Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system and test method thereof
By adopting a bidirectional alkali recovery mechanism and step-by-step alkali washing treatment in the anion exchange membrane electrolytic hydrogen production system, the problem of lye on the hydrogen side is solved, efficient recovery of lye and stability of electrolytic reactions is achieved, and the continuity of the test and the durability of the equipment are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510877466.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
In the existing anion exchange membrane electrolytic hydrogen production system, the hydrogen side alkali liquid is lost seriously, resulting in increased testing costs, discontinuity of experimental data and corrosion of downstream equipment. The traditional single-side alkali washing efficiency is low and the gas-liquid separation is incomplete.
A two-way alkali liquid recovery mechanism is adopted, and a gas-liquid separation device is set up on the hydrogen side and an alkali washing device is set up on the oxygen side. Combined with cyclone separation technology and step-by-step alkali washing treatment, the efficient recovery and separation of alkali liquid is achieved, the electrolyte flow path is optimized, and the electrolyte reaction is ensured to stable progress.
The complete removal of the hydrogen-side alkali liquid is achieved, which avoids corrosion of downstream equipment, reduces the lye loss rate, maintains the stable concentration of the electrolyte, and ensures the continuity of the test data and the extended equipment life.
Smart Images
Figure CN120485875A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of anion exchange membrane electrolysis water hydrogen production testing, and in particular to an anion exchange membrane electrolysis water hydrogen production testing system and a testing method thereof. Background Art
[0002] As a new generation of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production technology combines the low cost advantage of traditional alkaline electrolysis with the high performance characteristics of proton exchange membrane electrolysis. Compared with traditional technologies, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production does not require precious metal catalysts (such as iridium and platinum) and can be used at 1.5 A / cm 2 It operates at high current densities above 1000 MW, while avoiding the use of concentrated alkali solutions and reducing material costs. Its modular design supports distributed hydrogen production, making it particularly suitable for on-site hydrogen supply at hydrogen refueling stations, effectively alleviating the cost and safety challenges of long-distance hydrogen transportation. Furthermore, hydrogen production from water electrolysis using anion exchange membranes can be combined with renewable energy to achieve large-scale production of "green hydrogen," contributing to the low-carbon transition of the energy system.
[0003] The current alkali management technology of the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system has significant deficiencies. In the existing technical solution, only the oxygen side is subjected to alkali washing treatment, and no alkali washing device is installed on the hydrogen side, resulting in the continuous loss of alkali in the hydrogen product. At the same time, the traditional alkali washing device adopts a single-stage filler or water washing structure, and the efficiency of capturing alkali mist entrained in the gas is only 70-85%, and the annual loss rate of electrolyte is high. In order to maintain the concentration of alkali solution, alkali solution needs to be added frequently, which not only increases the testing cost, but also interrupts the continuity of experimental data and affects the accuracy of performance evaluation. In addition, incomplete gas-liquid separation will also shorten the life of downstream equipment due to alkali corrosion. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to improve the defect of the existing anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system that requires frequent replenishment of alkaline solution, the present application provides an anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system and a test method thereof.
[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a test system for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water using an anion exchange membrane, which adopts the following technical solutions: A test system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water using an anion exchange membrane comprises: An electrolysis device, wherein the electrolysis device is provided with an electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell is provided with a receiving cavity for receiving an electrolyte; A hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device, the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device being arranged at one end of the electrolysis device and being in communication with the electrolytic cell, the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device being provided with a gas-liquid separation device for performing gas-liquid separation on the hydrogen containing alkaline liquid vapor generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell; An oxygen alkali washing device is provided at the other end of the electrolysis device and is connected to the electrolytic cell to perform alkali washing on the oxygen containing alkali liquid vapor generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell.
[0006] Through the above technical solution, this application adopts a two-way alkali recovery mechanism, with a gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side and an alkali washing device on the oxygen side. This solves the problem of alkali loss on the hydrogen side caused by traditional one-sided alkali washing. The gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side can efficiently separate hydrogen containing alkali vapor, and the alkali washing device on the oxygen side removes alkali residue in the oxygen through physical or chemical means.
[0007] At the same time, this application adjusts the design of the electrolytic cell's accommodating cavity and optimizes the electrolyte flow path. Combined with the alkali solution recovery devices on both sides, the electrolyte concentration can be maintained to ensure that the electrolysis reaction proceeds under stable conductivity.
[0008] Finally, the present application completely removes the alkaline solution in the hydrogen through the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device, thereby avoiding the shortening of the life of the downstream pipelines and analytical instruments due to corrosion by the alkaline solution.
[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device includes: a gas-liquid separation device, the gas-liquid separation device being disposed at one end of the electrolysis device and being in communication with the electrolysis tank; a water tank, the water tank being disposed at one end of the gas-liquid separation device away from the electrolysis device and being in communication with the gas-liquid separation device to collect the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separation device; A first hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer is provided between the water tank and the gas-liquid separation device, one end of the first hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, and the other end is connected to the water tank.
[0010] Through the above technical solution, this application further refines the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device. The gas-liquid separation device uses cyclonic separation technology, combined with the buffer storage function of the water tank, to reduce the humidity of the separated hydrogen. A first oxygen-hydrogen analyzer is installed to monitor the oxygen impurity content in the hydrogen in real time to avoid explosion risks.
[0011] Furthermore, the oxygen alkali washing device includes: an oxygen-side primary alkali washing device, the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device being connected to the electrolytic cell to collect oxygen generated by electrolysis, and the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device being provided with an alkali washing filler to separate alkali vapor from the oxygen generated by electrolysis; An oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device is provided on a side of the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device away from the electrolytic cell. A receiving chamber is provided in the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device to store deionized water. The oxygen separated by the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device is transported to the deionized water in the receiving chamber via the bottom of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device for secondary alkali washing. The second hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer is arranged on one side of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device, and one end of the second hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer is connected to the upper end of the accommodating chamber of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device.
[0012] Through the above technical solution, this application defines the specific structure of the oxygen alkali washing device (a primary alkali washing device, a secondary alkali washing device, and a second oxygen-hydrogen analyzer). The primary alkali washing device uses fillers to increase the gas-liquid contact area and capture the alkali solution. The secondary alkali washing device uses deionized water countercurrent washing to further remove residual alkali solution, maximizing efficiency through cascaded alkali washing. Secondly, this application integrates a hydrometer into the primary alkali washing device to monitor the alkali solution concentration in real time. When the concentration falls below a threshold, a water replenishment pump is triggered to replenish deionized water to the secondary device to maintain alkali washing efficiency. Compared with traditional systems that require daily replenishment due to concentration decay, this solution significantly reduces alkali solution concentration fluctuations.
[0013] Furthermore, the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system also includes: An oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline, wherein the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline is arranged at one end of the electrolytic cell close to the oxygen alkali washing device, one end of the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline is connected to the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device to collect the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation, and the other end of the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline is connected to one end of the oxygen alkali washing device to collect the alkali liquid after alkali washing by the oxygen alkali washing device, and a circulation pump is provided in the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline to transport the collected alkali liquid to the electrolytic cell; An alkali liquid filtering device, one end of which is connected to the electrolytic cell, and the other end of which is connected to the alkali liquid collecting device.
[0014] Through the above technical solution, the present application mixes the alkali liquid recovered from the hydrogen side with the low-concentration alkali liquid after alkali washing on the oxygen side through a circulation pump, removes particulate matter and metal ions through a filtration device, and then returns it to the electrolytic cell to achieve full circulation of the alkali liquid.
[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for testing a system for producing hydrogen through electrolysis of water using an anion exchange membrane, comprising the following steps: Determine the active area of the water electrolysis hydrogen production electrode, the number of membranes and electrodes, and determine the alkali solution flow rate, rated voltage, and rated current; Start the alkali pump and power supply, circulate the alkali solution at a constant alkali solution flow rate according to the determined parameters, and adjust the power supply current and voltage for testing; The alkali liquor is collected and recycled through the hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device and the oxygen alkali washing device; The test data of current, voltage, electrolytic cell inlet and outlet temperatures, gas purity, and gas flow are recorded.
[0016] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves precise control of test conditions by presetting parameters such as the electrode active area and the number of membrane electrode sheets, matching the alkali solution flow rate with the current / voltage. During the startup phase, the alkali solution circulates at a constant flow rate, combining gas-liquid separation with dynamic recovery of the alkali washing device to achieve zero alkali solution loss operation. Finally, voltage, temperature, gas purity, and flow rate data are synchronously recorded to generate polarization curves and efficiency-time curves, supporting quantitative evaluation of membrane electrode performance and thus shortening the testing cycle.
[0017] Furthermore, the parameters include: The active area of the water electrolysis hydrogen production electrode, the number of membranes and electrodes, the alkali solution flow rate, the rated voltage and the rated current.
[0018] Through the above technical solution, this application clarifies the parameters in the test method, which can effectively cover the full-scenario testing needs, ranging from laboratory-grade to industrial-grade electrolyzers, and improve compatibility. At the same time, the rated current and voltage are dynamically adjusted based on Ohm's law to avoid overload damage to the membrane electrode; the above parameter combination generates a test report that complies with the IEC 62282-8 standard, supports cross-platform data comparison, and accelerates the industrialization of the technology.
[0019] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present application adopts a two-way alkali recovery mechanism, with a gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side and an alkali washing device on the oxygen side, which solves the problem of alkali loss on the hydrogen side caused by traditional one-sided alkali washing. The gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side can efficiently separate hydrogen containing alkali vapor, and the alkali washing device on the oxygen side removes alkali residues in oxygen by physical or chemical means. At the same time, the present application adjusts the design of the accommodating cavity of the electrolytic cell and optimizes the electrolyte flow path. Combined with the alkali recovery devices on both sides, the electrolyte concentration can be maintained to ensure that the electrolysis reaction is carried out under stable conductivity. Finally, the present application uses the hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device to completely remove the alkali in the hydrogen, thereby avoiding the shortening of the life of downstream pipelines and analytical instruments due to alkali corrosion.
[0020] 2. This application further refines the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device, which utilizes cyclonic separation technology combined with the buffer storage function of a water tank to reduce the humidity of the separated hydrogen. A first oxygen-hydrogen analyzer is installed to monitor the oxygen impurity content in the hydrogen in real time, minimizing the risk of explosion.
[0021] 3. This application defines the specific structure of the oxygen alkali washing unit (a primary alkali washing unit, a secondary alkali washing unit, and a second oxygen-hydrogen analyzer). The primary alkali washing unit uses fillers to increase the gas-liquid contact area and capture alkali liquor. The secondary alkali washing unit uses deionized water countercurrent washing to further remove residual alkali liquor, maximizing efficiency through a cascaded alkali washing process. Furthermore, this application incorporates a hydrometer within the primary alkali washing unit to monitor alkali liquor concentration in real time. When the concentration falls below a threshold, a water replenishment pump is triggered to replenish deionized water to the secondary unit, maintaining alkali washing efficiency. Compared to traditional systems that require daily replenishment due to concentration decay, this solution reduces alkali liquor concentration fluctuations.
[0022] 4. This application uses a circulation pump to mix the alkali liquid recovered from the hydrogen side with the low-concentration alkali liquid after alkali washing on the oxygen side, and then returns it to the electrolytic cell after removing particulate matter and metal ions through a filter device to achieve full circulation of the alkali liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system in the embodiment of the technical solution of this application.
[0024] Description of the drawings: 1. Electrolysis device; 11. Electrolytic cell; 2. Gas-liquid separation device on the hydrogen side; 21. Gas-liquid separation device; 22. Water tank; 23. First oxygen-hydrogen analyzer; 3. Oxygen alkali washing device; 31. First-level alkali washing device on the oxygen side; 32. Second-level alkali washing device on the oxygen side; 33. Second oxygen-hydrogen analyzer; 4. Alkali liquid circulation pipeline on the oxygen side; 41. Alkali liquid filtering device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application discloses a test system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water using an anion exchange membrane, including an electrolysis device 1, wherein the electrolysis device 1 is provided with an electrolytic cell 11 for accommodating an electrolyte, and a hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device 2 is provided on one side of the electrolytic cell 11, wherein a gas-liquid separation device 21 is provided in the hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device 2 and one end of the gas-liquid separation device 2 is connected to the electrolytic cell 11 to collect hydrogen containing alkali liquid vapor generated by electrolysis, and the hydrogen containing alkali liquid vapor is subjected to gas-liquid separation by the gas-liquid separation device 21, and the separated hydrogen is discharged and collected. It should be noted that a capacitive liquid level sensor is provided in the gas-liquid separation device 21, which triggers intermittent alkali discharge when the liquid level exceeds 10 mm, and the alkali separated by the gas-liquid separation device 21 is transported to the oxygen side alkali liquid circulation pipeline 4 for discharge to complete the alkali liquid recycling, and a one-way valve is also provided between the gas-liquid separation device 21 and the oxygen side alkali liquid circulation pipeline 4 to prevent the oxygen side alkali liquid and oxygen from entering; A first oxygen-hydrogen analyzer 23 is also provided at one end of the gas-liquid separation device 21. A water tank 22 is also provided at the end of the first oxygen-hydrogen analyzer 23 away from the gas-liquid separation device 21. The hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separation device 21 is discharged after passing through the first oxygen-hydrogen analyzer 23 and the water tank 22.
[0027] On the other side of the electrolytic cell 11, an oxygen alkali washing device 3 is provided, which is connected to the electrolytic cell 11 and is provided with an oxygen side first-level alkali washing device 31 and an oxygen side second-level alkali washing device 32, wherein the oxygen side first-level alkali washing device 31 is directly connected to the electrolytic cell 11 and is provided with fillers inside. The oxygen after electrolysis is subjected to alkali washing treatment, and one end of the oxygen side first-level alkali washing device 31 is connected to the oxygen side second-level alkali washing device 32, and the oxygen after alkali washing by the oxygen side first-level alkali washing device 31 is subjected to secondary alkali washing treatment through deionized water arranged in the oxygen side second-level alkali washing device 32.
[0028] It should be noted that a second oxygen-hydrogen analyzer 33 is further provided on one side of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device 32 , and one end of the second oxygen-hydrogen analyzer 33 is connected to the upper end of the inner accommodating chamber of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device 32 .
[0029] An oxygen side alkali liquid circulation pipeline 4 is provided at the bottom end of the oxygen side primary alkali washing device 31, and the oxygen side alkali liquid circulation pipeline 4 is connected to the electrolytic cell 11 and an alkali liquid filtering device 41 is provided on the oxygen side alkali liquid circulation pipeline 4 and the electrolytic cell 11 bracket. The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with specific embodiments and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention and its implementation methods can be subjected to a variety of equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
[0030] All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the meanings conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. In the event of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.
[0031] When this specification uses the prefix "well known to those skilled in the art", "prior art" or similar terms to introduce materials, substances, methods, steps, devices or components, the objects introduced by the prefix include those commonly used in the art when this application is filed, but also include those that are not commonly used at present but will become generally recognized in the art to be suitable for similar purposes.
[0032] In the context of this specification, any matters or items not mentioned are directly applicable to those known in the art without any changes except those explicitly stated.
Claims
1. A test system for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water using an anion exchange membrane, characterized in that: include: An electrolysis device (1), wherein the electrolysis device (1) is provided with an electrolysis tank (11), wherein the electrolysis tank (11) is provided with a receiving chamber for receiving an electrolyte; A hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device (2), the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device (2) being arranged at one end of the electrolysis device (1) and being in communication with the electrolytic cell (11), the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device (2) being provided with a gas-liquid separation device (21) for performing gas-liquid separation on hydrogen containing alkali liquid vapor generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell (11); An oxygen alkali washing device (3) is provided at the other end of the electrolysis device (1), and the oxygen alkali washing device (3) is connected to the electrolytic cell (11) to perform alkali washing on oxygen containing alkali liquid vapor generated by electrolysis in the electrolytic cell (11).
2. The anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device (2) comprises: a gas-liquid separation device (21), the gas-liquid separation device (21) being provided at one end of the electrolysis device (1) and being in communication with the electrolysis tank (11); a water tank (22), the water tank (22) being arranged at one end of the gas-liquid separation device (21) away from the electrolysis device (1) and being in communication with the gas-liquid separation device (21), and collecting the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separation device (21); A first hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer (23) is provided between the water tank (22) and the gas-liquid separation device (21); one end of the first hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer (23) is connected to the gas-liquid separation device (21), and the other end is connected to the water tank (22).
3. The anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen alkali washing device (3) comprises: an oxygen-side primary alkali washing device (31), the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device (31) being connected to the electrolytic cell (11) to collect oxygen generated by electrolysis, and a alkali washing filler being provided in the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device (31) to separate alkali vapor from the oxygen generated by electrolysis; An oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device (32) is provided on a side of the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device (31) away from the electrolytic cell (11), and a receiving chamber is provided in the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device (32) for storing deionized water. The oxygen separated by the oxygen-side primary alkali washing device (31) is transported to the deionized water in the receiving chamber via the bottom of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device (32) for secondary alkali washing. A second hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer (33) is provided on one side of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device (32), and one end of the second hydrogen-in-oxygen analyzer (33) is communicated with the upper end of the inner accommodating chamber of the oxygen-side secondary alkali washing device (32).
4. The anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system also includes: An oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline (4), the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline (4) is provided at one end of the electrolytic cell (11) close to the oxygen alkali washing device (3), one end of the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline (4) is connected to the hydrogen-side gas-liquid separation device (2) to collect the alkali liquid after gas-liquid separation, the other end of the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline (4) is connected to one end of the oxygen alkali washing device (3) to collect the alkali liquid after alkali washing by the oxygen alkali washing device (3), and a circulation pump is provided in the oxygen-side alkali liquid circulation pipeline (4) to transport the collected alkali liquid to the electrolytic cell (11); An alkali solution filtering device (41), one end of the alkali solution filtering device (41) is connected to the electrolytic cell (11), and the other end of the alkali solution filtering device (41) is connected to the alkali solution collecting device.
5. A test method for the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production test system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the active area of the water electrolysis hydrogen production electrode, the number of membranes and electrodes, and determine the alkali solution flow rate, rated voltage, and rated current; Start the alkali pump and power supply, circulate the alkali solution at a constant alkali solution flow rate according to the determined parameters, and adjust the power supply current and voltage for testing; The alkali solution is collected by the hydrogen side gas-liquid separation device (2) and the oxygen alkali washing device (3) and recycled for reuse; The test data of current and voltage, inlet and outlet temperatures of the electrolytic cell (11), gas purity, and gas flow are recorded.
6. The test method of a hydrogen production test system using anion exchange membrane water electrolysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The parameters include: The active area of the water electrolysis hydrogen production electrode, the number of membranes and electrodes, the alkali solution flow rate, the rated voltage and the rated current.