant layer and 70-75% of a self-repairing rubber layer; According to the mass fraction of the tear-resistant layer, the tear-resistant layer adopts a grid structure of 60-70% fiber and 30-40% steel wire interlaced and woven, and the fiber is aramid fiber or polyester fiber. Calculated by weight of the self-repairing rubber layer, the self-repairing rubber layer includes 90-95 parts of EPDM rubber, 3-5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 5-8 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of stearic acid, 25-35 parts of carbon black, and 15-20 parts of a thermoplastic elastomer. The cross-linking agent is any one of 4,4'-dithiodibenzoic acid, 4,4'-dithiodiphenylamine, and 2,2'-dithiodibenzoic acid, and the thermoplastic elastomer is any one of SBS and SEBS.

2. A new type of rubber dam skeleton material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber is an aramid fiber or a polyester fiber that has been surface-treated with a silane coupling agent in an amount of 1.5-2.5% by weight of the total mass percentage of the tear-resistant layer.

3. A new type of rubber dam skeleton material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The surface of the steel wire is copper-plated or zinc-plated.

4. A new type of rubber dam skeleton material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-repairing rubber layer further comprises 5-10 parts of an ionic polymer, which is an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer neutralized with zinc ions.

5. A method for preparing the novel rubber dam skeleton material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Preparation of tear-resistant layer: Fiber and steel wire are interwoven in warp and weft directions to form a double or triple layer grid; Preparation of the self-repairing rubber layer: thinly pass EPDM rubber 3-5 times at 50-60°C, then mix the EPDM rubber with carbon black, zinc oxide, and stearic acid at 65-75°C for 3-8 minutes, then add a cross-linking agent and a thermoplastic elastomer, continue mixing at 60-70°C for 3-5 minutes, and press-vulcanize the mixed rubber at 160-180°C and 10-15 MPa for 10-15 minutes to obtain the self-repairing rubber layer; Hot pressing composite: coating an adhesive on the surface of the tear-resistant mesh, stacking the self-repairing rubber layer and the tear-resistant layer, and hot pressing at 140-160° C. and 5-10 MPa for 5-10 minutes to obtain a composite; Post-vulcanization treatment: the composite is subjected to secondary vulcanization at 110-130° C. for 2-4 hours, and the burrs are cut off to obtain a new rubber dam skeleton material.

6. The method for preparing the new rubber dam skeleton material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for preparing the novel rubber dam skeleton material further comprises adding an ionic polymer while adding a cross-linking agent and a thermoplastic elastomer in the step of preparing the self-repairing rubber layer.

7. A rubber dam, characterized in that: The rubber dam comprises the novel rubber dam skeleton material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the novel rubber dam skeleton material prepared by the method for preparing the novel rubber dam skeleton material according to any one of claims 5 to 6.

8. Application of the new rubber dam according to claim 7 in water conservancy hub waters, military waters, and high-risk waters.