A low viscosity lubricating oil
By preparing low-viscosity lubricating oil and using a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace and solvothermal method to form modified titanium-silicon particles, the problem of insufficient friction reduction and anti-wear performance of traditional lubricating oil on friction surfaces is solved, achieving efficient lubrication and improved wear resistance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional lubricants cannot meet the requirements for friction reduction and anti-wear performance of relatively moving contact surfaces under increasingly severe conditions, and single nano lubricant additives have poor dispersibility, making it difficult to achieve efficient lubrication.
A low-viscosity lubricating oil formulation, including base oil, modified titanium silicon particles, and viscosity index improver, is used to prepare spherical nano-titanium silicon particles through a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace. Then, a cage-like coordination compound with zinc as the fulcrum and imidazosin as the framework is formed by a solvothermal method to improve dispersibility and lubrication effect.
It significantly reduces frictional resistance, improves lubrication and wear resistance, reduces metal surface roughness, enhances anti-friction performance, and extends the service life of mechanical equipment.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil technology, specifically to a low-viscosity lubricating oil. Background Technology
[0002] The contact between friction pairs in large construction machinery inevitably leads to friction and wear, resulting in significant energy consumption and material loss. Statistics show that one-third of global energy consumption is caused by friction and wear. Energy consumption due to friction poses a major challenge to achieving carbon neutrality. Therefore, reducing friction and wear is of paramount importance in modern technology. Lubrication technology plays an irreplaceable role in improving the energy efficiency and lifespan of mechanical equipment.
[0003] Generally, lubrication technology essentially involves the use of lubricants, with stable lubricating oils being the most commonly used. In recent years, traditional lubricating oils have failed to meet the requirements for friction reduction and anti-wear performance of contact surfaces in relative motion under increasingly demanding conditions. Finding high-performance lubricating oil additives has become an effective and reasonable approach to improving lubricating oil performance. Nanomaterials have attracted widespread attention in the field of tribology due to their unique structure, properties, and environmentally friendly characteristics. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel type of porous material, and their good stability and structural tunability have drawn attention in tribology research. However, single nanomaterial lubricating additives often suffer from poor dispersibility, making it difficult to achieve efficient lubrication. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-viscosity lubricating oil to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-viscosity lubricating oil, wherein the low-viscosity lubricating oil mainly comprises 74-86 parts of base oil, 9-11 parts of modified titanium silicon particles, and 2-4 parts of viscosity index improver by weight fraction.
[0006] Furthermore, the base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 14~30 mmHg at 40°C. 2 kinematic viscosity at 100℃ is 4~10 mm / s. 2 / s, viscosity index is 120~130.
[0007] Furthermore, the modified titanium silicon particles are prepared by a solvothermal method using nano-titanium silicon particles, zinc sulfate, and imidazosin.
[0008] Furthermore, the nano-titanium silicon particles are formed by the fusion bonding of titanium dioxide and sodium silicate in a spray form in a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace.
[0009] Furthermore, the viscosity index improver is designated as Exxon PT8920.
[0010] Furthermore, a method for preparing a low-viscosity lubricating oil includes the following preparation steps:
[0011] (1) 34-58 parts of sodium silicate are loaded into a vacuum melting crucible, and 37-61 parts of titanium dioxide are melted to obtain a molten liquid. The crucible is placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reaches a certain temperature, the molten liquid is atomized and sprayed to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles.
[0012] (2) Disperse 4-8 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles in 56-110 parts of methanol, add 21-43 parts of zinc sulfate and 16-32 parts of imidazosin, sonicate at 25℃ and 120rpm for 20-40min, then transfer to a high-pressure reactor and react at 120-140℃ for 10-24h. After naturally cooling to 25℃, centrifuge at 3000r / min for 10-16min, wash with deionized water and ethanol alternately until pH is 6-7, and dry in an oven at 50-60℃ for 12-16h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles;
[0013] (3) Mix 74-86 parts of base oil, 9-11 parts of modified titanium silicon particles and 2-4 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain low viscosity lubricating oil.
[0014] Furthermore, the vacuum degree of the vacuum melting crucible in step (1) is -0.06~-0.08MPa.
[0015] Furthermore, the temperature mentioned in step (1) is 550~650℃.
[0016] Furthermore, the atomization spraying conditions in step (1) are: atomizing medium Ar gas, atomization pressure 2.5~4.5MPa, and atomization flow rate 21-33m³ / min.
[0017] Furthermore, the ultrasonic frequency in step (2) is 50 kHz.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:
[0019] This invention utilizes a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace to melt and combine titanium dioxide with sodium silicate in a spray form, creating smooth, spherical nano-titanium silicate particles. This achieves the effect of rolling bearings, reducing frictional resistance and significantly improving the lubrication effect and wear resistance of lubricating oil. Simultaneously, these particles can penetrate the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reducing metal surface roughness and further enhancing wear resistance. Then, zinc sulfate, imidazosin, and titanium silicate particles are combined using a solvothermal method. Zinc atoms coordinate with nitrogen atoms in imidazosin to form a cage-like coordination compound with zinc as the fulcrum and imidazosin as the framework. This compound possesses a three-dimensional porous structure, improving the material's dispersibility in the lubricating oil and reducing agglomeration, thereby indirectly improving the lubrication effect. Simultaneously, these particles continuously penetrate the contact surface of the friction pair, filling pits on the worn surface and achieving friction reduction. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following embodiments are provided in detail. The test methods for various indicators of the low-viscosity lubricating oil prepared in the following embodiments are as follows:
[0022] Kinematic viscosity at 40℃ / 100℃: The same mass of the example and comparative examples were tested according to ASTM D445.
[0023] CCS viscosity: Examples and comparative examples of the same mass were tested according to ASTM D5293.
[0024] Wear mark diameter: Using the same mass of the example and comparative examples, the diameter was determined for 30 minutes at 1800 rpm, 80°C oil temperature, and 30 kg load, according to ASTM D4172. After testing, the test ball was removed, and the wear mark was measured.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] (1) 34 parts of sodium silicate were loaded into a vacuum melting crucible and the vacuum degree was evacuated to -0.06MPa. 37 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to obtain a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 550℃, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the atomizing medium Ar gas, the atomizing pressure was 2.5MPa, and the atomizing flow rate was 21m³ / min to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles.
[0027] (2) Four parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 56 parts of methanol, 21 parts of zinc sulfate and 16 parts of imidazosin were added, and the mixture was sonicated at 50 kHz for 20 min at 120 rpm at 25 ℃. Then it was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120 ℃ for 10 h. After naturally cooling to 25 ℃, it was centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 10 min. It was washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6. It was dried in an oven at 50 ℃ for 12 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles.
[0028] (3) Mix 74 parts of base oil, 9 parts of modified titanium silicon particles and 2 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain low viscosity lubricating oil.
[0029] Example 2
[0030] (1) 46 parts of sodium silicate were loaded into a vacuum melting crucible and the vacuum degree was evacuated to -0.07MPa. 49 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to obtain a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 600℃, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the atomizing medium Ar gas, the atomizing pressure was 3.5MPa, and the atomizing flow rate was 27m³ / min to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles.
[0031] (2) Six parts of nano-titanium silicon particles were dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazosin were added, and the mixture was sonicated at 50 kHz for 30 min at 120 rpm at 25 ℃. Then it was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130 ℃ for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25 ℃, it was centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 13 min. It was washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH was 6.5. It was dried in an oven at 55 ℃ for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles.
[0032] (3) Mix 80 parts of base oil, 10 parts of modified titanium silicon particles and 3 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain low viscosity lubricating oil.
[0033] Example 3
[0034] (1) 58 parts of sodium silicate were loaded into a vacuum melting crucible and the vacuum degree was evacuated to -0.08MPa. 61 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to obtain a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 650℃, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the atomizing medium Ar gas, the atomizing pressure was 4.5MPa, and the atomizing flow rate was 33m³ / min to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles.
[0035] (2) Disperse 8 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles in 110 parts of methanol, add 43 parts of zinc sulfate and 32 parts of imidazosin, sonicate at 50 kHz for 40 min at 120 rpm at 25 ℃, then transfer to a high-pressure reactor and react at 140 ℃ for 24 h. After naturally cooling to 25 ℃, centrifuge at 3000 r / min for 16 min, wash with deionized water and ethanol alternately until pH is 7, and dry in an oven at 60 ℃ for 16 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles.
[0036] (3) Mix 86 parts of base oil, 11 parts of modified titanium silicon particles and 4 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain low viscosity lubricating oil.
[0037] Comparative Example 1
[0038] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 lies in step (1). Step (1) is changed to: dispersing 46 parts of sodium silicate and 49 parts of titanium dioxide in 195 parts of water, transferring them to a high-pressure reactor, reacting at 160°C for 17 hours, naturally cooling to 25°C, centrifuging at 3000 r / min for 13 minutes, washing alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH reaches 6.5, and drying in an oven at 55°C for 14 hours to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.
[0039] Comparative Example 2
[0040] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that step (1) is omitted, and step (2) is changed to: 6 parts of silica are dispersed in 83 parts of methanol, 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazosin are added, and the mixture is sonicated at 50 kHz for 30 min at 120 rpm at 25 °C. Then, it is transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 130 °C for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25 °C, it is centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 13 min. It is then washed alternately with deionized water and ethanol until the pH reaches 6.5, and dried in an oven at 55 °C for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silica particles. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.
[0041] Comparative Example 3
[0042] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that step (1) is omitted, and step (2) is changed to: dispersing 6 parts of titanium dioxide in 83 parts of methanol, adding 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazosin, sonicating at 50 kHz for 30 min at 120 rpm at 25 °C, then transferring to a high-pressure reactor and reacting at 130 °C for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25 °C, centrifuging at 3000 r / min for 13 min, washing alternately with deionized water and ethanol until pH 6.5, and drying in an oven at 55 °C for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.
[0043] Comparative Example 4
[0044] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that step (2) is omitted, and step (3) is changed to: mixing 80 parts of base oil and 3 parts of ExxonPT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain a low viscosity lubricating oil. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 2.
[0045] Example of effect
[0046] Table 1 below shows the performance analysis results of the low viscosity lubricating oils of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention.
[0047] Table 1
[0048]
[0049] A comparison of the experimental data from Examples 1, 2, and 3 with Comparative Example 1 reveals that using a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace to melt and combine titanium dioxide with sodium silicate in a spray form creates smooth, spherical nano-titanium silicate particles, achieving the effect of a rolling bearing, reducing frictional resistance, and significantly improving the lubrication effect and wear resistance of the lubricating oil. A comparison of the experimental data from Examples 1, 2, and 3 with Comparative Example 2 reveals that titanium dioxide can penetrate the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reducing metal surface roughness and further enhancing wear resistance. A comparison of the experimental data from Examples 1, 2, and 3 with Comparative Example 3 reveals that sodium silicate transforms into silicon dioxide at high temperatures, acting as a rolling bearing and reducing frictional resistance. Low frictional resistance significantly improves the lubrication effect and wear resistance of lubricating oil. At the same time, it can enter the friction surface to form a lubricating film, reduce the roughness of the metal surface, and further enhance the wear resistance. From the experimental data of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 4, it can be found that by combining zinc sulfate, imidazosin and titanium silicon particles by solvothermal method, zinc atoms coordinate with nitrogen atoms in imidazosin to form a cage-like coordination compound with zinc as the fulcrum and imidazosin as the framework. It has a three-dimensional channel structure, which improves the dispersibility of the material in the lubricating oil and reduces agglomeration, thereby indirectly improving the lubrication effect. At the same time, it can continuously enter the contact surface of the friction pair, fill the pits on the worn surface, and achieve friction reduction performance.
[0050] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A low-viscosity lubricating oil, characterized in that, The low-viscosity lubricating oil, by weight, consists of 80 parts base oil, 10 parts modified titanium-silicon particles, and 3 parts viscosity index improver. The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 14-30 mm² / s at 40°C, a kinematic viscosity of 4-10 mm² / s at 100°C, and a viscosity index of 120-130. The modified titanium silicon particles were prepared by a solvothermal method using nano-titanium silicon particles, zinc sulfate, and imidazosin. The nano-titanium silicate particles are formed by the fusion of titanium dioxide and sodium silicate in a spray form in a tightly coupled vacuum induction furnace; the preparation method of the low-viscosity lubricating oil includes the following preparation steps: (1) 46 parts of sodium silicate were loaded into a vacuum melting crucible and the vacuum degree was evacuated to -0.07MPa. 49 parts of titanium dioxide were melted to obtain a molten liquid. The crucible was placed in a furnace. When the ambient temperature reached 600℃, the molten liquid was atomized and sprayed under the atomizing medium Ar gas, the atomizing pressure was 3.5MPa, and the atomizing flow rate was 27m³ / min to obtain nano-titanium silicon particles. (2) Disperse 6 parts of nano-titanium silicon particles in 83 parts of methanol, add 32 parts of zinc sulfate and 24 parts of imidazosin, sonicate at 50 kHz for 30 min at 120 rpm at 25 °C, then transfer to a high-pressure reactor and react at 130 °C for 17 h. After naturally cooling to 25 °C, centrifuge at 3000 r / min for 13 min, wash with deionized water and ethanol alternately until pH is 6.5, and dry in an oven at 55 °C for 14 h to obtain modified titanium silicon particles; (3) Mix 80 parts of base oil, 10 parts of modified titanium silicon particles and 3 parts of Exxon PT8920 viscosity index improver evenly to obtain low viscosity lubricating oil.