A configuration file-based meteorological data format conversion method and system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a configuration file-based meteorological data format conversion method and system, applied to the field of computer technology; the method comprises: obtaining original data of different types of meteorological stations; reading a configuration file corresponding to the original data of the different types of meteorological stations; wherein the configuration file comprises meteorological element identifiers arranged in order, wherein the order is the order of meteorological elements in the original data; reading meteorological elements in the original data of the different types of meteorological stations according to the order determined by the configuration file; finding and obtaining meteorological element identifiers corresponding to the meteorological elements in a standard meteorological dictionary, converting the data of the extracted meteorological elements into data in the format of the meteorological dictionary; and generating complete meteorological dictionary format data from the data in the format of the meteorological dictionary according to the dictionary protocol format. In this way, the conversion process of data diversification can be simplified by reading different configuration files, and the efficiency of data integration and collection can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a method and system for converting meteorological data formats based on configuration files. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic weather stations come in many varieties, with different types and quantities of observed elements and diverse data formats. The differences in data formats between different automatic weather stations are mainly reflected in the different quantities of meteorological elements and the different order of the elements, but a unified format is required when connecting to the server.

[0003] In the original meteorological data analysis work, each meteorological data format required a specific analysis program. Due to the wide variety of meteorological station types, the program maintenance cost remained high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a meteorological data format conversion method and system based on configuration files, which solves the technical problem of high program maintenance costs caused by the variety of meteorological station data formats.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a meteorological data format conversion method based on a configuration file is provided. The method includes:

[0006] Obtain raw data from different types of weather stations;

[0007] Read the configuration files corresponding to the raw data of the different types of weather stations; wherein, the configuration files include meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, where the order is the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data;

[0008] Meteorological elements are read from the raw data of the different types of weather stations in the order determined by the configuration file.

[0009] The meteorological element identifiers corresponding to the meteorological elements are found and obtained in the standard meteorological dictionary, and the extracted meteorological element data is converted into meteorological dictionary format data;

[0010] According to the dictionary protocol format, the meteorological dictionary format data is used to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data.

[0011] In addition to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, a further implementation is provided in which the configuration file is generated sequentially based on meteorological elements determined from the raw data of the corresponding type of weather station.

[0012] In addition to the aspects and any possible implementations described above, a further implementation is provided in which the standard meteorological dictionary assigns a unique identifier and corresponding format to each meteorological element based on the professional classification of meteorological elements, wherein the format includes units, length, and scale factor.

[0013] In addition to the aspects described above and any possible implementations, a further implementation is provided, wherein the method further includes:

[0014] Verify the generated configuration file; if errors are found during verification, adjust the configuration file accordingly.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a meteorological data format conversion system based on a configuration file is provided. The system includes: a reading module for reading configuration files corresponding to the raw data from the different types of meteorological stations; wherein the configuration file includes meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, the order being the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data;

[0016] The reading module is used to read meteorological elements from the raw data of the different types of weather stations according to the order determined by the configuration file.

[0017] The search module searches for and retrieves the meteorological element identifiers corresponding to the meteorological elements in the standard meteorological dictionary, and converts the extracted meteorological element data into meteorological dictionary format data;

[0018] The generation module is used to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data from the meteorological dictionary format data according to the dictionary protocol format.

[0019] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the program to implement the method described above.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods according to the first and / or second aspects of this disclosure.

[0021] This disclosure greatly simplifies the conversion process by reading different configuration files and unifying the raw data formats of different types of weather stations into a standard meteorological dictionary format for storage, thereby enabling unified processing and analysis of subsequent data.

[0022] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. The drawings are provided for a better understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart of a meteorological data format conversion method based on a configuration file according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A framework diagram of a meteorological data format conversion method based on a configuration file according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the effect of a configuration file according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A standard meteorological dictionary format diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 A block diagram of a configuration file-based meteorological data format conversion system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 6 A block diagram of an exemplary electronic device capable of implementing embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0031] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0032] In this disclosure, meteorological element identifiers and their order are first obtained by reading different configuration files. Then, meteorological elements in the raw data of different types of meteorological stations are read according to this order. Meteorological element identifiers are searched and matched in the standard meteorological dictionary. Then, meteorological dictionary format data is generated in sequence. Finally, a complete data body is generated and stored according to the dictionary protocol format.

[0033] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a configuration file-based meteorological data format conversion method according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 As shown, a meteorological data format conversion method based on configuration files includes:

[0034] S101, acquire raw data from different types of weather stations.

[0035] In some embodiments, in the application scenario of meteorological monitoring, the collection of meteorological data is crucial for many fields such as meteorological research, weather forecasting, and agricultural production. Different types of meteorological stations are distributed in different regions and collect meteorological data according to their own collection rules and formats. These data may include various meteorological elements such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The data collected by different types of meteorological stations differ in the types of meteorological elements, their arrangement order, and data formats.

[0036] In some embodiments, the server establishes a connection with different types of weather stations distributed in various locations through a network communication interface. When the server receives a data request response from a weather station, it receives and caches the raw data collected by the different types of weather stations to prepare for subsequent data processing.

[0037] S102, read the configuration file corresponding to the raw data of the different types of weather stations; wherein, the configuration file includes meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, wherein the order is the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data.

[0038] In some embodiments, the server reads the corresponding configuration file based on the unique identifier of the weather station, which can be obtained from the file header of the raw data, specific data fields, or information attached to the transmission protocol. Specifically, the raw data is transmitted in a specific format, and the file header clearly marks the weather station ID, so the server can accurately identify it.

[0039] In some embodiments, the configuration file is pre-generated, and the generation process is as follows: Before the weather station is put into use, technicians can analyze the structure of the raw data collected by the weather station according to the weather station model, sensor configuration and data acquisition protocol, determine the types and arrangement order of meteorological elements, and then assign a corresponding identifier to each meteorological element. These identifiers are then recorded in the configuration file according to the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data.

[0040] Specifically, the raw data collected by a certain type of weather station consists of temperature, humidity, and air pressure in that order. Technicians can write the identifiers representing temperature, humidity, and air pressure into a configuration file in this order. Subsequently, when the server receives the raw data from the weather station, it can accurately read the corresponding configuration file from the specified storage location using the extracted unique identifier of the weather station.

[0041] In some embodiments, configuration files can be written manually using a text editor, or they can be generated using a configuration file generation tool.

[0042] In some embodiments, the generated configuration file is validated, and if errors are found during validation, the configuration file is adjusted.

[0043] Specifically, the generated configuration file is verified. If errors are found during verification, the configuration file is adjusted. The verification process may include checking the accuracy of the meteorological element identifiers in the configuration file, the rationality of the order, and the degree of matching with the original data. If it is found that the identifier of a certain meteorological element in the configuration file does not correspond to the actual data, or the order is inconsistent with the arrangement of the original data, the configuration file needs to be adjusted accordingly to ensure the accuracy of subsequent data conversion.

[0044] S103, according to the order determined by the configuration file, read the meteorological elements from the raw data of the different types of weather stations.

[0045] In some embodiments, data for each meteorological element is accurately extracted from the raw data according to the order of meteorological elements in the configuration file.

[0046] S104, Search for and obtain the meteorological element identifier corresponding to the meteorological element in the standard meteorological dictionary, and convert the extracted meteorological element data into meteorological dictionary format data.

[0047] In some embodiments, the corresponding meteorological element identifier is searched and obtained in a standard meteorological dictionary to generate meteorological dictionary format data. The standard meteorological dictionary assigns a unique identifier and corresponding format to each meteorological element based on the professional classification of meteorological elements. The format includes units, length, and scale factor.

[0048] Specifically, meteorological elements read from the raw data are searched in the standard meteorological dictionary to obtain their corresponding meteorological element identifiers, and then data in the meteorological dictionary format is generated according to the dictionary format.

[0049] S105, Generate complete meteorological dictionary format data from the meteorological dictionary format data according to the dictionary protocol format.

[0050] In some embodiments, necessary protocol information, such as data source and collection time, is added according to the dictionary protocol format to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data. The server has diverse processing methods for the generated complete meteorological dictionary format data.

[0051] Specifically, the server can store data in a local database, such as a MySQL database or a distributed file system. The server can also forward data to other platforms that need meteorological data through network communication protocols. Alternatively, the server can directly transmit data to the internal data analysis module for further processing.

[0052] The following detailed description, using a specific embodiment, illustrates a meteorological data format conversion 100 based on a configuration file provided in this disclosure. Figure 2 A framework diagram of a meteorological data format conversion method based on a configuration file according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown below:

[0053] To acquire raw data from different types of weather stations, taking weather station C as an example, the server establishes a connection with weather station C through a network communication interface, receives and buffers the raw data collected by weather station C. The received raw data is: 20241219053000 236 0 236 0 236 0 236 0 05:01 236 0 236 0 05:01 0 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / 0 / / / / / 51 50 05:0610051 10056 05:07 10051 05:32 / / / / / 130 284.

[0054] Before the weather station was put into use, technicians determined the types and order of meteorological elements in weather station C, such as "wind speed," "wind direction," and "precipitation," based on weather station model C. Then, they assigned corresponding identifiers to each meteorological element and recorded these identifiers in the configuration file according to the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data, such as AZX=XXX. Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the effect of a configuration file according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0055] The server accurately reads the corresponding configuration file based on the ID of weather station C extracted from the raw data.

[0056] The server reads the configuration file corresponding to weather station C and determines the order of meteorological elements in the configuration file. Based on the order determined by the configuration file, it reads the meteorological elements determined in the raw data of weather station C.

[0057] The corresponding meteorological element identifiers are searched and retrieved from the standard meteorological dictionary, generating meteorological dictionary-formatted data. The standard meteorological dictionary assigns a unique identifier and corresponding format to each meteorological element based on its professional classification. This format includes units, length, and a scale factor. Figure 4 A standard meteorological dictionary format diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0058] According to the dictionary protocol format, information such as data source and collection time is added to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data, which is then stored in the database. The complete meteorological dictionary format data is as follows:

[0059] BG,001,P0001,3956,11620,55,03,YSRP,001,20250211101001,001,030,02,AEC,293,AFC,000,AED,293,AFD,000,AEGa,294,AFDa,000,AFDb,12:07,AE A,295,AFA,000,AEEb,298,AFAa,000,AFAf,12:07,AEB,293,AFB,000,AHA,000,AAA,0272,AAAa,0274,AAAb,12:07,AAAc,0272,AAAd,12:18,ADA,063,AD Ac,063,ADAd,12:12,AGA,10000,AGAa,10000,AGAb,12:12,AGAc,10000,AG Ad,12:12,AHB,0000,AHL,00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000,0000000000000000000000000000000,z,1,rL,1,7020,ED.

[0060] According to embodiments of this disclosure, raw data from different types of weather stations can be quickly and accurately converted into a unified weather dictionary format using configuration files and a standard meteorological dictionary. This avoids the tedious process of programming each weather station separately, greatly improving data processing efficiency. When the type of weather station or the collection rules change, only the configuration file needs to be modified accordingly, without requiring large-scale modifications to the entire data processing system, thus reducing system maintenance costs and complexity.

[0061] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this disclosure is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this disclosure, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this disclosure.

[0062] The above is an introduction to the method embodiments. The following describes the solution described in this disclosure further through device embodiments.

[0063] Figure 5 A block diagram of a configuration file-based meteorological data format conversion system 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the device 500 includes:

[0064] The acquisition module S501 is used to acquire raw data from different types of weather stations;

[0065] The reading module S502 is used to read the configuration files corresponding to the raw data of the different types of weather stations; wherein, the configuration file includes meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, wherein the order is the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data;

[0066] The reading module S502 is used to read meteorological elements from the raw data of the different types of weather stations according to the order determined by the configuration file.

[0067] The lookup module S503 is used to search for and obtain the meteorological element identifier corresponding to the meteorological element in the standard meteorological dictionary, and convert the extracted meteorological element data into meteorological dictionary format data.

[0068] The generation module S504 is used to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data from the meteorological dictionary format data according to the dictionary protocol format.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the described module can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0070] The acquisition, storage, and application of user personal information involved in the technical solution disclosed herein comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0071] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0072] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an electronic device 600 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0073] Electronic device 600 includes a computing unit 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in ROM 602 or a computer program loaded into RAM 603 from storage unit 608. RAM 603 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 600. The computing unit 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via bus 604. I / O interface 605 is also connected to bus 604.

[0074] Multiple components in electronic device 600 are connected to I / O interface 605, including: input unit 606, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 607, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 608, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 609, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 609 allows electronic device 600 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0075] The computing unit 601 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 601 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 601 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as method 100. For example, in some embodiments, method 100 may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 608. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 600 via ROM 602 and / or communication unit 609. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 603 and executed by the computing unit 601, one or more steps of method 100 described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 601 may be configured to perform method 100 by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0076] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0077] The program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0078] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0079] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including voice input, speech input, or tactile input).

[0080] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as a data server), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., an application server), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with embodiments of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet.

[0081] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact via communication networks. Client-server relationships are created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. Servers can be cloud servers, servers in distributed systems, or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0082] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0083] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A meteorological data format conversion method based on configuration files, comprising: Obtain raw data from different types of weather stations; Read the configuration files corresponding to the raw data of the different types of weather stations; wherein, the configuration file includes meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, where the order is the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data; the configuration file is generated in sequence based on the meteorological elements determined in the raw data of the corresponding type of weather station, wherein the generation process includes: analyzing the structure of the raw data collected by the weather station according to the weather station model, sensor configuration and data acquisition protocol, and determining the types and arrangement order of the meteorological elements therein; Assign a corresponding identifier to each meteorological element, and record these identifiers in the configuration file according to the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data; Meteorological elements are read from the raw data of the different types of weather stations in the order determined by the configuration file. The meteorological element identifiers corresponding to the meteorological elements are found and obtained in the standard meteorological dictionary, and the extracted meteorological element data is converted into meteorological dictionary format data; According to the dictionary protocol format, the meteorological dictionary format data is used to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data, including adding necessary protocol information according to the dictionary protocol format to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard meteorological dictionary assigns a unique identifier and corresponding format to each meteorological element based on the professional classification of meteorological elements. The format includes units, length, and scale factor.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Verify the generated configuration file; if errors are found during verification, adjust the configuration file accordingly.

4. A meteorological data format conversion system based on configuration files, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire raw data from different types of weather stations; The reading module is used to read the configuration files corresponding to the raw data of the different types of weather stations; wherein, the configuration file includes meteorological element identifiers arranged in sequence, where the order is the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data; the configuration file is generated in sequence based on the meteorological elements determined in the raw data of the corresponding type of weather station, wherein the generation process includes: analyzing the structure of the raw data collected by the weather station according to the weather station model, sensor configuration and data acquisition protocol, and determining the types and arrangement order of the meteorological elements therein; Assign a corresponding identifier to each meteorological element, and record these identifiers in the configuration file according to the order of the meteorological elements in the raw data; The reading module is used to read meteorological elements from the raw data of the different types of weather stations according to the order determined by the configuration file. The search module searches for and retrieves the meteorological element identifiers corresponding to the meteorological elements in the standard meteorological dictionary, and converts the extracted meteorological element data into meteorological dictionary format data; The generation module generates complete meteorological dictionary format data from the meteorological dictionary format data according to the dictionary protocol format, including: adding necessary protocol information according to the dictionary protocol format to generate complete meteorological dictionary format data.

5. An electronic device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-3.

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