Quantum measurement and control task compiling method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a quantum measurement and control task compiling method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: converting a quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction matched with a quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip through a pre-constructed hardware behavior model of the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed according to hardware characteristics of the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip; performing parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instruction to obtain a scheduling result; the intermediate representation instruction is converted into hardware executable codes according to the scheduling result, compiling of the quantum measurement and control task is completed, and the hardware executable codes are used for indicating the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to conduct quantum calculation. By adopting the method, the high efficiency and reliability of the measurement and control chip in the low-temperature environment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, computer equipment, and storage medium for compiling quantum measurement and control tasks. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of quantum computing technology, the quantum processing unit (QPU), the core component of quantum computers, is gradually moving from theory to practical application. To effectively control the quantum processor, cryogenic measurement and control chips are needed to measure and manipulate the state of quantum bits.

[0003] Traditional compilation methods are mainly designed for classical computer architecture. However, since the working environment of quantum processors requires extremely low temperatures (usually in an environment close to absolute zero), traditional compilation methods are difficult to meet the efficiency and reliability requirements of measurement and control chips in low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a quantum measurement and control task compilation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium that can improve the efficiency and reliability of measurement and control chips in low-temperature environments to address the above technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for compiling a quantum measurement and control task, comprising:

[0006] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the quantum measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0007] Perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain the scheduling result;

[0008] According to the scheduling results, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip include noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics, and resource limitation characteristics;

[0010] Before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the method further includes:

[0011] Determine the signal propagation characteristics and the impact of noise sources on the operation of quantum cryogenic measurement and control chips in low-temperature environments to obtain the noise characteristics of quantum cryogenic measurement and control chips;

[0012] Determine the execution time of different quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip operations on the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the signal delay characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0013] Quantify the hardware resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip and obtain the resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0014] A hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip is constructed based on the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0015] In one embodiment, before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the method further includes:

[0016] Perform syntax checking on quantum measurement and control tasks;

[0017] After the syntax check is passed, the quantum measurement and control task is semantically analyzed to extract the key information in the quantum measurement and control task;

[0018] Decompose the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task into basic software operation units based on key information, and take the tasks other than the basic software operation units and the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task as the first measurement and control task;

[0019] By using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the quantum measurement and control tasks are converted into intermediate representation instructions that are compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, including:

[0020] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the first measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to key information.

[0021] In one embodiment, using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, converting the first measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to key information includes:

[0022] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the target operation unit of the software basic operation unit in the first measurement and control task is decomposed into hardware basic operation units according to key information. The hardware basic operation unit, the units other than the target operation unit in the software basic operation unit, and the tasks other than the software basic operation unit in the first measurement and control task are regarded as the second measurement and control task;

[0023] Noise compensation is performed on the second measurement and control task according to the hardware behavior model to obtain an optimized second measurement and control task;

[0024] According to the key information, the optimized second measurement and control task is decomposed into multiple intermediate representation instructions that are executed in parallel and compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0025] In one embodiment, the intermediate representation instructions are scheduled in parallel to obtain a scheduling result including:

[0026] Divide the intermediate representation instructions into multiple non-conflicting task blocks;

[0027] Set priorities for multiple task blocks based on the complexity of the operation and latency requirements;

[0028] Multiple task blocks are dynamically allocated according to the load of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the scheduling result.

[0029] In one embodiment, converting the intermediate representation instruction into hardware executable code according to the scheduling result includes:

[0030] Convert intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code;

[0031] Simulate and test the hardware executable code according to the scheduling result to obtain simulation results and test results;

[0032] Based on the simulation and test results, the compilation process of the quantum measurement and control task is optimized.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a quantum measurement and control task compilation device, comprising:

[0034] An instruction conversion module is used to convert quantum measurement and control tasks into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0035] A parallel scheduling module is used to perform parallel scheduling on intermediate representation instructions and obtain scheduling results;

[0036] The code generation module is used to convert intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of quantum measurement and control tasks. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0038] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the quantum measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0039] Perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain the scheduling result;

[0040] According to the scheduling results, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0041] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0042] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the quantum measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0043] Perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain the scheduling result;

[0044] According to the scheduling results, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0046] Through the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the quantum measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip;

[0047] Perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain the scheduling result;

[0048] According to the scheduling results, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0049] The aforementioned quantum measurement and control task compilation method, apparatus, computer device, storage medium, and computer program product utilize a pre-built hardware behavioral model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to convert the quantum measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. Because the hardware behavioral model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the compilation result adapts to the hardware characteristics of low-temperature environments, ensuring compilation reliability in such environments. The intermediate representation instructions are then scheduled in parallel to obtain a scheduling result. Based on the scheduling result, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code, completing the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to perform quantum computations. This parallel scheduling of instructions improves compilation efficiency, meeting the high-efficiency requirements of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in low-temperature environments. Furthermore, the hardware behavioral model converts the quantum measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in a quantum computing environment, while the parallel scheduling of the intermediate representation instructions and the conversion to hardware executable code are performed in a classical variant environment. The quantum measurement and control task is the instruction set of the cryogenic measurement and control chip. Therefore, this scheduling can integrate the classical compilation environment, quantum computing environment and low-temperature measurement and control chip instruction set, providing compilation support from a unified perspective. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the application environment of a method for compiling a quantum measurement and control task in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for compiling a quantum measurement and control task in one embodiment;

[0053] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of constructing a hardware behavior model of a quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a quantum measurement and control task compilation device in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0057] Traditional compilation methods are primarily designed for classical computer architectures. However, because quantum processors require extremely low temperatures (typically near absolute zero), traditional compilation methods struggle to meet the efficiency and reliability requirements of measurement and control chips in low-temperature environments. They also cannot effectively handle the complex measurement and control logic in quantum computing and the hardware constraints in low-temperature environments. Specific issues include:

[0058] 1. Low compilation efficiency results in the measurement and control chip’s operating speed being unable to meet the requirements of the quantum processor;

[0059] 2. Traditional compilation methods do not take into account hardware characteristics in low-temperature environments (such as signal delay and noise interference), resulting in a mismatch between the compilation results and the actual hardware;

[0060] 3. In complex quantum measurement and control tasks, traditional compilation methods are difficult to achieve efficient parallel control and resource optimization.

[0061] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compilation method specifically for quantum low-temperature measurement and control chips to adapt to the hardware characteristics in low-temperature environments, meet the needs of complex quantum measurement and control tasks, and meet the efficiency and reliability requirements of measurement and control chips in low-temperature environments.

[0062] The quantum measurement and control task compilation method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 1In the application environment shown, server 102 communicates with quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip 104 via a network, and quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip 104 communicates with quantum processor 106 via a network. Quantum processor 106 is the core component of a quantum computer. A data storage system can store data that server 102 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated with server 102 or placed in the cloud or on another network server. Server 102 obtains quantum measurement and control tasks from quantum processor 106 and, using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, converts the quantum measurement and control tasks into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. The hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. The intermediate representation instructions are then scheduled in parallel to obtain scheduling results. The intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code, completing the compilation of the quantum measurement and control tasks. The hardware executable code is then sent to quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip 104, which executes the hardware executable code to perform quantum computations, thereby effectively controlling quantum processor 106. The server 102 may be implemented as an independent server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a quantum measurement and control task compilation method is provided, which is applied to Figure 1 The server in FIG. 1 is used as an example to illustrate the method, including the following steps 202 to 206. Among them:

[0064] Step 202 : Using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, convert the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0065] A quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip refers to a chip used to measure and control quantum bits (qubits) or other quantum devices in a quantum computing or quantum experimental system, operating in a cryogenic environment. A hardware behavioral model describes the hardware characteristics of a quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip adapted for cryogenic environments. Quantum measurement and control tasks involve measuring and manipulating the state of qubits used to effectively control a quantum processor. Intermediate representation instructions (IR) refer to low-level instructions suitable for execution by a quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, and are suitable for cryogenic environments.

[0066] Optionally, a quantum measurement and control task is obtained and a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip is invoked to convert the quantum measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. The hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip and can provide a basis for compilation optimization. Furthermore, the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip can include noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics, and resource constraints.

[0067] Step 204: perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain a scheduling result.

[0068] Based on the parallel requirements of quantum measurement and control tasks, an efficient scheduling algorithm is designed to maximize the utilization of the multi-core resources of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. Specifically, the scheduling algorithm monitors the multi-core resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in real time, determines the current load of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, and dynamically adjusts the task allocation strategy based on the current load. Based on the task allocation strategy, intermediate representation instructions are scheduled in parallel to obtain a scheduling result to avoid resource conflicts or idleness.

[0069] Step 206: Convert the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code according to the scheduling result to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0070] Executable code refers to the code generated by a compiler or assembler in computer science after processing source code. It generally consists of machine code or code close to machine language, meaning it can be directly executed by a machine. Hardware executable code refers to hardware description language (HDL). Quantum computing is a new computing model that uses the laws of quantum mechanics to control quantum information units to perform calculations.

[0071] Optionally, based on the scheduling results, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code, and the correctness of the hardware executable code is verified based on the scheduling results. The hardware executable code can be HDL code supported by the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, such as Verilog (a language used for designing and simulating digital circuits) or VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language), and compliance with hardware interface specifications is ensured. At this point, compilation of the quantum measurement and control task is complete. The hardware executable code can then be distributed to the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, which can then run the hardware executable code to implement quantum computing.

[0072] In the aforementioned quantum measurement and control task compilation method, a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip is used to convert the quantum measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. Because the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the compilation result is adaptable to the hardware characteristics of low-temperature environments, ensuring compilation reliability in low-temperature environments. The intermediate representation instructions are then scheduled in parallel to obtain a scheduling result. Based on the scheduling result, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code, completing the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to perform quantum computations. This parallel scheduling of instructions improves compilation efficiency, meeting the high efficiency requirements of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in low-temperature environments. Furthermore, the hardware behavior model converts the quantum measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in a quantum computing environment, while parallel scheduling of the intermediate representation instructions and conversion to hardware executable code are performed in a classical variant environment. The quantum measurement and control task is the instruction set of the cryogenic measurement and control chip. Therefore, this scheduling method integrates the classical compilation environment, the quantum computing environment, and the instruction set of the cryogenic measurement and control chip, providing compilation support from a unified perspective.

[0073] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the above method further includes a step of constructing the hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, which includes steps 302 to 308. Among them:

[0074] Step 302 : Determine the signal propagation characteristics and the influence of noise sources on the operation of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in a low-temperature environment to obtain the noise characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0075] Step 304 : determining the execution time of different quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip operations on the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the signal delay characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0076] Step 306 , quantify the hardware resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0077] Step 308 : constructing a hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip based on the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics, and resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0078] Among them, the hardware characteristics of quantum cryogenic measurement and control chips include noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics.

[0079] Alternatively, based on the quantum chip's operating environment (e.g., superconducting circuits operating near absolute zero), the effects of signal propagation characteristics and noise sources on the operation of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in low-temperature environments can be analyzed to determine the noise characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. Specifically, by controlling a specific variable, such as the signal propagation characteristics or noise source, the change in the execution time of a specific operation can be measured.

[0080] The execution time of various quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip operations is calculated by measuring the waveform lengths of these operations, and this execution time is used as the signal delay characteristic of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. This execution time includes single-bit gates, two-bit gates, and measurements. The execution time of each operation on the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip can also be calculated by measuring the coupling delay between qubits or the response time of the readout circuit. Longer coupling delays increase execution time, while longer response times in the readout circuit increase execution time.

[0081] Resource constraint analysis of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip: Quantify hardware resources, such as the number of control lines, storage space, and the number of processing cores. This is represented by establishing resource vectors, where each component of the resource vector represents a resource and serves as a constraint for compilation optimization.

[0082] Based on the mathematical model, the temperature and noise model, namely the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics, is characterized by quantitative indicators to construct a hardware behavior model of the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip.

[0083] In this embodiment, the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics, and resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip are calculated to construct a hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. This allows subsequent compilation results to match the actual hardware, namely the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the method further includes a quantum measurement and control task analysis process, including: performing a syntax check on the quantum measurement and control task; after the syntax check passes, performing a semantic analysis on the quantum measurement and control task to extract key information from the quantum measurement and control task; decomposing a target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task into basic software operation units based on the key information, and treating the tasks other than the basic software operation units and the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task as the first measurement and control task;

[0085] The method includes converting a quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip through a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, including: converting a first measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to key information through a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0086] Optionally, perform syntax checking on the quantum measurement and control task to verify whether it complies with the syntax rules of the quantum programming language or scripting language. For example, confirm whether quantum bit operations such as initialization, gate operations, and measurements are legal.

[0087] After passing the syntax check, the quantum measurement and control task undergoes semantic analysis: the task logic involved in the quantum measurement and control task is analyzed and key information is extracted. Key information may include the number of quantum bits, the order of measurement and control tasks, and parallel control requirements.

[0088] Based on key information, the target measurement and control task within the quantum measurement and control task is determined. This target measurement and control task refers to a complex quantum measurement and control task. The target measurement and control task is decomposed into basic software operation units. These basic software operation units are software-defined basic quantum gates, such as single-bit gates, two-bit gates, and measurements, to facilitate subsequent optimization and scheduling. For example, the target measurement and control task may include multiple high-order gate sequences, which are decomposed into a single high-order gate, namely a software-defined basic quantum gate.

[0089] Tasks beyond the target measurement and control task are simple quantum measurement and control tasks, with the basic software operation unit and simple quantum measurement and control task as the first measurement and control task. Using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the first measurement and control task is converted into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip based on key information.

[0090] In this embodiment, by performing grammatical and semantic analysis on quantum measurement and control tasks, extracting key information, and decomposing complex quantum measurement and control tasks into software-defined basic quantum gates based on the key information, complex measurement tasks can be simplified and complex measurement task logic can be effectively processed.

[0091] In an optional manner of the above embodiment, converting the first measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to key information using a pre-constructed hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip includes: decomposing the target operation unit of the software basic operation unit in the first measurement and control task into hardware basic operation units according to key information using the pre-constructed hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, and treating the hardware basic operation units, units other than the target operation unit in the software basic operation units, and tasks other than the software basic operation units in the first measurement and control task as second measurement and control tasks; performing noise compensation on the second measurement and control task according to the hardware behavior model to obtain an optimized second measurement and control task; and decomposing the optimized second measurement and control task into multiple intermediate representation instructions that are executed in parallel and compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to the key information.

[0092] Using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the first measurement and control task is decomposed into quantum operations based on key information. Specifically, the complex operation units within the software basic operation units are determined based on the key information, and the complex operation units are further decomposed into hardware basic operation units. Hardware basic operation units are hardware-recognizable quantum gates. For example, complex operation units are complex high-order gates, and complex high-order gates, such as multi-bit entangled gates, are decomposed into hardware-recognizable quantum gates. Hardware-recognizable quantum gates can be CNOT gates (controlled-NOT gates) and single-bit rotation gates. Software basic operation units other than complex operation units are simple operation units, and the complex operation units, simple operation units, and simple measurement tasks are considered the second measurement and control task.

[0093] Noise compensation is performed on the second measurement and control task based on the hardware behavior model to obtain an optimized second measurement and control task to reduce the impact of noise. For example, a compensation term is added to the control signal of the second measurement and control task to offset the impact of environmental noise on the qubit.

[0094] Based on the parallel control requirements of key information, the optimized second measurement and control task is decomposed into multiple intermediate representation instructions that are executed in parallel and compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip. Each intermediate representation instruction is assigned an independent control sequence to fully utilize the advantages of the multi-core architecture.

[0095] In this embodiment, the second measurement and control task is optimized and converted based on the hardware behavior model to generate intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, which can further improve the accuracy and reliability of the compilation results to meet the accuracy and reliability requirements of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the intermediate representation instructions are scheduled in parallel to obtain a scheduling result, including: dividing the intermediate representation instructions into multiple non-conflicting task blocks; setting priorities for the multiple task blocks based on the complexity of the operation and the delay requirement; and dynamically allocating the multiple task blocks based on the load of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain a scheduling result.

[0097] Task decomposition and reorganization of intermediate representation instructions: Divide the intermediate representation instructions into multiple non-conflicting task blocks, ensuring that each task block can be executed on an independent core.

[0098] Prioritize task blocks: Prioritize task blocks based on their complexity and latency requirements. For example, prioritize operations that require fast response times, such as qubit measurements.

[0099] Dynamically allocate multiple task blocks: This approach monitors the hardware resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in real time and dynamically adjusts the task allocation strategy based on the chip's current load to avoid resource conflicts or idleness. For example, when multiple quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip computing cores are used, task allocation is performed based on the load of each core.

[0100] In this embodiment, the intermediate representation instructions are divided into multiple non-conflicting task blocks, ensuring that each task block can be executed on an independent core, improving the accuracy of the compiled results. Prioritizing multiple task blocks based on the complexity of the operation and latency requirements allows for prioritizing urgent tasks. Dynamically allocating multiple task blocks based on the load of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip can avoid resource conflicts or idleness, achieving efficient task allocation within the multi-core architecture of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0101] In an exemplary embodiment, converting the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code according to the scheduling results includes: converting the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code; simulating and testing the hardware executable code according to the scheduling results to obtain simulation results and test results; and optimizing the compilation process of the quantum measurement and control task based on the simulation results and the test results.

[0102] Convert the intermediate representation instructions into HDL code supported by the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, ensuring that the code complies with the hardware interface specifications. Simulate and test the hardware executable code based on the scheduling results: Based on the scheduling results, use a quantum processor simulator to simulate the hardware executable code and verify its logical correctness. Simultaneously, run the hardware executable code on an actual cryogenic measurement and control platform based on the scheduling results to test its performance in a real-world environment. Different scheduling results correspond to different task scheduling algorithms and will result in different performance. Based on the simulation and test results, further optimize the compilation strategy, such as adjusting the task scheduling algorithm or improving the noise compensation method.

[0103] In this embodiment, the intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable code, and the hardware executable code is simulated and tested according to the scheduling results. Based on the simulation and test results, the compilation process of the quantum measurement and control task is optimized, which can significantly improve the execution effect of the quantum measurement and control task.

[0104] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application also provide a quantum measurement and control task compilation device for implementing the aforementioned quantum measurement and control task compilation method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more of the following embodiments of the quantum measurement and control task compilation device can be found in the above-mentioned limitations on the quantum measurement and control task compilation method and are not further elaborated here.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a quantum measurement and control task compilation device is provided, including: an instruction conversion module 402, a parallel scheduling module 404 and a code generation module 406, wherein:

[0107] The instruction conversion module 402 is used to convert the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip by using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0108] The parallel scheduling module 404 is used to perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain a scheduling result.

[0109] The code generation module 406 is used to convert the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip include noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics, and resource limitation characteristics; the above-mentioned device also includes:

[0111] The model building module is used to determine the signal propagation characteristics and the impact of noise sources on the operation of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in a low-temperature environment to obtain the noise characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; determine the execution time of different quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip operations on the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the signal delay characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; quantify the hardware resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; and construct a hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip based on the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0112] In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:

[0113] The task analysis module is used to perform syntax checking on the quantum measurement and control task. After the syntax check passes, the module performs semantic analysis on the quantum measurement and control task to extract key information in the quantum measurement and control task. Based on the key information, the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task is decomposed into basic software operation units, and tasks other than the basic software operation units and the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task are regarded as the first measurement and control task.

[0114] The code generation module 406 is further configured to convert the first measurement and control task into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to key information using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the code generation module 406 is further used to decompose the target operation unit of the software basic operation unit in the first measurement and control task into hardware basic operation units according to key information using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, and to use the hardware basic operation units, units other than the target operation unit in the software basic operation units, and tasks other than the software basic operation units in the first measurement and control task as the second measurement and control task; perform noise compensation on the second measurement and control task according to the hardware behavior model to obtain an optimized second measurement and control task; and decompose the optimized second measurement and control task into multiple intermediate representation instructions that are executed in parallel and are compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to the key information.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, the parallel scheduling module 404 is further configured to divide the intermediate representation instructions into multiple non-conflicting task blocks; set priorities for the multiple task blocks based on the complexity of the operation and the delay requirements; and dynamically allocate the multiple task blocks based on the load of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain a scheduling result.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment, the code generation module 406 is further configured to convert the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code; simulate and test the hardware executable code according to the scheduling results to obtain simulation results and test results; and optimize the compilation process of the quantum measurement and control task based on the simulation results and test results.

[0118] Each module in the aforementioned quantum measurement and control task compilation device can be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a computer device memory in software form, allowing the processor to call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0119] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, memory and input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store data such as hardware behavior models and quantum measurement and control tasks. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for compiling quantum measurement and control tasks is implemented.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0121] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0122] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0123] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0124] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0126] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0127] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for compiling quantum measurement and control tasks, characterized in that: The method comprises: The quantum measurement and control task is converted into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip by using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is built based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; Performing parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain a scheduling result; The intermediate representation instructions are converted into hardware executable codes according to the scheduling results to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable codes are used to instruct the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip include noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics; Before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the method further includes: Determining the effects of signal propagation characteristics and noise sources on the operation of a quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip in a cryogenic environment to obtain noise characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; Determining the execution time of different quantum cryogenic measurement and control chips operating on the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain the signal delay characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; quantifying the hardware resource usage of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; A hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip is constructed according to the noise characteristics, signal delay characteristics and resource limitation characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the method further includes: Perform syntax checking on quantum measurement and control tasks; After the syntax check is passed, semantic analysis is performed on the quantum measurement and control task to extract key information in the quantum measurement and control task; Decomposing the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task into basic software operation units according to the key information, and taking the basic software operation units and tasks other than the target measurement and control task in the quantum measurement and control task as the first measurement and control task; The method of converting the quantum measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip by using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip includes: The first measurement and control task is converted into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to the key information through a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The converting of the first measurement and control task into an intermediate representation instruction compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to the key information using the pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip includes: By using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip, the target operation unit of the software basic operation unit in the first measurement and control task is decomposed into hardware basic operation units according to the key information, and the hardware basic operation units, units other than the target operation unit in the software basic operation units, and tasks other than the software basic operation units in the first measurement and control task are used as the second measurement and control task; performing noise compensation on the second measurement and control task according to the hardware behavior model to obtain an optimized second measurement and control task; The optimized second measurement and control task is decomposed into a plurality of intermediate representation instructions that are executed in parallel and are compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip according to the key information.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The parallel scheduling of the intermediate representation instructions to obtain a scheduling result includes: Dividing the intermediate representation instruction into a plurality of non-conflicting task blocks; Set priorities for multiple task blocks based on the complexity of the operation and latency requirements; The multiple task blocks are dynamically allocated according to the load condition of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip to obtain a scheduling result.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The converting the intermediate representation instruction into hardware executable code according to the scheduling result includes: Converting the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code; Simulating and testing the hardware executable code according to the scheduling result to obtain simulation results and test results; The compilation process of the quantum measurement and control task is optimized according to the simulation results and the test results.

7. A quantum measurement and control task compilation device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An instruction conversion module is used to convert quantum measurement and control tasks into intermediate representation instructions compatible with the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip using a pre-built hardware behavior model of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; the hardware behavior model is constructed based on the hardware characteristics of the quantum cryogenic measurement and control chip; A parallel scheduling module, configured to perform parallel scheduling on the intermediate representation instructions to obtain a scheduling result; A code generation module is used to convert the intermediate representation instructions into hardware executable code to complete the compilation of the quantum measurement and control task. The hardware executable code is used to instruct the quantum low-temperature measurement and control chip to perform quantum computing.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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