First node, second node and method executed by first node and second node

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond 4G communication systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). The present disclosure provides a method performed by a first node in a communication system, comprising: receiving a second configuration signaling from a second node operating in a second frequency range, the second configuration signaling comprising frequency-related information for configuring measurements performed in a third frequency range, the second frequency range is different from the third frequency range, and performing measurement based on the frequency-related information; and determining a first frequency range of the first node based on the measurement result or based on a third configuration signaling received from the second node, wherein the third configuration signaling comprises second information used for determining the first frequency range of the first node, and the second information is determined based on the measurement result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method performed by a first node in a communication system, a method performed by a second node in the communication system, the first node, and the second node. Background Art

[0002] As wireless communications have evolved over generations, these technologies have primarily been developed for human-targeted services such as voice calls, multimedia services, and data services. With the commercialization of fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, the number of connected devices is expected to grow exponentially. These will increasingly be connected to communication networks. Examples of the Internet of Things (IoT) include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machinery, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to develop in various forms, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and holographic devices. Efforts are underway to develop improved 6G communication systems to provide a variety of services by connecting hundreds of billions of devices and things in the sixth-generation (6G) era. For these reasons, 6G communication systems are referred to as beyond-5G systems.

[0003] The 6G communication system, which is expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have a peak data rate of tera (1,000 gigabits) per second and a radio latency of less than 100 μsec, thus being 50 times the data rate of the 5G communication system and having 1 / 10 of its radio latency.

[0004] In order to achieve such high data rates and ultra-low latency, the implementation of 6G communication systems in the terahertz band (e.g., the 95 GHz to 3 THz band) has been considered. It is expected that since the path loss and atmospheric absorption in the terahertz band are more severe than those in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band introduced in 5G, technologies that can ensure the signal transmission distance (i.e., coverage) will become more critical. As the main technology to ensure coverage, it is necessary to develop radio frequency (RF) elements, antennas, new waveforms with better coverage than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), beamforming and massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), full dimensional multiple input multiple output (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and multi-antenna transmission technologies such as massive antennas. In addition, new technologies to improve signal coverage in the terahertz band have been discussed, such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligence surface (RIS).

[0005] In addition, in order to improve spectrum efficiency and overall network performance, the following technologies have been developed for 6G communication systems: full-duplex technology for enabling uplink and downlink transmissions to use the same frequency resources simultaneously; network technology that utilizes satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), etc. in an integrated manner; improved network structure to support mobile base stations, etc., and enable network operation optimization and automation, etc.; dynamic spectrum sharing technology with conflict avoidance based on spectrum usage prediction: using artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communications to improve overall network operations by utilizing AI from the design stage of developing 6G and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and next-generation distributed computing technology that overcomes the computing power limitations of user equipment (UE) through ultra-high performance communication and computing resources achievable on the network (such as mobile edge computing (MEC), cloud, etc.). In addition, attempts are continuing to strengthen connectivity between devices, optimize networks, promote the softwareization of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communications by designing new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, developing mechanisms for achieving a hardware-based secure environment and secure use of data, and developing technologies for maintaining privacy.

[0006] Research and development of 6G communication systems, including hyperconnectivity between people and machines (P2M) and machines and machines (M2M), are expected to bring about the next hyperconnected experience. Specifically, services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile holograms, and digital replicas are expected to be provided through 6G communication systems. Furthermore, services such as remote surgery for enhanced safety and reliability, industrial automation, and emergency response will be provided through 6G communication systems, enabling the technology to be applied in various fields such as industry, healthcare, automobiles, and home appliances. Summary of the Invention

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a first node in a communication system is provided, comprising: receiving second configuration signaling from a second node operating within a second frequency range, the second configuration signaling including frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed within a third frequency range, wherein the second frequency range is different from the third frequency range, and measurement is performed based on the frequency-related information; and determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the measurement result or the third configuration signaling received from the second node; wherein the third configuration signaling includes second information for determining the first frequency range of the first node, and wherein the second information is determined based on the measurement result.

[0008] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, the first frequency range of the first node includes at least one of the following: the operating frequency of at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, a band-stop filter, or a combination of the above filters.

[0009] According to the present disclosure, a method is provided for execution by a first node in a communication system, wherein the first node includes a frequency selection surface, a control module (e.g., a mobile terminal function entity NCR-MT of a network controlled repeater) and a signal transmission module (e.g., a forwarding function entity NCR-Fwd of a network controlled repeater), wherein the method is executed by the first node in the communication system by the control module included in the first node, and determining the first frequency range of the first node includes determining the first frequency range of the frequency selection surface included in the first node.

[0010] According to the method performed by the first node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the frequency selective surface, the control module and the signal transmission module are independent entities or different functions of the same entity.

[0011] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, the second configuration signaling also includes at least one of the following: for configuring the on or off state of performing measurements within the third frequency range; for configuring beam direction related information for performing measurements within the third frequency range; for configuring measurement time related information for performing measurements within the third frequency range; for configuring measurement period related information for performing measurements within the third frequency range; for configuring signal measurement related information for performing measurements within the third frequency range.

[0012] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and performed by the first node in the communication system, determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the measurement result includes: comparing the measurement result with a first threshold; determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the comparison result; wherein the first threshold is pre-set or included in the second configuration signaling.

[0013] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the comparison result includes: determining the interference frequency based on the comparison result; and determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the interference frequency.

[0014] According to the method performed by the first node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the interference frequency corresponds to a first frequency range of the first node.

[0015] According to the method provided by the present disclosure, which is performed by the first node in the communication system, the interference frequency refers to the interference frequency in which the signal forwarded by the first node causes interference to the fourth node (for example, user equipment, small base station, etc.) within a third frequency range (for example, within the frequency range of an adjacent operator, an adjacent base station, etc.).

[0016] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, the first information further includes at least one of the following: beam frequency or beam frequency indication information; beam direction information.

[0017] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and performed by the first node in the communication system, the sending of the first information to the second node includes: performing a first comparison on the measurement result with a first threshold; based on the result of the first comparison, performing a second comparison on the measurement result with a second threshold; based on the result of the second comparison, sending the first information to the second node, wherein the first threshold and / or the second threshold are pre-set or included in second configuration signaling.

[0018] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and performed by the first node in the communication system, the method further includes: receiving third configuration signaling from the second node, the third configuration signaling including second information for determining the first frequency range of the first node, wherein determining the first frequency range of the first node includes: determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the third configuration signaling.

[0019] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, the method further includes: receiving first configuration signaling from the second node, wherein the first configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: beam-related information; third information for determining the first frequency range of the first node.

[0020] According to the method performed by the first node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the method further includes: determining the first frequency range of the first node based on third information included in the received first configuration signaling.

[0021] According to the method performed by the first node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the determined first frequency range of the first node is an initial frequency range of the first node.

[0022] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the first node in the communication system, the beam-related information includes at least one of the following: beam direction indication information, beam mode indication information, beam polarization indication information, and beam quantity indication information.

[0023] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and performed by the first node in the communication system, the second information or the third information includes at least one of the following: information related to frequency resources of the first frequency range of the first node; information related to the beam power of the first node; indication information related to the frequency resources of the first frequency range of the first node; indication information related to the beam power of the first node.

[0024] According to the method performed by the first node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the second configuration signaling further includes frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed within a fourth frequency range.

[0025] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method performed by a second node in a communication system is provided, comprising: sending second configuration signaling to a first node, the second configuration signaling including frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed within a third frequency range; receiving first information from the first node, the first information including at least one of the following: beam frequency or beam frequency indication information, beam direction information, and measurement results of measurements performed within the third frequency range; and determining, based on the first information, information for determining a first frequency range for the first node.

[0026] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the second node in the communication system, wherein information for determining the first frequency range of the first node is determined based on the first information, the method includes: determining the signal power value received by the fourth node based on the first information, beam-related information used by the first node, and at least one of the physical location information of the first node and the fourth node; comparing the signal power value received by the fourth node with the interference threshold of the fourth node to determine the interference frequency; and determining the second information for determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the interference frequency.

[0027] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the second node in the communication system, the method further includes: sending a third configuration signaling to the first node, where the third configuration signaling includes the second information used to determine the first frequency range of the first node.

[0028] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and executed by the second node in the communication system, the method further includes: sending first configuration signaling to the first node, wherein the first configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: beam-related information; third information for determining the first frequency range of the first node.

[0029] According to the method provided by the present disclosure and performed by the second node in the communication system, the second information or the third information includes at least one of the following: information related to frequency resources of the first frequency range of the first node; information related to the beam power of the first node; indication information related to the frequency resources of the first frequency range of the first node; indication information related to the beam power of the first node.

[0030] According to the method performed by the second node in the communication system provided by the present disclosure, the second configuration signaling further includes frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed within a fourth frequency range.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a first node is provided, comprising: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals to and from the outside; and a controller configured to control the transceiver to execute the method executed by the first node.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a second node is provided, comprising: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals to and from the outside; and a controller configured to control the transceiver to execute the method executed by the second node.

[0033] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: an array antenna, comprising a drive control structure and a plurality of antenna units forming a plurality of antenna row arrays, wherein each antenna unit comprises a respective adjustment structure, and the adjustment structure determines the switching state of the antenna unit according to a control signal of the drive control structure, and at the same time, adjusts the resonant state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit without changing the switching state of the antenna unit.

[0034] Optionally, the adjustment structure includes a varactor diode.

[0035] Optionally, the multiple antenna units include a first antenna unit group and a second antenna unit group, wherein the first antenna unit group corresponds to a first polarization state, and the second antenna unit group corresponds to a second polarization state.

[0036] Optionally, the polarization states of adjacently arranged antenna row arrays are different, or the antenna row array includes a first antenna row array group and a second antenna row array group that are adjacently arranged, the antenna polarization states of each antenna row array in the first antenna row array group are the same, the antenna polarization states of each antenna row array in the second antenna row array group are the same, and the antenna polarization states of the first antenna row array group and the second antenna row array group are different.

[0037] Optionally, the drive control structure includes a first drive control structure and a second drive control structure, wherein the first drive control structure is connected to the first antenna unit group and is used to control the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group, and the second drive control structure is connected to the second antenna unit group and is used to control the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the second antenna unit group.

[0038] Optionally, the driving control structure includes a first output pin group and a second output pin group, wherein the first output pin group is connected to the first antenna unit group, and the second output pin group is connected to the second antenna unit group.

[0039] Optionally, the antenna structure also includes: a first power division structure and a first RF device module corresponding to the first antenna unit group; a second power division structure and a second RF device module corresponding to the second antenna unit group, wherein the first power division structure connects the first RF device module and the first antenna unit group, and the second power division structure connects the second RF device module and the second antenna unit group; wherein the first power division structure and the second power division structure are stacked.

[0040] Optionally, each antenna unit further includes a respective control structure, wherein the control structure is used to control whether the antenna unit operates in the first polarization state or the second polarization state, or the control structure is used to control whether the antenna unit in the corresponding polarization state operates.

[0041] Optionally, the control structure is the adjustment structure, shares the adjustment structure, or is a control structure different from the adjustment structure.

[0042] Optionally, the power division structure corresponding to the array antenna is implemented based on a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), and / or the feeding structure of the antenna unit is implemented by a leaky wave antenna based on the SIW.

[0043] Optionally, the antenna units satisfy at least one of the following: the lateral spacing between the antenna units is different from the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units; the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units is the same or different; the lateral spacing between the antenna units is less than half the wavelength of the transmission signal; the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units is greater than half the wavelength of the transmission signal.

[0044] Optionally, the multiple antenna units include a first antenna unit group and a second antenna unit group, wherein the first antenna unit group operates in a first frequency band and the second antenna unit group operates in a second frequency band, wherein the antenna units operating in different frequency bands are arranged adjacent to each other and / or have the same period.

[0045] Optionally, the period is determined based on the first frequency band or the second frequency band.

[0046] Optionally, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization or includes two single-polarized antenna structures; or, each antenna unit in one of the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, and each antenna unit in the other of the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group includes two single-polarized antenna structures.

[0047] Optionally, each antenna unit group in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group corresponds to two independent feeding structures.

[0048] Optionally, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group are arranged in different layers or the same layer.

[0049] Optionally, the adjustment structure in the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group and the drive control structure corresponding to the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group are implemented by a phased array chip, the number of output ports of the phased array chip is the same as the number of feed ports of the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group, and the number of the phased array chips is the same as the number of RF device modules connected to the phased array chip.

[0050] Optionally, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, each antenna unit in the second antenna unit group includes two single-polarization antenna structures, the feeding structure of the second antenna unit group is implemented with a substrate integrated waveguide SIW, and at least one hole constituting the waveguide is used as the feeding structure of the first antenna unit group.

[0051] Optionally, a metal wire structure is introduced into the SIW, and the metal wire structure is used to change or ensure a working mode or a signal transmission mode in the SIW.

[0052] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: the above-mentioned antenna structure; and a controller configured to generate a control signal for the antenna structure.

[0053] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by an electronic device is provided, wherein the method is used to generate a control signal for the above-mentioned antenna structure, and the method includes: determining the switching state of each antenna unit based on the target horizontal direction angle of the beam; for antenna units in the on state, determining the phase of each antenna unit based on the target vertical direction angle of the beam, and determining the resonant state of each antenna unit based on the phase of each antenna unit; generating the control signal based on the switching state of each antenna unit and the resonant state of each antenna unit.

[0054] Optionally, the control signal is generated based on the switching state of each antenna unit and the resonant state of each antenna unit, including: determining the voltage information corresponding to the array antenna based on the switching state of each antenna unit and the resonant state of each antenna unit, the voltage information including the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the array antenna; and generating the control signal based on the voltage information.

[0055] Optionally, determining the switch state of each antenna unit based on the target horizontal direction angle of the beam includes: determining the switch state based on the target horizontal direction angle of the beam, the lateral spacing between the antenna units, and the transmission signal frequency.

[0056] Optionally, determining the phase of each antenna unit based on the target vertical angle of the beam includes: determining the phase difference between two adjacent rows of antenna units based on the target vertical angle of the beam and the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units; and determining the phase of each antenna unit based on the phase difference.

[0057] Optionally, the phase difference is determined based on the target vertical angle of the beam and the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units, including: calculating the path difference of the transmission signal between two vertically adjacent rows of antenna units based on the target vertical angle and the longitudinal spacing, and determining the phase difference based on the path difference and the phase change of the transmission signal per unit length wave in the propagation direction.

[0058] Optionally, the voltage information corresponding to the array antenna is determined based on the switching state of each antenna unit and the resonant state of each antenna unit, including: for an antenna unit whose state is off, the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in the antenna unit is determined according to the transmission signal frequency, combined with the correspondence between the driving voltage of the adjustment structure and the resonant state of the antenna unit; for an antenna unit whose state is on, the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in the antenna unit is determined according to the transmission signal frequency and the phase of the antenna unit, combined with the correspondence between the driving voltage of the adjustment structure and the resonant state of the antenna unit.

[0059] Optionally, the value of the driving voltage is related to the vertical beam scanning accuracy of the array antenna. The smaller the value interval of the driving voltage is, the higher the vertical beam scanning accuracy is.

[0060] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided, on which a program for executing any of the above methods when executed by a computer is stored. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts:

[0062] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0063] Figure 2 An example base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0064] Figure 3 An example user device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0065] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating a signal transmission scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram shows how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0068] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0069] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a frequency selective surface according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0070] Figure 9A Another schematic diagram shows how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 9B Another schematic diagram shows how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0072] Figure 9C Another schematic diagram shows how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] Figure 10AAnother structural schematic diagram of the smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0074] Figure 10B Another structural schematic diagram of the smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0075] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0076] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0077] Figure 13 Another schematic diagram shows how the reflection coefficient of the smart antenna RIS varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 14 Another schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0079] Figure 15 Another schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0080] Figure 16 is a block diagram of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] Figure 17 A schematic block diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0082] Figure 18A and Figure 18B is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0083] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] 20A to 20C is a schematic diagram of an example of an array antenna having antenna elements with two polarization states.

[0085] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure including two independent power division networks and radio frequency device modules and an array antenna with two polarization states.

[0086] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram showing an array antenna including two driving control structures and antenna elements with two polarization states.

[0087] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram showing an array antenna including a driving control structure and antenna elements with two polarization states.

[0088] Figure 24 is a schematic diagram showing another example of an array antenna having antenna elements in two polarization states.

[0089] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram showing yet another example of an array antenna having antenna elements in two polarization states.

[0090] Figure 26 Schematic diagram showing a power division structure implemented by SIW.

[0091] Figure 27 Schematic diagram showing how to feed antenna elements in an antenna row array through a leaky wave antenna.

[0092] Figure 28 is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0093] Figure 29 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining codebook information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0094] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence curve between frequency and signal amplitude and phase.

[0095] Figure 31 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating calculation of a path difference between two adjacent antenna elements when a beam is transmitted.

[0096] Figure 32 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a dual-band, dual-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0097] Figure 33 Schematic diagram showing the feeding of antenna units in a dual-band, dual-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] Figure 34 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of antenna units in a dual-band, dual-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0099] Figure 35 Schematic diagram of the feeding structure of a dual-band, dual-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] Figure 36 is another schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the dual-band, dual-polarization antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0101] Before proceeding to the following specific embodiments, it may be advantageous to set forth the definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout the patent document. The term "connect" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, regardless of whether those elements are in physical contact with each other. The terms "send," "receive," and "communicate," and their derivatives encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "include," "comprise," and "includes," and their derivatives, mean to include without limitation. The term "or" is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase "associated with," and its derivatives, means to include, be included within, be interconnected with, include, be included within, be connected to or connected with, be coupled to or coupled with, communicate with, collaborate with, be interwoven, juxtaposed, be close to, be bound to or bound with, have, have an attribute of, have a relationship to ... or have a relationship to ... etc. The term "controller" means any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller can be implemented in hardware or in a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller, whether local or remote, can be centralized or distributed. The phrase "at least one of" when used with a list of items means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items can be used, and only one item in the list may be required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and only A, only B, and only C. Similarly, the term "set" means one or more. Thus, a set of items can be a single item or a set of two or more items.

[0102] Moreover, the various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed by a computer-readable program code and embodied in a computer-readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, processes, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof that are suitable for implementation in a suitable computer-readable program code. The phrase "computer-readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer-readable medium" includes any type of medium that can be accessed by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard drive, compact disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. "Non-transitory" computer-readable media excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit instantaneous electrical or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable media include media in which data can be permanently stored and media in which data can be stored and later rewritten, such as rewritable optical discs or erasable memory devices.

[0103] Definitions for certain other words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those skilled in the art should understand that in many, if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior, as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0104] The figures and various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure are included herein for illustration only and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the principles of the present disclosure can be implemented in any appropriately arranged wireless communication system.

[0105] The following figures describe various embodiments of the present disclosure implemented in a wireless communication system. The description of the following figures is not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which the various embodiments may be implemented. The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any appropriately arranged communication system.

[0106] Figure 1 An example wireless network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiment of the wireless network shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0107] like Figure 1As shown, the wireless network includes base stations (next generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0108] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 for a plurality of first user equipment (UEs) within gNB 102's coverage area 120. The plurality of first UEs include UE 111, which may be located at a small business (SB); UE 112, which may be located at an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located at a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located at a first residence (R1); UE 115, which may be located at a second residence (R2); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M) such as a cellular phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 for a plurality of second UEs within gNB 103's coverage area 125. The plurality of second UEs include UE 115 and UE 116, as well as subscriber stations (SS, e.g., UEs) 117, 118, and 119. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and UEs 111-116 using existing wireless communication technologies, and one or more of UEs 111-119 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., UEs 117-119) using other existing or proposed wireless communication technologies.

[0109] Depending on the type of network, the term "base station" or "BS" may refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as a transmit point (TP), a transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced (or "evolved") base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a macro cell, a femto cell, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access point (AP), or other wireless-capable device. A base station may provide wireless access according to one or more wireless communication protocols, such as 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For convenience, various names of base station-type devices and functions are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" (UE) may refer to any component such as a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station (SS), a remote terminal, a wireless terminal, a reception point, or a user device, etc. For convenience, various names of user equipment type devices and functions are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to a remote wireless device that wirelessly accesses a BS, regardless of whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or a device that is generally considered to be a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or a vending machine).

[0110] Dashed lines illustrate the approximate extents of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as generally circular for purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with a gNB, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the wireless environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0111] As described in more detail below, one or more of UEs 111-119 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 include circuitry, programming, or a combination thereof.

[0112] although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network is shown, but Figure 1Various changes may be made. For example, wireless network 100 may include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Moreover, gNB 101 may communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 may communicate directly with network 130 and provide the UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. In addition, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 may provide access to other or additional external networks, such as an external telephone network or other types of data networks.

[0113] Figure 2 An example base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The embodiment of the gNB 102 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only, and Figure 1 gNBs 101 and 103 may have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs appear in a variety of configurations, and Figure 2 The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of a gNB.

[0114] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 200 a - 200 n, multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers 201 a - 201 n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 203, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 204. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 205, memory 206, and a backhaul or network interface (IF) 207.

[0115] RF transceivers 201a-201n receive incoming RF signals from antennas 200a-200n, such as signals transmitted by UEs in network 100. RF transceivers 201a-201n downconvert the incoming RF signals to generate intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to RX processing circuitry 204, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. RX processing circuitry 204 sends the processed baseband signals to controller / processor 205 for further processing.

[0116] The TX processing circuitry 203 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 205. The TX processing circuitry 203 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 203 and up-convert the baseband or IF signals into RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 201a-201n.

[0117] The controller / processor 205 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 205 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceivers 201a-201n, the RX processing circuitry 204, and the TX processing circuitry 203 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 205 may also support additional functionality, such as more advanced wireless communication functionality.

[0118] For example, the controller / processor 205 may support beamforming or directional routing operations, in which outgoing signals from the multiple antennas 200a-200n are weighted differently to effectively steer the outgoing signals in a desired direction. Any of a variety of other functions may be supported in the gNB 102 by the controller / processor 205.

[0119] The controller / processor 205 is also capable of executing programs and other processes, such as an operating system (OS), located in the memory 206. The controller / processor 205 can move data into or out of the memory 206 as needed to execute the processes.

[0120] The controller / processor 205 is also connected to a backhaul or network interface 207. The backhaul or network interface 207 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems over a backhaul connection or over a network. The interface 207 can support communication over any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one that supports 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 207 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs over a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 207 can allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or over a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). The interface 207 includes any suitable structure that supports communication over a wired or wireless connection, such as Ethernet or an RF transceiver.

[0121] Memory 206 is connected to controller / processor 205. A portion of memory 206 may include random access memory (RAM), and another portion of memory 206 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0122] although Figure 2 An example of gNB 102 is shown, but the Figure 2 For example, gNB 102 may include any number of Figure 2 As a specific example, the access point may include multiple interfaces 207, and the controller / processor 205 may support routing functionality to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, although shown as including a single instance of the TX processing circuitry 203 and a single instance of the RX processing circuitry 204, the gNB 102 may include multiple instances of each (such as one for each RF transceiver). For example, Figure 2 The various components in may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added according to specific needs.

[0123] Figure 3 An example user device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The embodiment of UE 116 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only, and Figure 1 UEs 111-115 and 117-119 may have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs may appear in a variety of configurations, and Figure 3 The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of the UE.

[0124] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG, UE 116 includes an antenna 301, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 302, a TX processing circuit 303, a microphone 304, and a receive (RX) processing circuit 305. UE 116 also includes a speaker 306, a controller or processor 307, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 308, an input device 309, a touch screen display 310, and a memory 311. The memory 311 includes an OS 312 and one or more applications 313.

[0125] RF transceiver 302 receives incoming RF signals from antenna 301, transmitted by a gNB of network 100. RF transceiver 302 downconverts the incoming RF signals to generate an IF or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 305, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 305 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 306 (such as for voice data) or processor 307 for further processing (such as for web browsing data).

[0126] The TX processing circuit 303 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 304 or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, email, or interactive video game data) from the processor 307. The TX processing circuit 303 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 302 receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 303 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 301.

[0127] The processor 307 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and executes the OS 312 stored in the memory 311 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 307 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver 302, the RX processing circuit 305, and the TX processing circuit 303 according to well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 307 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0128] Processor 307 is also capable of executing other processes and programs located in memory 311, such as processes for reporting CSI (Channel State Information) on uplink channels. Processor 307 can move data into or out of memory 311 as needed for the executed processes. In some embodiments, processor 307 is configured to execute application 313 based on OS 312 or in response to signals received from the gNB or operator. Processor 307 is also coupled to I / O interface 308, which provides UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptops and portable computers. I / O interface 308 is the communication path between these accessories and processor 307.

[0129] Processor 307 is also connected to touch screen display 310. A user of UE 116 may use touch screen display 310 to enter data into UE 116. Touch screen display 310 may be a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as from a website.

[0130] The memory 311 is connected to the processor 307. A portion of the memory 311 may include RAM, and another portion of the memory 311 may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0131] although Figure 3 An example of a UE 116 is shown, but the Figure 3 Make various changes. For example, Figure 3 The various components in the embodiment may be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components may be added as needed. As a specific example, the processor 307 may be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Furthermore, although Figure 3 The UE 116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE may be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0132] The rapid development of mobile communications technology has placed higher demands on network transmission speeds. While the advantages of high-frequency communications, such as large bandwidth and high speeds, are clearly being demonstrated during the deployment and development of 5G / 6G technologies, they also present challenges such as short transmission distances, high power consumption, and high costs, particularly in high-frequency bands like millimeter wave and THz. This has limited the widespread application of millimeter wave bands in mobile communications, and currently only a few countries offer services in these bands.

[0133] The signal transmission distance is inversely proportional to the operating frequency. For the same base station transmission power over the same distance, the higher the frequency band, the weaker the received signal strength. Materials like walls and trees attenuate signals at higher frequencies, leading to more signal blind spots. To ensure complete cell coverage of high-frequency signals, base station transmission power must be increased or base station density must be increased. However, this significantly increases equipment costs and energy consumption, becoming a major obstacle to the large-scale commercial application of millimeter waves in mobile communications.

[0134] In the present invention, the relay node is explained using RIS (Reconfigurable intelligent surface, RIS, also known as: smart antenna, smart reflector antenna, smart metasurface, etc.) as an example, but it is still applicable to other types of relay nodes, such as NCR (Network controlled repeater) and backhaul. As a nearly passive device (without high-power devices such as power amplifiers), RIS changes the electromagnetic parameters of the unit by adjusting the loading parameters to change the propagation direction of the beam. Its main source of power consumption is the power consumption of the loading parameter adjustment system (usually <2W), so it can be deployed over a large area as a low-cost, low-energy auxiliary device to provide multiple paths for signal transmission. The RIS antenna array can focus energy to narrow the beam width, increase signal gain, and can be used for long-distance transmission.

[0135] In addition to enhancing coverage and capacity, RIS can also provide virtual line-of-sight links, eliminate localized coverage holes, serve users at the cell edge, and mitigate co-channel interference between cells, thereby enabling an intelligent and reconfigurable wireless environment. RIS can be categorized by its mechanism of operation: transmissive, reflective, absorptive, and hybrid. These dynamically control wireless signals based on desired wireless functions, such as ensuring communication network security, reducing electromagnetic pollution, supporting the passive Internet of Things, enabling wireless energy transmission, and assisting in positioning and sensing.

[0136] Unlike repeaters in 5G communication systems, to meet the system's low power and low-cost requirements, RIS only retains signal forwarding functionality and related hardware, without signal reception and processing capabilities. Therefore, it cannot distinguish or filter out signals in non-operating frequency bands, and can only indiscriminately forward received signals within the operating frequency band. To ensure that the signal output power within the operator's frequency band is not affected by the gain drop at the edge of the operating frequency band, the RIS's operating bandwidth is usually designed to be larger than the operator's required operating bandwidth, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown in the figure. The curve in the figure shows the relationship between the reflection coefficient S11 of RIS and the frequency. This RIS serves operator 1. The reflection coefficient changes little within the operating frequency band of operator 1. The attenuation at the edge of the operating frequency band of RIS gradually increases, and the attenuation area is distributed in the adjacent operator frequency band. When operator 2 uses the frequency resources at the edge for communication (such as Figure 4 Operator 1's RIS also operates in this frequency band and cannot distinguish Operator 2's signal, causing interference to Operator 2.

[0137] See Figure 5 , Figure 5A schematic diagram illustrates a signal transmission scenario according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, a first base station (gNB1) serves operator 1, a second base station (gNB2) serves operator 2, and a relay node is a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and related components. The RIS is connected to the first base station and serves operator 1. The spectrum of operators 1 and 2 is adjacent but non-overlapping.

[0138] User UE1 of operator 1 communicates with gNB1 via RIS to bypass obstacles with high attenuation on the direct signal transmission path. At this time, gNB1 sends signal 1 to RIS. RIS, configured with a codebook by gNB1, adjusts the direction of signal 2 to serve UE1. At the same time, signal 3 sent by gNB2 of operator 2 reaches RIS, such as using frequency resources that overlap with the operating frequency of RIS (as shown above). Figure 4 Signal 3 is also received by the RIS and sent in a designated direction to obtain signal 4, causing interference to the terminal UE2 of operator 2.

[0139] If the interference beam transmission of the interfering base station gNB2 is restricted, or if the interfered terminal UE2 is configured to use other frequency resources, the base station coverage will be limited or cell resources will be wasted. If this interference problem is resolved by adjusting the RIS, because Operator 1 and Operator 2 cannot communicate, the RIS only receives configuration signaling from the connected base station gNB1. Therefore, information about the interfered terminal UE2 in Operator 2 cannot be fed back to the Operator 1 cell to which the RIS is connected.

[0140] The existence of such issues can cause concerns among operators about interference from RIS deployment, hindering its large-scale deployment and application. As communication frequencies increase, communication blind spots increase. To meet coverage requirements within a cell, the cell communication system to which the RIS belongs must be able to enhance its own operator's signal without causing interference to other operators.

[0141] It will be understood that the present invention is not limited to solving the above technical problems, which are merely examples. Any technical problems that can be solved by the present invention belong to the technical problems to be solved by the present invention.

[0142] As an example, in order to solve the problem of interference caused to other operators by signals forwarded by RIS, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a design method for a relay node (RIS) with out-of-band suppression capability. By introducing an adjustable frequency selective surface structure with out-of-band suppression function, the forwarding and enhancement of out-of-band interference signals is avoided, and the method is applicable to a communication system assisted by a relay node. Among them, the relevant nodes are base stations, relay nodes and terminals, and the number of them can be one or more. The base stations serve different operator frequency bands, each relay node serves the base station to which it is connected, and some terminals communicate with the base station through the beam forwarded by the relay node. According to the design method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the relay node is configured to perform signal reception and received power measurement at the frequency where the adjacent operator may be interfered with by the signal forwarded by the relay node, determine whether the relay node may forward the signal of other operators and cause interference, and perform adjustment of the out-of-band suppression frequency range of the relay node. This can effectively solve the interference with the frequency of adjacent operators, purify the transmission electromagnetic environment, and promote the large-scale deployment and application of RIS.

[0143] As an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method performed by a first node in a communication system (for example, the first node may be a relay node such as a RIS), comprising: receiving a second configuration signaling from a second node operating within a second frequency range (for example, the second node may be base station 1, i.e., operator 1), the second configuration signaling including frequency-related information for configuring a third frequency range (for example, a frequency range in which a third node (for example, the third node may be base station 2, i.e., operator 2, a neighboring operator, etc.) operates), wherein the second frequency range is different from the third frequency range, and the measurement is performed based on the frequency-related information; and determining the first frequency range of the first node based on the measurement result or based on the third configuration signaling received from the second node; wherein the third configuration signaling includes second information for determining the first frequency range of the first node, and wherein the second information is determined based on the measurement result.

[0144] Through the above method, based on the measurement results of the third frequency range of the third node (for example, the third node can be base station 2, that is, operator 2), the first frequency range of the first node is adjusted. The first frequency range of the first node (for example, the first node can be a relay node such as RIS) can be adjusted within a range that is larger than the second frequency range (for example, the frequency range of the base station BS1 to which the RIS is connected, that is, the frequency range of operator 1) and overlaps with the third frequency range (for example, the adjacent operator, adjacent BS2). This can effectively solve or improve interference with the adjacent operator's frequency, purify the transmission electromagnetic environment, and promote the large-scale deployment and application of RIS.

[0145] Below, refer to Figures 6 to 15The method of the embodiment of the present disclosure is described in detail.

[0146] The present invention introduces a frequency selective surface structure composed of periodic units with adjustable working frequencies and a filtering function into the design of RIS to control the radiation intensity of the beam of a specified frequency band after being forwarded, so as to reduce interference to adjacent frequency bands. In order to reduce the impact of the filtering function of this transition area on the communication frequency band signal of operator 1 (such as signal attenuation), the frequency selective surface is usually designed to operate in the operating frequency range shown in state 1. On this basis, in order to prevent the forwarding and enhancement of interference signals to adjacent operator 2, operator 1 needs to add dynamic monitoring and adjustment functions, and determine whether it is necessary to adjust the working frequency of this transition zone (such as adjusting to the illustrated state 2) and / or how to adjust this working frequency by receiving, measuring and calculating signals at possible interference signal frequencies. When RIS will not cause interference to operator 2 in the adjacent frequency band, in order to reduce the loss introduced by the frequency selective surface within the working bandwidth of operator 1, the frequency selective surface of RIS is adjusted to state 1; when RIS may cause interference to adjacent operators, the frequency selective surface of RIS is adjusted to state 2, increasing the attenuation of other operators' frequencies to ensure that it will not cause interference to terminals of other operators, as follows Figure 6 The frequency selective surface is implemented by receiving electromagnetic waves input from space and forwarding signals within a specified frequency band to the signal transmission module. This function filters signals of specific frequencies, forwarding only electromagnetic waves of the desired frequency and blocking the transmission of electromagnetic waves of unwanted frequency bands. It can be considered a filter that filters electromagnetic waves in space. This process results in a certain amount of energy loss, especially in the transition frequency region between the filter passband and stopband, where some signal can be transmitted (i.e., significant transmission loss).

[0147] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 As shown, in the present invention, RIS is mainly composed of an adjustable frequency selection surface 501, a control module 502 (for example, a mobile terminal function entity NCR-MT of a network control repeater) and a signal transmission module 503 (for example, a forwarding function entity NCR-Fwd of a network control repeater), and the components can be independent entities or different functions of the same entity. Among them, the frequency selection surface, the control module, and the signal transmission module operate at the same frequency, and the frequency includes the operator frequency (for example, operator 1) and the adjacent operator frequency (for example, operator 2) they serve. The control module receives configuration signaling for the frequency selection surface and the signal transmission module from the connected base station, and sends adjustment signals to the adjustable structures of the frequency selection surface and the signal transmission module respectively; after the electromagnetic waves in the space are received by the frequency selection surface ( Figure 7 The state of the frequency selective surface unit is adjusted according to the adjustment signal of the control module so that the beam of the specified frequency band (as shown above) Figure 6 State 2) can be output and sent to the signal transmission module; the signal transmission module receives the electromagnetic wave after the frequency selective surface filtering, and adjusts the unit state of the signal transmission module according to the control module, so that the output beam is sent in a specific direction to serve the communication between the base station and other nodes ( Figure 7 dotted line).

[0148] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the frequency selective surface according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The frequency selective surface 501 includes periodic resonant units and periodic adjustable structures, such as a two-dimensional rectangular array with a unit spacing of half a wavelength, and each period includes a group of resonant unit structures and one or more adjustable structures, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown. The periodic resonant unit can receive electromagnetic waves incident in space and forward electromagnetic waves of a specified frequency band to the signal transmission module. This frequency band information is related to the design of the resonant unit and the adjustment state of the adjustable structure. The adjustable structure receives adjustment information from the control module and performs adjustment of the operating frequency of the frequency selective surface, such as from Figure 6 State 1 is adjusted to state 2. The amplitude of the curve is the reflection coefficient, that is, the transmission loss introduced by the frequency selective surface. The larger the value, the smaller the loss. The adjustment information of the frequency selective surface by the control module can be calculated by the control module or obtained from the third configuration signaling sent by the base station. The number of optional adjustable states is related to factors such as the device material selection of the adjustable structure (e.g., PIN transistor, varactor diode, liquid crystal), the ratio of the adjustable structure to the number of resonant units (e.g., 1:1, 2:1), the combination state and design scheme of the adjustable structure and resonant units, and the control signal design that can be obtained by the adjustable structure (e.g., the minimum voltage step).

[0149] Optionally, from the frequency response characteristics of the frequency selective surface, the function of the frequency selective surface can be equivalent to a filter, and the specific type can be: high-pass filter ( Figure 9A As shown), low-pass filter ( Figure 9B As shown), bandpass filter ( Figure 9C For example, there is no operator with a lower operating frequency band in the cell adjacent to operator 1. At this time, the signal forwarded by the signal transmission module and the interference signal enhanced by the low-frequency extension forwarding of the operating frequency of the signal transmission module are different from the operating frequency of the adjacent operator, and will not cause interference to the adjacent operator or the possibility of causing interference is very small. At this time, the frequency response characteristics of the frequency selective surface are equivalent to the frequency response characteristics of the low-pass filter ( Figure 9AAs shown), that is, it is only necessary to design adjustable functions at higher frequencies in the working frequency band to reduce the complexity of the frequency selective surface periodic unit design and reduce hardware costs.

[0150] Optionally, the different adjustment states of the frequency selective surface can be realized by forming one or more independently adjustable sub-frequency selective surfaces, and the relationship between the working frequency band of the sub-frequency selective surface and the working frequency band of the base station to which it is connected can be higher than the working frequency band (such as Figure 9A Operator 2 as shown), or lower than the operating frequency band (such as Figure 9B 2 frequency bands of operators as shown), or a combination thereof (such as Figure 9C Operator 2 and Operator 3 frequency bands are shown). Figure 9C In the illustrated embodiment, in response to different high-frequency and / or low-frequency interference signals that may appear, it is necessary to design two sets of independent sub-frequency selection surface adjustment structures in each frequency selection surface to adjust the working states of the high-frequency and low-frequency frequency selection surfaces respectively, so as to achieve accurate management and adjustment of the interference signals in the frequency bands of operator 2 and operator 3.

[0151] Optionally, the number of frequency selective surfaces 501 can be one or more. For example, if the signal transmission module 503 can both transmit and transmit electromagnetic waves, that is, the receiving antenna and the output antenna of the signal transmission module can be different, then two sets of frequency selective surfaces 501 (below) are required. Figure 10A The frequency selective surface 1 and frequency selective surface 2 in the antenna are used to ensure that interference signals can be filtered out when the two antenna units are used independently. Figure 10A In the signal transmission module, there are two groups of antenna units on the upper and lower sides, which can radiate energy independently to the upper and lower sides. The upper frequency selective surface 1 serves the upper antenna unit of the signal transmission module, and the lower frequency selective surface 2 serves the lower antenna unit of the signal transmission module. If this signal transmission module works in reflection mode, Figure 10A In the figure, the incident wave on the upper side (shown by the solid line) reaches the frequency selective surface 1, is filtered and then transmitted to the signal transmission module, and is adjusted by the signal transmission module and then sent to a specific direction (shown by the dotted line) through the frequency selective surface 1. The interference signal suppression of adjacent operators in this embodiment is achieved by adjusting the state of the frequency selective surface 1; similarly, if the spatial input signal on the lower side reaches the structure, and this signal transmission module works in the reflection mode, the interference signal of adjacent operators can be suppressed by adjusting the state of the frequency selective surface 2; if this signal transmission module works in the transmission mode, Figure 10BIn the figure, the incident wave from the upper side (shown by the solid line) reaches the frequency selective surface 1, is filtered, and then transmitted to the signal transmission module. After being adjusted by the signal transmission module, it is sent to a specific direction (shown by the dotted line) through the frequency selective surface 2. The suppression of interference signals from adjacent operators in this embodiment can be achieved by adjusting the states of the frequency selective surface 1 and the frequency selective surface 2.

[0152] The control module 502, acting as a terminal entity, establishes a connection with a base station (e.g., gNB1) and receives configuration signaling sent by the base station. The configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: a first configuration signaling, a second configuration signaling, and a third configuration signaling. The first configuration signaling is information related to adjustments to the signal transmission module 502 of the RIS, such as codebook adjustment and spatial position adjustment; the second configuration signaling is information related to configuring the control module of the RIS to perform interference signal measurements on adjacent operator frequencies, such as the measured frequency and measurement time; and the third configuration signaling is information related to adjustments to the frequency selection surface 501, such as the operating frequency of the frequency selection surface. The control module of the RIS performs interference signal measurements on adjacent operator frequencies based on the second configuration signaling and reports first information containing the measurement results to the base station, which is used by the base station to calculate the third configuration signaling for controlling the state of the frequency selection surface to prevent the signal transmission module 502 of the RIS from receiving, forwarding, and enhancing the beams of adjacent operator cells, thereby causing interference to the adjacent operator cells. The first configuration signaling for the transmission status of the RIS signal transmission module may include at least one of the following: an output beam direction adjustment instruction, an output beam mode adjustment instruction (e.g., on / off, reflection, transmission, absorption), an output beam polarization adjustment instruction, and an output beam quantity adjustment instruction. The second configuration signaling for the adjacent operator frequency reception of the RIS control module may include at least one of the following: configuring the on / off status of adjacent operator frequency measurement, the frequency of adjacent operator frequency measurement, the direction of adjacent operator frequency measurement, the time of adjacent operator frequency measurement, the period of adjacent operator frequency measurement, the signal measurement content of adjacent operator frequency measurement (e.g., configuring whether to measure the signal peak value or signal average value of the adjacent operator frequency measurement), a state threshold for determining whether to adjust the frequency selective surface (FSS), and a comparison threshold for determining whether to feed back the measurement signal result to the base station. The third configuration signaling for adjusting the FSS may include at least one of the following: adjustment information for the FSS operating frequency, adjustment information for the signal amplitude of a specified operating frequency, indication information for adjusting the FSS operating frequency, and indication information for adjusting the signal amplitude of a specified operating frequency.

[0153] After successfully connecting to a base station, the control module 502 serves the base station and receives a first configuration signaling sent by the base station, generates a control signal for the signal transmission module, and sends it to a designated unit of the signal transmission module. When the control module 502 of the RIS receives a configuration signaling for starting measurement of a signal of an adjacent operator in a second configuration signaling sent by the base station (e.g., the measurement on / off state is configured as "on"), it performs signal reception and measurement of the adjacent operator's frequency, where the measured frequency is the same as the configured received frequency (e.g., the frequency adjustable range of the frequency selective surface is from the minimum to the maximum value within the operating frequency range of the operator), compares the measured data with a threshold configured by the base station, determines whether interference may occur, generates a control signal for adjusting the frequency selective surface, and sends it to the frequency selective surface module 501. Furthermore, it determines whether the test result data needs to be sent to the base station to confirm whether interference will occur, and generates a configuration signaling for adjusting the confirmed frequency selective surface. Among them, the adjacent operator frequency test result data ("first information") sent by the control module to the base station may specifically include at least one of the following: indication information of whether it is successfully received (such as confirmation / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK)), received measurement value (such as power information RP), received direction information (such as beam index (beamindex)), and received frequency information. The base station calculates the transmission path of the interference signal based on the information and determines whether interference may occur. If an interference signal is likely to occur, configuration signaling for the frequency selective surface is generated to reduce interference to the adjacent operator.

[0154] Optionally, in the second configuration signaling sent by the base station and received by the control module, the on / off state of configuring the neighboring operator frequency measurement may be implicitly indicated. For example, the control module performs the measurement only upon receiving the neighboring operator signal reception configuration signaling sent by the base station, i.e., performs the same process as when receiving the neighboring operator frequency measurement on state, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0155] Optionally, the control module may implicitly indicate the receipt of an indication (e.g., ACK / NACK) in the adjacent operator frequency test result data sent to the base station. For example, the control module may only feedback measurement information to the base station when an adjacent operator frequency signal is received and the signal strength is greater than a comparison threshold for whether to feedback the measurement signal result to the base station, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0156] Optionally, in the second configuration signaling received by the control module of the RIS, signaling related to the hardware design of the signal transmission module, such as: the frequency of the adjacent operator frequency measurement, the signal measurement content of the adjacent operator frequency measurement, the state threshold for determining whether to adjust the frequency selection surface, and the comparison threshold for determining whether to feed back the measurement signal result to the base station, can be stored in advance in the storage module of the control module 502 to reduce the signaling overhead of the communication between the base station and the control module and improve the signal transmission efficiency.

[0157] The signal transmission module 503 receives electromagnetic waves in space and, based on the configuration signaling from the control module, adjusts the electromagnetic parameters and forwards them in a specified direction. The signal transmission module can be composed of multiple units arranged periodically (e.g., in a two-dimensional distribution with an interval of λ / 2, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency). Each unit includes a radiation structure and a signal adjustment structure. By applying different physical conditions (such as voltage and temperature) to the signal adjustment structure of each unit, the state of the output beam after forwarding (beam direction, polarization, quantity, etc.) is adjusted.

[0158] Optionally, the signal adjustment structure of signal transmission module 503 and frequency selective surface 501 may have adjustment control signals generated by the control module based on base station configuration signaling and / or control module test results. The hardware used for receiving, processing, and calculating the control signals may be shared within control module 502 to reduce hardware cost and size. If the signal adjustment structure of signal transmission module 503 and the adjustable structure of frequency selective surface 501 utilize the same loading method, such as applying different voltages to adjust cell characteristics, the hardware for generating and transmitting the adjustment control signals may also be shared within the control module.

[0159] See below Figure 13 Describes an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 13 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0160] In the present invention, the RIS of operator 1 has the ability to suppress interference signals out of band. The control module of the RIS establishes a connection with the base station as a terminal and receives configuration signaling from the base station to which it is connected. To ensure that the signal forwarding and enhancement of the RIS does not cause interference to other operators, the base station gNB1 can configure the RIS to monitor and measure interference signals and determine whether to perform adjustments to the frequency selective surface. The process is as follows: Figure 11 shown.

[0161] Step 1: The base station sends a first configuration signaling to the control module of the RIS. This first configuration signaling is for adjusting the output beam of the signal transmission structure. The information included may include codebook information or codebook indication information used by the signal transmission structure. The adjusted beam form may include parameters such as beam direction, number of beams, beam gain, and beam polarization state. Adjusting the output beam state forwarded by the RIS through the first configuration signaling facilitates communication between the base station and the terminal, providing an additional path connecting the base station and the terminal.

[0162] Step 2: The base station sends a second configuration signaling to the control module of the RIS. The second configuration signaling is the adjacent operator frequency measurement related information configured by the base station for the RIS, including at least one of the following: measurement time related information (such as start time, duration, measurement cycle, number of measurements, etc.), measurement on / off status, measurement frequency, measurement direction (such as beamindex used for receiving antenna), measurement parameters (such as receiving power), and measurement result comparison threshold.

[0163] The time to start the measurement is determined by the start time (or timer) configured by the base station, and the length of the measurement time is determined according to the measurement duration information configured by the base station, or calculated based on parameters such as the number of measurements, measurement duration, and measurement time interval.

[0164] The time to stop measurement can be determined according to the stop test instruction sent by the base station to the control module, or when the signal transmission module codebook received by the control module changes, the signal measurement of the adjacent operator is stopped until a new second configuration signaling is received.

[0165] The control module's measurement values ​​of adjacent operator frequency band signals are configured by the base station, such as the total signal power received or the average signal power received within a certain measurement duration, that is, the total signal power received with a certain beam at a certain frequency, where the frequency and direction information used by the receiving beam can be obtained from the second configuration signaling configured by the base station.

[0166] The frequency information used for measurement can be sent in the form of the starting position of the frequency resource and the length of the resource used. There can be multiple frequency test points, and the sending method can be specific multiple resource information, or if the frequency information is in the same form (for example, using the same bandwidth), it can be sent in the form of starting frequency information and multiple information intervals to reduce the amount of data transmitted. The measured frequency is related to the design of the frequency selective surface 501. Generally, the frequency range measured by the control module is the same as the adjustable frequency range of the frequency selective surface, and the number of measured frequency points is related to the number of adjustable states of the frequency selective surface.

[0167] The beam information used for measurement is related to the control module's receiving antenna design. If the receiving antenna is omnidirectional or lacks beam scanning capabilities, beam information configuration is not required. If the receiving antenna is an array antenna, the base station must configure the control module with multiple beam IDs and the corresponding scanning sequence. During the measurement process, the control module can scan using different receiving frequencies and permutations of different receiving beams. The measurement direction is related to the beam scanning range of the RIS's signal transmission module, for example, the signal transmission module's normal horizontal and vertical scanning ranges are ±60°. The measurement direction interval is related to the receiving antenna design and beam width, and also requires consideration of factors such as the total reception time.

[0168] When the control module is configured for "periodic" measurement, it performs periodic measurements for a specified number of cycles, as determined by the base station. Alternatively, it performs periodic measurements until it receives measurement end configuration signaling, until it receives new signal transmission module configuration signaling, or until it receives new second configuration signaling. The control module measures neighboring carrier signals within the configured periodic time and, after the period ends, sends qualified measurement results to the base station.

[0169] The comparison threshold of the measurement result is used to compare and determine whether the interference signal received by the RIS will interfere with the communication of the adjacent operator 2. This value is related to the output signal gain of the signal transmission module and can be generated by the base station based on calculation, or a fixed empirical value obtained based on test data and stored on the base station side, or obtained by other node configuration. For example, the calculation method of the comparison threshold is as follows Figure 12 As shown, the RIS installation height h is known at the base station, and the RIS output beam gain is G. The estimated shortest transmission path L to the terminal (e.g., at a height of 1.5 m) can be calculated from the spatial position to obtain L = (h - 1.5) / cos θ. The RIS forwarded output beam angle θ is the RIS's maximum scanning angle (e.g., θ = 15° = 90° - 60° - 15°, where 60° is the RIS's maximum scanning angle and 15° is the RIS's installation tilt angle). By incorporating this into the path loss model, the loss PL_L for the shortest transmission path length L can be calculated. Assuming that the terminal's received interference power is greater than a certain value P_UE, which will cause interference (e.g., -90 dBm), the base station can calculate this result as a comparison threshold = P_UE - G + PL_L.

[0170] Step 3: The RIS control module receives the second configuration signaling from gNB1 and, based on the configuration signaling, performs measurements on the neighboring operator's frequency signals. Over a period of time, the control module receives beam measurement information on the neighboring operator's frequency signals at different frequencies and beam directions, obtains the measured values, and compares them with a comparison threshold. If the measured values ​​exceed the comparison threshold, the measured beam is determined to be potentially interfering. If the measured values ​​are less than the comparison threshold, the measured beam is determined to be non-interfering.

[0171] Step 4: If the measured value satisfies the relative relationship with the comparison threshold (e.g., greater than the comparison threshold), the control module sends the beam-related information that meets the threshold to the base station, i.e., the first information. The content of the first information includes at least one of the following: beam frequency or frequency indication information that meets the threshold condition, beam direction information (e.g., beam ID), and received measurement value information (e.g., power value). The measurement result sent by the control module can be the beam information for all measured values ​​greater than the reporting threshold, or the limit value of all frequencies whose measured values ​​are greater than the reporting threshold, or the range of all frequencies whose measured values ​​are greater than the reporting threshold. For example, the control module measures the beams within the range of operator 2, and the frequencies of the interference beams are all high-frequency signals, and the frequency selection surface has an adjustable stopband range within the frequency range of operator 2. At this time, the control module only needs to report the beam-related information with the lowest frequency in the measured interference beams. The base station adjusts the sideband position of the frequency selection surface to be lower than this frequency to avoid forwarding all interference signals within the range of operator 2, as follows Figure 13 shown.

[0172] Step 5: Based on the first information obtained, the base station calculates the power value of the measured adjacent operator's beam that accurately reaches the terminal to confirm whether it will be forwarded and cause interference. In some embodiments, the specific method is as follows: the output beam direction of this beam after forwarding by the RIS can be calculated using the beam direction information in the first information and the codebook information (first configuration signaling) used by the signal transmission module of the RIS. According to the actual direction of the output beam, the RIS and the height of the terminal, the actual transmission path loss and the actual power value received by the terminal can be calculated. The actual power value is compared with the interference threshold value of the terminal to confirm whether this beam will cause interference and the frequency adjustment state of the frequency selection surface required to resolve the interference. The interference threshold value can be obtained by empirical value or by estimating the communication demand of the terminal (e.g., 1 / 10 of the energy threshold value acceptable to the terminal), stored in the base station or obtained by configuration of other nodes.

[0173] Step 6: When the base station determines that the frequency selective surface needs to be adjusted, it sends a third configuration signaling to the control module of the RIS. The third configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: frequency adjustment signaling for the frequency selective surface and frequency adjustment indication signaling for the frequency selective surface. The adjustment signaling can contain multiple contents, each serving different adjustable structures and / or multiple frequency selective surfaces on the RIS, enabling independent adjustment of high and low frequencies, or independent adjustment of reflection and transmission modes.

[0174] The control module of the RIS receives the third configuration signaling and adjusts the operating frequency and / or operating bandwidth of the frequency selective surface according to the third configuration signaling to reduce signal forwarding of the RIS and enhance interference caused to other operators.

[0175] Optionally, when no new third configuration signaling is received, the frequency selective surface can continue to be adjusted using the control voltage corresponding to the last received configuration signaling. When the RIS first accesses a base station, the frequency selective surface uses a default initialization configuration signaling, which is configured by the base station or stored in the control module. For example, this initialization configuration signaling may correspond to the state of the frequency selective surface that minimizes signal attenuation for the operator.

[0176] Optionally, in some embodiments, after disconnecting from a base station, the RIS may continue to use the last configured codebook or a preset disconnected state codebook, and may also receive and forward signals in the receiving space, potentially causing interference. In this case, the RIS has no base station to serve and cannot receive measurement on / off configuration signaling from the base station. If the control module's power consumption for neighboring operator frequency measurement is low, the RIS can be configured to monitor and measure neighboring cell interference signals in real time. In this case, the base station does not need to send neighboring operator frequency measurement on / off state configuration signaling to the RIS control module, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of communications between the base station and the control module and ensuring that the RIS does not cause interference to neighboring operators when disconnected from a base station.

[0177] Optionally, to prevent the RIS from continuing to use the last configured codebook or the preset disconnected state codebook when disconnected from a base station, potentially causing interference to users in certain directions, the base station can configure the signal transmission module to adjust its transmission state after the RIS service terminal's communication service ends, switching the RIS to absorption mode. This means adjusting the input beam so that its energy in the outgoing direction cancels out (e.g., the two units have the same amplitude but a 180° phase difference), thus purifying the electromagnetic transmission environment.

[0178] Optionally, the control module may measure multiple frequencies of adjacent operators in a specified order, such as Figure 13In the embodiment, the measurements can be made in order from high frequency to low frequency. The control module sequentially measures the interference signal power at the frequencies and compares it with a threshold. If the threshold requirement is met, the measurement is stopped and a control signal for adjusting the frequency selection surface is generated based on the frequency. The measurement order can be reflected in the measurement frequency information in the second configuration signaling configured by the base station to the control module. For example, the frequency information configured by the base station can be sent in ascending order for multiple frequencies.

[0179] Optionally, because the test comparison threshold of the interference signal is related to the codebook used by the RIS, the first configuration signaling and the second configuration signaling may be sent simultaneously, or the first configuration signaling may be sent prior to the second configuration signaling.

[0180] See below Figure 14 Describes another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 14 , Figure 14 Another schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0181] In order to reduce the signaling overhead of communication between RIS and base stations, the determination of whether RIS will cause interference to the operating frequency of adjacent operators can be performed by the control module, and the control module directly generates the control signal for the frequency selective surface, as follows Figure 14 When the control module of the RIS measures an interference signal that meets the threshold requirement, it directly generates an adjustment signal for the frequency selective surface to prevent the forwarding and enhancement of the interference signal.

[0182] Different from the method described in the first embodiment, after performing the adjacent operator frequency measurement in step 3, the control module of the RIS does not need to report the measurement result to the base station, and the control signal of the frequency selective surface does not need to be obtained from the base station.

[0183] Step 4: The RIS control module measures the adjacent operator's frequency and obtains the power value of the interference signal at that frequency. It compares this power value with the measured value and a threshold. If the measured value is greater than or equal to the threshold, it determines that the interference signal may interfere with other operators. If the measured value is less than the threshold, it determines that the interference signal will not interfere with other operators. In other words, as long as the control module receives an adjacent operator signal that meets the comparison threshold, it directly determines that interference may occur. Based on the frequency of the interference signal, it determines the frequency selective surface operating frequency adjustment information required to filter out the interference signal at this frequency and directly sends it to the frequency selective surface to perform the operating frequency adjustment.

[0184] Optionally, the correspondence between the measured interference signal frequency that meets the threshold requirement and the adjustment information of the frequency selective surface performing the operating frequency is related to the design of the adjustable structure of the frequency selective surface and can be obtained by looking up a table, as shown in Table 1 below. Among them, the interference signal frequency is the frequency information or frequency indication information (such as the received interference signal power is greater than a specific threshold) at which the interference signal structure value measured by the control module meets the threshold requirement, and the frequency selective surface adjustment information is the information loaded on the adjustable structure that controls the operating frequency of the frequency selective surface (such as loaded voltage information or loaded voltage indication information).

[0185] Table 1

[0186] Interference signal frequency Frequency Selective Surface Tuning Information A1 B1 A2 B2 … …

[0187] In the method of this embodiment, the comparison threshold is a comparison threshold of a measurement result in the second configuration signaling configured by the base station. When the comparison threshold of this measurement result is the maximum power value of the RIS measured signal at the adjacent operator corresponding to the signal interference after the adjacent operator terminal is not forwarded, that is, the received signal reaches the terminal after being forwarded and enhanced by the RIS and transmitted along the shortest path and exceeds the noise threshold of the terminal, if the signal power value measured by the RIS control module exceeds the comparison threshold of this measurement result, it may cause interference to the adjacent operator terminal, and it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the frequency selective surface, that is, to increase the attenuation of this interference signal to reduce the power of the interference signal received by the adjacent operator terminal.

[0188] Based on the solution described in this embodiment, the RIS control module can directly calculate and generate control information for the frequency selective surface, reducing data transmission signaling overhead and response time, and improving interference signal shielding efficiency. Because the comparison threshold for the measurement results is the maximum interference signal power value that does not cause interference, this method is more effective in suppressing interference signals from adjacent operators.

[0189] See below Figure 15 Describes another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 15 , Figure 15 A schematic diagram of interaction between a base station and a smart antenna RIS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0190] In order to reduce the signaling overhead of multiple configuration signaling transmissions, the first configuration signaling of the first embodiment can be combined with the third configuration signaling, that is, the adjustment information related to the frequency selective surface is added to the first configuration signaling, as follows Figure 15Specifically, the first configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: codebook information, codebook indication information, frequency selective surface adjustment information, or frequency selective surface adjustment indication information. In this case, if the signal transmission module of the RIS and the adjustable structure drive mode of the frequency selective surface are the same (e.g., both are voltage controlled), the hardware related to signal reception and adjustable structure drive signal generation of the RIS control module can be shared, reducing hardware costs.

[0191] Unlike the method described in Example 1, the first configuration signaling received by the RIS control module in step 1 includes adjustment information for the frequency selective surface, eliminating the need to separately receive third configuration signaling. Therefore, in the first configuration signaling during initial connection, the configuration signaling for the frequency selective surface 501 and signal transmission module 502 must be designed separately.

[0192] When the base station sends the first configuration signaling to the RIS for the first time, or when the base station sends a new signal transmission module codebook of the RIS, the control module of the RIS does not perform the interference signal test of the adjacent operator in this state, and therefore cannot calculate the adjustment information of the frequency selective surface. At this time, the adjustment information of the frequency selective surface in the first configuration signaling can be the default state, such as the state of minimum signal attenuation for the current operator, such as Figure 6 As shown in state 1.

[0193] Optionally, to reduce the transmission signaling overhead of configuration signaling, if there is no need to adjust the operating frequency of the FSS, the base station may not send the relevant configuration signaling to the RIS in the first configuration signaling. That is, the control module maintains the operating frequency of the FSS at the default state, and only sends a FSS operating frequency adjustment signal to the FSS based on the contents of the first configuration signaling when receiving FSS adjustment information in the configuration signaling sent by the base station, thereby suppressing the forwarding of interference signals from adjacent operator frequencies.

[0194] Optionally, when the codebook of the transmission module of the RIS does not change, the content transmitted by the first configuration signaling may only include adjustment information of the frequency selective surface, wherein the adjustment information of the frequency selective surface is calculated based on the first information fed back by the control module of the RIS.

[0195] Optionally, the default state information may be a prediction result calculated by the base station based on the adjacent operator interference signal measurement results fed back by the RIS control module. For example, if an interference signal of a certain frequency of an adjacent operator is measured multiple times before switching the codebook of the signal transmission module, the default state may be set to suppress this interference signal.

[0196] Figure 16 is a block diagram of a relay device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0197] The network node in the network can be used to implement the first node in the present invention. Figure 16 , the network node according to the present invention includes a transceiver 510, a controller 520 and a memory 530. The network node according to the present invention may also include one or more frequency selective surfaces (e.g., filters, etc.). The transceiver 510, the controller 520 and the memory 530 are configured to perform the operations of the methods and / or embodiments of the present invention. Although the transceiver 510, the controller 520 and the memory 530 are shown as separate entities, they can be implemented as a single entity, such as a single chip. The transceiver 510, the controller 520 and the memory 530 can be electrically connected or coupled to each other. The transceiver 510 can send signals to other network nodes and receive signals from other network nodes. The controller 520 may include one or more processing units and can control the network node to perform operations and / or functions according to one of the above-mentioned embodiments. The memory 530 can store instructions for implementing the operations and / or functions of one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0198] Furthermore, in current base station antenna array beam scanning, to improve vertical beam scanning accuracy, specialized phase shifters are typically added before each antenna row array in the antenna structure to achieve an angled beam transmission vertically toward the target. However, this introduces additional transmission loss. Without phase shifters, only a limited vertical beam scanning angle can be achieved. When the vertical spacing between antenna elements is large (for example, greater than half a wavelength), vertical beam scanning accuracy deteriorates and sidelobe levels increase, making it difficult to improve vertical beam scanning accuracy without affecting the horizontal beam transmission angle toward the target.

[0199] To this end, the present disclosure proposes an antenna structure that can avoid the transmission loss caused by adding a phase shifter in the antenna structure, and can adjust the resonant state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit without changing the switching state of the antenna unit, thereby achieving the phase required for accurate longitudinal scanning without affecting the transmission of the beam to the target horizontal scanning angle, thereby improving the vertical scanning accuracy of the beam.

[0200] Figure 17 Schematic block diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 17According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna structure 700 may include an array antenna 710. The array antenna 710 may include a driving control structure 720 and a plurality of antenna units 730 forming a plurality of antenna row arrays, wherein each antenna unit includes a respective adjustment structure. The adjustment structure determines the switching state of the antenna unit according to a control signal of the driving control structure 720 to enable the beam to be transmitted toward a target horizontal direction angle. At the same time, the adjustment structure adjusts the resonant state of the antenna unit without changing the switching state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit to enable the beam to be transmitted toward a target vertical direction angle. The switching state of the antenna unit may indicate whether the antenna unit radiates or receives a signal. If the state of the antenna unit is on, it indicates that the antenna unit radiates or receives a signal. If the state of the antenna unit is off, it indicates that the antenna unit does not radiate or receive a signal. Whether the antenna unit radiates or receives a signal will affect the horizontal direction angle of the beam. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by including its own adjustment structure in each antenna unit in the array antenna, the transmission loss caused by adding a special phase shifter in the antenna structure to achieve the transmission of the beam at an angle vertical to the target can be avoided. Moreover, since the resonant state of the antenna unit is adjusted to determine the phase of the antenna unit to achieve the transmission of the beam at an angle vertical to the target without changing the switching state of the antenna unit, the vertical scanning accuracy of the beam can be improved without affecting the transmission of the beam at an angle horizontal to the target.

[0201] According to an embodiment, the adjustment structure may include a varactor, but is not limited thereto. By adjusting the capacitance of the varactor according to the driving voltage loaded to the varactor by the driving control structure, the resonant state of the antenna unit can be adjusted. The driving voltage loaded to the varactor by the driving control structure can be determined according to the control signal of the driving control structure. As an example, the control signal of the driving control structure may be codebook information, and the driving control structure may determine the driving voltage loaded to the varactor based on the codebook information. According to an embodiment, the resonant state may include a resonant frequency and / or a resonant impedance, wherein the phase of the antenna unit may be determined based on the resonant frequency and / or the resonant impedance. Although the adjustment structure is described as a varactor in the examples below, the adjustment structure is not limited to being a varactor, and accordingly, the resonant state is not limited to including the resonant frequency and / or the resonant impedance.

[0202] Optionally, the antenna structure may also include: a radio frequency device module, configured to process the signal and transmit it to the power division structure, or to process the signal from the power division structure; the power division structure connects the radio frequency device module and the array antenna, and is configured to divide the signal processed by the radio frequency device module into multiple signals and transmit them to each antenna row array of the array antenna, or to mix the signals received by each antenna row array of the array antenna and transmit them to the radio frequency device module.

[0203] Figure 18A and Figure 18B A schematic block diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0204] like Figure 18A As shown, the antenna structure 800 may include an array antenna 801, a power division structure 802 and a radio frequency device module 803. As an example, the radio frequency device module 803 may include a switch 8031, a power amplifier 8032, a low noise amplifier 8033, a filter 8034, a mixer 8035 and a digital-to-analog converter 8036. The switch 8031 ​​is used to switch between receiving and transmitting modes. The power amplifier 8032 is used for transmitting, and the low noise amplifier 8033 is used for receiving. When in the transmitting state, the input electromagnetic wave signal enters the radio frequency device module 803, and after the signal baseband precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, frequency modulation, filtering, amplification and other processing processes are performed, it enters the power division structure 802. The power division structure 802 can divide the processed signal into multiple signals according to a certain ratio (for example, equal ratio) and send them to different channels of the array antenna 801. Figure 18BThe antenna row array shown. Signals from each antenna row array input port arrive at each antenna element 8011 in the form of traveling waves. The corresponding adjustment structure 8012 included in the antenna element determines the on / off state of the antenna element based on the control voltage (i.e., the adjustment structure's drive voltage) output by the drive control structure for each antenna element to control whether the antenna element radiates the signal, thereby achieving beam emission toward the target horizontal angle. Simultaneously, the phase of the antenna element is determined by adjusting the antenna element's resonant state to achieve beam emission toward the target vertical angle. When in the receiving state, the corresponding adjustment structure included in the antenna element determines the on / off state of the antenna element based on the control voltage output by the drive control structure for each antenna element to control whether the antenna element receives the signal, thereby achieving beam emission toward the target horizontal angle. Simultaneously, the phase of the antenna element is determined by adjusting the antenna element's resonant state to achieve beam emission toward the target vertical angle. Electromagnetic signals transmitted in a specific direction are received by the antenna element and converted into electrical signals. After being mixed and superimposed by the power splitter structure, they are amplified, filtered, and frequency modulated, and then processed and analyzed. In the above example of the antenna structure according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the traditional phased array antenna is replaced by an array antenna, and the RF device modules corresponding to each antenna unit in the traditional antenna structure (for example, phase shifters, power amplifiers, low-noise amplifiers, integrated RF chips) are replaced by a small number of high-power RF device modules, thereby reducing the number of RF device modules and realizing a low-cost, low-power, and highly integrated antenna design; by feeding the row array of antenna units separately, the requirements for the processing technology are reduced, and the design complexity and hardware cost are reduced; by adjusting the resonant state through the adjustment structure, scanning in the vertical direction can be achieved, which can remove the restriction on the unit spacing in this direction, avoid the transmission loss introduced by the phase shifter, and improve the beam pointing accuracy of the longitudinal beam scanning.

[0205] According to the embodiment, Figure 19As shown, the array antenna 801 may include multiple antenna units 8011 (wherein the antenna unit 8011 may include an adjustment structure 8012), a drive control structure 8013, and a connection between the adjustment structure 8012 and the drive control structure. According to an embodiment, the adjustment structure 8012 may be implemented by a varactor diode. By controlling the driving voltage applied to the varactor diode, the capacitance of the varactor diode can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the resonant state of the antenna unit. In order to adjust the resonant state of the antenna unit without changing the switching state of the antenna unit, for example, the position of the resonance point can be fine-tuned by using the varactor diode 8012 to achieve phase adjustment within a range where the signal amplitude changes slightly. When the signal amplitude changes slightly, the switching state of the antenna unit will not change. Therefore, the longitudinal beam scanning function can be achieved by accurately adjusting the phase without changing the switching state of the antenna unit, replacing the traditional phase shifter component, so that the longitudinal scanning capability is not limited by the spacing between the array antenna units, while avoiding the additional transmission loss and power tolerance limit introduced by the phase shifter.

[0206] The driving control structure 8013 determines the driving voltage required for the adjustment structure based on the received control signal. The driving voltage is related to the design scheme of the antenna unit and the driving module. The driving voltage adjustment content includes the output direction of the array antenna 8011 beam, the beam width, the beam frequency, the polarization state of the beam, etc.

[0207] The antenna unit 8011 is used to receive or radiate signals. According to an embodiment, the antenna unit may satisfy at least one of the following: the lateral spacing between the antenna units is different from the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units; the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units is the same or different; the lateral spacing between the antenna units is less than half the wavelength of the transmission signal, such as 0.2λ; the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units is greater than half the wavelength of the transmission signal. For example, the lateral spacing and the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units are different, which can increase the flexibility of the design, adjust the unit spacing according to the actual beam scanning accuracy and beam width requirements, reduce hardware costs and power consumption, or increase the space of the unit design, which can be used for dual-polarization antenna design or unit adjustment structure drive routing. Optionally, the antenna unit may not satisfy any of the above items. For example, the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units may not be greater than half the wavelength of the transmission signal.

[0208] According to an embodiment, optionally, the multiple antenna units may include a first antenna unit group and a second antenna unit group, wherein the first antenna unit group corresponds to a first polarization state (e.g., 45° polarization), and the second antenna unit group corresponds to a second polarization state (e.g., -45° polarization). In other words, the same array antenna can have antenna unit designs with two polarization states, so that it can work independently in two polarization states at the same time. The graphics of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be mirror images, as shown below Figure 20A shown.

[0209] According to an embodiment, the polarization states of adjacently arranged antenna row arrays may be different, e.g. Figure 20B As shown, each antenna row array (i.e., each row of antenna elements) in the array antenna has the same polarization mode, and the polarization modes of two adjacent rows are different. The elements of the two polarizations are arranged vertically and staggered in the same plane. Figure 20C In the structure shown, the array antenna can operate independently in two polarization states simultaneously, the transmitted signals will not affect each other, and the transmission beam states can be adjusted independently.

[0210] In order to achieve its independent signal adjustment and transmission, two groups of independent power division networks and radio frequency device modules can be designed, which are used to transmit information of two polarization states respectively. According to an embodiment, the above antenna structure may also include: a first power division structure and a first radio frequency device module corresponding to the first antenna unit group; a second power division structure and a second radio frequency device module corresponding to the second antenna unit group, wherein the first power division structure connects the first radio frequency device module and the first antenna unit group, and the second power division structure connects the second radio frequency device module and the second antenna unit group. For example, as follows Figure 21 As shown, the first antenna unit group may include a first antenna row array and a third antenna row array, and the second antenna unit group may include a second antenna row array and a fourth antenna row array. The first antenna row array and the third antenna row array are connected to the first RF device module via a first power splitter structure. The second antenna row array and the fourth antenna row array are connected to the second RF device module via a second power splitter structure.

[0211] Optionally, in order to improve system integration and reduce antenna volume, the first power division structure and the second power division structure are stacked, that is, Figure 21 The two-layer power division network can be stacked and distributed. For example, two independent power division networks can be designed using the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the antenna array. The output ports of the power division network are respectively connected to two groups of antenna arrays with different polarizations.

[0212] Optionally, in order to further reduce the distance between two adjacent rows of antenna units, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group can be set in different layers, for example, when the radiation performance of the antenna units does not affect each other or the influence is small, they are set in different layers, thereby reducing the distance between two adjacent rows of antenna units without affecting the signal radiation and reception of the antenna units. For example, the two polarized antenna units can be set on different thickness layers. For example, the first power division structure and the second power division structure corresponding to different polarizations are on the same layer, and the two polarized antenna units are staggered and arranged on different layers, thereby reducing the unit spacing in the vertical direction, improving the beam scanning effect, and reducing the antenna volume. Or, for example, the first power division structure and the second power division structure corresponding to different polarizations are set on different layers, and the two polarized antenna units are staggered and arranged on different layers.

[0213] Optionally, the receiving and transmitting states of the two polarization states can also be adjusted independently. For example, at a certain moment, the antenna of polarization 1 operates in the receiving mode, and the antenna of polarization 2 operates in the transmitting mode. In order to achieve independent adjustment of the two polarization beams, two driving control structures can be used to adjust the driving voltage of the adjustment structure (for example, varactor diode) of the array antenna. Optionally, the driving control structure may include a first driving control structure and a second driving control structure, wherein the first driving control structure is connected to the first antenna unit group for controlling the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group, and the second driving control structure is connected to the second antenna unit group for controlling the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the second antenna unit group. For example, as follows Figure 22 As shown, the driving control structure 1 is only connected to the antenna unit in polarization state 1, and the driving control structure 2 is only connected to the antenna unit in polarization state 2. Control signaling is sent to the two driving control structures respectively to realize independent switching and control of the two polarization beams. Their respective codebook designs are compatible with the codebook design method of single-polarization antennas.

[0214] Optionally, to reduce the hardware cost, volume and power consumption of the drive control structure, Figure 21 The design architecture of the two polarized antenna arrays shown can contain twice as many Figure 22 The number of output ports of the driver control structure in the driver control structure is replaced by a driver control structure Figure 22 Two sets of independent drive control structures in Figure 23As shown. For example, the drive control structure may include a first output pin group and a second output pin group, wherein the first output pin group is connected to the first antenna unit group, and the second output pin group is connected to the second antenna unit group. The two polarized antenna units are provided with control signals by the same drive control structure, which is compatible with various forms of staggered arrangements of antennas with different polarizations, such as two adjacent rows of antenna units with different polarization directions, and two polarizations are staggered in groups of N rows (N>1). Its control codebook design algorithm is not compatible with the design method of single-polarized antennas. It is necessary to determine the corresponding control codebook based on the correspondence between the output pin sequence of the drive control structure and the antenna unit. This correspondence is determined by the connection routing method between the drive control structure and the antenna unit. In the following Figure 23 In the connection manner of the illustrated embodiment, the connection pins of the drive control structure are arranged in sequence, and the order of the varactor diodes in the corresponding connected antenna units is: the fourth unit in the first row of polarization 1, the third unit in the first row of polarization 1, the second unit in the first row of polarization 1, the first unit in the first row of polarization 1, the first unit in the first row of polarization 1, the first unit in the first row of polarization 2, the second unit in the first row of polarization 2, the third unit in the first row of polarization 2, the fourth unit in the first row of polarization 2, the first unit in the second row of polarization 1, the second unit in the second row of polarization 1, the third unit in the second row of polarization 1, the fourth unit in the second row of polarization 1, the first unit in the second row of polarization 2, the second unit in the second row of polarization 2, the third unit in the second row of polarization 2, and the fourth unit in the second row of polarization 2.

[0215] Optionally, in addition to Figure 20C In addition to the staggered arrangement of antenna row arrays corresponding to different polarization states shown in the figure, the antenna row array may also include a first antenna row array group and a second antenna row array group arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the antenna polarization states of the antenna row arrays in the first antenna row array group are the same, the antenna polarization states of the antenna row arrays in the second antenna row array group are the same, and the antenna polarization states of the first antenna row array group and the second antenna row array group are different, as shown in FIG. Figure 24 shown.

[0216] Optionally, each antenna unit further includes a respective control structure, wherein the control structure is used to control whether the antenna unit operates in the first polarization state or the second polarization state, or to control whether the antenna unit in the corresponding polarization state operates. Optionally, the control structure is the adjustment structure, shares the adjustment structure, or is a control structure different from the adjustment structure. For example, the control structure may be a PIN diode or a varactor diode, but is not limited thereto.

[0217] For example, in a case where the antenna unit comprises two groups of antenna units and which group corresponds to which polarization state has been specified in advance, the control structure can be used to control whether the antenna unit works to achieve the corresponding polarization state.

[0218] For example, in Figure 20C On the basis of the antenna structure realizing dual polarization, in order to reduce the overall size of the array antenna and shorten the distance between two adjacent rows of units to improve the vertical scanning accuracy, two control structures corresponding to different polarization states can be designed in the same antenna unit. Figure 25 As shown, the antenna unit includes a control structure corresponding to different polarization states, wherein the antenna unit can be controlled to operate in the first polarization state or the second polarization state by adjusting the state of the control structure (for example, the switch state). As an example, the control structure corresponding to the different polarization states can be a PIN tube or a varactor diode, but is not limited thereto. That is to say, the reception or transmission of two polarization state beams can be achieved through only one group of antenna units. In this case, for example, the two antenna unit groups corresponding to different polarization states can use the same power division structure. For example, an adjustment structure can be designed on each unit. The state of the adjustment structure can be controlled, for example, by controlling the state of the varactor diode to make the antenna unit of the unnecessary polarization direction in the off state (that is, assigned a value of "0"), so as to achieve the transmission or reception of the specified polarization beam. In this case, the two antenna unit groups corresponding to different polarization states can use two independent groups of driving control structures, and the method is the same as that in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 Similar to, or reference to Figure 23 The methods shown share a set of driver control structures.

[0219] The power splitter structure can be used to connect the RF device module and the array antenna, splitting one signal into multiple signals and feeding them into the designated array antenna unit. The implementation form can be waveguide, microstrip line, stripline, CPW, substrate integrated waveguide, cable, etc. Figure 26As shown, one signal enters the input port (port in) of the power splitter structure and is divided into multiple signals, which are output from multiple ports (ports), such as from port 1 to port 16 respectively. The waveguide structure has low transmission loss and is usually implemented using metal waveguide or plastic electroplating technology. It requires high processing accuracy and is large in size. Microstrip lines, strip lines, CPW and other structures are implemented through metal traces on the PCB and can be integrated with the current mainstream patch antenna structure, but the transmission loss is large, especially in the millimeter wave band. The cable transmission loss is small, but the volume is large. When the unit spacing is small, the connection density of the large-scale array is high, which makes it difficult to implement. According to an embodiment, the power splitter structure corresponding to the array antenna can be implemented based on a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), but is not limited to this. SIW uses dense metal perforations on the PCB of the existing process to be equivalent to a continuous metal wall to realize an integrated waveguide design based on the PCB process with low transmission loss, as shown below. Figure 26 As shown in the figure, the SIW-based power splitter structure can achieve low-loss signal transmission and connect the antenna unit and the output port of the RF device module.

[0220] According to the embodiment, optionally, the feeding structure of the antenna unit can be implemented by a leaky wave antenna based on SIW. If the horizontal unit spacing of the antenna unit is small, the design and processing of an independent SIW transmission path to feed each antenna unit is difficult. For this reason, a leaky wave antenna can be selected in combination with the transmission method of the waveguide in SIW to realize the feeding of the antenna units in the array antenna. As a traveling wave antenna, the leaky wave antenna usually has the characteristics of high gain, low profile, simple feeding system and low cost. It can be composed of non-resonant units, so it is not limited by the antenna unit spacing, so that the radiation performance of the antenna can be improved by reducing the antenna unit spacing. Figure 27 This is a side view of a row antenna array. As can be seen, the array has only one feed port on the left side. The signal fed by the power splitter structure propagates along the z-axis, causing the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave to vary periodically. Based on the required spacing between antenna elements, periodic leaky antenna apertures are designed on the surface of the waveguide (the z = 0 plane). By adjusting the resonant state of the corresponding antenna element according to the desired target radiation direction, an equiphase plane is generated in that direction, enabling beam emission in the target direction.

[0221] According to an embodiment, the transmission mode of the signal in the SIW is related to the size of the SIW and the metal structure in the SIW. For example, the transmission mode may be a TE (Transverse Electric Wave) 10 mode.

[0222] Optionally, in order to reduce the beam splitting phenomenon in the working bandwidth caused by the transmission mode, a metal wire structure can be introduced into the SIW, and the metal wire structure is used to change or ensure the working mode or signal transmission mode in the SIW, thereby improving the beam splitting phenomenon. For example, adjusting from the TE10 mode (mode) to the TEM (Transverse Electromagnetic Wave, transverse electromagnetic wave) mode (mode). The working mode or signal transmission mode in the SIW is related to the metal structure (metal wire) in the SIW and the size of the SIW ( Figure 18B It is related to factors such as L in the equation.

[0223] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is also provided. Figure 28 1 is a block diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 28 , electronic device 1500 may include an antenna structure 1510 and a controller 1520. Antenna structure 1510 may be the antenna structure described above according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and controller 1520 is configured to generate a control signal for the antenna structure. As an example, the electronic device may be any wireless communication device, such as a base station device, user equipment, or relay device.

[0224] The antenna structure and electronic device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above. Now, a method performed by the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described, wherein the method is used to generate a control signal for the above-mentioned antenna structure according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0225] Figure 29 is a flowchart of a method for determining codebook information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0226] In the array antenna according to the embodiment, the lateral spacing D1 between antenna elements can be much smaller than half a wavelength (for example, λ0 / 10 < D < λ0 / 5, where λ0 is the wavelength of the signal), and the longitudinal spacing D2 can be greater than half a wavelength (for example, 0.75λ0). Next, a method performed by an electronic device is described using this case as an example, but the method is not limited to this arrangement of antenna elements.

[0227] Assume that the array antenna with m*n antenna elements needs to output a beam in the target beam direction (θ0, φ0), where θ0 is the target horizontal angle of the beam and φ0 is the target vertical angle of the beam. Figure 29 The control signal is generated by the method shown in FIG. As an example, the control signal may be codebook information, but is not limited thereto.

[0228] Reference Figure 29In step S1610, the switch state of each antenna unit is determined based on the target horizontal angle of the beam. The switch state may indicate whether the antenna unit radiates or receives a signal at the transmission signal frequency.

[0229] Compared with traditional phased array antennas, if the lateral spacing D1 of the antenna units is much smaller than half a wavelength, the amplitude and phase of the signal fed to each antenna unit through the SIW via the leaky wave antenna are inconsistent, so the phased array method cannot be used to calculate the adjustment information of the antenna unit to the signal. According to the embodiment, the calculation method of optical holography can be referred to. The signal from the waveguide reaching each antenna unit is the reference wave, and the antenna output beam to be obtained is the object wave. The adjustment value of the antenna array surface can be calculated based on the reference wave and the object wave, that is, the switching state of the antenna unit when the target direction angle of the beam is (θ0, φ0).

[0230] For example, when SIW is used as a power splitter structure, the guided wave transmitted in SIW is transmitted to any position x in the antenna array. i The electric field at

[0231]

[0232] For a beam that is expected to point to (θ0, φ0), the electric field expected to be output in this direction can be expressed as

[0233]

[0234] According to the principle of holographic technology, the adjustment value of the electric field of each antenna unit is:

[0235] E holo =|E ref +E obj | (1-3)

[0236] For example, the above equation can be normalized, and then a suitable value interval [0, et] can be selected. If the calculated adjustment value of the electric field of the antenna unit is within this interval, the switch state of the antenna unit is determined to be "0", indicating that the antenna unit does not radiate or receive signals at the transmission signal frequency. If the calculated adjustment value of the electric field of the antenna unit is outside this interval, the switch state of the antenna unit is determined to be "1", indicating that the antenna unit radiates or receives signals at the transmission signal frequency.

[0237] In the above equations 1-1 to 1-3, k0 is the free space wave number of the electromagnetic wave, the phase shift constant β represents the phase change of the transmitted signal per unit length wave in the propagation direction, k0 = 2π / λ = β, λ is the wavelength of the transmitted signal.

[0238] According to an embodiment, in step S1610, the switch state may be determined based on the target horizontal angle of the beam, the lateral spacing between antenna elements, and the transmission signal frequency. According to an embodiment, determining the switch state based on the target horizontal angle of the beam, the lateral spacing between antenna elements, and the transmission signal frequency may include: determining the position information of each antenna element in each antenna row array based on the lateral spacing; determining the phase change per unit length of the transmission signal in the propagation direction based on the transmission signal frequency; and determining the switch state based on the position information, the phase change, and the target horizontal angle. The transmission signal frequency may include a resonant frequency or a non-resonant frequency.

[0239] For example, using the above formulas 1-1 to 1-3, based on the signal (traveling wave) information (including the transmission signal frequency f, f = c0 / λ, c0 is the speed of light in a vacuum, λ is the wavelength) input to each antenna row array by SIW, it is possible to calculate the 1*n matrix a of the switching information of each row antenna unit when φ0 = 0 (i.e., no longitudinal scanning is performed) when a beam with a frequency of f is sent toward the target horizontal direction angle θ0. x (f, θ0, D1), this matrix has only two values ​​0 and 1, 0 indicates no radiation signal, and 1 indicates radiation signal.

[0240] Specifically, for example, first, the position x of the i-th element in each antenna row array can be calculated based on the horizontal spacing D1 between the antenna elements. i for

[0241]

[0242] Secondly, the β value can be calculated based on the transmission signal frequency f.

[0243] Finally, we can substitute the above equations 1-3 to obtain the following formula (1_4).

[0244]

[0245] After normalizing the results, the switch state of the i-th antenna can be determined as "0" or "1" according to the selected interval critical value et, thereby obtaining the 1*n matrix a x The specific value of each bit of (f, θ0, D1), that is, whether each antenna unit radiates a signal at the transmission signal frequency f.

[0246] The setting of the et value can affect the gain and sidelobes of the array antenna. When the et value is small, the number of radiating antenna elements is small and the gain is small. When the et value is large, the sidelobes caused by harmonics are severe. The specific value of this et can be determined by preliminary simulation or testing, or adjusted according to actual transmission requirements, or obtained by other node configurations. For example, in the structure of certain embodiments, simulations determined that when the lateral spacing between antenna elements is selected to be 0.2λ, the sidelobes and gain performance are optimal when the et value is 0.7.

[0247] In this embodiment, the adjustment structure of each antenna unit can be a varactor diode. According to the formula It can be seen from ω0=2πf0 that the resonant frequency is related to the equivalent inductance and capacitance values ​​of the resonant circuit in the antenna unit. Therefore, the equivalent capacitance value can be adjusted by loading different driving voltages on the varactor diode, and the adjustment of the capacitance will lead to the adjustment of the resonant frequency. Subsequently, based on the target horizontal angle of the beam, the lateral spacing between the antenna units and the resonant frequency, it can be determined whether the antenna unit radiates electromagnetic waves at this frequency, which can correspond to the "0" and "1" states of binary holographic modulation.

[0248] In addition, according to the formula From ω0=2πf0, we can see that the resonant frequency is related to the equivalent inductance and capacitance of the resonant circuit, and the phase of the antenna unit is related to the resonant frequency. Therefore, by applying different driving voltages to the varactor diode, its equivalent capacitance value can be adjusted, and the adjustment of the capacitance will lead to the adjustment of the resonant frequency, and then the phase can be adjusted. For example, Figure 30 As shown, at the frequency f1 near the resonant frequency f0, the amplitude is slightly different from the amplitude at the frequency f0, but the values ​​of phase 1 and phase 2 corresponding to the corresponding frequencies are quite different. Therefore, the phase of the antenna unit can be adjusted by fine-tuning the resonant frequency to replace the function of the phase shifter. Figure 30 The characteristic curve shown is related to the antenna unit design, the varactor diode design, and the driving voltage accuracy loaded by the varactor diode, and can be pre-stored in the calculation module in advance in the form of a table or a corresponding relationship diagram.

[0249] In step S1620, for antenna units in the on state, the phase of each antenna unit is determined based on the target vertical angle of the beam, and the resonant state of each antenna unit is determined based on the phase of each antenna unit.

[0250] According to the embodiment, the phase difference between two adjacent rows of antenna units may be determined based on the target vertical angle of the beam and the longitudinal spacing between the antenna units, and the phase of each antenna unit may be determined based on the phase difference.

[0251] For example, the matrix a of the phase difference m*1 of the signal transmission between two adjacent rows of units can be calculated based on the target vertical angle φ0 of the beam, the longitudinal spacing D2 between the antenna units, and the phase value of the signal output by the power splitter structure arriving at each row array port. y (A, φ0, D2).

[0252] According to an embodiment, the path difference of the transmission signal between two vertically adjacent rows of antenna units can be calculated based on the target vertical angle and the longitudinal spacing, and the phase difference between the two adjacent rows of antenna units can be determined based on the path difference and the phase change of the transmission signal per unit length wave in the propagation direction (i.e., the β value above).

[0253] For example, when the longitudinal spacing D2 between the antenna units in two adjacent rows is the same, as shown in FIG. Figure 31 As shown, based on the target vertical angle φ0 and the spacing D2, the path difference ΔL between two vertically adjacent rows of antenna elements can be calculated. The phase difference Δφ caused by this distance difference ΔL can also be calculated. In this case, the phase difference between the nth row of antenna elements and the first row is (n-1)*Δφ.

[0254] ΔL=sinΔφ*D2

[0255] Δφ=β*ΔL

[0256] Assuming that the first antenna unit is in the radiation state (i.e., the value is 1) and the phase value A of the antenna unit is used as the reference phase when the signal frequency is transmitted, then this column matrix a y The value of (A, φ0, D2) is [A; A+Δφ; A+2Δφ;...; A+(m-1)*Δφ].

[0257] Optionally, the spacing between two adjacent rows of antenna units may not be equal. Assuming that the spacing between two adjacent rows of antenna units is D21 / D22 / D23..., the unit y can be calculated according to the above formula i With the previous unit y i-1 The phase difference Δφ i-1 , and then the phase value of the antenna unit can be obtained by accumulating the phase of the previous unit. This column matrix a y The specific values ​​of (A, φ0, D2) are After the phase of each antenna unit is determined, the resonance state of each antenna unit may be determined based on the phase of each antenna unit.

[0258] After determining the switch state at step S1610 and the resonant state of each antenna element at step S1620, a control signal may be generated based on the switch state and the resonant state of each antenna element at step S1630. Depending on the embodiment, the resonant state may include a resonant frequency and / or a resonant impedance.

[0259] According to an embodiment, step S1630 may include: determining voltage information corresponding to the array antenna based on the switching state and the resonant state of each antenna unit, the voltage information including the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in each antenna unit in the array antenna; and generating a control signal based on the voltage information.

[0260] For an antenna unit whose state is off (the state being off indicates that it does not radiate or receive signals at the transmission signal frequency), the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in the antenna unit is determined based on the transmission signal frequency, combined with the correspondence between the driving voltage of the adjustment structure and the resonant state of the antenna unit; for an antenna unit whose state is on (the state being on indicates that it radiates or receives signals at the transmission signal frequency), the driving voltage of the adjustment structure included in the antenna unit is determined based on the transmission signal frequency and the phase of the antenna unit, combined with the correspondence between the driving voltage of the adjustment structure and the resonant state of the antenna unit.

[0261] For example, according to the calculated switch matrix a x (f, θ0, D1) and phase difference matrix a y (A, φ0, D2), combined with the corresponding relationship between the driving voltage of the varactor diode and the frequency and phase of the transmission signal, the voltage matrix V corresponding to this array antenna can be obtained m，n , where the voltage matrix V m，n The driving voltage of the adjustment structure of each antenna unit included in the array antenna is included.

[0262] For example, for matrix a x For antenna units with a value of 0 in (f, θ0, D1), the corresponding drive voltage can be determined based on the transmission signal frequency f by looking up Table 1 below. The mapping relationship between transmission signal frequency and drive voltage shown in Table 1 can be pre-established based on the relationship between the drive voltage and resonant frequency of the varactor diode.

[0263] Transmission signal frequency f Driving voltage f1 V1 f2 V2 … …

[0264] Table 1a x Voltage correspondence table for (f, θ0, D1) = 0

[0265] For the matrix a xFor antenna units whose value in (f, θ0, D1) is 0, their corresponding driving voltages are the same regardless of which row of the array antenna they are in, and can be obtained by querying Table 1.

[0266] For the matrix a x The columns corresponding to the antenna units with a value of 1 in (f, θ0, D1) have different driving voltages for the varactor diodes loaded in each column, which can be obtained by looking up Table 2 below. The phase of each antenna unit can be determined based on the phase difference, and the resonant state of the antenna unit, for example, the resonant frequency, can be determined based on the transmission signal frequency and the phase of each antenna unit. There is a corresponding relationship between the resonant state of the antenna unit and the driving voltage of the adjustment structure. Therefore, the mapping relationship between the transmission signal frequency, the phase adjustment value, and the driving voltage in Table 2 can be pre-established based on the corresponding relationship between the driving voltage of the varactor diode included in the antenna unit and the resonant state of the antenna unit (for example, the resonant frequency). For example, according to the calculated a y The specific value of the (A, φ0, D2) phase difference matrix can be used to obtain its corresponding m*1 voltage matrix Vy.

[0267]

[0268] Form 2a x Voltage correspondence table for (f, θ0, D1) = 1

[0269] Adjust the voltage matrix V m，n In the case of matrix a x When the value of the cell in (f, θ0, D1) is 1, the driving voltage of the corresponding column is Vy.

[0270] According to an embodiment, the value of the driving voltage may be related to the vertical beam scanning accuracy of the array antenna. The smaller the driving voltage value interval, the higher the vertical beam scanning accuracy. This is because the smaller the driving voltage value interval, the smaller the phase adjustment step of the adjustment structure (e.g., varactor diode), and the smaller the adjustment step, the higher the vertical beam scanning accuracy.

[0271] After determining the voltage information corresponding to the array antenna, control signaling can be generated based on the voltage information. For example, codebook information for controlling the array antenna can be generated. The correspondence between the codebook information and the driving voltage is related to the design of the driving control structure and the encoding method of the codebook. As an example, the codebook information can be the codebook itself or information indicating the codebook.

[0272] Optionally, the voltage correspondence relationship mentioned above can be expressed in the form of a table (such as Table 1, Table 2), a scatter plot (such as Figure 30 ), or formula.

[0273] Optionally, in the above voltage correspondence table, the correspondence between the codebook information and the transmission signal frequency and phase adjustment value can also be directly shown, thereby reducing the processing and conversion from voltage information to codebook information, eliminating the need for the correspondence between codebook information and voltage information, and saving storage space.

[0274] In some embodiments, the phase of the antenna unit changes rapidly near the resonance point of the LC resonant circuit (ie, the antenna unit in the radiating state), such as Figure 30 As shown, if higher phase accuracy is required, a small voltage change adjustment step is required; at frequencies far from the resonance point (i.e., the antenna unit is in the off state), there is almost no phase change, so a non-uniformly spaced driving voltage step design can be used.

[0275] For a dual-polarized antenna architecture, if two polarized antennas share a set of drive control structures, the codebook matrix controlled by the array antenna becomes 2m*n. Codebooks of different polarization states can be interleaved. The interleaving method is related to the connection method between the varactor diode and the drive control structure.

[0276] Optionally, since the connection mode between the varactor diodes and the drive control structure in each row may be different, the correspondence between the positions of the antenna units and the codebook may be in order or in reverse order, and the correspondence between two adjacent rows may be the same or opposite.

[0277] After generating the control signal, the driving voltage of the adjustment structure (for example, a varactor diode) included in the antenna unit of the array antenna that is driven by the control structure can be determined based on the control signal. Then, based on the driving voltage, the switching state of the antenna unit is determined to achieve beam emission toward the target horizontal direction angle. At the same time, the resonant state (for example, the resonant frequency) of the antenna unit is adjusted without changing the switching state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit to achieve beam emission toward the target vertical direction angle.

[0278] In some cases, in order to meet the communication needs of different frequency bands, for example, different operators with non-adjacent spectrums and different communication functions (terrestrial wireless communication and satellite communication), antenna unit arrays of multiple frequency bands can be integrated into the same antenna array surface, and different services can be provided with the same antenna. The method of designing independent sub-modules of different frequencies and combining them to realize antennas of different frequency bands has low integration and large size, simplified design complexity and low processing difficulty. In order to improve the overall integration of the antenna, antenna units of two frequencies can be integrated into the same antenna array surface, and the number of antenna units can be increased within the same total antenna area to obtain a higher overall antenna gain. It is difficult to integrate antenna array surfaces of two polarization directions and two frequency bands and the required power division networks, RF components and other devices in the space corresponding to the same antenna array surface. The corresponding heat dissipation and power supply problems also hinder the development and widespread application of such antennas.

[0279] According to an embodiment, a highly integrated dual-band, dual-polarization antenna design is proposed. According to an embodiment, the multiple antenna units included in the array antenna may include a first antenna unit group and a second antenna unit group, wherein the first antenna unit group operates in a first frequency band and the second antenna unit group operates in a second frequency band, wherein the antenna units operating in different frequency bands are arranged adjacent to each other and / or have the same period. According to an embodiment, the period may be determined based on the first frequency band or the second frequency band. For example, the period may be determined based on the frequency band with the higher frequency of the first frequency band and the second frequency band. For example, the center frequencies of the two frequency bands may be f1 and f2, respectively, and two groups of antenna units operating in the frequency bands with center frequencies f1 and f2, respectively, are staggered within the same antenna array plane, the spacing between two adjacent units of the same frequency band is X1 and X2, respectively, and the center frequency wavelengths of the two frequency bands are λ1 and λ2, respectively, where λ1>λ2. According to an embodiment, the spacing between the antenna units may be less than or approximately equal to half a wavelength, which can avoid the influence of grating lobes during the scanning process. According to an embodiment, the periods of the antenna units operating in the two frequency bands may be almost the same, for example, both are about λ2 / 2, to ensure that the spacing between the antenna units of the low frequency band is less than λ1 / 2. According to an embodiment, the frequency of the first frequency band may be lower than the frequency of the second frequency band. When the wavelength λ1 of the antenna unit group operating in the low frequency band is significantly different from the wavelength λ2 of the antenna unit group operating in the high frequency band, for example, λ1=2*λ2, the antenna unit group operating in the low frequency band may be arranged according to the above reference. Figure 29The described method obtains the unit control information required for beam adjustment. According to an embodiment, the antenna unit for each frequency band may include a single antenna structure or an antenna structure group consisting of multiple antenna structures to serve different polarization forms. According to an embodiment, each antenna unit may have a corresponding adjustment structure for adjusting the antenna beam direction. The adjustment structure may be in the form of a PIN diode, a varactor diode, or the like. The adjustment structure has been described above and will not be repeated here. According to an embodiment, the antenna unit period for different frequency bands can be the same to avoid the problem of overlapping antenna unit positions caused by different unit periods. This eliminates the need to consider wavelength restrictions on antenna unit structure design during antenna design, thereby providing a highly integrated dual-band dual-polarization antenna method with a shared array surface. More antenna units can be placed within the same antenna array size, achieving higher gain. Furthermore, the unit spacing of the low-frequency antenna can be less than half a wavelength, increasing the number of antenna units compared to traditional phased arrays, providing greater adjustment freedom, and achieving lower grating lobes during beam scanning and / or less gain drop compared to normal gain during scanning. According to an embodiment, to achieve dual polarization, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization or includes two single-polarized antenna structures; or, each antenna unit in one of the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, and each antenna unit in the other of the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group includes two single-polarized antenna structures. In other words, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may both include dual-polarized antenna units, or both include two single-polarized antenna units, or one may include dual-polarized antenna units and the other may include two single-polarized antenna units.

[0280] According to an embodiment, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may have a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, for example, a 90° rotationally symmetric antenna structure to achieve dual polarization. Figure 32As shown, the antenna unit of the square structure can work at low frequency, and its corresponding unit spacing is X2; the antenna unit of the circular structure can work at high frequency, and its corresponding unit spacing is X1, X1=X2. Antenna units working in two different frequency bands can be arranged adjacent to each other, and can both be 90° rotationally symmetrical structures (they have the same shape after rotating 90° around the center of the figure, such as the square structure and the circular structure in this example), to support dual-polarized antenna feeding. As an example, the form of adjacent arrangement can be cross-arrangement or spaced arrangement in at least one direction. According to an embodiment, each antenna unit group in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may correspond to two independent feeding structures. For example, multiple antenna units working in two different frequency bands may constitute respective antenna unit sets, and each antenna unit in each antenna unit set requires two independent feeding RF links, as follows Figure 33 As shown, a1 and a2 serve as two feeding points of the same antenna unit, and their graphics can be 90° rotationally symmetrical graphics, connecting two independent RF links respectively. Each subset of antenna units requires four independent feeding RF links, one for each of the two polarizations and two frequency bands. According to an embodiment, the period of the antenna units can be the same to avoid the problem of limited design space of some units due to different wavelengths and different unit periods (for example, half the wavelength of a traditional phased array antenna is the unit period) of antenna units of different frequency bands, thereby reducing the difficulty of design.

[0281] Optionally, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may include an antenna structure group consisting of two single-polarized antenna structures to achieve dual polarization. For example, the antenna unit may not be a 90° rotationally symmetrical structure, but may achieve dual polarization through two independent antenna structures with different polarizations, thereby increasing the design freedom of the antenna unit radiation pattern, such as Figure 20C As shown. Accordingly, two feeding structures (e.g., waveguides) must be designed for feeding different polarized antenna structures within this frequency band. This type of antenna configuration enables independent waveguide feeding with low transmission loss, allowing the two polarized antenna structures to operate independently and simultaneously.

[0282] Optionally, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group may have a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, while each antenna unit in the second antenna unit group may include two single-polarization antenna structures. For example, an antenna unit operating in the first frequency band and having a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization may be interleaved with an antenna unit operating in the second frequency band and having two single-polarization antenna structures. For example, an antenna unit including two single-polarization antenna structures may be interleaved with an antenna unit having a cross-shaped antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, as shown below: Figure 34The dual-polarized cross-shaped antenna unit requires two independent feeding structures (including feeding points and RF link components), and the feeding structure can be implemented in the form of waveguide feeding, coupled feeding, or direct feeding achieved through metal punching.

[0283] According to an embodiment, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may be arranged on the same layer or different layers. For example, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group may be arranged on the same PCB layer or different PCB layers.

[0284] According to an embodiment, the feeding structure of the first antenna unit group and the feeding structure of the second antenna unit group are distributed on different PCB layers.

[0285] For example, optionally, the feeding waveguide of the first antenna unit group and the feeding waveguide of the second antenna unit group may be distributed in the same Figure 20C In different PCB layers, the feed holes are staggered to reduce coupling, as shown below Figure 35 As shown. The first layer of metal and the second layer of metal and the periodic metal perforations used for connection constitute the feeding waveguide of the antenna unit including two single-polarized antenna structures. The periodic openings on the first layer of metal constitute the radiation unit of the leaky wave antenna, which can work independently in two polarization states respectively; the metal traces of the third and fourth layers are the feeding lines of the dual-polarized antenna unit with a single antenna structure that can support dual polarization. Because the two polarization states need to be fed separately, the feeding form distributed in different layers can reduce the difficulty of processing and design. Optionally, the first antenna unit group and the second antenna unit group can be set in the same PCB layer. For example, the dual-polarized antenna unit and the two single-polarized antenna structures are all on the first layer and are placed in a staggered arrangement. This solution can realize a dual-band, dual-polarized antenna, and only four sets of high-power RF components are required to complete it.

[0286] Optionally, in order to reduce the space occupied by the high-power devices of the antenna, the beam adjustment structure and the RF device module (for example, RF link) of the dual-polarized antenna in one of the frequency bands can be implemented using a traditional phased array chip architecture. According to an embodiment, the adjustment structure in the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group and the drive control structure corresponding to the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group are implemented by a phased array chip, and the number of output ports of the phased array chip is the same as the number of feeding ports of the first antenna unit group or the second antenna unit group, and the number of phased array chips is the same as the number of RF device modules connected to the phased array chip. As mentioned above, the adjustment structure can adjust the resonant state of the antenna unit. For example, the adjustment structure may include an amplitude adjustment structure and / or a phase adjustment structure required to adjust the antenna. For example, the phased array chip includes an amplitude adjustment structure and / or a phase adjustment structure required to adjust the antenna and its corresponding drive control structure, wherein the number of output signal ports of the chip is consistent with the number of feeding ports of the antenna, and the number of RF links connected to the chip is the same as the number of chips. As Figure 36 As shown, the chip output signal is directly connected to the antenna unit through the feed metal perforations in the lower layer. The two polarized antenna units have independent feed structures. This solution shortens the transmission distance of the feed traces, reduces transmission loss, reduces design difficulty, and improves the overall antenna integration.

[0287] Optionally, each antenna unit in the first antenna unit group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization, each antenna unit in the second antenna unit group includes two single-polarization antenna structures, the feeding structure of the second antenna unit group is implemented with a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), and at least one perforation constituting the waveguide is used as the feeding structure of the first antenna unit group. For example, the perforations of the waveguide can be periodic or non-periodic metal perforations. For example, if the feeding waveguides of the two single-polarization antenna structures are implemented with SIW, then at least one periodic metal perforation constituting the waveguide is used for the feed line of the dual-polarization antenna unit to reduce the number of perforations of the entire antenna structure, avoid the limitation of processing difficulty on a small metal perforation period, and reduce processing requirements and processing costs.

[0288] Based on the above design method, a dual-polarization, dual-band highly integrated antenna can be obtained. The two sets of low-frequency single-polarization antenna units can be used Figures 18A-18BThe row array waveguide feeding form shown is used, and different row arrays are connected through a power splitter structure, using two independent sets of RF links to serve the operation of two antennas with different polarizations. Each antenna unit has an independent adjustment structure for adjusting the amplitude and / or phase of the output signal of each antenna unit, and the number of the adjustment structures can be one or more. The high-frequency dual-polarization antenna unit can use two independent sets of chips to achieve signal phase adjustment and / or amplitude adjustment. Each antenna unit has its corresponding signal adjustment structure (wherein a single chip can serve the feeding of one or more antenna units, and the feeding of one or more polarization directions of an antenna unit), and its feeding form can be metal perforated feeding or coupled feeding. Compared with the antenna design that works in two independent frequency bands, the number of units in the same area is greater, and the array gain is greater; one frequency band uses a high-power small number of RF link structures, and the other frequency band uses a traditional chip-controlled multi-RF link structure, which can improve the integration of the antenna and reduce the overall size.

[0289] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure brings at least the following beneficial effects: since each antenna unit in the array antenna includes its own adjustment structure, and the adjustment structure adjusts the resonant state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit according to the control signal of the driving control structure without changing the switching state of the antenna unit, it is possible to provide the phase required for accurate longitudinal scanning without affecting the transmission of the beam to the target horizontal scanning angle, thereby improving the vertical scanning accuracy of the beam.

[0290] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may also be provided, wherein when the instructions are executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor is prompted to execute the above-mentioned method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Examples of computer-readable storage media here include: read-only memory (ROM), random access programmable read-only memory (PROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory, non-volatile memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD+R, CD-RW, CD+RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD+R, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, BD-ROM, BD-R, BD-R LTH, BD-RE, Blu-ray or optical disk memory, hard disk drive (HDD), solid state drive (SSD), card memory (such as, multimedia card, secure digital (SD) card or ultra-fast digital (XD) card), magnetic tape, floppy disk, magneto-optical data storage device, optical data storage device, hard disk, solid state disk and any other device, any other device configured to store computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures in a non-transitory manner and provide the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures to a processor or computer so that the processor or computer can execute the computer program. The instructions or computer program in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium can be executed in an environment deployed in a computer device such as a client, a host, an agent device, a server, etc. In addition, in one example, the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are distributed on a networked computer system so that the computer program and any associated data, data files and data structures are stored, accessed and executed in a distributed manner by one or more processors or computers.

[0291] Those skilled in the art will understand that the words “adjust” and the like used in the above illustrative embodiments may have the meaning of “determine” and may be used interchangeably with “determine” depending on the context.

[0292] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above illustrative embodiments are described herein and are not intended to be limiting. It should be understood that any two or more of the embodiments disclosed herein may be combined in any combination. In addition, other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that the various aspects of the invention of the present disclosure as generally described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings may be arranged, replaced, combined, separated, and designed in a variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated herein.

[0293] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described herein can be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described above in the form of their functional sets. Whether such functional sets are implemented as hardware or software depends on specific applications and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Technicians can implement the described functional sets in different ways for each specific application, but such design decisions should not be interpreted as causing departure from the scope of the present application.

[0294] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described herein may be implemented or executed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0295] The steps of the method or algorithm described in this application can be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module can reside in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read and write information from / to the storage medium. In an alternative, a storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and the storage medium can reside in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0296] In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, the latter including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0297] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first node in a communication system, comprising: receiving second configuration signaling from a second node operating in a second frequency range, the second configuration signaling including frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed in a third frequency range, wherein the second frequency range is different from the third frequency range; performing measurements based on the frequency related information; and determining a first frequency range of the first node based on the measurement result or based on third configuration signaling received from the second node; The third configuration signaling includes second information for determining the first frequency range of the first node, wherein the second information is determined based on the measurement result.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second configuration signaling further includes at least one of the following: Used to configure whether to enable or disable measurement in the third frequency range; for configuring beam direction related information for performing measurements in a third frequency range; used to configure measurement time related information for performing measurements within a third frequency range; Measurement period related information for configuring measurements performed within a third frequency range; Used to configure signal measurement related information for performing measurements in a third frequency range.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: Sending first information to the second node, The first information includes at least one of the following: beam frequency or beam frequency indication information; Beam direction information; The measurement results.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: receiving first configuration signaling from the second node, The first configuration signaling includes at least one of the following: Beam-related information; The third information is used to determine the first frequency range of the first node.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: A first frequency range of the first node is determined based on third information included in the received first configuration signaling.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The second information or the third information includes at least one of the following: Information related to frequency resources in a first frequency range of the first node; information related to the beam power of the first node; indication information related to frequency resources in a first frequency range of the first node; Indication information related to the beam power of the first node.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The second configuration signaling further includes frequency-related information for configuring measurement to be performed within a fourth frequency range.

8. A method performed by a second node in a communication system, comprising: Sending second configuration signaling to the first node, where the second configuration signaling includes frequency-related information for configuring to perform measurement within a third frequency range; receiving first information from the first node, the first information comprising at least one of the following: beam frequency or beam frequency indication information, beam direction information, and a measurement result of measurement performed in a third frequency range; and Based on the first information, second information for determining a first frequency range of the first node is determined.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein Determining second information for determining a first frequency range of the first node based on the first information includes: determining a signal power value received by the fourth node based on at least one of the first information, information related to a beam used by the first node, and physical location information of the first node and the fourth node; comparing a signal power value received by the fourth node with an interference threshold of the fourth node to determine an interference frequency; Based on the interference frequency, second information for determining a first frequency range of the first node is determined.

10. A node, comprising: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals with the outside; as well as A controller is configured to control the transceiver to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. An antenna structure, comprising: An array antenna comprising a drive control structure and a plurality of antenna elements forming an array of a plurality of antenna rows, Among them, each antenna unit includes its own adjustment structure, which determines the switching state of the antenna unit according to the control signal of the driving control structure, and at the same time, adjusts the resonant state of the antenna unit to determine the phase of the antenna unit without changing the switching state of the antenna unit.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 11, wherein: The multiple antenna units include a first antenna unit group and a second antenna unit group, wherein the first antenna unit group operates in a first frequency band and the second antenna unit group operates in a second frequency band, wherein the antenna units operating in different frequency bands are arranged adjacent to each other and / or have the same period.

13. The antenna structure according to claim 12, wherein: Each antenna element in the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarization or an antenna structure including two single polarizations; or Each antenna element of one of the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group has a single antenna structure capable of supporting dual polarizations, and each antenna element of the other of the first antenna element group and the second antenna element group includes two single-polarization antenna structures.

14. An electronic device comprising: The antenna structure according to any one of claims 11 to 13; as well as A controller is configured to generate a control signal for the antenna structure.

15. A method performed by an electronic device, the method for generating a control signal for the antenna structure according to any one of claims 11 to 13, the method comprising: Determining the on / off state of each antenna unit based on the target horizontal direction angle of the beam; For antenna units in the on state, determining the phase of each antenna unit based on the target vertical angle of the beam, and determining the resonant state of each antenna unit based on the phase of each antenna unit; The control signal is generated based on the switching state of each antenna unit and the resonance state of each antenna unit.

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