Manufacturing method of wool felt three-dimensional and embossed products

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ornament preparation, and particularly discloses a method for manufacturing a wool felt three-dimensional and embossment product, which comprises the following steps of: manufacturing a felt plate with the thickness required by the product; cutting the felt plate into a shape required by the product size; performing penetration dyeing according to the design drawing to obtain colored wool felt; the colored wool felt is put into a clamp and then put into a carving machine, a 3D model file of a needed product is input, the carving machine works, and a felt blank is obtained; preparing a cutting die for drawing the outer contour on the front side of the target product, taking out the carved felt blank body, placing the felt blank body on the front side, and cutting and shaping by the cutting die; carrying out surface felting treatment; shaping the local color of the surface; and assembling through glue to obtain the product. The manufacturing method of the wool felt three-dimensional and embossed product has the advantages of being easy to manufacture, convenient and fast, and semi-automatic batch production can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ornament preparation, and in particular to a method for manufacturing wool felt three-dimensional and relief products. Background Art

[0002] By the time of Ancient Rome, wool felt had developed a complete production system, dating back to the nomadic civilizations of the fourth century BC. This technique, introduced to Europe via Mediterranean trade routes, quickly developed into a significant craft due to its unique physical properties. During the production process, artisans layered moistened wool fibers, rubbing and rolling them by hand, and then entangled the fiber scales with soap (usually castile or laurel soap) for dozens of hours, creating a dense structure. This natural nonwoven fabric not only offers superior waterproof and breathable properties, but also boasts a high degree of plasticity, making it widely used in military equipment, everyday clothing, and architecture.

[0003] Despite its millennia-long tradition, wool felting remains a labor-intensive process. Traditional techniques require over twenty steps, including fiber screening, warm water soaking, layering, and directional kneading. The three-dimensional shaping process relies heavily on the craftsman's experience and judgment, requiring several days of meticulous sculpting and detailed carving for each piece. This inefficiency makes mass production unsuitable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing three-dimensional and relief products of wool felt. The method provided by the present invention has the characteristics of simple production, convenience and speed, and can be mass-produced.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for producing three-dimensional and relief wool felt products, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Make a felt board of the required thickness for the product.

[0008] In this step, a felt board of desired thickness can be obtained by a felting method or a needle felting method.

[0009] In this step, the wool is first made into a felt board 0.5-2 cm thicker than the target product. For example, if the product thickness is 4 cm, the felt board is made into a 5 cm thick board; if the relief product thickness is 4 cm, a 4.5 cm thick felt board is prepared.

[0010] S2. Cut the felt board into the shape required by the product size.

[0011] In this step, the length and width of the felt block should be cut 2-3 cm larger than the size of the target product to leave room for carving.

[0012] S3. Perform penetration dyeing according to the design drawing to obtain colored wool felt.

[0013] S4. Place the colored wool felt into a fixture, and then place it into an engraving machine. Input the 3D model file of the required product, and the engraving machine operates to obtain a felt embryo.

[0014] In this step, the engraving method includes:

[0015] Round carving method: Place the cut felt block in a fixture to fix the felt block so that it does not move and deflect during carving; then place the mold in an engraving machine to fix it, import the target product 3D model file, and start carving. The method of the present invention uses an ordinary woodworking CNC engraving machine and does not require modification.

[0016] Relief method: fix the cut felt block on the relief platform of the engraving machine, import the target product 3D model file, and perform single-sided engraving. The method of the present invention uses an ordinary woodworking CNC engraving machine without modification.

[0017] In this step, the front and back sides can be embossed separately to obtain a felt embossed product on both sides, and then the front and back sides can be glued together to obtain a complete three-dimensional felt product.

[0018] S5. Prepare a die cutter of the outer contour of the front view of the target product, take out the carved felt blank, place it on the front, and cut it into shape with a die cutter.

[0019] In this step, if the round carving method is used, after taking out the round carving blank, there will be residual upper and lower fixing piles on the blank product. Place its front side into the cutting die, and punch from top to bottom to cut off the fixing piles.

[0020] If the relief method is used, there will be a connection between the relief blank and the original blank. Similarly, its front side is placed in the cutting die, and punched from top to bottom to cut off the remaining part. If the relief operation has been completed, you can skip this step.

[0021] In this step, if there is any deformation during the carving process, you can sprinkle water on the surface and then heat it with a steel mold to solidify it.

[0022] S6. Surface felting treatment

[0023] In this step, the surface may be felted by a reciprocating needle punch or by hand needle felting.

[0024] S7, surface local color shaping

[0025] In this step, you can use clamping spray paint or colored wool to perform artificial needle felting to shape the local color of the surface.

[0026] S8. Assemble by gluing to obtain the product.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glue, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Add soy protein isolate to deionized water, stir and dissolve, then add tannic acid and epichlorohydrin, adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5, heat and stir to react, after the reaction is completed, dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain modified soy protein isolate;

[0029] (2) Ultrasonic dispersion of nano-silica in an ethanol aqueous solution, then adding vinyl triethoxysilane thereto, stirring, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain vinyl silica;

[0030] (3) dispersing vinyl silica in an organic solvent, introducing nitrogen to expel air, then adding 1,4-butenediol and initiator benzoyl peroxide, heating to react, and after the reaction is completed, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain modified silica;

[0031] (4) Dissolve the modified soybean white in deionized water, add modified silica, stir evenly, then add curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0032] Specifically, in step (1), the mass ratio of soy protein isolate, tannic acid and epichlorohydrin is 10-15:3-6:4-8. In some embodiments of the present invention, for example, 10:3:4, 10:4:6, 10:4:8, 12:5:4, 12:6:8, 15:3:4, 15:5:5, and 15:6:8 can be selected, but the ratio is not limited to the listed values. Other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0033] Specifically, in step (1), the temperature for the heating and stirring reaction is 70-90°C, for example, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, or 90°C; the time for the heating and stirring reaction is 2-4h, for example, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, or 4h, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0034] Specifically, in step (2), the mass ratio of nano-silica to vinyltriethoxysilane is 8-12:1-3. In some embodiments of the present invention, for example, 8:1, 8:2, 8:3, 10:1, 10:2, 10:3, 12:1, 12:2, and 12:3 can be selected, but the ratio is not limited to the listed values. Other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0035] Specifically, in step (3), the mass ratio of vinyl silica, 1,4-butenediol and benzoyl peroxide is 8-12:2-4:0.5-1. For example, 8:2:0.5, 8:3:0.6, 8:4:1, 10:3:0.8, 10:4:1, 12:2:0.5, 12:3:0.6, and 12:4:1 can be selected, but the values are not limited to the listed values. Other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0036] Specifically, in step (3), the temperature of the heating reaction is 60-80°C, for example, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, or 80°C can be selected; the time of the heating reaction is 2-5h, for example, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h, or 5h can be selected, but the values are not limited to the listed values, and other values not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0037] Specifically, in step (4), the mass ratio of the modified soybean white, deionized water, modified silica and isophorone diisocyanate is 40-50:500-600:0.5-2:2-4.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) The method for producing three-dimensional and relief wool felt products provided by the present invention is simple, convenient and quick to produce, and can be semi-automatically produced in batches.

[0040] (2) The glue used in the accessory assembly process of the present invention has the characteristics of good bonding performance and environmental protection and non-toxicity; by grafting tannic acid onto soy protein isolate under the action of adhesive epichlorohydrin, the bonding strength of soy protein isolate is improved; then, through the addition reaction between double bonds, 1,4-butene diol is polymerized and grafted onto nano-silica, and then modified soy protein isolate is used as the main agent of glue, modified silica is used as a filler, and isophorone diisocyanate is used as a cross-linking curing agent. Isophorone diisocyanate can react with the hydroxyl groups of modified soy protein isolate and the hydroxyl groups of modified silica to form a cured cross-linking system, thereby improving the cohesive force of the glue and further improving the bonding strength of the glue; at the same time, by modifying the nano-silica, the nano-silica is evenly dispersed in the glue, thereby improving the tensile properties of the glue. In addition, the alkyl long chain structure of the modified silica has high flexibility, which further improves the mechanical properties of the glue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a felt board of desired thickness prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a felt block of desired thickness prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of penetration dyeing of a felt block prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the blank obtained after engraving the round sculpture product in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Example 1 of the present invention using a round carving method to produce the required accessories according to the "cockatiel" design drawing;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a rendering of the coloring process using a clamping mold spray paint in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the effect of the wool felt three-dimensional product "Cockatiel" produced in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0049] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents involved in the present invention were purchased through commercial channels.

[0050] The average particle size of the nano-silicon dioxide used in the embodiment of the present invention is 60 nm.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The preparation process of a three-dimensional wool felt product of "Cockatiel" is made by round carving, including the following steps:

[0053] S1, such as Figure 1 As shown, a felt board of 50×1000×1000 (mm) is made by a felt rolling method for use;

[0054] S2, such as Figure 2 As shown, cut out a 50×50×100 (mm) piece of felt for later use;

[0055] S3, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cut felt pieces are bleached and penetrated dyed according to the color required by the design;

[0056] S4. Put the wool felt into the fixture and then into the engraving machine. Input the 3D model file of the "cockatiel" main body. The engraving machine performs round engraving. The main body and accessories are operated in the same way. The obtained sample is as follows Figure 4 As shown;

[0057] S5. After the engraving is completed, take the sample out of the fixture and make a "cockatiel" front view outer contour die. Align the front of the engraved blank with the die and punch it. Cut the connection to get the "cockatiel" main body felt blank. The same operation can be done for other accessories such as wings and tails. The obtained sample is as follows: Figure 5 As shown;

[0058] S6. The main body, wings, tail, etc. of the "cockatiel" are clamped and spray-painted. The obtained sample is as follows Figure 6 As shown;

[0059] S7. Assemble all the finished components according to the "cockatiel" drawing with glue to obtain the product. Figure 7 shown.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] A method for preparing glue comprises the following steps:

[0062] (1) Add 10 g of soy protein isolate to 150 mL of deionized water and stir to dissolve. Then, add 3 g of tannic acid and 4 g of epichlorohydrin to the solution, adjust the pH of the solution to 4, heat and stir at 70 ° C for 4 h, and after the reaction is completed, dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain modified soy protein isolate.

[0063] (2) 8 g of nano-silica was ultrasonically dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol-water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water was 3:1), and then 1 g of vinyl triethoxysilane was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain vinyl silica.

[0064] (3) 8 g of vinyl silica was dispersed in 100 mL of organic solvent DMF, nitrogen was introduced to expel the air, and then 2 g of 1,4-butenediol and 0.5 g of initiator benzoyl peroxide were added thereto. The mixture was heated at 80 °C for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified silica.

[0065] (4) Dissolve 40 g of modified soybean white in 500 g of deionized water, add 1 g of modified silica, stir evenly, then add 2 g of curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] A method for preparing glue comprises the following steps:

[0068] (1) Add 15 g of soy protein isolate to 150 mL of deionized water and stir to dissolve. Then, add 6 g of tannic acid and 8 g of epichlorohydrin to the solution, adjust the pH of the solution to 4, heat and stir at 80 ° C for 3 h, and after the reaction is completed, dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain modified soy protein isolate.

[0069] (2) 12 g of nano-silica was ultrasonically dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol-water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water was 3:1), and then 3 g of vinyl triethoxysilane was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain vinyl silica.

[0070] (3) Disperse 12 g of vinyl silica in 100 mL of organic solvent DMF, introduce nitrogen to expel the air, then add 4 g of 1,4-butenediol and 1 g of initiator benzoyl peroxide, heat and react at 80 ° C for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, wash and dry to obtain modified silica;

[0071] (4) Dissolve 50 g of modified soybean white in 500 g of deionized water, add 2 g of modified silica, stir evenly, then add 4 g of curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] A method for preparing glue comprises the following steps:

[0074] (1) 12 g of soy protein isolate was added to 150 mL of deionized water and stirred to dissolve. Then, 5 g of tannic acid and 6 g of epichlorohydrin were added thereto. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 4. The solution was heated and stirred at 80 °C for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the modified soy protein isolate was obtained by dialysis and freeze-drying.

[0075] (2) 10 g of nano-silica was ultrasonically dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol-water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water was 3:1), and then 2 g of vinyl triethoxysilane was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain vinyl silica.

[0076] (3) Disperse 10 g of vinyl silica in 100 mL of organic solvent DMF, introduce nitrogen to expel the air, then add 3 g of 1,4-butenediol and 0.8 g of initiator benzoyl peroxide, and heat the mixture at 80 ° C for 3 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, wash, and dry to obtain modified silica;

[0077] (4) Dissolve 45 g of modified soybean white in 500 g of deionized water, add 1.5 g of modified silica, stir evenly, then add 3 g of curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] A method for preparing glue comprises the following steps:

[0080] (1) 8 g of nano-silica was ultrasonically dispersed in 100 mL of ethanol-water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water was 3:1), and then 1 g of vinyl triethoxysilane was added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain vinyl silica.

[0081] (2) 8 g of vinyl silica was dispersed in 100 mL of organic solvent DMF, nitrogen was introduced to expel the air, and then 2 g of 1,4-butenediol and 0.5 g of initiator benzoyl peroxide were added thereto. The mixture was heated at 80 °C for 3 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain modified silica.

[0082] (3) Dissolve 40 g of modified soybean white in 500 g of deionized water, add 1 g of modified silica, stir evenly, then add 2 g of curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0083] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 did not perform modification treatment on the soy protein isolate.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] A method for preparing glue comprises the following steps:

[0086] (1) Add 10 g of soy protein isolate to 150 mL of deionized water and stir to dissolve. Then, add 3 g of tannic acid and 4 g of epichlorohydrin to the solution, adjust the pH of the solution to 4, heat and stir at 70 ° C for 4 h, and after the reaction is completed, dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain modified soy protein isolate.

[0087] (2) Dissolve 40 g of modified soybean isolate in 500 g of deionized water, add 1 g of silicon dioxide, stir evenly, then add 2 g of curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

[0088] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 2 did not perform modification treatment on the silicon dioxide.

[0089] The performance test of the glue prepared in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was carried out, and the specific steps were as follows:

[0090] Gluing strength test: Poplar veneer with a thickness of 1.5mm and glue were made into plywood specimens according to GB / T 9846-2015 standard, with a total glue amount of 200g / m 2 The hot pressing temperature is 120℃, the hot pressing time is 15min, and the adhesive is placed at room temperature for 24h after application. The bonding strength is tested according to GB / T 17657-2022 standard;

[0091] Tensile strength test: The glue was poured into a mold, vacuum-degassed, cured at 70°C for 4 h, and then placed at room temperature for 24 h to form a dumbbell-shaped specimen with a 50 mm × 10 mm rectangular shape in the middle. The tensile properties were tested according to the method of GB / T 1040.1-2018 at a tensile rate of 50 mm / min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Glue performance test results of different groups

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from the table, in Comparative Example 1, the soy protein isolate was not modified, and in Comparative Example 2, the silicon dioxide was not modified. The bonding strength and tensile properties of the prepared glues were inferior to those of the glues prepared in the examples of the present invention.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications and improvements can be made based on the present invention. Therefore, any modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing three-dimensional and relief wool felt products, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Make a felt board of the required thickness for the product; S2, cutting the felt board into the shape required by the product size; S3, performing penetration dyeing according to the design drawing to obtain colored wool felt; S4, placing the colored wool felt into a fixture, and then placing it into an engraving machine, inputting the 3D model file of the desired product, and the engraving machine operates to obtain a felt embryo; S5. Prepare a die cutter with the outer contour of the front view of the target product, take out the carved felt blank, place it on the front, and cut it into shape with a die cutter; S6, surface felting treatment; S7, local surface color shaping; S8. Assemble by gluing to obtain the product.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S8, the glue is prepared as follows: (1) Add soy protein isolate to deionized water, stir and dissolve, then add tannic acid and epichlorohydrin, adjust the pH of the solution to 3-5, heat and stir to react, after the reaction is completed, dialyze and freeze-dry to obtain modified soy protein isolate; (2) Ultrasonic dispersion of nano-silica in an ethanol aqueous solution, then adding vinyl triethoxysilane thereto, stirring, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain vinyl silica; (3) dispersing vinyl silica in an organic solvent, introducing nitrogen to expel air, then adding 1,4-butenediol and initiator benzoyl peroxide, heating to react, and after the reaction is completed, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain modified silica; (4) Dissolve the modified soybean white in deionized water, add modified silica, stir evenly, then add curing agent isophorone diisocyanate, mix evenly, and obtain glue.

3. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of soy protein isolate, tannic acid and epichlorohydrin is 10-15:3-6:4-8.

4. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (1), the temperature for the heating and stirring reaction is 70-90° C., and the time for the heating and stirring reaction is 2-4 h.

5. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of nano-silica to vinyltriethoxysilane is 8-12:1-3.

6. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of vinyl silica, 1,4-butenediol and benzoyl peroxide is 8-12:2-4:0.5-1.

7. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (3), the heating reaction temperature is 60-80°C, and the heating reaction time is 2-5 hours.

8. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (4), the mass ratio of the modified soybean white, deionized water, modified silica and isophorone diisocyanate is 40-50:500-600:0.5-2:2-4.

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