Hydrogen production control method, system and equipment based on photovoltaic power generation and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic power generation-based hydrogen production control method, system and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the field of photovoltaic hydrogen production. The method comprises the steps of dividing an operation area of the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operation area and a fluctuating operation area based on power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system; determining a basic operation parameter of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power of the stable operation area, and determining a dynamic adjustment parameter based on the second output power of the fluctuating operation area; energy conversion efficiency is calculated based on the operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than target efficiency, key parameters influencing the energy conversion efficiency are determined; and generating a target regulation and control strategy according to the key parameters, and controlling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the target regulation and control strategy. By implementing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can still keep a stable operation state under the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation working condition, and the energy conversion efficiency of the system is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic hydrogen production, and specifically to a method, system, device and storage medium for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the transition to a more energy-efficient structure and the advancement of carbon neutrality goals, renewable energy generation, represented by photovoltaic power generation, has become a crucial form of power generation. However, the intermittent and fluctuating nature of photovoltaic power generation poses challenges for grid absorption. This unstable power output is incompatible with the requirements of traditional electricity loads, often requiring the use of energy storage systems or grid-connected operation. Water electrolysis hydrogen production systems, as a flexible load, can fully utilize the excess power of photovoltaic power generation systems, achieving efficient energy conversion and storage.

[0003] Currently, water electrolysis hydrogen production systems typically operate at a constant voltage or constant current. This method works well when powered by a traditional stable power source, but it has drawbacks when combined with photovoltaic power generation systems. Due to natural factors such as light intensity and cloud cover, the output power of photovoltaic power generation systems often fluctuates. This makes it difficult for water electrolysis hydrogen production systems to maintain stable operation, significantly reducing energy conversion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a hydrogen production control method, system, equipment and storage medium based on photovoltaic power generation, which enables the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to maintain a stable operating state under fluctuating photovoltaic power generation conditions, effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation, the method comprising: Obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Based on the power generation characteristic data, the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system is divided into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region; determining basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operation region, and determining dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operation region; calculating an energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determining key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to a current operating state; A target control strategy is generated according to the key parameters, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to operate according to the target control strategy, wherein the target control strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the operating area is divided into a stable operating area and a fluctuating operating area based on the power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system. The basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are determined separately, so that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can adapt to the output characteristics of different operating periods. When the energy conversion efficiency decreases, by determining the key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency and generating a target control strategy, the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters are coordinated to achieve adjustment. This allows the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to maintain a stable operating state under the fluctuating conditions of photovoltaic power generation, effectively improving the system's energy conversion efficiency.

[0007] In a second aspect of the present application, a photovoltaic-based hydrogen production control system is provided, the system comprising: A data acquisition module is used to obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; a region division module, configured to divide the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region based on the power generation characteristic data; an operating parameter determination module, configured to determine basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operating region, and to determine dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operating region; a key parameter determination module, configured to calculate an energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determine a key parameter affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to a current operating state; A control and regulation module is used to generate a target regulation strategy based on the key parameters, and control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the target regulation strategy, wherein the target regulation strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0008] In a third aspect of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided. The computer storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the above method steps.

[0009] In a fourth aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded by the processor and executing the above-mentioned method steps.

[0010] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This application divides the operating area into a stable operating area and a fluctuating operating area based on the power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system, and determines the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system respectively, so that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can adapt to the output characteristics of different operating periods. When the energy conversion efficiency decreases, by determining the key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency and generating a target control strategy, the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters are coordinated to achieve the coordinated adjustment of the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters, so that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can still maintain a stable operating state under the fluctuating conditions of photovoltaic power generation, effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a module schematic diagram of a hydrogen production control system based on photovoltaic power generation provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Description of reference numerals: 300, electronic device; 301, processor; 302, communication bus; 303, user interface; 304, network interface; 305, memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0014] In the description of the embodiments of this application, words such as "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0015] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple systems refer to two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals refer to two or more screen terminals. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0016] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 , a flow chart of a method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation is proposed. The method can be implemented by a computer program, a single-chip microcomputer, or run on a hydrogen production control system based on photovoltaic power generation. The computer program can be integrated into a computer device or run as an independent tool application. Specifically, the method includes steps 10 to 50, which are as follows: Step 10: Obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0018] In the embodiments of this application, a photovoltaic power generation system refers to a power generation system that converts solar energy into electrical energy through solar cell modules, including solar cell arrays, inverters, and other equipment. A water electrolysis hydrogen production system refers to a system that uses electrical energy to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen, including an electrolyzer, an electrolyte circulation system, and a gas-liquid separation device. The electrolyzer achieves the water electrolysis process by adjusting the electrolysis voltage and electrolysis current.

[0019] The photovoltaic power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are connected via power transmission lines, forming a complete photovoltaic hydrogen production system. The photovoltaic power generation system, as the energy supplier, provides the electricity required for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate; the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, as the energy consumer, converts the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into chemical energy, achieving clean energy storage and conversion.

[0020] Power generation characteristic data refers to the historical operating data collected by the photovoltaic power generation system over the past period of time (for example, the last three days), including but not limited to parameters such as output power, power fluctuation value, and power duration.

[0021] Operational data refers to data reflecting the working status of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including parameters such as input power, hydrogen production, electrolysis temperature, electrolysis pressure and electrolyte concentration, which are used to evaluate the system's operating performance and energy conversion efficiency.

[0022] Specifically, the controller first needs to obtain the power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and the operating data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to accurately judge and control the system's operating status. The power generation characteristic data refers to the historical operating data of the photovoltaic power generation system over the past week, including output power, power fluctuation value, and power duration. The controller communicates with the photovoltaic power generation system's data acquisition device, collects the current output power value every 5 minutes, and stores this data in the system database. For the data at each sampling moment, the controller calculates the output power change between two adjacent sampling points to obtain the power fluctuation value, and records the duration that the output power remains within a preset range (for example, within ±5% of the rated power) as the power duration. These power generation characteristic data reflect the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system at different time periods and under different weather conditions, providing an important basis for the subsequent division of operating areas.

[0023] The controller also needs to obtain operational data from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including parameters such as input power, hydrogen production, electrolysis temperature, electrolysis pressure, and electrolyte concentration. The controller collects this operational data in real time through the system's built-in sensor network, which includes power sensors, hydrogen flow meters, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and concentration sensors. These sensors collect data at a preset sampling frequency (e.g., every minute) and transmit the data to the controller via an industrial communication network. The controller preprocesses the received operational data, including data verification, outlier filtering, and data normalization, to ensure data accuracy and usability. This operational data is used not only to calculate the system's energy conversion efficiency but also to monitor system operating status and promptly identify key parameters that affect system efficiency.

[0024] Step 20: Based on the power generation characteristic data, the operating area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation system is divided into a stable operating area and a fluctuating operating area.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the stable operation region refers to an operation region in which the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is relatively stable, and the fluctuating operation region refers to an operation region in which the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system exhibits obvious fluctuation characteristics.

[0026] Specifically, the controller collects the power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system, including the output power fluctuation value and power duration in different power ranges. The photovoltaic power generation system has multiple operating areas, including a low-power operating area (500kW-1000kW), a medium-power operating area (1000kW-1500kW), and a high-power operating area (1500kW-2000kW). Based on the acquired power generation characteristic data, the power stability and time continuity indicators of each operating area are calculated. When the power stability of an operating area is less than 15% and the time continuity is greater than 2 hours, the operating area is divided into a stable operating area, otherwise it is divided into a fluctuating operating area. This regional division method based on power generation characteristic data provides a basis for optimizing the operation strategy of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0027] Based on the above embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the step of dividing the operating area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operating area and a fluctuating operating area based on the power generation characteristic data may further include the following steps: Step 201: Obtain output power fluctuation value sequence and power duration in power generation characteristic data.

[0028] Specifically, power generation characteristic data is collected from multiple operating areas of the photovoltaic power generation system. Using a 5-minute sampling period, 72 hours of continuous operating data are collected to obtain a sequence of output power fluctuation values ​​{P1, P2, ..., Pn}, where Pi represents the output power value at the i-th sampling point. The duration of each power value is also recorded {T1, T2, ..., Tn}, where Ti represents the duration of the output power Pi. This high-frequency sampling method ensures that the acquired data accurately reflects the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0029] Step 202: Calculate power stability based on the output power fluctuation value sequence. The power stability is the percentage change of the output power per unit time.

[0030] Specifically, power stability is calculated based on the acquired output power fluctuation value sequence. The specific calculation method is as follows: within each sampling period, the power change rate of two adjacent sampling points is calculated as |(Pi+1-Pi) / Pi| × 100%, resulting in a power change rate sequence. The power change rate sequence is averaged to obtain the power stability index S, which reflects the degree of fluctuation in the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system. A smaller value indicates a more stable system operation.

[0031] Step 203: Calculate time continuity based on the power duration, where the time continuity is the duration during which the output power is maintained within a preset range.

[0032] Specifically, we analyze power duration and set the permissible power fluctuation range to ±5%. When the output power at a given moment deviates from the previous moment within this range, the power is considered to be in a continuous state. By summing the durations Ti of each continuous state, we obtain the temporal continuity index C, which reflects the photovoltaic power generation system's ability to maintain stable output. A longer duration indicates a more stable system.

[0033] Step 204: When the power stability is less than the first preset threshold and the time continuity is greater than the second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a stable operation area; when the power stability is greater than the first preset threshold or the time continuity is less than the second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a fluctuating operation area.

[0034] Specifically, the first preset threshold for power stability is set at 15%, and the second preset threshold for time continuity is set at 2 hours. For each operating region of the photovoltaic power generation system, if its power stability S is less than 15% and its time continuity C is greater than 2 hours, the region is classified as a stable operating region; if S is greater than 15% or C is less than 2 hours, the region is classified as a fluctuating operating region. This dual-index regional classification method can comprehensively evaluate the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system and provide a basis for the formulation of subsequent control strategies.

[0035] Step 30: Determine basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operation area, and determine dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operation area.

[0036] In this embodiment of the present application, the first output power refers to the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system in a stable operation area.

[0037] Basic operating parameters refer to the basic operating characteristic parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including system input power, electrolyzer voltage, electrolyzer current, hydrogen production, system efficiency and other parameters. These parameters reflect the operating status and performance characteristics of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system under different working conditions.

[0038] The second output power refers to the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system in the fluctuating operation area. The power characteristics are large fluctuations and frequent changes, and it is difficult to maintain a fixed level.

[0039] The dynamic adjustment parameters refer to a set of control parameters set to adapt to the changes in the second output power in the fluctuating operation area, including but not limited to the electrolysis voltage adjustment range and the electrolysis current adjustment step size.

[0040] Specifically, the average output power of each time period in the stable operation area for the past three days is calculated, and the overall average value of these time periods is used as the first output power; at the same time, the average output power and its fluctuation range of each time period in the fluctuating operation area are calculated as the second output power. Based on the first output power, the controller sets the basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system: when the first output power is within the range of 85%-95% of the rated power, the electrolyzer operating voltage is set to 2.1V, the electrolysis current density is set to 0.5A / cm², and the electrolyte concentration is maintained at 30%. Based on the second output power, the controller sets the dynamic adjustment parameters: when the fluctuation amplitude of the second output power exceeds 10%, the power response time is set to 30 seconds, the current adjustment step is set to 0.05A / cm², and the hydrogen production pressure adjustment range is set to ±0.2MPa. This parameter configuration scheme based on the output power characteristics of different regions can improve the overall operating efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0041] Based on the above embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the step of determining the basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operation area may further include the following steps: Step 3011: Obtain a first output power in a stable operation region, and determine an electrolysis voltage setting value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to a ratio of the first output power to the rated power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0042] Specifically, the average output power of the last three days in each time period within the stable operation area is calculated, and the overall average value of these time periods is used as the first output power. If the rated power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is 1000kW and the first output power is 850kW, the power ratio is 0.85. The controller determines the electrolysis voltage setting value based on the power ratio: for example, when the power ratio is between 0.8-0.9, the electrolysis voltage setting value is 2.1V; when the power ratio is between 0.9-1.0, the electrolysis voltage setting value is 2.2V. This electrolysis voltage setting method based on power ratio can enable the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to maintain a higher electrolysis efficiency at different power levels.

[0043] Step 3012: Determine the electrolysis current reference value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the electrolysis voltage set value.

[0044] Specifically, the controller obtains the electrolytic cell's volt-ampere characteristic curve under the current electrolyte temperature and concentration conditions. For example, at an electrolyte temperature of 75°C and a concentration of 30%, if the electrolysis voltage is set to 2.1V, the corresponding current density is 0.5A / cm² according to the volt-ampere characteristic curve. The controller then multiplies the current density by the effective area of ​​the electrolytic cell to obtain the electrolysis current baseline value. For example, if the electrolytic cell's effective area is 10,000cm², the electrolysis current baseline value is 5,000A.

[0045] Step 3013: Taking the electrolysis voltage setting value and the electrolysis current reference value as basic operating parameters.

[0046] Specifically, the electrolysis voltage set value is written into the parameter table of the power controller as the given value for the voltage closed-loop control; the electrolysis current reference value is then written into the parameter table of the current controller as the reference value for the current limit control. For example, when the electrolysis voltage set value is 2.1V and the electrolysis current reference value is 5000A, the controller writes these two parameters to the corresponding controllers via the communication interface. At the same time, the controller establishes a parameter monitoring mechanism. When the deviation between the actual operating parameters and the basic operating parameters exceeds ±3%, the parameter correction process is triggered.

[0047] Based on the above embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the step of determining the dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operation area may further include the following steps: Step 3021: Obtain the second output power in the fluctuating operation area, and calculate the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation period of the second output power.

[0048] Specifically, the output power data for each period of the fluctuating operation area over the past three days is collected, and the average output power is calculated with a statistical cycle of 10 minutes. The power average of these periods is used as the second output power. The controller then calculates the fluctuation characteristics based on the second output power: the fluctuation amplitude is calculated using a sliding time window method, with a 30-minute window, and the difference between the maximum and minimum power values ​​within the window is calculated divided by the average power value; the fluctuation period is calculated using the zero-crossing detection method, and the time interval between two consecutive crossings of the power fluctuation curve through the average value is counted.

[0049] Step 3022: Determine the electrolysis voltage adjustment range of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the fluctuation amplitude.

[0050] Specifically, a segmented adaptive method is used to determine the electrolysis voltage regulation range. Based on the magnitude of the fluctuation amplitude, the controller divides the regulation range into three intervals: low fluctuation range (fluctuation amplitude <20%), medium fluctuation range (20%-40%), and high fluctuation range (>40%). These correspond to regulation ranges of ±5%, ±10%, and ±15% of the reference voltage, respectively. Simultaneously, the controller adjusts the regulation range based on the electrolytic cell's temperature to ensure that the cell operates within a safe operating range.

[0051] Step 3023: Determine the electrolysis current adjustment step of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the fluctuation period.

[0052] Specifically, depending on the length of the fluctuation period, the controller divides the adjustment step size into a fast response mode (period < 1 minute), a normal response mode (1-3 minutes), and a slow response mode (> 3 minutes), each using a different baseline adjustment step size. The controller also incorporates a temperature compensation mechanism to dynamically adjust the adjustment step size based on the real-time temperature of the electrolyzer. This multi-mode adjustment step size configuration method enables smooth and controllable regulation of the electrolysis current.

[0053] Step 3024: Using the electrolysis voltage adjustment range and the electrolysis current adjustment step as dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0054] Specifically, a dynamic parameter area is set up in the system parameter table to store the voltage adjustment range and current adjustment step size. A 10-second fast response channel and a 1-minute parameter update channel are also established. The fast response channel is used to call dynamic parameters in real time for power tracking, while the parameter update channel is used to periodically recalculate and update dynamic parameters.

[0055] Step 40: Calculate the energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data. When the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state, determine the key parameters that affect the energy conversion efficiency.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, the energy conversion efficiency refers to the efficiency value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system in converting the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic power generation system into hydrogen energy.

[0057] The target efficiency refers to the energy conversion efficiency that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is expected to achieve under current operating conditions.

[0058] Key parameters refer to the core operating parameters that directly affect the energy conversion efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, mainly including electrolysis voltage, electrolysis current density, electrolyte temperature, electrolyte concentration and system pressure.

[0059] Specifically, the system obtains operating data from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including parameters such as input voltage, input current, electrolyzer temperature, electrolyte concentration, system pressure, and hydrogen production flow rate. Based on this data, the system's actual energy conversion efficiency, η, is calculated using the formula: η = (hydrogen production × lower heating value of hydrogen) / (input voltage × input current × operating time). The lower heating value of hydrogen is 242 kJ / mol. The system also selects a target efficiency, ηt, based on the current operating state (stable or fluctuating). For example, the target efficiency is 75% in the stable operating state and 70% in the fluctuating operating state. If η < ηt, the controller initiates a key parameter identification program. Using multivariate correlation analysis, the controller determines key parameters by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, ρ, between each operating parameter and the energy conversion efficiency. Specifically, for parameter x, the correlation coefficient is calculated as: ρ = cov(x,η) / [σ(x) × σ(η)], where cov represents the covariance and σ represents the standard deviation. When |ρ|>0.8, this parameter is determined as the key parameter.

[0060] Based on the above embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the step of calculating the energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data and determining the key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state may further include the following steps: Step 401: Obtain input power and hydrogen production from operating data, and calculate energy conversion efficiency based on the input power and hydrogen production.

[0061] Specifically, the operating data is acquired in real time through the power acquisition unit and the hydrogen flow meter, and the sampling period is 100ms. Among them, the input power P is calculated by measuring the input voltage U and the current I: P = U × I; the hydrogen production Q is directly measured by the hydrogen flow meter and the unit is Nm³ / h. The controller calculates the energy conversion efficiency η based on the principle of thermodynamics. The specific calculation method is: η = (Q × HLV) / (P × t), where HLV is the lower heating value of hydrogen 242kJ / mol, and t is the statistical time period, usually 1 hour. For example, when the input power is 1000kW and the hydrogen production is 200Nm³ / h, the calculated energy conversion efficiency is approximately 70%. This method can accurately reflect the energy conversion performance of the system through real-time data acquisition and efficiency calculation. Step 402: When the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state, extract the electrolysis parameters in the operating data, and determine the electrolysis parameters that deviate from the preset range as key parameters. The electrolysis parameters include at least electrolysis temperature, electrolysis pressure and electrolyte concentration.

[0062] Specifically, when the controller detects that the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency (for example, the target efficiency in the stable operation area is 75%, and the target efficiency in the fluctuating operation area is 70%), the electrolysis parameters are immediately extracted from the operating data. Specifically, the electrolysis temperature T is obtained through the temperature sensor, the electrolysis pressure P is obtained through the pressure sensor, and the electrolyte concentration C is obtained through the concentration meter. These parameters are compared with the preset normal operating range: the preset range of the electrolysis temperature is 65℃±5℃, the preset range of the electrolysis pressure is 3.0MPa±0.2MPa, and the preset range of the electrolyte concentration is 30%±2%. When a parameter exceeds the preset range, the system marks it as a critical parameter. For example, when the electrolysis temperature is detected to have risen to 75℃, exceeding the preset upper limit, the system identifies the electrolysis temperature as a critical parameter. This method based on parameter range comparison can quickly identify abnormal parameters and provide a clear direction for system optimization.

[0063] Step 50: Generate a target control strategy based on the key parameters, and control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the target control strategy. The target control strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0064] Specifically, the controller uses a fuzzy control method to generate a target control strategy. The target control strategy refers to a set of coordinated adjustment schemes formulated based on the identified key parameters, which are used to simultaneously adjust the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to optimize and improve the system efficiency. The controller first establishes a fuzzy rule base for key parameters and operating parameters. For example, when the electrolyte concentration is high, the electrolysis current baseline value is increased to speed up the electrolyte consumption, while the electrolysis voltage adjustment range is expanded to maintain the hydrogen production efficiency. Based on the degree of deviation of the key parameters, the controller determines the adjustment amount of the basic operating parameters and dynamic adjustment parameters according to the fuzzy rules, and gradually realizes parameter optimization using a gradient adjustment method. This coordinated adjustment strategy based on fuzzy control can achieve smooth adjustment of system parameters and avoid drastic fluctuations during the parameter adjustment process.

[0065] Based on the above embodiment, as another optional embodiment, the step of generating a target control strategy according to key parameters may further include the following steps: Step 501: Divide the control levels based on the degree of deviation of the key parameters, the control levels including the first level and the second level, and the first level is smaller than the second level.

[0066] Specifically, the percentage deviation of the key parameter from the median of its preset range is calculated. For example, if the preset range is 65°C to 85°C, the median is 75°C, and the current temperature is 62°C, the percentage deviation is (75-62) / 75 = 17.3%. The controller then classifies the control level based on the deviation percentage: when the deviation percentage is less than 15%, it is classified as Level 1; when the deviation percentage is greater than or equal to 15%, it is classified as Level 2.

[0067] Step 502: When the key parameter is at the first level, the basic operating parameter is adjusted according to a preset step size to obtain a first control strategy.

[0068] Specifically, when the key parameter is at the first level, the controller uses a single parameter adjustment method to generate a first control strategy. The corresponding preset step size is selected to adjust the basic operating parameters according to the type of key parameter. For example, when the electrolysis temperature is at the first level, which is relatively low, the controller gradually increases the electrolysis voltage set value in steps of 0.1V; when the electrolysis pressure is at the first level, which is relatively high, the controller gradually reduces the electrolysis current baseline value in steps of 0.2A / cm². This gentle adjustment method based on a preset step size can gradually return the key parameters to the normal range without affecting the stability of the system.

[0069] Step 503: When the key parameters are at the second level, the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters are coordinated to obtain a second control strategy.

[0070] Specifically, when the key parameter is at the second level, the controller uses a multi-parameter coordinated adjustment method to generate a second control strategy. First, the adjustment coefficient is determined based on the deviation value of the key parameter, and the percentage deviation between the key parameter and the median of the preset range is calculated. The deviation percentage is mapped to the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient. For example, when the electrolysis temperature is 90°C, which exceeds the upper limit of the preset range of 85°C, the deviation value is 5°C and the deviation percentage is 6.67%. In this case, the first adjustment coefficient is set to 0.9 and the second adjustment coefficient is set to 0.8.

[0071] Subsequently, the basic operating parameters are corrected based on the first adjustment coefficient, and the electrolysis voltage set value and the electrolysis current reference value are multiplied by the first adjustment coefficient to obtain the target basic operating parameters. For example, when the original electrolysis voltage set value is 2.1V, the target electrolysis voltage set value is corrected to 1.89V; when the original electrolysis current reference value is 1000A, the target electrolysis current reference value is corrected to 900A. Next, the target dynamic adjustment parameters are determined based on the target basic operating parameters and the second adjustment coefficient. The controller multiplies the original voltage adjustment range and current adjustment step size by the second adjustment coefficient, and corrects them according to the changes in the target basic operating parameters to obtain the target dynamic adjustment parameters. For example, when the original voltage adjustment range is ±5%, the target voltage adjustment range is corrected to ±4%; when the original current adjustment step size is 0.1A / cm², the target current adjustment step size is corrected to 0.08A / cm². Finally, the target basic operating parameters and the target dynamic adjustment parameters are integrated into the second control strategy to form a complete parameter control scheme. This collaborative control method based on adjustment coefficients can achieve rapid and smooth adjustment of system parameters, effectively improving the control effect of the system when the parameters are severely deviated.

[0072] Step 504: Use the first control strategy or the second control strategy as the target control strategy.

[0073] Specifically, the controller selects a corresponding control strategy as the target control strategy based on the control level of the key parameter. When the key parameter is at the first level, the controller sets the first control strategy as the target control strategy, using a gentle adjustment method; when the key parameter is at the second level, the controller sets the second control strategy as the target control strategy, using a fast adjustment method.

[0074] See Figure 2 , is a module schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation-based hydrogen production control system provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the system includes: A data acquisition module is used to obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; a region division module, configured to divide the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region based on the power generation characteristic data; an operating parameter determination module, configured to determine basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operating region, and to determine dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operating region; a key parameter determination module, configured to calculate an energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determine a key parameter affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to a current operating state; A control and regulation module is used to generate a target regulation strategy based on the key parameters, and control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the target regulation strategy, wherein the target regulation strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0075] Optionally, the region division module is further configured to obtain an output power fluctuation value sequence and a power duration in the power generation characteristic data; Calculating power stability based on the output power fluctuation value sequence, wherein the power stability is the percentage change of the output power per unit time; Calculating time continuity based on the power duration, where the time continuity is the duration during which the output power is maintained within a preset range; When the power stability is less than a first preset threshold and the time continuity is greater than a second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a stable operation area; when the power stability is greater than the first preset threshold or the time continuity is less than the second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a fluctuating operation area.

[0076] Optionally, the operating parameter determination module is further configured to obtain a first output power in the stable operating region, and determine an electrolysis voltage setting value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to a ratio of the first output power to a rated power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Determining an electrolysis current reference value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the electrolysis voltage set value; The electrolysis voltage setting value and the electrolysis current reference value are used as the basic operating parameters.

[0077] Optionally, the operating parameter determination module is further configured to obtain a second output power in the fluctuating operating area, and calculate a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation period of the second output power; Determining an electrolysis voltage adjustment range of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the fluctuation amplitude; determining an electrolysis current adjustment step length of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the fluctuation period; The electrolysis voltage adjustment range and the electrolysis current adjustment step are used as the dynamic adjustment parameters.

[0078] Optionally, the key parameter determination module is further configured to obtain input power and hydrogen production from the operation data, and calculate energy conversion efficiency based on the input power and hydrogen production; When the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state, the electrolysis parameters in the operating data are extracted, and the electrolysis parameters that deviate from the preset range are determined as the key parameters, and the electrolysis parameters include at least electrolysis temperature, electrolysis pressure and electrolyte concentration.

[0079] Optionally, the control and regulation module is further configured to divide the control levels into control levels based on the degree of deviation of the key parameters, the control levels including a first level and a second level, the first level being smaller than the second level; When the key parameter is at the first level, adjusting the basic operating parameter according to a preset step size to obtain a first control strategy; When the key parameter is at the second level, collaboratively adjusting the basic operating parameter and the dynamic adjustment parameter to obtain a second control strategy; The first regulation strategy or the second regulation strategy is used as the target regulation strategy.

[0080] Optionally, the control and regulation module is further configured to determine, when the key parameter is at the second level, a first adjustment coefficient of the basic operating parameter and a second adjustment coefficient of the dynamic adjustment parameter according to the deviation value of the key parameter; Correcting the basic operating parameter based on the first adjustment coefficient to obtain a target basic operating parameter; determining a target dynamic adjustment parameter based on the target basic operating parameter and the second adjustment coefficient; The target basic operating parameters and the target dynamic adjustment parameters are integrated into the second control strategy.

[0081] It should be noted that the above embodiments provide systems that implement their functions using only the division of the above functional modules as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the system and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments are based on the same concept. The specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0082] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, which can store multiple instructions. The instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing a hydrogen production control method based on photovoltaic power generation in the above embodiment. The specific execution process can be found in the specific description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 3 The present application also discloses an electronic device. Figure 3 The electronic device 300 may include: at least one processor 301 , at least one network interface 304 , a user interface 303 , a memory 305 , and at least one communication bus 302 .

[0084] The communication bus 302 is used to implement the connection and communication between these components.

[0085] The user interface 303 may include a display screen (Display) and a camera (Camera). Optionally, the user interface 303 may also include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface.

[0086] The network interface 304 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface).

[0087] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores. Using various interfaces and circuits, the processor 301 connects to various components within the server. It executes instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in the memory 305, as well as accesses data stored in the memory 305, to perform various server functions and process data. Optionally, the processor 301 may be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: a digital signal processing (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA). The processor 301 may integrate one or a combination of a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem. The CPU primarily processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing content displayed on the display screen; and the modem handles wireless communications. It is understood that the modem may not be integrated into the processor 301 but implemented as a separate chip.

[0088] Among them, the memory 305 may include a random access memory (RAM) or a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory). Optionally, the memory 305 includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The memory 305 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 305 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 305 may also optionally be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor 301. Refer to Figure 3 , the memory 305 as a computer storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module and an application program of a hydrogen production control method based on photovoltaic power generation.

[0089] exist Figure 3 In the electronic device 300 shown, the user interface 303 is mainly used to provide an input interface for the user and obtain the data input by the user; and the processor 301 can be used to call an application program stored in the memory 305 for a hydrogen production control method based on photovoltaic power generation. When executed by one or more processors 301, the electronic device 300 executes one or more methods such as those in the above embodiments. It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that this application is not limited to the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for this application.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0091] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, such as the division of units, which is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some service interface, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0092] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0093] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0094] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the method of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media that can store program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0095] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, any equivalent variations and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the disclosure and the practical implications thereof.

[0096] This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not described herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are to be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Based on the power generation characteristic data, the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system is divided into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region; determining basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operation region, and determining dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operation region; calculating an energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determining key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to a current operating state; A target control strategy is generated according to the key parameters, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is controlled to operate according to the target control strategy, wherein the target control strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

2. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of dividing the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region based on the power generation characteristic data includes: Obtaining an output power fluctuation value sequence and a power duration in the power generation characteristic data; Calculating power stability based on the output power fluctuation value sequence, wherein the power stability is the percentage change of the output power per unit time; Calculating time continuity based on the power duration, where the time continuity is the duration during which the output power is maintained within a preset range; When the power stability is less than a first preset threshold and the time continuity is greater than a second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a stable operation area; when the power stability is greater than the first preset threshold or the time continuity is less than the second preset threshold, the corresponding power generation area is divided into a fluctuating operation area.

3. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operation region includes: obtaining a first output power in the stable operation region, and determining an electrolysis voltage setting value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to a ratio of the first output power to a rated power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; Determining an electrolysis current reference value of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the electrolysis voltage set value; The electrolysis voltage setting value and the electrolysis current reference value are used as the basic operating parameters.

4. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operation area includes: Obtaining a second output power in the fluctuating operation region, and calculating a fluctuation amplitude and a fluctuation period of the second output power; Determining an electrolysis voltage adjustment range of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system according to the fluctuation amplitude; determining an electrolysis current adjustment step length of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the fluctuation period; The electrolysis voltage adjustment range and the electrolysis current adjustment step are used as the dynamic adjustment parameters.

5. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating the energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determining key parameters affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state, includes: Obtaining input power and hydrogen production from the operating data, and calculating energy conversion efficiency based on the input power and the hydrogen production; When the energy conversion efficiency is lower than the target efficiency corresponding to the current operating state, the electrolysis parameters in the operating data are extracted, and the electrolysis parameters that deviate from the preset range are determined as the key parameters, and the electrolysis parameters include at least electrolysis temperature, electrolysis pressure and electrolyte concentration.

6. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Generating a target control strategy according to the key parameters includes: Dividing the control levels based on the degree of deviation of the key parameters, the control levels including a first level and a second level, the first level being smaller than the second level; When the key parameter is at the first level, adjusting the basic operating parameter according to a preset step size to obtain a first control strategy; When the key parameter is at the second level, the basic operating parameter and the dynamic adjustment parameter are adjusted in a coordinated manner to obtain a second control strategy; The first regulation strategy or the second regulation strategy is used as the target regulation strategy.

7. The method for controlling hydrogen production based on photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the key parameter is at the second level, the basic operating parameter and the dynamic adjustment parameter are coordinated to obtain a second control strategy, including: When the key parameter is at the second level, determining a first adjustment coefficient of the basic operating parameter and a second adjustment coefficient of the dynamic adjustment parameter according to a deviation value of the key parameter; Correcting the basic operating parameter based on the first adjustment coefficient to obtain a target basic operating parameter; determining a target dynamic adjustment parameter based on the target basic operating parameter and the second adjustment coefficient; The target basic operating parameters and the target dynamic adjustment parameters are integrated into the second control strategy.

8. A hydrogen production control system based on photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: The system comprises: A data acquisition module is used to obtain power generation characteristic data of the photovoltaic power generation system and operation data of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system; a region division module, configured to divide the operation region of the photovoltaic power generation system into a stable operation region and a fluctuating operation region based on the power generation characteristic data; an operating parameter determination module, configured to determine basic operating parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the first output power in the stable operating region, and to determine dynamic adjustment parameters of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system based on the second output power in the fluctuating operating region; a key parameter determination module, configured to calculate an energy conversion efficiency based on the operating data, and determine a key parameter affecting the energy conversion efficiency when the energy conversion efficiency is lower than a target efficiency corresponding to a current operating state; A control and regulation module is used to generate a target regulation strategy based on the key parameters, and control the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate according to the target regulation strategy, wherein the target regulation strategy is used to coordinately adjust the basic operating parameters and the dynamic adjustment parameters.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a processor, a memory, a user interface and a network interface, wherein the memory is used to store instructions, the user interface and the network interface are used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory so that the electronic device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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