Seawater supply alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention relates to a seawater supply alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production device, and relates to the field of electrolytic hydrogen production, the seawater supply alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production device comprises a membrane electrode assembly, gas collection chambers are arranged on the two sides of the membrane electrode assembly, and a liquid inlet assembly is arranged on the side, away from the membrane electrode assembly, of each gas collection chamber; a gasification part is arranged between the liquid inlet assembly and the gas collection chamber and can gasify liquid passing through the gasification part into the membrane electrode assembly. The method has the effect of reducing corrosion of the electrode and blocking of the electrode by calcium and magnesium ions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen production by electrolysis, and in particular to a hydrogen production device using alkaline water electrolysis using seawater as a water supply. Background Art

[0002] Water electrolysis technology for producing green hydrogen can effectively address the global energy and environmental crises. However, current water electrolysis technology requires high water quality for its raw material. Consequently, it requires extensive auxiliary systems and is costly, making large-scale implementation challenging. Given the abundance and low cost of seawater in nature, electrolysis of seawater offers a promising alternative to traditional pure water electrolysis.

[0003] However, conventional hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis suffers from severe anode corrosion in chlorine-containing solutions, typically requiring precious metal electrodes. This leads to high equipment costs and the production of hazardous chlorine gas. Furthermore, seawater contains a large amount of calcium and magnesium ions, which deposit in alkaline conditions, covering the electrode surface and clogging the pores, thereby affecting its stability and activity.

[0004] At the anode, chloride ions can cause hazards such as corrosion of the electrolytic cell. On the one hand, the anodic oxidation products of chloride ions are oxidatively corrosive. The anode of the electrolytic cell is at a high potential. In addition to oxidizing oxygen anions into oxygen, it is also easy to oxidize chloride ions into chlorine (Cl2), hypochlorite (ClO-) and other by-products with strong oxidizing properties, which will cause oxidative corrosion to electrode materials, bipolar plate metal materials, and even downstream gas-liquid separators, and also cause corrosion hazards to some organic sealing materials. On the other hand, chloride ions themselves are corrosive hazards to electrodes. Chloride ions easily combine with some metal element ions to form complexes, making the metal more susceptible to dissolution and loss. At the same time, chloride ions may also combine with the active sites of certain types of anode catalysts, reducing the oxygen evolution activity of the catalyst.

[0005] At the cathode, the deposition of alkaline earth metal ions poses a variety of risks. On the one hand, the sediment will bury the cathode surface and hinder the reaction. The high content of alkaline earth metal ions such as calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) in seawater is very easy to deposit, and the pH rise caused by the cathode hydrogen evolution reaction and even the formation of a weak alkaline environment will lead to the formation of Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 and other sediments covering the electrode surface, hindering the hydrogen evolution reaction. On the other hand, the sediment inside the electrolytic cell structure poses a safety risk. When the electrolytic cell is in operation, there are internal environmental conditions such as high current and high pressure. After the sediment is blocked, it is easy to form a local voltage or excessive pressure, causing the internal structure of the electrolytic cell to break down and burn, or the pressure difference between the anode and cathode to be unbalanced, resulting in excessive hydrogen and oxygen interpenetration content, endangering production safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to reduce electrode corrosion and the blockage of electrodes by calcium and magnesium ions, the present application provides a seawater-supplied alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0007] The present application provides a seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A seawater-fed alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes a membrane electrode assembly, gas collection chambers are provided on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, a liquid inlet assembly is provided on the side of the gas collection chamber facing away from the membrane electrode assembly, and a gasification component is provided between the liquid inlet assembly and the gas collection chamber. The gasification component can gasify the liquid passing through it and allow it to enter the interior of the membrane electrode assembly.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, gas collection chambers are set on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, and a gasification component is set on the side of the gas collection chamber away from the membrane electrode assembly. A liquid inlet component for water supply is also set on one side of the gasification component. External seawater liquid enters the interior of the liquid inlet component, and the liquid is gasified and filtered by the gasification component. Steam enters the interior of the membrane electrode assembly through the gas collection chamber, and the water vapor is condensed and electrolyzed by the membrane electrode assembly. The gas after electrolysis enters the interior of the gas collection chamber for collection, so that gaseous water supply is adopted, and seawater is not in direct contact with the electrolysis device, thereby avoiding corrosion of the electrodes and clogging of the electrodes by calcium and magnesium ions. In addition, the electrodes are not immersed in alkaline solution, which reduces the solution resistance, avoids the bubble shielding effect, and has a higher electrolysis efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the membrane electrode assembly includes a hydrophilic membrane located in a central layer, and a cathode and an anode are respectively provided on both sides of the hydrophilic membrane.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a cathode and an anode are respectively arranged on both sides of the hydrophilic membrane, and the water vapor generated by the gasification component is condensed through the hydrophilic membrane. The condensed liquid enters the positions of the cathode and the anode for electrolysis. A hydrogen evolution reaction is carried out through the cathode, and the hydrogen generated at the cathode enters the interior of the gas collection chamber for storage and subsequent utilization. An oxygen evolution reaction is carried out through the anode, and the oxygen generated at the anode enters the interior of the gas collection chamber for storage and subsequent utilization.

[0012] Optionally, the hydrophilic membrane can fix alkali solution.

[0013] Optionally, the hydrophilic membrane may be an anion exchange membrane.

[0014] Optionally, the cathode is in close contact with the hydrophilic membrane.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, by relatively tightly fitting the cathode to the hydrophilic membrane, the cathode can fully electrolyze the condensed liquid inside the hydrophilic membrane, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency of the entire device.

[0016] Optionally, the anode is in close contact with the hydrophilic membrane.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, by relatively tightly fitting the anode and the hydrophilic membrane, the anode can fully electrolyze the condensed liquid inside the hydrophilic membrane, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency of the entire device.

[0018] Optionally, the alkali solution is a 30 wt% KOH solution.

[0019] Optionally, the gas collection chamber includes a cathode chamber and an anode chamber respectively located on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, the cathode chamber is relatively connected to the interior of the membrane electrode assembly, and the anode chamber is relatively connected to the interior of the membrane electrode assembly.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the cathode chamber and the anode chamber are set up so that the device does not need to perform gas-liquid separation. The hydrogen generated by cathode electrolysis enters the cathode chamber for storage, and the oxygen generated by anode electrolysis enters the anode chamber for storage. The water vapor formed by the gasification component enters the hydrophilic membrane through the cathode chamber for condensation to form a gaseous water supply. There are no alkaline nodules inside the cathode chamber and the anode chamber, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen do not need gas-liquid separation.

[0021] Optionally, the cathode chamber is located on a side close to the cathode, the anode chamber is located on a side close to the anode, the cathode chamber is relatively closely fixed to the cathode, and the anode chamber is relatively closely fixed to the anode.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, seawater is vaporized by the vaporization component to form water vapor, the water vapor enters the interior of the hydrophilic membrane for condensation, the condensed liquid is electrolyzed at the cathode to form hydrogen and enters the interior of the cathode chamber, and the condensed liquid is electrolyzed at the anode to form oxygen and enter the interior of the anode chamber.

[0023] Optionally, a hydrogen outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the cathode chamber, and the hydrogen outlet pipe is relatively communicated with the interior of the cathode chamber.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the side wall of the cathode chamber is fixedly connected with a hydrogen outlet pipe, so that the hydrogen outlet pipe connects the interior of the cathode chamber with the outside world. The hydrogen inside the cathode chamber can be discharged to the outside of the cathode chamber through the connection of the hydrogen outlet pipe, and the generated hydrogen can be further utilized.

[0025] Optionally, an oxygen outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the anode chamber, and the oxygen outlet pipe is relatively communicated with the interior of the anode chamber.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the side wall of the anode chamber is fixedly connected with an oxygen outlet pipe, so that the oxygen outlet pipe connects the interior of the anode chamber with the outside. The oxygen inside the anode chamber can be discharged to the outside of the anode chamber through the connection of the oxygen outlet pipe, and the generated oxygen can be further utilized.

[0027] Optionally, the hydrogen outlet pipe is located on the top wall of the cathode chamber.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution and arranging the hydrogen outlet pipe on the top wall of the cathode chamber, the oxygen inside the cathode chamber can be quickly discharged from the interior of the cathode chamber.

[0029] Optionally, the oxygen outlet pipe is located on the top wall of the anode chamber.

[0030] Optionally, a first collecting component is provided on the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipe, and a second collecting component is provided on the outside of the oxygen outlet pipe. The first collecting component can collect the hydrogen, and the second collecting component can collect the oxygen.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the first collecting component is relatively connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe, so that the hydrogen located inside the cathode chamber can enter the interior of the first collecting component through the hydrogen outlet pipe for storage or reuse; the second collecting component is relatively connected to the oxygen outlet pipe, so that the oxygen located inside the anode chamber can enter the interior of the second collecting component through the oxygen outlet pipe for storage or reuse.

[0032] Optionally, the gasification component includes a hydrophobic porous membrane, one end of the hydrophobic porous membrane is in contact with the liquid inlet component, and the other end of the hydrophobic porous membrane is in contact with the gas collection chamber.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the seawater located on one side of the liquid inlet assembly is vaporized through a hydrophobic porous membrane to form water vapor, so that the water vapor is supplied to the interior of the membrane electrode assembly for electrolysis after condensation to form gaseous water supply, thereby reducing the situation where the electrodes inside the membrane electrode assembly are directly placed inside the seawater to cause electrode corrosion and calcium and magnesium ions to block the electrodes.

[0034] Optionally, the heat generated by the electrolysis of water by the membrane electrode assembly can be transferred to the location of the hydrophobic porous membrane to provide heat for the evaporation of seawater.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the liquid generated by membrane electrode electrolysis of water is transferred to the position of the hydrophobic porous membrane, so that no additional heat is required. The waste heat generated by electrolysis can be directly transferred to seawater for seawater evaporation, saving the waste of external energy.

[0036] Optionally, the liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet chamber, and the gasification component completely separates the liquid inlet chamber from the gas collection chamber.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the gasification component is arranged between the liquid inlet chamber and the gas collection chamber, so that the liquid inlet chamber and the gas collection chamber are blocked by the gasification component, reducing the seawater inside the liquid inlet chamber from directly entering the interior of the gas collection chamber and the position of the membrane electrode assembly, thereby forming a state where gas-liquid separation is not required and seawater is separated from the electrodes.

[0038] Optionally, a seawater inlet pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the liquid inlet chamber, and a seawater outlet pipe is also fixedly connected to one side of the liquid inlet chamber. The seawater inlet pipe is relatively connected to the liquid inlet chamber, and the seawater outlet pipe is relatively connected to the liquid inlet chamber.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, external seawater can enter the interior of the liquid inlet chamber from the seawater inlet pipe, and the liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber is vaporized by the vaporization component to form water vapor and enter the position of the membrane electrode assembly. The residual liquid is discharged to the outside of the liquid inlet chamber through the seawater outlet pipe to circulate the liquid, so that the liquid can be continuously provided for the vaporization component for vaporization through the liquid inlet chamber.

[0040] Optionally, the seawater inlet pipe is located on a side of the liquid inlet chamber away from the gasification component.

[0041] Optionally, the seawater inlet pipe is located below the seawater outlet pipe.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, by arranging the seawater inlet pipe inside the seawater outlet pipe, the liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber can form a bottom-up flow direction, which facilitates full utilization of the liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber, thereby improving the vaporization degree of seawater.

[0043] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0044] 1. The seawater inside the liquid inlet assembly is vaporized into water vapor through the gasification component, and the water vapor is supplied to the position of the membrane electrode assembly for electrolysis, thereby forming a gaseous water supply. This prevents direct contact between the seawater and the electrodes, avoiding corrosion of the electrodes and blockage of the electrodes by calcium and magnesium ions.

[0045] 2. The membrane electrode assembly and gas collection chamber are provided so that the membrane electrode assembly is not immersed in the alkaline solution, which reduces the solution resistance and avoids the bubble shielding effect, thereby achieving higher electrolysis efficiency.

[0046] 3. The membrane electrode assembly condenses water vapor, and the condensed liquid undergoes hydrogen evolution reaction through the cathode to produce hydrogen, and the condensed liquid undergoes oxygen evolution reaction through the anode to produce oxygen. The generated hydrogen enters the cathode chamber for storage, and the generated oxygen enters the anode chamber for storage. There is no need for gas-liquid separation, which simplifies the auxiliary system of water electrolysis.

[0047] 4. The heat generated by electrolysis of water can be transferred to the seawater vaporization location and used for the evaporation of seawater without the need for additional heat supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a seawater-supplied alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Membrane electrode assembly; 11. Hydrophilic membrane; 12. Cathode; 13. Anode; 2. Gas collection chamber; 21. Cathode chamber; 211. Hydrogen outlet pipe; 22. Anode chamber; 221. Oxygen outlet pipe; 3. Liquid inlet assembly; 31. Liquid inlet chamber; 32. Seawater inlet pipe; 33. Seawater outlet pipe; 4. Gasification component; 41. Hydrophobic porous membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other.

[0051] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] Water electrolysis technology for producing green hydrogen can effectively address the global energy and environmental crises. However, current water electrolysis technology requires high water quality for its raw material. Consequently, it requires extensive auxiliary systems and is costly, making large-scale implementation challenging. Given the abundance and low cost of seawater in nature, electrolysis of seawater offers a promising alternative to traditional pure water electrolysis.

[0053] However, conventional hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis suffers from severe anode corrosion in chlorine-containing solutions, typically requiring precious metal electrodes. This leads to high equipment costs and the production of hazardous chlorine gas. Furthermore, seawater contains a large amount of calcium and magnesium ions, which deposit in alkaline conditions, covering the electrode surface and clogging the pores, thereby affecting its stability and activity.

[0054] At the anode, chloride ions can cause hazards such as corrosion of the electrolytic cell. On the one hand, the anodic oxidation products of chloride ions are oxidatively corrosive. The anode of the electrolytic cell is at a high potential. In addition to oxidizing oxygen anions into oxygen, it is also easy to oxidize chloride ions into chlorine (Cl2), hypochlorite (ClO-) and other by-products with strong oxidizing properties, which will cause oxidative corrosion to electrode materials, bipolar plate metal materials, and even downstream gas-liquid separators, and also cause corrosion hazards to some organic sealing materials. On the other hand, chloride ions themselves are corrosive hazards to electrodes. Chloride ions easily combine with some metal element ions to form complexes, making the metal more susceptible to dissolution and loss. At the same time, chloride ions may also combine with the active sites of certain types of anode catalysts, reducing the oxygen evolution activity of the catalyst.

[0055] At the cathode, the deposition of alkaline earth metal ions poses a variety of risks. On the one hand, the sediment will bury the cathode surface and hinder the reaction. The high content of alkaline earth metal ions such as calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) in seawater is very easy to deposit, and the pH rise caused by the cathode hydrogen evolution reaction and even the formation of a weak alkaline environment will lead to the formation of Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 and other sediments covering the electrode surface, hindering the hydrogen evolution reaction. On the other hand, the sediment inside the electrolytic cell structure poses a safety risk. When the electrolytic cell is in operation, there are internal environmental conditions such as high current and high pressure. After the sediment is blocked, it is easy to form a local voltage or excessive pressure, causing the internal structure of the electrolytic cell to break down and burn, or the pressure difference between the anode and cathode to be unbalanced, resulting in excessive hydrogen and oxygen interpenetration content, endangering production safety.

[0056] In order to reduce electrode corrosion and the blockage of electrodes by calcium and magnesium ions, the present application provides a seawater-supplied alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0057] The following is combined with Figure 1 This application is described in further detail.

[0058] The present application discloses a device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of water using seawater as a water supply. Figure 1A seawater-fed alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes a membrane electrode assembly 1, and gas collection chambers 2 for collecting gas are respectively provided on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly 1, so that the gas generated by electrolysis of the membrane electrode assembly 1 can enter the interior of the gas collection chamber 2 for collection and discharge. A liquid inlet assembly 3 is provided on the side of the gas collection chamber 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 1, and the liquid inlet assembly 3 can store and discharge seawater from the outside. A vaporization component 4 is provided between the liquid inlet assembly 3 and the gas collection chamber 2, and the vaporization component 4 completely separates the liquid inlet assembly 3 and the gas collection chamber 2, and the seawater inside the liquid inlet assembly 3 can be converted into water vapor through the vaporization component 4 and enter the interior of the membrane electrode assembly 1 for electrolysis reaction.

[0059] The liquid inlet assembly 3 includes a liquid inlet chamber 31, which is a rectangular hollow structure. A seawater inlet pipe 32 is provided on the side wall of the liquid inlet chamber 31 facing away from the gasification component 4. The seawater inlet pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet chamber 31. The seawater inlet pipe 32 is a tubular structure and is arranged horizontally. The interior of the seawater inlet pipe 32 is relatively connected to the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 31, so that seawater from the outside can enter the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 31 through the seawater inlet pipe.

[0060] A seawater outlet pipe 33 is further provided on the side wall of the liquid inlet chamber 31 facing away from the gasification component 4. The seawater outlet pipe 33 is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet chamber 31. The seawater outlet pipe 33 is a tubular structure and is arranged horizontally. The interior of the seawater outlet pipe 33 is relatively connected to the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 31, so that the liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber 31 can be discharged through the position of the seawater outlet pipe 33.

[0061] The seawater inlet pipe 32 is located below the seawater outlet pipe 33, thereby facilitating the entry of liquid from the outside into the liquid inlet chamber 31 through the seawater inlet pipe 32. The liquid in the liquid inlet chamber 31 is vaporized by the vaporization component 4 and then enters the membrane electrode assembly 1 for condensation electrolysis. Excess liquid is discharged from the top of the seawater outlet pipe 33, allowing the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 31 to be filled with seawater.

[0062] The vaporization component 4 includes a vertically arranged hydrophobic porous membrane 41. The hydrophobic porous membrane 41 can vaporize the liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber 31 through the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 to form water vapor under the promotion of chemical potential and enter the interior of the gas collection chamber 2.

[0063] One end of the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 is fixed in relative contact with the liquid inlet chamber 31, and the other end of the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 is fixed in relative contact with the gas collection chamber 2, so that the liquid inlet chamber 31 and the gas collection chamber 2 are separated by the hydrophobic porous membrane 41, and the liquid inlet chamber 31 and the gas collection chamber 2 are connected through the capillaries inside the hydrophobic porous membrane 41.

[0064] Driven by chemical potential, the seawater inside the liquid inlet chamber 31 is vaporized through the pores inside the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 to form water vapor. The water vapor enters the gas collection chamber 2 and then enters the membrane electrode assembly 1 for condensation. The condensed liquid is then electrolyzed through the electrodes, so that the water vapor is used for electrolysis in the membrane electrode assembly 1.

[0065] The membrane electrode assembly 1 includes a vertically arranged hydrophilic membrane 11. In one embodiment, the hydrophilic membrane 11 can fix a high-concentration alkaline liquid, such as a 30 wt% KOH solution. In another embodiment, the hydrophilic membrane 11 can also be an anion exchange membrane.

[0066] A cathode 12 is provided on the side of the hydrophilic membrane 11 close to the hydrophobic porous membrane 41. The cathode 12 is vertically arranged and relatively tightly abutted against the hydrophilic membrane 11. A hydrogen evolution reaction is carried out on the cathode 12 to produce hydrogen. An anode 13 is provided on the side of the hydrophilic membrane 11 away from the cathode 12. The cathode 12 and the anode 13 are arranged opposite to each other. The anode 13 is vertically arranged and tightly abutted against the hydrophilic membrane 11. An oxygen evolution reaction is carried out on the anode 13 to produce oxygen, thereby allowing the hydrogen produced at the cathode and the oxygen produced at the anode to enter the interior of the gas collection chamber 2 for storage and subsequent actions.

[0067] Driven by chemical potential, seawater is vaporized through the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 to form water vapor, and then the water vapor passes through the cathode 12 and enters the hydrophilic membrane 11 diaphragm containing 30wt% KOH solution to condense. The condensed liquid is electrolyzed through the cathode 12 and the anode 13. Hydrogen is generated by the hydrogen evolution reaction at the cathode 12, and oxygen is generated by the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode 13, which is gaseous water supply. The seawater is isolated from the cathode 12 and the anode 13, and there is no direct contact between the seawater and the electrodes, which avoids the corrosion of the electrodes and the disadvantages of calcium and magnesium ions clogging the electrodes. In addition, the membrane electrode is not immersed in the alkaline solution, which reduces the solution resistance and avoids the bubble shielding effect, resulting in a higher electrolysis efficiency.

[0068] The gas collection chamber 2 includes a vertically arranged cathode chamber 21, which is a hollow rectangular structure. The interior of the cathode chamber 21 is used to store the hydrogen generated by the cathode 12. One side of the cathode chamber 21 is relatively abutted against the hydrophobic porous membrane 41, and the other side of the cathode chamber 21 is relatively connected to the cathode 12 in the membrane electrode assembly 1. The hydrophobic porous membrane 41 and the membrane electrode assembly 1 are relatively connected through the cathode chamber 21. The water vapor formed after the seawater located inside the liquid inlet chamber 31 is vaporized through the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 can enter the interior of the hydrophilic membrane 11 in the membrane electrode assembly 1 through the cathode chamber 21. After the water vapor is liquefied through the hydrophilic membrane 11, it undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction through the cathode 12 to generate hydrogen, and then the hydrogen generated by the cathode 12 can enter the interior of the cathode chamber 21 for storage.

[0069] An anode chamber 22 is vertically arranged on the side of the anode 13 of the membrane electrode assembly 1 facing away from the hydrophilic membrane 11. The anode chamber 22 is a hollow rectangular structure for storing oxygen generated by the anode 13 through the oxygen evolution reaction. The anode chamber 22 is relatively abutted against the anode 13 and tightly connected to the anode 13, so that the oxygen generated by the oxygen evolution reaction of the anode 13 on the condensed water after liquefaction of the hydrophilic membrane 11 can enter the interior of the anode chamber 22 for storage.

[0070] A hydrogen outlet pipe 211 is vertically disposed on the top wall of the cathode chamber 21. The hydrogen outlet pipe 211 is a tubular structure fixedly connected to the side wall of the cathode chamber 21. One end of the hydrogen outlet pipe 211 is relatively connected to the interior of the cathode chamber 21, thereby enabling the discharge of gas within the cathode chamber 21. A first collection assembly may be disposed outside the cathode chamber 21. The first collection assembly is relatively connected to the interior of the cathode chamber 21 via the hydrogen outlet pipe 211, allowing gas within the cathode chamber 21 to enter the interior of the first collection assembly through the hydrogen outlet pipe 211 for collection.

[0071] An oxygen outlet pipe 221 is vertically disposed on the top wall of the anode chamber 22. The oxygen outlet pipe 221 is a tubular structure and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the anode chamber 22. One end of the oxygen outlet pipe 221 is in relative communication with the interior of the anode chamber 22, thereby enabling the discharge of gas within the anode chamber 22. A second collection assembly may be disposed outside the anode chamber 22. The second collection assembly is in relative communication with the interior of the anode chamber 22 via the oxygen outlet pipe 221, thereby allowing gas within the anode chamber 22 to enter the interior of the second collection assembly through the oxygen outlet pipe 221 for collection and subsequent utilization.

[0072] When the membrane electrode assembly 1 electrolyzes water vapor, a large amount of heat is generated. By arranging the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 in the vaporization component 4 on one side of the membrane electrode assembly 1, the heat generated by the membrane electrode assembly 1 can be transferred to the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 and the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 31, so that the generated heat heats the liquid and serves as a heat source to heat the seawater on the water supply side, thereby eliminating the need for additional external heating, reusing waste heat, and improving the utilization rate of the entire device.

[0073] The implementation principle of the seawater supply alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: seawater enters the interior of the liquid inlet chamber 3 from the seawater inlet pipe 32, and the seawater liquid inside the liquid inlet chamber 3 can be vaporized through the hydrophobic porous membrane 41 to form water vapor and enter the interior of the membrane electrode assembly 1, and the water vapor passes through the cathode 12 and enters the interior of the hydrophilic membrane 11 for condensation to form gaseous water supply. The condensed liquid generates hydrogen through the hydrogen evolution reaction generated by the cathode 12 and enters the interior of the cathode chamber 21. The condensed liquid generates oxygen through the oxygen evolution reaction generated by the anode 13 and enters the interior of the anode chamber 22.

[0074] Hydrogen within cathode chamber 21 is transferred via hydrogen outlet pipe 211 to the interior of a first collection assembly for external storage. Oxygen within anode chamber 22 is transferred via oxygen outlet pipe 221 to the interior of a second collection assembly for external storage. Seawater within liquid inlet chamber 3 continuously supplies water vapor to membrane electrode assembly 1, with excess seawater discharged via seawater outlet pipe 33.

[0075] In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to at least two or more than two, unless otherwise specified. Terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can mean fixed, removable, or integral; and "connected" can mean directly or indirectly through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0076] Throughout this specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," and "specific embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device, characterized by: The invention comprises a membrane electrode assembly (1), gas collection chambers (2) are provided on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly (1), a liquid inlet assembly (3) is provided on the side of the gas collection chamber (2) facing away from the membrane electrode assembly (1), a gasification component (4) is provided between the liquid inlet assembly (3) and the gas collection chamber (2), and the gasification component (4) gasifies the liquid that permeates from the liquid inlet assembly (3) and then enters the interior of the membrane electrode assembly (1) through the gas collection chamber (2).

2. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane electrode assembly (1) comprises a hydrophilic membrane (11) located in a central layer, and a cathode (12) and an anode (13) are respectively provided on both sides of the hydrophilic membrane (11).

3. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrophilic membrane (11) can fix the alkali solution.

4. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrophilic membrane (11) may be an anion exchange membrane.

5. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cathode (12) is in close contact with the hydrophilic membrane (11).

6. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anode (13) is in close contact with the hydrophilic membrane (11).

7. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The alkali solution is a 30wt% KOH solution.

8. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection chamber (2) comprises a cathode chamber (21) and an anode chamber (22) respectively located on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly (1); the cathode chamber (21) is relatively connected to the interior of the membrane electrode assembly (1); and the anode chamber (22) is relatively connected to the interior of the membrane electrode assembly (1).

9. A seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 2 or 8, characterized in that: The cathode chamber (21) is located on a side close to the cathode (12), and the anode chamber (22) is located on a side close to the anode (13). The cathode chamber (21) and the cathode (12) are relatively closely fixed, and the anode chamber (22) and the anode (13) are relatively closely fixed.

10. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hydrogen outlet pipe (211) is fixedly connected to the cathode chamber (21), and the hydrogen outlet pipe (211) is relatively communicated with the interior of the cathode chamber (21).

11. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: An oxygen outlet pipe (221) is fixedly connected to the anode chamber (22), and the oxygen outlet pipe (221) is relatively communicated with the interior of the anode chamber (22).

12. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater according to claim 10, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet pipe (211) is located on the top wall of the cathode chamber (21).

13. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that: The oxygen outlet pipe (221) is located on the top wall of the anode chamber (22).

14. The device for producing hydrogen from seawater using alkaline water electrolysis according to any one of claims 10 to 11, characterized in that: A first collecting component is provided on the outside of the hydrogen outlet pipe (211), and a second collecting component is provided on the outside of the oxygen outlet pipe (221). The first collecting component can collect the hydrogen, and the second collecting component can collect the oxygen.

15. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification component (4) includes a hydrophobic porous membrane (41), one end of the hydrophobic porous membrane (41) is in contact with the liquid inlet component (3), and the other end of the hydrophobic porous membrane (41) is in contact with the gas collection chamber (2).

16. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater according to claim 15, characterized in that: The heat generated by the membrane electrode assembly (1) during water electrolysis can be transferred to the location of the hydrophobic porous membrane (41), providing heat for seawater evaporation.

17. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet assembly (3) includes a liquid inlet chamber (31), and the gasification component (4) completely separates the liquid inlet chamber (31) from the gas collection chamber (2).

18. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater according to claim 17, characterized in that: One side of the liquid inlet chamber (31) is fixedly connected to a seawater inlet pipe (32), and one side of the liquid inlet chamber (31) is also fixedly connected to a seawater outlet pipe (33). The seawater inlet pipe (32) is relatively communicated with the liquid inlet chamber (31), and the seawater outlet pipe (33) is relatively communicated with the liquid inlet chamber (31).

19. The device for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of seawater according to claim 18, characterized in that: The seawater inlet pipe (32) is located on a side of the liquid inlet chamber (31) away from the gasification component (4).

20. The seawater-based alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The seawater inlet pipe (32) is located below the seawater outlet pipe (33).

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