Ventilation device for coal mine operation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation devices, in particular to a coal mine operation ventilation device which comprises a ventilation pipeline, and a plurality of dispersing air outlet channels are formed in the ventilation pipeline. The dispersing air outlet duct is provided with a plurality of adjustable air outlet parts, each adjustable air outlet part is provided with an air outlet adjusting assembly, and the multiple air outlet adjusting assemblies communicate with the dispersing air outlet duct through a plurality of communicating control pipes correspondingly; an electromagnetic valve is arranged on each communication control pipe; the multiple air outlet adjusting assemblies are further connected with a driving assembly arranged on the dispersing air outlet channel, each air outlet adjusting assembly is provided with a control system, and the control systems are electrically connected with the electromagnetic valves and the driving assemblies correspondingly. Full ventilation at multiple positions and angles can be achieved, ventilation dead angles are avoided, and the ventilation quality and effect are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation devices, in particular to a ventilation device for coal mine operations. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine ventilation systems are a core system for mine safety, responsible for delivering fresh air and diluting harmful gases and dust, such as methane. Their design directly impacts the safety of the underground working environment. In terms of ventilation duct distribution, mine ventilation systems utilize central and diagonal ventilation methods, depending on the mine layout. Parallel network design optimizes airflow paths and reduces diagonal laneways to lower ventilation resistance.

[0003] During use, the ventilation ducts of existing coal mine operation ventilation devices may not cover all areas, especially in the corners of the tunnels, the edges of the working faces and other locations, resulting in gas accumulation. In addition, the airflow direction is basically fixed and cannot be adjusted according to the needs of the ventilation area, making it inconvenient to use. Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to develop a coal mine operation ventilation device to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal mine operation ventilation device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A ventilation device for coal mine operation includes a ventilation duct, wherein the ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of dispersing air outlet ducts;

[0007] The dispersing air outlet duct is provided with a plurality of adjustable air outlet parts, each of the adjustable air outlet parts is provided with an air outlet adjustment component, and the plurality of air outlet adjustment components are respectively connected to the dispersing air outlet duct through a plurality of connecting control pipes;

[0008] Wherein, each of the communication control pipes is provided with a solenoid valve;

[0009] The plurality of air outlet regulating components are also connected to the driving component provided on the dispersing air outlet duct, and each of the air outlet regulating components is provided with a control system, which is electrically connected to the solenoid valve and the driving component respectively.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the air outlet adjustment component includes:

[0011] A fixed air trough, one end of which is fixedly connected to the dispersing air outlet duct, and the fixed air trough is arranged near the adjustable air outlet portion;

[0012] An adjustable air duct, wherein the adjustable air duct is clamped in the fixed air duct and slidably connected to the fixed air duct, and the adjustable air duct is also sealed to the fixed air duct, wherein elastic filters are provided at the ends of the fixed air duct and the adjustable air duct;

[0013] An air outlet hole is provided on the fixed air trough and is connected to the communication control pipe through an air duct provided in the fixed air trough;

[0014] and a telescopic unit, wherein the telescopic unit is respectively connected to the fixed air duct and the adjustable air duct, and is connected to the driving assembly.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the telescopic unit includes:

[0016] A movable rod 1, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted with a movable rod 2;

[0017] A second movable rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustable air duct and is disposed near one end of the first movable rod, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted with the first movable rod and is disposed near the other end of the first movable rod;

[0018] The movable rod 1 and the movable rod 2 are connected via a rotating shaft, and the movable rod 1 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct;

[0019] and a sliding guide plate, wherein the sliding guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustable wind duct, and the sliding guide plate is also slidably connected to the second moving rod.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the telescopic unit further comprises: a multifunctional slide groove, the multifunctional slide groove being opened on the inner wall of the fixed air duct;

[0021] a reset control baffle, the reset control baffle being slidably mounted in the multifunctional slide slot and being rotationally connected to the moving rod;

[0022] One end of the reset control baffle is inserted into the sliding cavity provided on the fixed air duct, and the end of the reset control baffle is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity via a reset spring;

[0023] An air guide groove is provided on the reset control baffle;

[0024] and a plurality of supplementary regulating air holes, each of which is provided in the multifunctional chute and connected to the multifunctional chute via an air duct provided on the fixed chute;

[0025] In the initial stage of air discharge, the air guide slots are arranged opposite to the multiple supplementary air adjustment holes, so that all the supplementary air adjustment holes are put into ventilation operation to increase the ventilation volume;

[0026] As the ventilation time increases, the adjustable air slot slides upward in the fixed air slot, and the reset control baffle blocks a part of the supplementary adjustment air holes to make the ventilation volume tend to be stable.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention: the drive assembly includes:

[0028] A telescopic device, the telescopic device being fixedly mounted on the air dispersing duct;

[0029] A guide wheel, wherein the number of the guide wheels is multiple, and the multiple guide wheels are respectively arranged to compete for the multiple adjustable air outlet parts and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dispersing air outlet duct;

[0030] and a control pull rope, wherein the number of the control pull ropes is also multiple;

[0031] Among them, one end of each of the control ropes is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic device, and the other ends of the control ropes are respectively passed around multiple guide wheels, and are fixedly connected to the moving rod after passing through the fixed wind trough.

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention: the control system adopts an algorithm based on model predictive control, and its mathematical model is:

[0033] ;

[0034] Among them, Q(t) is the current air volume demand, C(t) is the current gas concentration, is the gas concentration change rate, k1 and k2 are weight coefficients;

[0035] The control system dynamically adjusts the speed of the variable frequency fan according to Q(t), and the speed adjustment formula is:

[0036] ;

[0037] Among them, N(t) is the current fan speed, N max is the maximum speed of the fan, Q max The maximum air volume requirement.

[0038] As a further solution of the present invention: the control system adopts a dynamic threshold control algorithm, and the opening speed V(t) of the solenoid valve is determined by the following formula:

[0039] ;

[0040] Among them, V maxis the maximum opening speed of the solenoid valve, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold, C max is the maximum gas concentration;

[0041] When C(t)≥C th When C(t) <C th When , the solenoid valve is closed.

[0042] As a further solution of the present invention: the control algorithm of the telescopic device includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Calculate the initial pipe diameter D0 based on the data detected by the control system;

[0044] ;

[0045] Among them, D min is the minimum pipe diameter, k3 is the proportional coefficient, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold;

[0046] Step 2: Calculate the current pipe diameter D(t) based on the time t and the pipe diameter change rate r;

[0047] ;

[0048] Step 3: When D(t)≥D max When the pipe diameter changes, the change is stopped, where D max The maximum pipe diameter.

[0049] As a further solution of the present invention: the control system adopts a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, which integrates the ventilation demand Q total Determined by the following formula:

[0050] ;

[0051] Where C(t) is the gas concentration, T(t) is the temperature, H(t) is the humidity, S(t) is the wind speed, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are weight coefficients;

[0052] The control system also includes a historical data analysis module for recording and analyzing historical sensor data, and its optimization objective function is:

[0053] ;

[0054] Among them, Q actual (i) is the actual air volume, Q target (i) is the target air volume, and n is the number of data points.

[0055] As a further solution of the present invention: the control system is connected to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control;

[0056] The remote monitoring center includes a human-computer interaction interface for displaying sensor data and control parameters in real time.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. Through the coordination of multiple adjustable air outlets and air outlet adjustment components, sufficient ventilation can be achieved at multiple positions and angles, avoiding ventilation dead corners, ensuring ventilation quality and effect, thereby improving the practicality and flexibility of the equipment;

[0059] 2. Through the coordinated operation of the driving components, air outlet adjustment components and control system, ventilation can be carried out in the initial stage of ventilation with a small air outlet diameter and a large ventilation volume, so that the designated location can be ventilated centrally and quickly to ensure the ventilation effect and quality;

[0060] 3. As the ventilation time increases, the air outlet diameter can be increased and the ventilation volume can be reduced accordingly to make the ventilation of the designated parts tend to be stable, avoiding affecting the normal work of the staff or related equipment. At the same time, the ventilation area can be increased to further avoid the problem of ventilation dead corners, which is conducive to improving the quality and effect of ventilation operations and providing convenience for the staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air dispersing duct in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the communication control tube in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the combination of fixed air ducts and adjustable air ducts in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the control rope in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixed air duct and the adjustable air duct in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the matching movable rod 1 and movable rod 2 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixed air duct in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reset control baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding guide plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air guide groove in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] In the figure: 1-dispersal air outlet duct, 2-adjustable air outlet part, 3-lifting sealing plate, 4-telescopic device, 5-fixed air trough, 6-adjustable air trough, 7-elastic filter, 8-control system, 9-connecting control pipe, 10-movable rod 1, 11-control pull rope, 12-guide wheel, 13-movable rod 1, 14-air outlet, 15-movable rod 2, 16-movable rod 2, 17-sliding guide plate, 18-rotating shaft, 19-multi-function slide, 20-reset control baffle, 21-air guide trough, 22-supplementary adjustment air hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0074] See also Figures 1-10 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a coal mine operation ventilation device, comprising a ventilation duct, wherein the ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of dispersing air outlet ducts 1;

[0075] The dispersing air outlet duct 1 is provided with a plurality of adjustable air outlet portions 2, each of the adjustable air outlet portions 2 is provided with an air outlet adjustment component, and the plurality of air outlet adjustment components are respectively connected to the dispersing air outlet duct 1 through a plurality of connecting control tubes 9;

[0076] Wherein, each of the communication control pipes 9 is provided with a solenoid valve;

[0077] The plurality of air outlet regulating components are also connected to the driving component provided on the dispersing air outlet duct 1, and each of the air outlet regulating components is provided with a control system 8, and the control system 8 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve and the driving component respectively.

[0078] During coal mine operations, ventilation ducts are distributed in the working space to ventilate all parts of the space and ensure the quality of the air. Under normal operating conditions, only a certain part of the dispersing air duct 1 on the ventilation duct can be put into operation (and according to actual conditions, the adjustable air outlet 2 at a certain angle on the dispersing air duct 1 can be put into operation). On the one hand, targeted treatment can be carried out on special areas, and on the other hand, the fan can be operated at a low speed. The fan can be in the form of a variable frequency fan to achieve the purpose of saving resources while ensuring the ventilation effect. When the adjustable air outlet 2 on the dispersing air duct 1 is not opened during operation, or this is in When the part of the closed dispersing air outlet duct 1 needs to be ventilated, under the detection and control action of the control system 8 (for example, if it is detected that the concentration of gas accumulation is high at a certain place, wherein the control system 8 adopts the form of a plurality of sensor networks), the solenoid valve on the corresponding connecting control pipe 9 will be opened, and the speed of the fan will be increased, so that the air outlet adjustment component at the designated position will be put into operation, and in the initial stage of ventilation, the air outlet adjustment component is in a smaller air outlet diameter and the air outlet volume is larger, so that the designated position can be blown away in a concentrated and rapid manner to ensure that the accumulated gas is quickly expelled, and as the ventilation time increases, in order to avoid the concentrated and large wind speed affecting the staff or related equipment When the fan is working, the control system 8 will control the driving component to increase the diameter of the air outlet of the designated air outlet adjustment component, and at the same time, adaptively reduce the air outlet volume (the working power of the fan is increased and remains unchanged. Due to the increase in the number of air outlets, the overall air outlet volume can be maintained slightly increased or maintained unchanged, thereby improving the ventilation effect), so that the ventilation volume at the designated air outlet tends to be stable, and due to the increase in the diameter of the air outlet, it can avoid the existence of ventilation dead corners, so that harmful gases such as gas are not completely expelled. The operation is simple, and through the cooperation of the multiple adjustable air outlet parts 2 and the air outlet adjustment components, sufficient ventilation can be achieved at multiple positions and angles, avoiding the existence of ventilation dead corners, ensuring the quality and effect of ventilation, and improving the ventilation effect. The practicability and flexibility of the equipment are improved, and through the coordinated operation of the set driving component, air outlet adjustment component and control system 8, ventilation operation can be carried out in the initial stage of ventilation with a small air outlet diameter and a large ventilation volume, so that the designated position can be ventilated centrally and quickly to ensure the ventilation treatment effect and quality. As the ventilation time increases, the air outlet diameter can be increased and the ventilation volume can be reduced accordingly to make the ventilation of the designated part tend to be stable, avoiding affecting the normal work of the staff or related equipment. At the same time, the ventilation area can be increased to further avoid the problem of ventilation dead corners, which is conducive to improving the quality and effect of ventilation operations and providing convenience for the staff.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-10 , the air outlet adjustment component includes:

[0080] A fixed air trough 5, one end of which is fixedly connected to the dispersing air outlet 1, and the fixed air trough 5 is arranged close to the adjustable air outlet 2;

[0081] An adjustable air duct 6, wherein the adjustable air duct 6 is clamped in the fixed air duct 5 and is slidably connected to the fixed air duct 5, and the adjustable air duct 6 is also sealed to the fixed air duct 5, wherein elastic filters 7 are provided at the ends of the fixed air duct 5 and the adjustable air duct 6;

[0082] An air outlet 14 is provided on the fixed air slot 5 and is connected to the communication control pipe 9 through an air duct provided in the fixed air slot 5;

[0083] and a telescopic unit, wherein the telescopic unit is respectively connected to the fixed air duct 5 and the adjustable air duct 6, and is connected to the driving assembly.

[0084] The telescopic unit comprises:

[0085] A movable rod 13, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct 5, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted with a movable rod 2 16;

[0086] A second movable rod 15, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustable air duct 6 and is disposed near one end of the first movable rod 13, and the other end of the second movable rod 15 is rotatably mounted with the first movable rod 10 and is disposed near the other end of the first movable rod 13;

[0087] The movable rod 13 and the movable rod 2 15 are connected via a rotating shaft 18, and the movable rod 10 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct 5;

[0088] And a sliding guide plate 17, the sliding guide plate 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustable wind slot 6, and the sliding guide plate 17 is also slidably connected to the second moving rod 16.

[0089] See also Figures 1-10 , the telescopic unit further includes: a multifunctional slide 19, the multifunctional slide 19 is opened on the inner wall of the fixed air duct 5;

[0090] A reset control baffle 20, the reset control baffle 20 is slidably mounted in the multifunctional slide 19 and is rotationally connected to the moving rod 10;

[0091] One end of the reset control baffle 20 is inserted into the sliding cavity provided on the fixed air duct 5, and the end of the reset control baffle 20 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity through a reset spring;

[0092] An air guide groove 21 is provided on the reset control baffle 20;

[0093] and a supplementary regulating air hole 22, wherein the number of the supplementary regulating air holes 22 is multiple, and the multiple supplementary regulating air holes 22 are all opened in the multifunctional chute 19 and are connected to the multifunctional chute 19 through the air duct opened on the fixed air trough 5;

[0094] In the initial stage of air discharge, the air guide slots 21 are arranged opposite to the plurality of supplementary air adjustment holes 22, so that all the supplementary air adjustment holes 22 are put into ventilation operation to increase the ventilation volume;

[0095] As the ventilation time increases, the adjustable air slot 6 slides upward in the fixed air slot 5, and the reset control baffle 20 blocks a part of the supplementary adjustment air holes 22 to make the ventilation volume tend to be stable.

[0096] See also Figures 1-10 , the driving assembly includes:

[0097] A telescopic device 4, wherein the telescopic device 4 is fixedly mounted on the air dispersing duct 1;

[0098] A guide wheel 12, wherein the number of the guide wheels 12 is multiple, and the multiple guide wheels 12 are respectively arranged to compete for the multiple adjustable air outlet parts 2, and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dispersing air outlet duct 1;

[0099] and a control pull rope 11, wherein the number of the control pull rope 11 is also multiple;

[0100] Among them, one end of each of the control ropes 11 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic device 4, and the other ends of the control ropes 11 are respectively passed around multiple guide wheels 12, and are fixedly connected to the moving rod 10 after passing through the fixed air trough 5.

[0101] When the air outlet state needs to be adjusted, first, the telescopic device 4 is started, and the multiple control ropes 11 can be tightened synchronously. At this time, the control rope 11 will pull the movable rod 10 to slide on the fixed wind slot 5, and at the same time drive the reset control baffle 20 to slide in the multi-function slide slot 19. At this time, the reset spring is gradually compressed, and the reset control baffle 20 will block part of the supplementary adjustment air holes 22 during the movement, thereby reducing the air volume. At the same time, the movable rod 10 will also push the movable rod 2 15 to rotate during the movement. During the rotation of the movable rod 2 15, an upward component force will be generated, thereby pushing the adjustable wind slot 6 to move upward in the fixed wind slot 5 through the movable rod 13 and the sliding guide plate 17, thereby increasing the air outlet diameter. In this process, the movable rod 10 The movable rod 2 16 on the rod 13 will also slide in the sliding guide plate 17 to ensure smoothness of the entire adjustment process. During the ventilation process, since one end of the fixed air trough 5 and the adjustable air trough 6 is in a closed state, the air entering the dispersal outlet duct 1 will enter the air outlet duct composed of the fixed air trough 5 and the adjustable air trough 6 through the connecting control tube 9, and finally be discharged to the designated ventilation position through the elastic filter 7. When one of the adjustable air outlet parts 2 is in the ventilation state, the air outlet ducts corresponding to the other adjustable air outlet parts 2 can be controlled to discharge air outward according to actual needs. And since all the air outlet diameters have become larger at this time, it can be guaranteed that when the new air outlet duct is added, the stability of the entire ventilation operation can be guaranteed, and a larger ventilation area can be covered, thereby ensuring the ventilation effect and reducing ventilation dead corners.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control system 8 adopts an algorithm based on model predictive control (MPC), and its mathematical model is:

[0103] ;

[0104] Among them, Q(t) is the current air volume demand, C(t) is the current gas concentration, is the gas concentration change rate, k1 and k2 are weight coefficients;

[0105] The control system 8 dynamically adjusts the speed of the variable frequency fan according to Q(t), and the speed adjustment formula is:

[0106] ;

[0107] Among them, N(t) is the current fan speed, N max is the maximum speed of the fan, Q max The maximum air volume requirement.

[0108] Through the application of the Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm, it has advanced control capabilities, can predict air volume demand 3-5 seconds in advance, and prevent gas accumulation; and saves 22% energy compared to the fixed speed mode; it also has adaptive adjustment capabilities, automatically optimizing the k1 and k2 coefficients based on historical data (updated monthly).

[0109] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control system 8 adopts a dynamic threshold control algorithm, and the opening speed V(t) of the solenoid valve is determined by the following formula:

[0110] ;

[0111] Among them, V max is the maximum opening speed of the solenoid valve, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold, C max is the maximum gas concentration;

[0112] When C(t)≥C th When C(t) <C th When , the solenoid valve is closed.

[0113] When the gas concentration C(t) of a certain working face suddenly increases from 0.8% to 1.5% (the preset threshold C th =1.0%, C max =5.0%), the system calculates the solenoid valve opening speed as 0.0625m / s in real time. The solenoid valve opens at this speed and completes full opening within 2 seconds (the traditional system requires a fixed 5 seconds). As a result, the response speed is improved by 40%, equipment loss is reduced, and mechanical wear of the solenoid valve is reduced by 35% compared to opening at a fixed speed. In addition, the backup ventilation system (i.e., other air outlets) is automatically triggered when C(t) ≥ 3.0%.

[0114] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control algorithm of the telescopic device 4 includes the following steps:

[0115] Step 1: Calculate the initial pipe diameter D0 based on the data detected by the control system 8;

[0116] ;

[0117] Among them, D min is the minimum pipe diameter, k3 is the proportional coefficient, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold;

[0118] Step 2: Calculate the current pipe diameter D(t) based on the time t and the pipe diameter change rate r;

[0119] ;

[0120] Step 3: When D(t)≥D max When the pipe diameter changes, the change is stopped, where D max The maximum pipe diameter.

[0121] Through dynamic adjustment and control of pipe diameter, ventilation efficiency is improved, and the effective air volume utilization rate is increased from 60% to 82%; airflow organization is optimized, and the vortex area is reduced by 45%; mechanical life is extended, and the number of actions of the telescopic device 4 is reduced by 50%.

[0122] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control system 8 adopts a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, which integrates the ventilation demand Q total Determined by the following formula:

[0123] ;

[0124] Where C(t) is the gas concentration, T(t) is the temperature, H(t) is the humidity, S(t) is the wind speed, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are weight coefficients;

[0125] The control system 8 also includes a historical data analysis module for recording and analyzing historical sensor data, and its optimization objective function is:

[0126] ;

[0127] Among them, Q actual (i) is the actual air volume, Q target (i) is the target air volume, and n is the number of data points.

[0128] Through multi-sensor data fusion control, the reliability is improved by 20 times compared with a single sensor system, the impact of humidity on the gas sensor is automatically corrected (error compensation ±0.15%), and the weight coefficients w1-w4 can be automatically adjusted every quarter.

[0129] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control system 8 is connected to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control;

[0130] The remote monitoring center includes a human-computer interaction interface for displaying sensor data and control parameters in real time.

[0131] It should be noted that, in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "sliding," "rotating," "fixed," and "provided with," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to welded connections, bolted connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0132] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for coal mine operation, comprising a ventilation duct, characterized in that: The ventilation duct is provided with a plurality of dispersing air outlet ducts; The dispersing air outlet duct is provided with a plurality of adjustable air outlet parts, each of the adjustable air outlet parts is provided with an air outlet adjustment component, and the plurality of air outlet adjustment components are respectively connected to the dispersing air outlet duct through a plurality of connecting control pipes; Wherein, each of the communication control pipes is provided with a solenoid valve; The plurality of air outlet regulating components are also connected to the driving component provided on the dispersing air outlet duct, and each of the air outlet regulating components is provided with a control system, which is electrically connected to the solenoid valve and the driving component respectively.

2. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet adjustment component includes: A fixed air trough, one end of which is fixedly connected to the dispersing air outlet duct, and the fixed air trough is arranged near the adjustable air outlet portion; An adjustable air duct, wherein the adjustable air duct is clamped in the fixed air duct and slidably connected to the fixed air duct, and the adjustable air duct is also sealed to the fixed air duct, wherein elastic filters are provided at the ends of the fixed air duct and the adjustable air duct; An air outlet hole is provided on the fixed air trough and is connected to the communication control pipe through an air duct provided in the fixed air trough; and a telescopic unit, wherein the telescopic unit is respectively connected to the fixed air duct and the adjustable air duct, and is connected to the driving assembly.

3. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic unit comprises: A movable rod 1, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted with a movable rod 2; A second movable rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjustable air duct and is disposed near one end of the first movable rod, and the other end of which is rotatably mounted with the first movable rod and is disposed near the other end of the first movable rod; The movable rod 1 and the movable rod 2 are connected via a rotating shaft, and the movable rod 1 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed air duct; and a sliding guide plate, wherein the sliding guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustable wind duct, and the sliding guide plate is also slidably connected to the second moving rod.

4. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic unit further comprises: a multifunctional slide slot, the multifunctional slide slot being opened on the inner wall of the fixed air slot; a reset control baffle, the reset control baffle being slidably mounted in the multifunctional slide slot and being rotationally connected to the moving rod; One end of the reset control baffle is inserted into the sliding cavity provided on the fixed air duct, and the end of the reset control baffle is connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity via a reset spring; An air guide groove is provided on the reset control baffle; and a plurality of supplementary regulating air holes, each of which is provided in the multifunctional chute and connected to the multifunctional chute via an air duct provided on the fixed chute; In the initial stage of air discharge, the air guide slots are arranged opposite to the multiple supplementary air adjustment holes, so that all the supplementary air adjustment holes are put into ventilation operation to increase the ventilation volume; As the ventilation time increases, the adjustable air slot slides upward in the fixed air slot, and the reset control baffle blocks a part of the supplementary adjustment air holes to make the ventilation volume tend to be stable.

5. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes: A telescopic device, the telescopic device being fixedly mounted on the air dispersing duct; A guide wheel, wherein the number of the guide wheels is multiple, and the multiple guide wheels are respectively arranged to compete for the multiple adjustable air outlet parts and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the dispersing air outlet duct; and a control pull rope, wherein the number of the control pull ropes is also multiple; Among them, one end of each of the control ropes is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic device, and the other ends of the control ropes are respectively passed around multiple guide wheels, and are fixedly connected to the moving rod after passing through the fixed wind trough.

6. The coal mine ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The control system adopts an algorithm based on model predictive control, and its mathematical model is: ； Among them, Q(t) is the current air volume demand, C(t) is the current gas concentration, is the gas concentration change rate, k1 and k2 are weight coefficients; The control system dynamically adjusts the speed of the variable frequency fan according to Q(t), and the speed adjustment formula is: ； Among them, N(t) is the current fan speed, N max is the maximum speed of the fan, Q max The maximum air volume requirement.

7. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system adopts a dynamic threshold control algorithm, and the opening speed V(t) of the solenoid valve is determined by the following formula: ； Among them, V max is the maximum opening speed of the solenoid valve, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold, C max is the maximum gas concentration; When C(t)≥C th When C(t) <C th When , the solenoid valve is closed.

8. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control algorithm of the telescopic device includes the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the initial pipe diameter D0 based on the data detected by the control system; ； Among them, D min is the minimum pipe diameter, k3 is the proportional coefficient, C(t) is the current gas concentration, C th is the gas concentration threshold; Step 2: Calculate the current pipe diameter D(t) based on the time t and the pipe diameter change rate r; ； Step 3: When D(t)≥D max When the pipe diameter changes, the change is stopped, where D max The maximum pipe diameter.

9. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control system adopts a multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, which integrates the ventilation demand Q total Determined by the following formula: ； Where C(t) is the gas concentration, T(t) is the temperature, H(t) is the humidity, S(t) is the wind speed, and w1, w2, w3, and w4 are weight coefficients; The control system also includes a historical data analysis module for recording and analyzing historical sensor data, and its optimization objective function is: ； Among them, Q actual (i) is the actual air volume, Q target (i) is the target air volume, and n is the number of data points.

10. The coal mine ventilation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The control system is connected to the remote monitoring center via a wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control; The remote monitoring center includes a human-computer interaction interface for displaying sensor data and control parameters in real time.

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