Magnetic circuit structure, loudspeaker and earphone

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic circuit structure, a loudspeaker and an earphone, and relates to the technical field of magnetic circuit structures, the magnetic circuit structure comprises a U iron, a magnet, a deformation film and a washer assembly, the U iron forms an open slot, the magnet is adhered to the slot bottom of the open slot, a gap is formed between the magnet and the slot wall of the open slot, and the top surface of the magnet is flush with the top surface of the U iron. The deformation film is arranged in the gap to form a sealed cavity, the top surface of the deformation film is used for being connected with the voice coil, the washer assembly comprises an outer washer and an inner washer, the inner washer is adhered to the top of the magnet, the outer washer is adhered to the top surface of the U iron, and a magnetic gap is formed between the inner washer and the outer washer. When the voice coil vibrates downwards, the deformation film generates thrust in the opposite direction to the downward vibration of the voice coil, so that the backward amplitude is reduced, the deformation film and compressed air in the gap generate thrust in the same direction to the upward vibration of the voice coil, the forward amplitude is increased, and the forward amplitude can be increased while the backward amplitude is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic circuit structures, and in particular to a magnetic circuit structure, a loudspeaker and an earphone. Background Art

[0002] In the structural design of headphone speakers, balancing the front and rear amplitudes of the speakers is a key step. When the rear amplitude is greater than the front amplitude, it will not only affect the radiation performance of the speaker, but may also cause bottoming noise in the listening test.

[0003] In the existing technology, the reduction of the backward amplitude is generally achieved by adjusting the size of the diaphragm and the size of the air vents. However, this method will simultaneously reduce the forward amplitude while reducing the backward amplitude, and will simultaneously increase the backward amplitude while increasing the forward amplitude. It cannot guarantee that the forward amplitude will be increased while the backward amplitude is reduced.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new magnetic circuit structure, loudspeaker and earphone to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a magnetic circuit structure, a loudspeaker and a headphone, aiming to improve the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to increase the forward amplitude while reducing the backward amplitude.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a magnetic circuit structure, which includes:

[0007] U-iron, the U-iron is formed with an open groove;

[0008] The magnet is adhered to the bottom of the open slot, and a gap is formed between the magnet and the slot wall of the open slot;

[0009] A deformable membrane is provided in the gap to form a sealed cavity, and a top surface of the deformable membrane is used to connect with the voice coil;

[0010] Washer assembly, the washer assembly includes outer washer and inner washer, the inner washer is adhered to the top of the magnet, and the outer washer is adhered to the top surface of the U iron, and a magnetic gap is formed between the inner washer and the outer washer.

[0011] In the present invention, the U iron is made of ferromagnetic material, the U iron is cylindrical, and an open slot is formed by machining. The magnet is also cylindrical, and the diameter of the magnet is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the open slot. The magnet is then embedded in the open slot, and the bottom surface of the magnet is adhered to the bottom of the open slot by glue. The glue can be epoxy resin glue. The inner washer is set to be cylindrical, and the outer washer is set to be annular. Then, the deformable film is adhered to the U iron and the magnet by glue, and then the bottom surface of the outer washer is adhered to the top surface of the U iron by glue, and the bottom surface of the inner washer is adhered to the top surface of the magnet by glue. One end of the deformable film It is sandwiched between the outer washer and the U iron, and the other end of the deformable membrane is sandwiched between the inner washer and the magnet. The magnet and the open slot cooperate with each other to wrap the open slot into a gap, so that the deformable membrane can completely seal the gap. The magnet can be a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the outer washer and the inner washer are both made of soft magnetic materials, generally cold-rolled steel plates and silicon steel. The magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit structure of the present invention is located between the inner washer and the outer washer. The entire magnetic route is from the magnet through the inner washer, then diverges to the outer washer, and then returns to the U iron, and finally returns to the magnet. In this way, the voice coil is placed in the magnetic gap when assembling the speaker. And make the voice coil abut against the deformable membrane, so that when the speaker is running, AC current flows through the voice coil, which will generate a driving force to push the voice coil up and down. When the voice coil vibrates downward, it pushes the deformable membrane downward to compress the air in the gap. At the same time, the deformable membrane will generate an opposite thrust, which can reduce the downward amplitude of the speaker, thus avoiding affecting the radiation performance of the speaker and avoiding the possible bottoming noise phenomenon in the listening test. When the voice coil vibrates upward, the compressed air in the gap and the rebound of the deformable membrane jointly generate a force to assist in pushing the voice coil to vibrate upward. The upward amplitude of the speaker is enhanced, thereby enhancing the treble gain of the speaker; compared with the existing method of reducing the rear amplitude by changing the size of the diaphragm and the size of the air vents; the present invention adds a deformable membrane in the magnetic circuit structure to seal the gap, and the deformable membrane generates a thrust in the opposite direction to the downward vibration of the voice coil, thereby reducing the rear amplitude; and when the voice coil vibrates upward, the deformable membrane and the compressed air in the gap generate a thrust in the same direction on the voice coil, thereby increasing the forward amplitude. In this way, the rear amplitude can be reduced while the forward amplitude is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0013] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a magnetic circuit structure provided by the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a magnetic circuit structure provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a loudspeaker provided by the present invention from another perspective;

[0017] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a loudspeaker provided by the present invention.

[0018] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0019] 100. Magnetic circuit structure; 1. U-iron; 11. Open slot; 111. Gap; 112. Magnetic gap; 12. Through hole; 2. Magnet; 3. Deformable membrane; 31. First connecting section; 32. Deformation section; 321. First protrusion; 322. Plane connecting section; 323. Second protrusion; 33. Second connecting section; 4. Washer assembly; 41. Outer washer; 42. Inner washer; 5. Elastic membrane; 51. Soft diaphragm; 52. Hard fixing edge; 200. Loudspeaker; 201. Housing; 201a. Mounting cavity; 201b. Connecting slot; 202. Diaphragm; 203. Voice coil.

[0020] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0023] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] In the structural design of headphone speakers, balancing the front and rear amplitudes of the speaker is a key step. When the rear amplitude is greater than the front amplitude, it not only affects the radiation performance of the speaker, but may also cause bottoming noise in listening tests. To improve this situation, the rear amplitude is generally reduced by changing the size of the diaphragm or the size of the air vents, making the rear amplitude smaller than the forward amplitude. However, this method reduces the rear amplitude while also reducing the forward amplitude, which actually leads to a decrease in acoustic performance and listening experience. Therefore, the applicant has developed a magnetic circuit structure that can reduce the rear amplitude and increase the forward amplitude.

[0025] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a magnetic circuit structure 100, including a U iron 1, a magnet 2, a deformable membrane 3 and a washer assembly 4, the U iron 1 is formed with an open groove 11, the magnet 2 is adhered to the bottom of the open groove 11, and a gap 111 is formed between the magnet 2 and the groove wall of the open groove 11, the deformable membrane 3 is arranged in the gap 111 to form a sealed cavity, the top surface of the deformable membrane 3 is used to connect with the voice coil 203, the washer assembly 4 includes an outer washer 41 and an inner washer 42, the inner washer 42 is adhered to the top of the magnet 2, the outer washer 41 is adhered to the top surface of the U iron 1, and a magnetic gap 112 is formed between the inner washer 42 and the outer washer 41.

[0026] In this embodiment, the U iron 1 is made of ferromagnetic material, the U iron 1 is cylindrical, and the open slot 11 is formed by machining. The magnet 2 is also cylindrical, and the diameter of the magnet 2 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the open slot 11. Then the magnet 2 is embedded in the open slot 11, and the bottom surface of the magnet 2 is adhered to the bottom of the open slot 11 by glue. The glue can be epoxy resin glue. The inner washer 42 is set to be cylindrical, and the outer washer 41 is set to be annular. Then the deformable membrane 3 is adhered to the U iron 1 and the magnet 2 by glue, and then the bottom surface of the outer washer 41 is adhered to the top surface of the U iron 1 by glue, and the bottom surface of the inner washer 42 is adhered to the top surface of the magnet 2 by glue. One end of the deformable membrane 3 is clamped Between the outer washer 41 and the U iron 1, the other end of the deformable membrane 3 is clamped between the inner washer 42 and the magnet 2, and the magnet 2 and the open slot 11 cooperate with each other to wrap the open slot 11 into a gap 111, so that the deformable membrane 3 can completely seal the gap 111, wherein the magnet 2 can be a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet, and the outer washer 41 and the inner washer 42 are both made of soft magnetic materials, generally cold-rolled steel plates and silicon steel and other materials; the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit structure 100 of this embodiment is located between the inner washer 42 and the outer washer 41, and the entire magnetic route is from the magnet 2 through the inner washer 42, then diverges to the outer washer 41, and then returns to the U iron 11, and finally returns to the magnet 2, so that when assembling the speaker, the voice coil 2 03 is placed in the magnetic gap, and the voice coil 203 is in contact with the deformable membrane 3. When the speaker is running, the alternating current flows through the voice coil 203, which generates a driving force to push the voice coil 203 to vibrate up and down. When the voice coil 203 vibrates downward, it pushes the deformable membrane 3 downward to compress the air in the gap 111. At the same time, the deformable membrane 3 will generate an opposite thrust, which can reduce the downward amplitude of the speaker. This can avoid affecting the radiation performance of the speaker and avoid the possible bottoming noise phenomenon in the listening test. When the voice coil 203 vibrates upward, the compressed air in the gap 111 and the rebound of the deformable membrane 3 jointly generate a force to assist in pushing the voice coil 203 to Upward vibration, thus strengthening the upward amplitude of the speaker, thereby strengthening the treble gain of the speaker; compared with the prior art method of reducing the backward amplitude by changing the size of the diaphragm 202 and the size of the air vents; this embodiment adds a deformable membrane 3 to the magnetic circuit structure 100 to seal the gap 111, and the deformable membrane 3 generates a thrust in the opposite direction to the downward vibration of the voice coil 203, thereby reducing the backward amplitude, and when the voice coil 203 vibrates upward, the deformable membrane 3 and the compressed air in the gap 111 generate a thrust in the same direction on the voice coil 203, thereby increasing the forward amplitude, and in this way it is possible to reduce the backward amplitude while increasing the forward amplitude.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In one embodiment, a through hole 12 is formed on the bottom surface of the U iron 1, and the through hole 12 is connected to the gap 111. The magnetic circuit structure 100 also includes an elastic membrane 5, which is arranged in the through hole 12 to close the through hole 12. The U iron 1 is cylindrical, and the U iron 1 is machined to form an open groove 11 and a through hole 12 connected to the open groove 11. The magnet 2 is also cylindrical, and the diameter of the magnet 2 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the open groove 11. Then the magnet 2 is embedded in the open groove 11, and the bottom surface of the magnet 2 is glued to the bottom of the open groove 11 by glue. The bottom surface of the outer washer 41 is glued to the top surface of the U iron 1 by glue, and the bottom surface of the inner washer 42 is glued to the top surface of the magnet 2 by glue. The magnet 2 and the open groove 11 cooperate with each other to wrap the open groove 11 into a gap 111, and the through hole 12 is connected to the gap 111, and then the deformable membrane 3 is glued in the gap 111, and the deformable membrane 3 completely covers the gap 111. Then an elastic membrane 5 is set in the through hole 12, so that the deformable membrane 3 and the elastic membrane 5 can cooperate to completely seal the gap 111; the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit structure 100 of this embodiment is located between the inner washer 42 and the outer washer 41. When assembling the loudspeaker, the voice coil 203 is placed in the magnetic gap and the voice coil 203 is in contact with the deformable membrane 3. In this way, when the loudspeaker is running, an alternating current flows through the voice coil 203, which generates a driving force to push the voice coil 203 to vibrate up and down. When the voice coil 203 vibrates downward, the deformable membrane 3 is pushed downward to compress the air in the gap 111, and the air in the gap 111 pushes the elastic membrane 5 to stretch downward. The deformable membrane 3 and the elastic membrane 5 will generate opposite thrusts, which can reduce the downward amplitude of the loudspeaker, thereby avoiding affecting the radiation performance of the loudspeaker and avoiding the possible bottoming noise phenomenon in the listening test. When the voice coil 203 vibrates upward, the compressed air in the gap 111, the deformable membrane 3 and the elastic membrane 5 rebound and jointly generate a force to assist in pushing the voice coil 203 to vibrate upward, thereby further enhancing the upward amplitude of the loudspeaker, thereby further enhancing the treble gain of the loudspeaker.

[0028] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the elastic membrane 5 includes a soft diaphragm 51 and a hard fixed edge 52 arranged around the soft diaphragm 51. The hard fixed edge 52 is adhered to the bottom surface of the U iron 1 so that the soft diaphragm 51 is arranged corresponding to the through hole 12. By using the hard fixed edge 52 as the installation reference, it can be ensured that the soft diaphragm 51 is always aligned with the through hole 12. The hard fixed edge 52 plays a positioning and supporting role. Compared with a diaphragm made entirely of soft material, this structure can better ensure the sealing stability under long-term use and avoid sealing failure due to deformation or displacement. The soft diaphragm 51 assumes the elastic deformation function, while the hard fixed edge 52 provides mechanical support to prevent the soft part from being excessively pulled or torn. The overall structure is not easily fatigued and damaged under long-term work, thereby extending the service life of the magnetic circuit structure 100.

[0029] Figure 2 In one embodiment, the deformable membrane 3 is annular, and the deformable membrane 3 includes a first connecting segment 31, a deformable segment 32, and a second connecting segment 33 connected in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first connecting segment 31 is adhered to the magnet 2, and the second connecting segment 33 is adhered to the top surface of the U iron 1. The inner washer 42 presses the first connecting segment 31, and the outer washer 41 presses the second connecting segment 33. The deformable segment 32 is set corresponding to the gap 111. Embed the magnet 2 into the open slot 11, and glue the bottom surface of the magnet 2 to the bottom of the open slot 11 with glue. Glue the bottom surface of the second connecting section 33 to the top surface of the U iron 1 with glue, and glue the bottom surface of the first connecting section 31 to the top surface of the magnet 2 with glue. The magnet 2 and the open slot 11 cooperate with each other to wrap the open slot 11 into a gap 111. At this time, the deformation section 32 will cover the gap 111 and seal the gap 111. Then glue the inner washer 42 to the magnet 2 and the first connecting section 31, and glue the outer washer 41 to the top surface of the U iron 1 and the second connecting section 33. In this way, the outer washer 41 and the inner washer 42 cooperate to firmly fix the deformable membrane 3, thereby ensuring that the deformable membrane 3 will not detach.

[0030] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, the deformation section 32 includes a first protrusion 321, a planar connecting section 322, and a second protrusion 323 connected in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first protrusion 321 is connected to the first connecting section 31, and the second protrusion 323 is connected to the second connecting section 33. The top surface of the planar connecting section is used to connect to the voice coil, and the cross-sectional shapes of the first protrusion 321 and the second protrusion 323 along the diameter direction of the deformable membrane 3 are similar. After the deformable membrane 3 is installed, the voice coil 203 abuts against the planar connecting section 322. When the speaker is running, the alternating current flows through the voice coil 203, which generates a driving force to push the voice coil 203 to vibrate up and down. When the voice coil 203 vibrates downward, it pushes the deformable membrane 3 downward to compress the air in the gap 111, and the air in the gap 111 will push the elastic membrane 5 to stretch downward. The deformable membrane 3 and the elastic membrane 5 will generate opposite thrusts, which can reduce the downward amplitude of the speaker, thereby avoiding affecting the radiation performance of the speaker and avoiding the possible bottoming noise phenomenon in the listening test. When the voice coil 203 vibrates upward, the compressed air in the gap 111, the deformable membrane 3 and the elastic membrane 5 rebound and jointly generate a force to assist in pushing the voice coil 203 to vibrate upward; the presence of the first protrusion 321 and the second protrusion 323 helps to evenly distribute the force acting on the deformable membrane 3. When the voice coil 203 vibrates downward, the air is compressed, and the raised structure can help transmit this pressure more evenly, preventing excessive stress concentration in local areas, thereby protecting the stability and durability of the entire system.

[0031] In one embodiment, there are multiple first protrusions 321 and multiple second protrusions 323, with the multiple first protrusions 321 and the multiple second protrusions 323 being equal in number, and the multiple first protrusions 321 and the multiple second protrusions 323 being sequentially connected along the diameter of the deformable diaphragm 3. This multi-protrusion design more evenly distributes the pressure acting on the deformable diaphragm 3. When the vibration of the voice coil 203 causes air compression or expansion, the multiple protrusions distribute these forces more evenly across the deformable diaphragm 3, avoiding localized stress concentration and reducing material fatigue or damage caused by localized excessive stretching or compression. The presence of the multiple protrusions increases the elasticity and flexibility of the deformable segment 32, enabling the deformable diaphragm 3 to respond more quickly and flexibly to sound signals of varying frequencies.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, see Figures 3 to 5The present invention also provides a loudspeaker 200, comprising a housing 201, a diaphragm 202, a voice coil 203 and the above-mentioned magnetic circuit structure 100. The housing 201 is formed with a mounting cavity 201a with openings on both sides. The U iron 1 is installed at the bottom of the mounting cavity 201a, and the diaphragm 202 is installed at the top of the mounting cavity 201a to seal the mounting cavity 201a. The top surface of the voice coil 203 abuts against the diaphragm 202, and the bottom surface of the voice coil 203 abuts against the deformable membrane 3. The voice coil 203 is arranged in the magnetic gap 112. The U iron 1 is made of ferromagnetic material. The U iron 1 is cylindrical and an open slot 11 is formed by machining. The magnet 2 is also cylindrical, and the diameter of the magnet 2 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the open slot 11. Then the magnet 2 is embedded in the open slot 11, and the bottom surface of the magnet 2 is bonded to the bottom of the open slot 11 by glue. The glue can be epoxy resin glue. The inner washer 42 is set to be cylindrical, and the outer washer 41 is set to be annular. The bottom surface of the outer washer 41 is bonded to the top surface of the U iron 1 by glue, and the bottom surface of the inner washer 42 is bonded to the top surface of the magnet 2 by glue. The magnet 2 and the open slot 11 cooperate with each other to wrap the open slot 11 into a gap 111, and then the deformable membrane 3 is bonded to the gap 111. The deformable membrane 3 completely covers the gap 111, so that the deformable membrane 3 can completely seal the gap 111. Then the U iron 1 is installed at the bottom of the mounting cavity 201a, the voice coil 203 is set in the gap 111, and the diaphragm 202 is installed It is installed on the top of the installation cavity 201a so that the top and bottom surfaces of the voice coil 203 are in contact with the diaphragm 202 and the deformable membrane 3 respectively. In this way, when the speaker 200 is running, the AC current flows through the voice coil 203, which will generate a driving force to push the voice coil 203 to vibrate up and down, and at the same time push the diaphragm 202 to vibrate, thereby making a sound. When the voice coil 203 vibrates downward, it pushes the deformable membrane 3 downward to compress the air in the gap 111. At the same time, the deformable membrane 3 will generate an opposite thrust, which can reduce the downward amplitude of the speaker 200, thereby avoiding affecting the radiation performance of the speaker 200 and avoiding the possible bottoming noise phenomenon in the listening test. When the voice coil 203 vibrates upward, the compressed air in the gap 111 and the rebound of the deformable membrane 3 jointly generate a force to assist in pushing the voice coil 203 to vibrate upward, thereby enhancing the upward amplitude of the speaker 200, thereby enhancing the treble gain of the speaker 200. Since the loudspeaker 200 includes all implementations of all embodiments of the magnetic circuit structure 100 , it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by all the above implementations, which will not be described one by one here.

[0033] In one embodiment, the top surface of the voice coil 203 is adhered to the diaphragm 202, and the bottom surface of the voice coil 203 is adhered to the deformable membrane 3. The glue adhesion ensures that the voice coil 203, the diaphragm 202, and the deformable membrane 3 do not separate during operation of the speaker 200, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the speaker 200.

[0034] See also Figures 3 to 5 In one embodiment, the housing 201 is cylindrical and further includes a plurality of communication slots 201b circumferentially spaced along the central axis of the housing 201. The communication slots 201b allow air to flow freely between the interior and exterior of the speaker 200, helping to equalize pressure differences between the interior and exterior, particularly when the vibration of the voice coil 203 causes rapid air flow in and out. This reduces deformation or stress concentration caused by pressure fluctuations, protecting internal components from damage. Furthermore, by providing additional ventilation pathways, the communication slots 201b help improve air flow within the housing 201, facilitating heat dissipation.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an earphone comprising the aforementioned magnetic circuit structure 100 or the aforementioned speaker 200. Since the earphone comprises all embodiments and implementations of the aforementioned magnetic circuit structure 100 or the aforementioned speaker 200, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects of all the aforementioned implementations, and therefore will not be further detailed here.

[0036] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields within the technical concept of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic circuit structure, characterized in that: include: A U-iron, wherein the U-iron is formed with an open slot; a magnet, wherein the magnet is adhered to the bottom of the open slot, and a gap is formed between the magnet and the slot wall of the open slot; a deformable membrane, the deformable membrane being arranged in the gap to form a sealed cavity, and the top surface of the deformable membrane being used for connecting with the voice coil; The washer assembly includes an outer washer and an inner washer. The inner washer is adhered to the top of the magnet, and the outer washer is adhered to the U iron. A magnetic gap is formed between the inner washer and the outer washer.

2. The magnetic circuit structure according to claim 1, wherein: A through hole is formed on the bottom surface of the U iron, and the through hole is communicated with the gap. The magnetic circuit structure further includes an elastic membrane, and the elastic membrane is arranged on the through hole to form the sealed cavity.

3. The magnetic circuit structure according to claim 2, wherein: The elastic membrane includes a soft diaphragm and a hard fixing edge arranged around the soft diaphragm, and the hard fixing edge is adhered to the bottom surface of the U iron so that the soft diaphragm is arranged corresponding to the through hole.

4. The magnetic circuit structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The deformable membrane is annular and includes a first connecting segment, a deformable segment, and a second connecting segment connected in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first connecting segment is adhered to the magnet, and the second connecting segment is adhered to the top surface of the U iron. The inner washer presses the first connecting segment, and the outer washer presses the second connecting segment. The deformable segment is set corresponding to the gap.

5. The magnetic circuit structure according to claim 4, wherein: The deformation section includes a first protrusion, a planar connecting section and a second protrusion connected in sequence from the inside to the outside, the first protrusion is connected to the first connecting section, the second protrusion is connected to the second connecting section, and the top surface of the planar connecting section is used to connect to the voice coil.

6. The magnetic circuit structure according to claim 5, wherein: There are multiple first protrusions, and there are multiple second protrusions. The number of the multiple first protrusions is equal to the number of the multiple second protrusions. The multiple first protrusions and the multiple second protrusions are connected in sequence along the diameter direction of the deformable membrane.

7. A speaker, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing, a diaphragm, a voice coil and a magnetic circuit structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the housing forms a mounting cavity with openings on both sides, the U iron is mounted on the bottom of the mounting cavity, the diaphragm is mounted on the top of the mounting cavity to seal the mounting cavity, the top surface of the voice coil abuts against the diaphragm, the bottom surface of the voice coil abuts against the deformable membrane, and the voice coil is arranged in the magnetic gap.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 7, wherein The top surface of the voice coil is adhered to the diaphragm, and the bottom surface of the voice coil is adhered to the deformable membrane.

9. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that The shell is cylindrical and is further formed with a communication groove. There are a plurality of communication grooves, and the plurality of communication grooves are arranged at circumferential intervals along the central axis of the shell.

10. A headset, characterized in that: A magnetic circuit structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 6; or a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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