Device and method for simulating influence of impurities on water attack effect of supercritical CO2 pipeline

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for simulating the influence of impurities on the water attack effect of a supercritical CO2 pipeline, the device comprises a CO2 supply module, a mixer, an impurity adding module, a pipeline water attack simulation module, a parameter monitoring module and a data analysis module, the CO2 supply module comprises a high-pressure storage tank, a booster pump group, a discharge pipe and a preheater; the pipeline water attack simulation module comprises an experimental pipeline, a shut-off valve and a pressure stabilizing assembly; the parameter monitoring module is used for collecting pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters, related to the water attack effect, of the experimental pipeline in real time. According to the method, water attack simulation of the supercritical CO2 pipeline without impurities and water attack simulation of the supercritical CO2 pipeline containing impurities are conducted, repeated experiments are conducted by changing the types and the content of the impurities for multiple times, and water attack effect data under different working conditions are comprehensively collected. And the data analysis module is used for summarizing and contrastively analyzing a large amount of data, so that the influence rule and the action mechanism of various impurities on the supercritical CO2 pipeline water attack effect can be systematically revealed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fluid pipeline simulation experiments, and in particular to a device and method for simulating the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of a supercritical CO2 pipeline. Background Art

[0002] In the context of global climate change response, CCUS (carbon capture, utilization, and storage) technology has garnered widespread attention and research as a key means of achieving large-scale carbon emissions reductions. Supercritical CO2 pipeline transportation, a key link in the CCUS technology chain, ensures its safe and stable operation is crucial to the effectiveness of the entire CCUS system. The effective implementation of supercritical CO2 pipeline transportation can significantly promote carbon emissions reduction efforts, contribute to the achievement of global climate goals, and have far-reaching implications for the sustainable development of the energy industry. It demonstrates tremendous potential in reducing carbon emissions and improving energy efficiency, driving continuous exploration and progress in related fields.

[0003] Currently, research on water hammer in crude oil, refined oil, and water pipelines is relatively mature. This research primarily focuses on analyzing and predicting water hammer using various mathematical models and monitoring methods. For example, by establishing one- or multi-dimensional fluid dynamics equations and combining them with numerical simulation methods, parameters such as pressure and flow rate within the pipeline are calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, devices such as pressure sensors and flow meters are used to monitor the pipeline's operating status in real time, enabling the timely detection and resolution of water hammer issues. However, relatively little research has been conducted on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines, particularly those containing impurities.

[0004] During operation, supercritical CO2 pipelines are prone to water hammer due to factors such as pump station power outages and rapid valve opening and closing. Existing water hammer research often focuses on the analysis of a single factor or parameter, failing to fully consider the multi-dimensional impact of impurities on water hammer. Furthermore, the physical properties of impurity-laden supercritical CO2 differ significantly from those of pure supercritical CO2, further complicating the mechanisms and patterns of water hammer. Consequently, existing research methods struggle to accurately simulate and analyze the impact of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a device and method for simulating the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines, so as to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately simulate and analyze the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a device and method for simulating the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines, comprising:

[0008] The CO2 supply module includes a high-pressure storage tank, a booster pump group, a discharge pipe, and a preheater. The high-pressure storage tank is used to store CO2 liquid. The inlet of the booster pump group is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank. The outlet of the booster pump group is connected to one end of the discharge pipe. The preheater is used to heat the CO2 liquid in the discharge pipe to the temperature required for the supercritical state.

[0009] a mixer, wherein a first inlet of the mixer is in communication with the discharge pipe;

[0010] an impurity adding module, for injecting H2O, H2S, and O2 impurities into the second inlet of the mixer;

[0011] A pipeline water hammer simulation module, comprising an experimental pipeline, a shut-off valve, and a pressure stabilizing assembly, wherein the inlet end of the experimental pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the mixer, the shut-off valve is arranged on the experimental pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing assembly comprises a back pressure valve and a collection tank, wherein the inlet end of the back pressure valve is connected to the outlet end of the experimental pipeline, and the outlet end of the back pressure valve is connected to the collection tank;

[0012] Parameter monitoring module, used to collect real-time pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters related to water hammer effect in the experimental pipeline;

[0013] The data analysis module is used to compare the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines under different impurity types and contents, and analyze the impact of various impurities on the water hammer effect.

[0014] In some embodiments, the CO2 supply module further includes a CO2 pressure sensor and a CO2 flow meter, and the CO2 pressure sensor and the CO2 flow meter are both disposed in the exhaust pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, the CO2 supply module further includes a temperature sensor, which is disposed on the exhaust pipe and located in front of the preheater.

[0016] In some embodiments, the impurity addition module includes a H2O addition module, a H2S addition module, and an O2 addition module;

[0017] The H2O addition module includes a first storage tank, a first injection pump, a first injection pipe, a first flow meter, and a first injection valve. The first storage tank is used to store H2O. The inlet of the first injection pump is connected to the outlet of the first storage tank. The outlet of the first injection pump is connected to one end of the first injection pipe. The other end of the first injection pipe is connected to one end of the first injection valve. The other end of the first injection valve is connected to the second inlet of the mixer via a manifold. The first flow meter is provided on the first injection pipe.

[0018] The H2S addition module includes a second storage tank, a second injection pump, a second injection pipe, a second flow meter and a second injection valve. The second storage tank is used to store H2S. The inlet of the second injection pump is connected to the outlet of the second storage tank. The outlet of the second injection pump is connected to one end of the second injection pipe. The other end of the second injection pipe is connected to one end of the second injection valve. The other end of the second injection valve is connected to the manifold. The second flow meter is provided on the second injection pipe.

[0019] The O2 addition module includes a third storage tank, a third injection pump, a third injection pipe, a third flowmeter and a third injection valve. The third storage tank is used to store O2. The inlet of the third injection pump is connected to the outlet of the third storage tank, the outlet of the third injection pump is connected to one end of the third injection pipe, the other end of the third injection pipe is connected to one end of the third injection valve, the other end of the third injection valve is connected to the collecting pipe, and the third flowmeter is arranged on the third injection pipe.

[0020] In some embodiments, the device for simulating the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines also includes a vacuum module, which includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum valve and a vacuum pump. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to the collecting pipe, and the other end of the vacuum tube is connected to the inlet of the vacuum pump. The vacuum valve is arranged on the vacuum tube.

[0021] In some embodiments, the parameter monitoring module includes a plurality of high-frequency pressure sensors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental pipeline and are used to collect pressures at different positions on the experimental pipeline.

[0022] In some embodiments, the parameter monitoring module further includes a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device, wherein the sensing optical fiber of the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device is wound around the outside of the experimental pipeline.

[0023] In some embodiments, the parameter monitoring module further includes an inlet flow meter, which is disposed at the inlet end of the experimental pipeline.

[0024] In some embodiments, the parameter monitoring module includes a plurality of acceleration sensors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental pipeline and are used to collect vibrations at different positions on the experimental pipeline.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for simulating the effect of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines, including the device for simulating the effect of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines, and comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. Conduct a water hammer simulation of supercritical CO2 pipeline without impurities. The liquid CO2 stored in the high-pressure storage tank is extracted and pressurized by the booster pump group, and then transported to the preheater through the discharge pipe. The preheater heats the liquid CO2 to the temperature required for the supercritical state. Combined with the high pressure maintained by the booster pump group, it is converted into pure supercritical CO2 fluid. The pure supercritical CO2 fluid enters the experimental pipeline through the mixer and is then discharged to the collection tank through the back pressure valve. When the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stable at the preset values, the water hammer phenomenon is triggered by quickly operating the shut-off valve. The parameter monitoring module collects the pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline in real time, and records the data of the water hammer effect under the pure supercritical CO2 working condition;

[0027] S2. Conduct water hammer simulation of supercritical CO2 pipeline containing impurities, open the shut-off valve, and open the impurity addition module after the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stabilized at preset values. Inject at least one of the three impurities H2O, H2S, and O2 into the pure supercritical CO2 fluid through the second inlet of the mixer, fully mix them in the mixer to form a supercritical CO2 fluid containing impurities, enter the experimental pipeline, and then discharge it into the collection tank through the back pressure valve. When the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stabilized at preset values, induce water hammer by quickly operating the shut-off valve. The parameter monitoring module collects the pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline in real time, and records the data of water hammer effect under the working condition of supercritical CO2 containing impurities;

[0028] S3. Keeping other conditions unchanged, change the impurity type and content in sequence, repeat the water hammer simulation process, and collect data on the water hammer effect under different impurity content conditions;

[0029] S4. The data analysis module summarizes all experimental data and compares the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines under conditions of no impurities, different contents of a single impurity, and mixed impurities. By comparing parameters such as pressure peak changes, fluctuation frequency, and vibration intensity under different working conditions, the influence of various impurities on the water hammer effect and the mechanism of action are systematically analyzed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the device and method for simulating the effects of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines provided by the present invention are as follows: by conducting water hammer simulations on supercritical CO2 pipelines containing and without impurities, and repeating the experiments multiple times by changing the type and content of impurities, comprehensive water hammer data under different operating conditions are collected. The data analysis module summarizes and compares large amounts of data, and can systematically reveal the influence patterns and mechanisms of various impurities on the water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines. Compared with the prior art, this method comprehensively considers multiple impurities and different contents, and more comprehensively and deeply studies the impact of impurities on water hammer, providing a more scientific basis for the design, operation, and maintenance of supercritical CO2 pipelines, and helping to improve the safety, stability, and reliability of the pipelines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pipeline water hammer simulation module;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the CO2 supply module;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the impurity adding module in FIG.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals: 1-CO2 supply module, 11-high-pressure storage tank, 12-boosting pump group, 13-discharge pipe, 14-preheater, 15-CO2 pressure sensor, 16-CO2 flow meter, 17-temperature sensor, 2-mixer, 3-impurity addition module, 31-H2O addition module, 311-first storage tank, 312-first injection pump, 313-first injection pipe, 314-first flow meter, 315-first injection valve, 32-H2S addition module, 321-second storage tank, 322-second injection pump, 323-second injection pipe, 324-second flow meter, 32 5-Second injection valve, 33-O2 addition module, 331-Third storage tank, 332-Third injection pump, 333-Third injection pipe, 334-Third flowmeter, 335-Third injection valve, 34-Manifold, 4-Pipeline water hammer simulation module, 41-Experimental pipeline, 42-Shut-off valve, 43-Pressure stabilizing component, 431-Back pressure valve, 432-Collection tank, 5-Parameter monitoring module, 51-High frequency pressure sensor, 52-Distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device, 53-Inlet flowmeter, 54-Acceleration sensor, 6-Vacuum module, 61-Vacuum tube, 62-Vacuum valve, 63-Vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can fully combine the embodiments of the present invention, and other embodiments obtained without creative work are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] This application mainly adopts the setting of multiple modules to simulate the influence of impurities on the water hammer of supercritical CO2 pipelines, achieving the effect of comprehensively analyzing the influence of various impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines. The following is a further detailed description of this application.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5The device for simulating the effect of impurities on supercritical CO2 pipeline water hammer provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a CO2 supply module 1, a mixer 2, an impurity addition module 3, a pipeline water hammer simulation module 4, a parameter monitoring module 5 and a data analysis module. The CO2 supply module 1 is used to provide CO2 fluid in a supercritical state, and its discharge pipe 13 is connected to the first inlet of the mixer 2. The impurity addition module 3 is connected to the second inlet of the mixer 2, and can inject impurities into the mixer 2 to mix with the supercritical CO2 fluid. The mixed fluid enters the pipeline water hammer simulation module 4 to simulate the transient process of water hammer. The parameter monitoring module 5 collects parameters related to the water hammer effect in real time. The data analysis module compares and analyzes data under different impurity types and contents, thereby achieving the effect of effectively simulating the effect of impurities on the supercritical CO2 pipeline water hammer effect and comprehensively and systematically analyzing the influence laws and action mechanisms of various impurities. This is because the modules have clear division of labor and close cooperation, completely covering the entire process from supercritical CO2 fluid supply, impurity addition, water hammer simulation, parameter collection to data analysis.

[0041] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The CO2 supply module 1 includes a high-pressure storage tank 11, a booster pump assembly 12, a discharge pipe 13, and a preheater 14. The high-pressure storage tank 11 is typically a well-sealed tank made of high-strength metal, such as carbon steel or stainless steel, and is primarily used to store liquid CO2. The inlet of the booster pump assembly 12 is tightly connected to the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank 11 via a pipeline. The booster pump assembly 12 can be a centrifugal pump or a plunger pump, and its function is to extract and pressurize the CO2 liquid within the high-pressure storage tank 11. The discharge pipe 13 is a pipe used to transport the pressurized CO2 liquid and is also often made of a corrosion-resistant metal pipe. The preheater 14 is typically an electric heater or heat exchanger, mounted on the outside of the discharge pipe 13 or integrated within the discharge pipe 13, and is used to heat the CO2 liquid within the discharge pipe 13 to the temperature required for the supercritical state. In addition, the CO2 supply module 1 may also include a CO2 pressure sensor 15 and a CO2 flowmeter 16, both of which are located on the discharge pipe 13. The CO2 pressure sensor 15 can be a strain gauge pressure sensor or a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and is used to monitor the CO2 pressure in the discharge pipe 13 in real time. The CO2 flowmeter 16 can be an electromagnetic flowmeter or a turbine flowmeter, and is used to measure the flow rate of CO2. A temperature sensor 17 can also be provided. The temperature sensor 17 is disposed in the discharge pipe 13 and is located in front of the preheater 14 (with reference to the direction of fluid flow). For example, a thermocouple thermometer can be used to measure the temperature of the CO2 liquid discharged from the preheater 14, thereby facilitating the control of the heating parameters of the preheater 14.

[0042] The combined logic and effect of the various components of CO2 supply module 1 are as follows: the CO2 liquid stored in high-pressure storage tank 11 is first pressurized by booster pump unit 12 and then transported through discharge pipe 13. During transportation, preheater 14 heats it to a supercritical state. CO2 pressure sensor 15 and CO2 flowmeter 16 monitor pressure and flow in real time to ensure that the output is a supercritical CO2 fluid that meets the requirements. This combination enables precise control of the parameters of the supercritical CO2 fluid, providing a stable and reliable foundation for subsequent experiments.

[0043] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The impurity addition module 3 includes an H2O addition module 31, an H2S addition module 32 and an O2 addition module 33. The H2O addition module 31 includes a first storage tank 311, a first injection pump 312, a first injection pipe 313, a first flowmeter 314 and a first injection valve 315. The first storage tank 311 is generally a plastic or glass container for storing H2O. The first injection pump 312 can be a diaphragm pump or a gear pump, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the first storage tank 311 through a pipeline. The pipeline here usually needs to consider corrosion resistance and sealing performance. The first injection pipe 313 connects the outlet of the first injection pump 312 and the first injection valve 315. The first flowmeter 314 is arranged on the first injection pipe 313. A rotor flowmeter or an elliptical gear flowmeter can be selected to measure the flow rate of injected H2O. The first injection valve 315 controls the injection of H2O. An electric ball valve or a pneumatic ball valve can be used. The H2S addition module 32 includes a second storage tank 321, a second injection pump 322, a second injection pipe 323, a second flowmeter 324, and a second injection valve 325. Its structure and connection method are similar to those of the H2O addition module 31. The second storage tank 321 is used to store H2S. Because H2S is toxic and corrosive, the second storage tank 321 and connecting pipes and other components must be made of special corrosion-resistant materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene-coated containers and pipes. The O2 addition module 33 includes a third storage tank 331, a third injection pump 332, a third injection pipe 333, a third flowmeter 334, and a third injection valve 335. Similarly, the third storage tank 331 stores O2, and the relevant components must also ensure safety and sealing. The other ends of these three addition modules are connected to the manifold 34, which is in turn connected to the second inlet of the mixer 2, allowing the three impurities to be injected into the mixer 2 separately or simultaneously. In addition, the device may also include a vacuum module 6, which includes a vacuum tube 61, a vacuum valve 62, and a vacuum pump 63. One end of the vacuum tube 61 is connected to the manifold 34, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the vacuum pump 63. The vacuum valve 62 is provided on the vacuum tube 61. When it is necessary to clear residual gas in the pipeline or create a vacuum environment, the vacuum valve 62 is opened and the vacuum pump 63 is started to perform the vacuum operation.

[0044] The combined logic and effectiveness of the various components of impurity addition module 3 are as follows: each module stores and delivers a different impurity, with the flow meter and injection valve precisely controlling the injection volume. A collection pipe 34 collects the three impurities and injects them into mixer 2. The vacuum module 6 ensures cleanliness and vacuum within the pipe. This combination enables flexible and precise addition of impurities of varying types and concentrations, meeting the needs of a variety of experimental conditions.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pipeline water hammer simulation module 4 includes an experimental pipeline 41, a shut-off valve 42 and a pressure stabilizing component 43. The experimental pipeline 41 is generally made of a pipe with good corrosion resistance and high strength, such as a 316L stainless steel pipe, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet of the mixer 2. The shut-off valve 42 is arranged in the experimental pipeline 41, and an electro-hydraulic driven ball valve can be used. It has the characteristics of fast response speed and can quickly cut off the flow of fluid, thereby causing water hammer. The pressure stabilizing component 43 includes a back pressure valve 431 and a collection tank 432. The inlet of the back pressure valve 431 is connected to the outlet end of the experimental pipeline 41, and the outlet is connected to the collection tank 432. The back pressure valve 431 can set a certain pressure value to ensure the stability of the pressure in the experimental pipeline 41. The collection tank 432 is used to collect the fluid discharged from the experimental pipeline 41.

[0046] The combined logic and effect of the various components of pipeline water hammer simulation module 4 are as follows: After mixing impurities in the supercritical CO₂ fluid, it enters the experimental pipeline 41. When water hammer simulation is required, the shutoff valve 42 is quickly closed, initiating the water hammer phenomenon. The backpressure valve 431 maintains a stable pressure within the experimental pipeline 41, and the collection tank 432 collects the discharged fluid. This combination effectively simulates the transient water hammer process in a supercritical CO₂ pipeline.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The parameter monitoring module 5 includes a number of high-frequency pressure sensors 51, a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device 52, an inlet flow meter 53 and a number of acceleration sensors 54. The high-frequency pressure sensors 51 are arranged at equal intervals in the experimental pipeline 41, for example, one is arranged at a certain distance (such as 0.5m), and are used to collect pressures at different positions on the experimental pipeline 41. The sensing optical fiber of the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device 52 is wound around the outside of the experimental pipeline 41 and spirally wound along the pipe section with a certain spatial resolution (such as 10mm), which can monitor the temperature changes of the experimental pipeline 41 in real time. The inlet flow meter 53 is set at the inlet end of the experimental pipeline 41, and a laser Doppler flow meter can be used to measure the flow rate of the fluid entering the experimental pipeline 41. The acceleration sensors 54 are arranged at equal intervals in the experimental pipeline 41, and piezoelectric acceleration sensors can be selected to collect vibrations at different positions on the experimental pipeline 41.

[0048] The combined logic and effect of the various components of parameter monitoring module 5 are as follows: high-frequency pressure sensor 51, distributed fiber-optic temperature measurement device 52, inlet flowmeter 53, and accelerometer 54 monitor experimental pipeline 41 from different perspectives, collecting pressure, temperature, flow rate, and vibration parameters, and comprehensively acquiring data related to water hammer. This combination provides rich and accurate information for subsequent data analysis.

[0049] The data analysis module receives various types of data collected by the parameter monitoring module 5, and conducts comparative analysis on the water hammer effects of supercritical CO2 pipelines under conditions of no impurities, different contents of a single impurity, and mixed impurities. By comparing parameters such as pressure peak changes, fluctuation frequency, vibration intensity, and temperature under different working conditions, the influence of various impurities on the water hammer effect and the mechanism of action are systematically analyzed.

[0050] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: Through the coordinated operation of various modules, the simulation device implements the entire process, from supercritical CO2 fluid supply, impurity addition, water hammer simulation, to parameter acquisition and data analysis. The rational design and close coordination of these modules enable precise control of experimental conditions, comprehensive acquisition of parameters related to water hammer, and accurate analysis of the impact of various impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines. Compared to existing technologies, this device more comprehensively and systematically considers the comprehensive impact of impurities on water hammer across multiple dimensions, providing strong technical support for the safe and stable operation of supercritical CO2 pipelines.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the injection pump of the impurity addition module 3 can be replaced by a peristaltic pump instead of the original diaphragm pump, gear pump, etc. A peristaltic pump is a pump that transports fluid by squeezing a hose through a rotating roller. It has the advantages of being pollution-free, highly precise, and having strong self-priming ability. When using a peristaltic pump, it is only necessary to connect the outlet of the corresponding storage tank to the inlet of the peristaltic pump, and the outlet of the peristaltic pump to the injection tube. This can better ensure the purity of the impurities when transporting some impurities that are sensitive to pollution, and can also more accurately control the injection volume.

[0053] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: using a peristaltic pump as the injection pump of the impurity addition module 3 can utilize its own advantages to improve the accuracy and purity of impurity injection, further optimize the experimental conditions, and make the experimental results more accurate and reliable. Compared with traditional injection pumps, it has better applicability in certain specific experimental scenarios, enhances the overall performance and experimental effects of the simulation device, and improves and perfects the existing technology.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] The method for simulating the effect of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, conducts a water hammer simulation of supercritical CO2 pipeline without impurities. The liquid CO2 stored in the high-pressure storage tank 11 is extracted and pressurized by the booster pump group 12 through a corrosion-resistant pipeline. The booster pump in the booster pump group 12 starts to operate, sucking the liquid CO2 out of the high-pressure storage tank 11 and increasing the pressure to a higher pressure value. Afterwards, the liquid CO2 is transported to the preheater 14 through the discharge pipe 13. The preheater 14 starts to work. It can be in the form of an electric heating element or a heat exchanger, etc., to heat the liquid CO2 to the temperature required for the supercritical state, which is higher than 31.1°C. At the same time, the booster pump group 12 maintains a high pressure, which is higher than 7.38MPa. Under such high temperature and high pressure conditions, the liquid CO2 is converted into pure supercritical CO2 fluid. Pure supercritical CO2 fluid enters the experimental pipeline 41 through the mixer 2 (at this time, the impurity addition module 3 is closed). During this process, the CO2 pressure sensor 15, CO2 flowmeter 16, and temperature sensor 17 on the discharge pipe 13 monitor the pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the CO2 in real time to ensure that the fluid parameters entering the experimental pipeline 41 meet the requirements. The pure supercritical CO2 fluid flows through the experimental pipeline 41 and is ultimately discharged through the backpressure valve 431 into the collection tank 432. When the flow rate and pressure in the experimental pipeline 41 stabilize at preset values, the operator quickly operates the shutoff valve 42, such as quickly closing the electro-hydraulic ball valve, to induce water hammer. At this point, the parameter monitoring module 5 begins to collect the pressure, temperature, flow rate, and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline 41 in real time. The high-frequency pressure sensor 51 collects pressure changes at different locations, the distributed fiber optic temperature measurement device 52 monitors temperature changes, the inlet flowmeter 53 measures flow rate, and the accelerometer 54 records vibration, recording data on the water hammer effect under pure supercritical CO2 conditions.

[0057] S2: Conduct a water hammer simulation of a supercritical CO2 pipeline containing impurities. Open shutoff valve 42 to restore normal flow in experimental pipeline 41. After the flow and pressure in experimental pipeline 41 stabilize at preset values, activate impurity addition module 3. First, open vacuum valve 62 and vacuum pump 63 of vacuum module 6 to evacuate manifold 34 to remove any residual gas within the pipe. Then, based on experimental requirements, inject at least one of the three impurities, H2O, H2S, or O2, into the pure supercritical CO2 fluid through the second inlet of mixer 2. For example, injecting H2O, first injection pump 312 begins operation, pumping H2O from first storage tank 311 through first injection pipe 313. First flowmeter 314 measures the injection flow in real time, and first injection valve 315 controls the injection. H2O enters mixer 2 through manifold 34, along with any other impurities that may be injected. Within mixer 2, the impurities thoroughly mix with the pure supercritical CO2 fluid, forming a supercritical CO2 fluid containing impurities. The impure supercritical CO₂ fluid enters the experimental pipeline 41 and is then discharged from the backpressure valve 431 into the collection tank 432. Once the flow rate and pressure in the experimental pipeline 41 stabilize at preset values, the shutoff valve 42 is quickly operated again to induce water hammer. The parameter monitoring module 5 also collects the pressure, temperature, flow rate, and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline 41 in real time, recording data on the water hammer effect under the impure supercritical CO₂ operating conditions.

[0058] S3: Keeping other conditions unchanged, sequentially change the impurity type and content. For example, first change the HO content by adjusting the operating parameters of the first injection pump 312 or the opening of the first injection valve 315 to change the amount of HO injected. Repeat the water hammer simulation process to collect data on the water hammer effect under different HO content conditions. Then, perform similar operations on H2S and O2, varying their content respectively. Repeat the water hammer simulation multiple times to collect data on the water hammer effect under different impurity content conditions.

[0059] S4, the data analysis module, summarizes all experimental data. It organizes and analyzes data on supercritical CO2 pipeline water hammer under conditions of no impurities, varying concentrations of a single impurity, and a mixture of multiple impurities. By comparing parameters such as peak pressure changes, fluctuation frequency, and vibration intensity under different operating conditions, data analysis software or algorithms are used to systematically analyze the patterns and mechanisms of influence of various impurities on water hammer. For example, by observing how peak pressure changes, whether fluctuation frequency accelerates, and whether vibration intensity increases with increasing concentrations of a particular impurity, the specific impact of each impurity on supercritical CO2 pipeline water hammer can be determined.

[0060] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This simulation method gradually simulates water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines with and without impurities, repeatedly varying the impurity type and content, and comprehensively collects water hammer data under different operating conditions. The data analysis module summarizes and compares the large amount of data, systematically revealing the influence patterns and mechanisms of various impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines. Compared with existing technologies, this method comprehensively considers multiple impurities and their varying contents, providing a more comprehensive and in-depth study of the impact of impurities on water hammer. This provides a more scientific basis for the design, operation, and maintenance of supercritical CO2 pipelines, helping to improve the safety, stability, and reliability of the pipelines.

[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the effect of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines, characterized in that: include: The CO2 supply module includes a high-pressure storage tank, a booster pump group, a discharge pipe, and a preheater. The high-pressure storage tank is used to store CO2 liquid. The inlet of the booster pump group is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank. The outlet of the booster pump group is connected to one end of the discharge pipe. The preheater is used to heat the CO2 liquid in the discharge pipe to the temperature required for the supercritical state. a mixer, wherein a first inlet of the mixer is in communication with the discharge pipe; an impurity adding module, for injecting H2O, H2S, and O2 impurities into the second inlet of the mixer; A pipeline water hammer simulation module, comprising an experimental pipeline, a shut-off valve, and a pressure stabilizing assembly, wherein the inlet end of the experimental pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the mixer, the shut-off valve is arranged on the experimental pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing assembly comprises a back pressure valve and a collection tank, wherein the inlet end of the back pressure valve is connected to the outlet end of the experimental pipeline, and the outlet end of the back pressure valve is connected to the collection tank; Parameter monitoring module, used to collect real-time pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters related to water hammer effect in the experimental pipeline; The data analysis module is used to compare the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines under different impurity types and contents, and analyze the impact of various impurities on the water hammer effect.

2. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The CO2 supply module further includes a CO2 pressure sensor and a CO2 flow meter, and the CO2 pressure sensor and the CO2 flow meter are both arranged on the discharge pipe.

3. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CO2 supply module further includes a temperature sensor, which is disposed on the exhaust pipe and located in front of the preheater.

4. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impurity adding module includes an H2O adding module, an H2S adding module and an O2 adding module; The H2O addition module includes a first storage tank, a first injection pump, a first injection pipe, a first flow meter, and a first injection valve. The first storage tank is used to store H2O. The inlet of the first injection pump is connected to the outlet of the first storage tank. The outlet of the first injection pump is connected to one end of the first injection pipe. The other end of the first injection pipe is connected to one end of the first injection valve. The other end of the first injection valve is connected to the second inlet of the mixer via a manifold. The first flow meter is provided on the first injection pipe. The H2S addition module includes a second storage tank, a second injection pump, a second injection pipe, a second flow meter and a second injection valve. The second storage tank is used to store H2S. The inlet of the second injection pump is connected to the outlet of the second storage tank. The outlet of the second injection pump is connected to one end of the second injection pipe. The other end of the second injection pipe is connected to one end of the second injection valve. The other end of the second injection valve is connected to the manifold. The second flow meter is provided on the second injection pipe. The O2 addition module includes a third storage tank, a third injection pump, a third injection pipe, a third flowmeter and a third injection valve. The third storage tank is used to store O2. The inlet of the third injection pump is connected to the outlet of the third storage tank, the outlet of the third injection pump is connected to one end of the third injection pipe, the other end of the third injection pipe is connected to one end of the third injection valve, the other end of the third injection valve is connected to the collecting pipe, and the third flowmeter is arranged on the third injection pipe.

5. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum pumping module, which includes a vacuum tube, a vacuum valve and a vacuum pump. One end of the vacuum tube is connected to the collecting pipe, and the other end of the vacuum tube is connected to the inlet of the vacuum pump. The vacuum valve is arranged on the vacuum tube.

6. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter monitoring module includes a plurality of high-frequency pressure sensors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental pipeline and are used to collect pressure at different positions on the experimental pipeline.

7. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter monitoring module further includes a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device, wherein the sensing optical fiber of the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device is wound around the outside of the experimental pipeline.

8. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter monitoring module further includes an inlet flow meter, which is arranged at the inlet end of the experimental pipeline.

9. The device for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer effect in supercritical CO2 pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameter monitoring module includes a plurality of acceleration sensors, which are arranged at equal intervals on the experimental pipeline and are used to collect vibrations at different positions on the experimental pipeline.

10. A method for simulating the influence of impurities on water hammer in supercritical CO2 pipelines, characterized in that: The device for simulating the influence of impurities on the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Conduct a water hammer simulation of supercritical CO2 pipeline without impurities. The liquid CO2 stored in the high-pressure storage tank is extracted and pressurized by the booster pump group, and then transported to the preheater through the discharge pipe. The preheater heats the liquid CO2 to the temperature required for the supercritical state. Combined with the high pressure maintained by the booster pump group, it is converted into pure supercritical CO2 fluid. The pure supercritical CO2 fluid enters the experimental pipeline through the mixer and is then discharged to the collection tank through the back pressure valve. When the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stable at the preset values, the water hammer phenomenon is triggered by quickly operating the shut-off valve. The parameter monitoring module collects the pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline in real time, and records the data of the water hammer effect under the pure supercritical CO2 working condition; S2. Conduct water hammer simulation of supercritical CO2 pipeline containing impurities, open the shut-off valve, and open the impurity addition module after the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stabilized at preset values. Inject at least one of the three impurities H2O, H2S, and O2 into the pure supercritical CO2 fluid through the second inlet of the mixer, fully mix them in the mixer to form a supercritical CO2 fluid containing impurities, enter the experimental pipeline, and then discharge it into the collection tank through the back pressure valve. When the flow and pressure in the experimental pipeline are stabilized at preset values, induce water hammer by quickly operating the shut-off valve. The parameter monitoring module collects the pressure, temperature, flow and vibration parameters in the experimental pipeline in real time, and records the data of water hammer effect under the working condition of supercritical CO2 containing impurities; S3. Keeping other conditions unchanged, change the impurity type and content in sequence, repeat the water hammer simulation process, and collect data on the water hammer effect under different impurity content conditions; S4. The data analysis module summarizes all experimental data and compares the water hammer effect of supercritical CO2 pipelines under conditions of no impurities, different contents of a single impurity, and mixed impurities. By comparing parameters such as pressure peak changes, fluctuation frequency, and vibration intensity under different working conditions, the influence of various impurities on the water hammer effect and the mechanism of action are systematically analyzed.

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