Coupler load calibration system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, in particular to a car coupler load calibration system. The car coupler load calibration system comprises a base and first and second car coupler seats which are arranged in a relative interval along a first direction and used for mounting a car coupler; the base is capable of mounting a longitudinal load loading device which can provide a longitudinal load, a transverse load loading device which can provide a transverse load and a vertical load loading device which can provide a vertical load. Thus, three-way load calibration of the car coupler is realized, and the calibration object of the application is two car couplers which are coupled and connected, compared with the mode that the calibration object is an independent car coupler, the force bearing condition of the car coupler under actual working conditions can be effectively simulated, so that the accuracy of the test is improved; meanwhile, the application can realize simultaneous loading of three-way load, simulate the three-way force coupling condition of the car coupler under actual working conditions, and test the performance of the car coupler under a complex real force environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail transit vehicle technology, and in particular to a coupler load calibration system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the railway transportation industry, heavy-haul freight trains have achieved significant improvements in load capacity, train formation size, and operating speed, marking the entry of railway freight into the era of high-speed transportation. Modern freight trains face complex track conditions during high-speed operation, including the influence of curves, gradients, and other track features. In this complex operating environment, the coupler, as a key component connecting the train, bears combined loads from three directions: longitudinal tension and compression loads, horizontal lateral loads, and vertical loads. The interaction of these complex multi-directional loads places higher demands on the structural safety and service performance of the coupler.

[0003] To ensure the safe operation of freight trains and provide a scientific basis for the full life-cycle design of couplers, accurately identifying the triaxial loads on couplers under actual working conditions is crucial. However, current methods for measuring and analyzing coupler loads still have shortcomings, and traditional calibration methods often fail to fully reflect the performance of couplers under complex stress environments. This poses certain challenges to existing technologies in coupler safety assessment and design optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coupler load calibration system that can simulate the load stress of the coupler under real working conditions and calibrate the three-dimensional load of the coupler.

[0005] This invention provides a coupler load calibration system, including a base, a first coupler seat, and a second coupler seat;

[0006] The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are disposed on the base at a distance from each other along a first direction, and the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are used to install coupler coupling;

[0007] The base is provided with a first mounting part, a second mounting part and a third mounting part;

[0008] The first mounting part can be equipped with a longitudinal loading device to apply a longitudinal load along the first direction to the coupler coupling using the longitudinal load loading device;

[0009] The second mounting part can be equipped with a lateral load loading device to apply a lateral load along the second direction to the coupler coupling using the lateral load loading device;

[0010] The third mounting part can be equipped with a vertical load loading device to apply a vertical load along a third direction to the coupler coupling using the vertical load loading device.

[0011] The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the base includes a first base and a second base that are spaced apart from each other along the first direction;

[0013] The first coupler seat is connected to the side of the first base facing the second base;

[0014] The second base is provided with the first mounting part for mounting the longitudinal loading device. The second coupler seat is located on the side of the second base facing the first base and is connected to the drive end of the longitudinal loading device. The drive end of the longitudinal load loading device is retractable along the first direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the base includes a mounting seat disposed between the first base and the second base;

[0016] The mounting base forms a second mounting portion on at least one side of the coupler in the second direction for mounting the lateral load loading device, such that the drive end of the lateral load loading device can abut against the coupler, and the drive end of the lateral load loading device is retractable along the second direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting base has a third mounting portion formed on at least one side of the third direction of the coupler connection for mounting a vertical load loading device, so that the drive end of the vertical load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the drive end of the vertical load loading device is retractable along the third direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the relative position between the first base and the second base is adjustable along the first direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the base also includes a tie rod; both the first base and the second base are provided with a plurality of connecting holes in the circumference, and the plurality of connecting holes of the first base correspond one-to-one with the plurality of connecting holes of the second base and the tie rod passes through them;

[0020] Both the first base and the second base are slidable along the pull rod, and both ends of the pull rod are provided with first positioning elements for fixing the first base and the second base.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with multiple sliding connection parts, which are slidably sleeved on the multiple pull rods in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0022] Furthermore, the drive ends of the longitudinal load loading device, the transverse load loading device, and the vertical load loading device are all equipped with force sensors.

[0023] Furthermore, both the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat include a coupler seat body;

[0024] The hook seat body has a groove formed on the side facing the coupling of the car coupler for inserting the tail of the coupling of the car coupler;

[0025] The coupler tail is provided with a connecting hole, and a second positioning member can be inserted through the hook seat body, so that the second positioning member passes through the connecting hole to limit the coupler tail within the groove.

[0026] Furthermore, the hook seat body includes a bottom plate and a circumferential side plate surrounding the groove;

[0027] The inner wall of the end of the circumferential side plate facing the bottom plate is formed with a stepped limiting part for adapting to the installation of the trailing plate of the coupler, and at least one side plate of the circumferential side plate is detachable to form an opening for the installation and removal of the trailing plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The coupler load calibration system provided by this invention includes a base, a first coupler seat, and a second coupler seat. The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are installed on the base at a distance from each other along a first direction. A coupler coupling consisting of two couplers can be installed between the first coupler and the second coupler. In actual calibration testing, the first direction is set horizontally, and the force on the coupler in the first direction is a longitudinal load. The force on the coupler in a second direction perpendicular to and horizontal to the first direction is a lateral load, and the force on the coupler in the vertical direction (the third direction) is a vertical load.

[0030] The base is equipped with a first mounting section, a second mounting section, and a third mounting section. The first mounting section can install a longitudinal load loading device, which applies a force along a first direction to the coupler to calibrate the longitudinal load of the coupler. The second mounting section can install a lateral load loading device, which applies a force along a second direction to the coupler to calibrate the lateral load of the coupler. The third mounting section can install a vertical load loading device, which applies a force along a third direction to the coupler to calibrate the vertical load of the coupler. In actual calibration testing, one, two, or all three of the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical load loading devices can be used, depending on the specific calibration requirements.

[0031] Therefore, the coupler load calibration system of this application can calibrate the three-dimensional load of the coupler. Moreover, the calibration object of this application is two coupled couplers, which can effectively simulate the coupler stress under actual working conditions compared to the method of calibrating an independent coupler, thereby improving the accuracy of the test. At the same time, this application can simultaneously apply three-dimensional loads to simulate the three-dimensional force coupling of the coupler under actual working conditions, so as to test the performance of the coupler in complex real stress environment. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the coupler load calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the coupler load calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1-First base, 11-First coupler seat, 2-Second base, 21-Second coupler seat, 3-Coupled coupling, 4-Mounting seat, 41-Second mounting part, 42-Third mounting part, 5-Longitudinal load loading device, 51-Longitudinal force sensor, 6-Transverse load loading device, 7-Coupled seat body, 71-Circumferential side plate, 8-Sub-plate;

[0037] a - First direction, b - Second direction, c - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0039] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0040] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The following reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application describes a coupler load calibration system according to some embodiments.

[0044] This application provides a coupler load calibration system that can simulate the load stress of the coupler under real working conditions and perform calibration tests on the three-dimensional load of the coupler.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the coupler load calibration system includes a base, a first coupler seat 11, and a second coupler seat 21. The first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21 are installed on the base at a distance from each other along a first direction a. A coupler coupling 3, which is composed of two couplers coupled together, can be installed between the first coupler and the second coupler. That is, the coupler coupling 3 is set along the first direction a, with the tail of one coupler facing the first coupler seat 11 and connected to the first coupler seat 11, and the tail of the other coupler facing the second coupler seat 21 and connected to the second coupler seat 21.

[0046] In actual calibration tests, the first direction a is set in the horizontal direction. The force on the coupler in the first direction a is the longitudinal load. The force on the coupler in the second direction b, which is perpendicular to and horizontal to the first direction a, is the lateral load. The force on the coupler in the vertical direction, i.e., the third direction c, is the vertical load.

[0047] The base is provided with a first mounting part, a second mounting part 41, and a third mounting part 42. The first mounting part can install a longitudinal load loading device 5, which can apply a force along the first direction a to the coupler 3 to calibrate the longitudinal load of the coupler in the coupler 3. The second mounting part 41 can install a lateral load loading device 6, which can apply a force along the second direction b to the coupler 3 to calibrate the lateral load of the coupler. The third mounting part 42 can install a vertical load loading device (not shown in the figure), which can apply a force along the third direction c to the coupler 3 to calibrate the vertical load of the coupler.

[0048] In actual calibration testing, one, two, or three of the longitudinal load loading device 5, the transverse load loading device 6, and the vertical load loading device can be used according to actual calibration requirements.

[0049] Therefore, the coupler load calibration system of this application can calibrate the three-dimensional load of the coupler. Moreover, the calibration object of this application is two coupled couplers, which can effectively simulate the coupler stress under actual working conditions compared to the method of calibrating an independent coupler, thereby improving the accuracy of the test. At the same time, this application can simultaneously apply three-dimensional loads to simulate the three-dimensional force coupling of the coupler under actual working conditions, so as to test the performance of the coupler in complex real stress environment.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, as Figure 1As shown, the base includes a first base 1 and a second base 2, which are spaced apart from each other along a first direction a. A first coupler seat 11 is located between the first base 1 and the second base 2 and connected to the first base 1. The aforementioned first mounting portion is provided on the second base 2, so that the longitudinal load loading device 5 is mounted on the second base 2. The second coupler seat 21 is also located between the first base 1 and the second base 2 and connected to the drive end of the longitudinal load loading device 5, and the drive end of the longitudinal load loading device 5 is telescopic along the first direction a. Thus, for the coupler coupling 3 installed between the first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21, a longitudinal load can be applied to the coupler using the longitudinal load loading device 5, and the magnitude of the applied longitudinal load can be adjusted by adjusting the telescopic amount of the drive end of the longitudinal load loading device 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the driving end of the longitudinal load loading device 5 is equipped with a force sensor, referred to as longitudinal force sensor 51. The longitudinal load loading device 5 is connected to the second coupler seat 21 through the longitudinal force sensor 51, so that the magnitude of the longitudinal load applied by the longitudinal load loading device 5 can be detected through the longitudinal force sensor 51.

[0052] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, as Figure 1 As shown, the base also includes a mounting base 4, located between the first base 1 and the second base 2. The mounting base 4 forms a second mounting portion 41 on one side of the coupler coupling 3 in the second direction b, where the lateral load loading device 6 can be mounted. When the lateral load loading device 6 is mounted on the second mounting portion 41, the lateral load loading device 6 is located on one side of the coupler coupling 3 in the second direction b. The driving end of the lateral load loading device 6 can abut against one side of the coupler in the second direction b, and the driving end of the lateral load loading device 6 is extendable and retractable along the second direction b. Thus, a lateral load can be applied to the coupler through the lateral load loading device 6, and the magnitude of the applied lateral load can be adjusted by adjusting the extension and retraction of its driving end.

[0053] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mounting base 4 is provided with a second mounting part 41 on both sides of the second direction b of the coupler 3, which can be used to install the lateral load loading device 6. This allows the lateral load loading device 6, which can provide lateral force, to be provided on both sides of the second direction b of the coupler 3, so as to simulate the lateral load on the vehicle when it makes a left or right turn, and to verify the symmetry of the coupler when the vehicle makes a left or right turn.

[0054] In this embodiment, preferably, the drive end of the lateral load loading device 6 is provided with a force sensor, referred to as the lateral force sensor. The lateral load loading device 6 abuts against one of the couplers in the coupler coupling 3 through the lateral force sensor, so that the magnitude of the lateral load applied by the lateral load loading device 6 can be detected through the lateral force sensor.

[0055] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, as Figure 1 As shown, the mounting base 4 forms a third mounting portion 42 on one side of the third direction c of the coupler 3, which is capable of mounting the vertical load loading device. When the vertical load loading device is mounted on the third mounting portion 42, the vertical load loading device is located on one side of the third direction c of one coupler of the coupler 3, and the drive end of the vertical load loading device can abut against one side of the third direction c of the coupler, and the drive end of the vertical load loading device is retractable along the third direction c. Thus, a vertical load can be applied to the coupler by means of the vertical load loading device, and the magnitude of the applied vertical load can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of retraction of its drive end.

[0056] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mounting base 4 is provided with a third mounting part 42 on both sides of the third direction c of the coupler 3, which can be used to install a vertical load loading device. This allows for the provision of a vertical load loading device that can provide vertical force on both sides of the third direction c of the coupler 3, so as to simulate the vertical load that the vehicle experiences when going uphill or downhill, and to verify the symmetry of the coupler when the vehicle is going uphill or downhill.

[0057] In this embodiment, preferably, the drive end of the vertical load loading device is equipped with a force sensor, referred to as the vertical force sensor. The vertical load loading device abuts against one of the couplers 3 through the vertical force sensor, thereby enabling the detection of the magnitude of the vertical load applied by the vertical load loading device.

[0058] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, the relative position between the first base 1 and the second base 2 is adjustable along the first direction a, so that the distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2 can be adjusted according to the length of the coupler 3 to be tested, so that the coupler 3 can be adapted to be installed between the first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21; thereby improving the adaptability of the coupler load calibration system of this application.

[0059] In this embodiment, preferably, as follows: Figure 1As shown, the base also includes a tie rod; the first base 1 has multiple connecting holes in its circumference, and the second base 2 also has multiple connecting holes in its circumference. When the first base 1 and the second base 2 are arranged opposite each other, the multiple connecting holes on the first base 1 and the multiple connecting holes on the second base 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; a tie rod is inserted through each pair of opposite connecting holes, and both the first base 1 and the second base 2 can slide along the tie rod to adjust the relative distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2.

[0060] Meanwhile, each tie rod is provided with a first positioning element at both ends to fix the first base 1 and the second base 2.

[0061] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the pull rod are provided with external threaded connection parts; or the pull rod as a whole is a threaded rod; the first positioning element is two nuts screwed onto the external threaded connection parts; two nuts are screwed onto the external threaded connection parts at both ends of the pull rod. When fixing the first base 1, the first base 1 is positioned between the two nuts at its respective end, and the two nuts are tightened to clamp the first base 1. The fixing method of the second base 2 is the same, and will not be described again here.

[0062] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, the mounting base 4 is slidable between the first base 1 and the second base 2 along the first direction a, thereby enabling adjustment of the position of the lateral load loading device 6 and the vertical load loading device mounted thereon on the coupler, and enabling the coupler load calibration system of this application to adapt to couplers of different specifications, thereby improving application adaptability.

[0063] In this embodiment, preferably, the mounting base 4 is provided with multiple sliding connecting parts, which are slidably sleeved on multiple tie rods in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the mounting base 4 can slide along the length direction of the tie rod, i.e., the first direction a, to adjust the position of the lateral load loading device 6 and the vertical load loading device acting on the coupler.

[0064] Preferably, the sliding connection can be locked onto the corresponding pull rod. For example, a set screw is screwed onto the sliding connection. Tightening the set screw can make it press against the pull rod or move away from the pull rod. When the set screw presses against the pull rod, the sliding connection can be positioned on the pull rod. When the set screw moves away from the pull rod, the sliding connection can slide along the pull rod.

[0065] In one embodiment of this application, preferably, as Figure 2As shown, the first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21 have the same structure. Both include a coupler body 7. The coupler body 7 forms a groove on the side facing the first direction a of the coupler coupling 3. The hook tail of the coupler can be adapted to be inserted into the groove. At the same time, the hook tail of the coupler is provided with a connecting hole. The axis of the connecting hole extends along the third direction c. The coupler body 7 is provided with an insertion hole at the position opposite to the connecting hole. The second positioning element (such as a positioning pin) can pass through the connecting hole and the insertion hole to limit the hook tail of the coupler in the groove, thereby realizing the connection between the coupler body 7 and the corresponding coupler.

[0066] In actual operation, the coupler has a buffer plate 8 at the end of the coupler for cushioning. In one embodiment of this application, preferably, the groove formed by the coupler body 7 is a square groove. The coupler body 7 includes a bottom plate surrounding the groove and a circumferential side plate 71. A stepped limiting part is formed on the inner side wall of the end of the circumferential side plate 71 facing the bottom plate. The buffer plate 8 adapted to the coupler can be limited and installed in the stepped limiting part. Thus, the coupler load calibration system of this application can simulate the real working conditions of the coupler.

[0067] Preferably, at least one side of the circumferential side plates 71 is removable to form an opening that facilitates disassembly from the plate 8.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler load calibration system, characterized in that, Includes a base, a first coupler seat, and a second coupler seat; The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are disposed on the base at a distance from each other along a first direction, and the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are used to install coupler coupling; The base is provided with a first mounting part, a second mounting part and a third mounting part; The first mounting part can be equipped with a longitudinal load loading device to apply a longitudinal load along the first direction to the coupler coupling using the longitudinal load loading device; The second mounting part can be equipped with a lateral load loading device to apply a lateral load along the second direction to the coupler coupling using the lateral load loading device; The third mounting part can be equipped with a vertical load loading device to apply a vertical load along a third direction to the coupler coupling using the vertical load loading device. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other; The base includes a first base and a second base that are spaced apart from each other along the first direction; The first coupler seat is connected to the side of the first base facing the second base; The second base is provided with the first mounting part to mount the longitudinal load loading device. The second coupler seat is located on the side of the second base facing the first base and is connected to the drive end of the longitudinal load loading device. The drive end of the longitudinal load loading device is retractable along the first direction. The base includes a mounting base disposed between the first base and the second base; The mounting base forms a second mounting portion on at least one side of the coupler in the second direction for mounting the lateral load loading device, such that the drive end of the lateral load loading device can abut against the coupler, and the drive end of the lateral load loading device is retractable along the second direction.

2. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base has a third mounting portion formed on at least one side of the third direction of the coupler connection for mounting a vertical load loading device, such that the drive end of the vertical load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the drive end of the vertical load loading device is retractable along the third direction.

3. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relative position between the first base and the second base is adjustable along the first direction.

4. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base also includes a tie rod; Both the first base and the second base are provided with a plurality of connecting holes in the circumferential direction. The plurality of connecting holes of the first base correspond one-to-one with the plurality of connecting holes of the second base and the tie rod passes through them. Both the first base and the second base are slidable along the pull rod, and both ends of the pull rod are provided with first positioning elements for fixing the first base and the second base.

5. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting base is provided with multiple sliding connection parts, which are slidably fitted onto the multiple pull rods in a corresponding manner.

6. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Force sensors are provided at the drive ends of the longitudinal load loading device, the transverse load loading device, and the vertical load loading device.

7. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat include a coupler seat body; The hook seat body has a groove formed on the side facing the coupling of the vehicle coupler for inserting the hook tail of the coupling of the vehicle coupler; The hook tail of the vehicle coupler is provided with a connecting hole, and a second positioning member can be inserted through the hook seat body, so that the second positioning member passes through the connecting hole to limit the hook tail of the vehicle coupler within the groove.

8. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hook seat body includes a bottom plate and a circumferential side plate that surround the groove; The inner wall of the end of the circumferential side plate facing the bottom plate is formed with a stepped limiting part for adapting to the installation of the trailing plate of the coupler, and at least one side plate of the circumferential side plate is detachable to form an opening for the installation and removal of the trailing plate.

Images