Multifunctional lifting appliance for tramcar

Abstract

The multifunctional lifting appliance for the tramcar is specially used for lifting parts in the tramcar during maintenance and comprises a lifting appliance body frame, a lifting appliance adjusting assembly is arranged on the back face of the lifting appliance body frame, and an adsorption assembly and a clamping assembly are arranged on the front face of the lifting appliance body frame; the adsorption assembly is connected to a bottom plate of the lifting appliance main body frame through a buffer device, the clamping assembly is connected to a guide rail assembly erected in the lifting appliance main body frame, an overturning hook claw and a supporting rod are arranged on the outer side of the lifting appliance main body frame, the overturning hook claw is arranged at the end of the clamping assembly, and the supporting rod is arranged at the end of the adsorption assembly. The lifting tool has the beneficial effects that various different large components of the tramcar can be quickly and effectively lifted, and the use of various lifting tools is avoided. Meanwhile, the arc-shaped front windshield of the tramcar can be hoisted and replaced in a matched mode, the maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the labor cost and the maintenance time are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of trams, and particularly relates to a multifunctional hoist for trams. Background Art

[0002] Trams are lightweight, electrically powered urban rail transit vehicles that travel on rails and are environmentally friendly public transportation vehicles. To ensure safe operation, major mechanical and electrical components typically require repair and replacement after 5-10 years of operation. Because some of the tram's major components are mounted on the roof, they require cranes to lift them. These components are often irregular in shape and require manual assembly and disassembly. Therefore, the entire replacement process requires the use of different lifting tools, making it a tedious and time-consuming process.

[0003] The windshield of a tram is uniquely curved and large, making it difficult to position. Therefore, replacing the windshield requires significant labor and is easily damaged and scratched. The replacement also requires a designated location. Therefore, replacing the windshield on a tram typically requires the assistance of a crane and the collaborative efforts of several individuals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional spreader for trams.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A multifunctional hoist for trams is specially used for hoisting components during maintenance in trams, comprising a hoist main frame, a hoist adjustment assembly being provided on the back of the hoist main frame, an adsorption assembly and a clamping assembly being provided on the front of the hoist main frame, the adsorption assembly being connected to the bottom plate of the hoist main frame through a buffer device, the clamping assembly being connected to the guide rail assembly erected in the hoist main frame, a flip hook and a support rod being provided on the outside of the hoist main frame, the flip hook being provided at the end of the clamping assembly, and the support rod being provided at the end of the adsorption assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the sling adjustment assembly includes an adjustment rotating shaft placed on a base plate, 6 adjustment brackets are connected to the adjustment rotating shaft, a hanging ring is provided at the top of the adjustment bracket, the other end of the adjustment bracket is connected to the first connecting rod through a radial rotating shaft, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the adjustment rotating shaft through an axial radial rotating assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the axial radial rotation assembly and the adjustment rotation shaft are connected via a connecting shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer device includes a base connected to the bottom plate, a driving motor is provided on the base, one end of the driving motor is connected to a driven gear placed on one side through a driving gear, upper and lower lifting components are connected on both sides of the driven gear, and the top of the upper and lower lifting components is connected to the adsorption component through a connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, a driving main rod is provided in the driven gear, and both ends of the driving main rod are vertically connected to a driving connecting rod group. A connecting plate is provided on the top of the driving connecting rod group, and a buffer spring is provided in the middle of the driving connecting rod group.

[0010] Preferably, the adsorption assembly includes a suction cup group symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the suction cup group includes a group of suction cup base plates, both ends of the suction cup base plates are connected with arc-shaped connecting rods through connecting shafts, and suction cups are evenly distributed on the suction cup base plates; the suction cup base plate on one side of the suction cup group is connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is connected to the connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a group of clamps vertically arranged on the slide rail through a slider, a lifting cylinder is arranged on the outside of the clamp, and the top of the lifting cylinder is connected to a fixed mounting rod through a cylinder shaft. The clamps make relative movement on the slide rail to achieve clamping or loosening of the product.

[0012] Preferably, the outer upper end of the splint is connected to a flip plate via a flip mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, a deceleration flip motor is provided at one end of the main frame of the sling, and the flip hook is connected to the deceleration flip motor via a shaft.

[0014] Preferably, one side of the clamping assembly is connected to an auxiliary fixing frame via an upper and lower driving assembly, and a connecting hole is provided on the auxiliary fixing frame.

[0015] The invention has the following beneficial effects: It can quickly and effectively install various large components on trams, avoiding the use of multiple lifting tools. It can also be used to install and replace curved front windshields on trams, significantly reducing maintenance costs, labor costs, and time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adsorption component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spreader adjustment assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flip positioning device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following Figures 1-6 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] The present invention discloses a multifunctional sling for trams, which is specially used for hoisting different components in trams during maintenance. It comprises a sling main body frame 1, an auxiliary lifting ring 17 is provided at the back end of the sling main body frame 1, and a base plate 16 is further provided on the back of the sling main body frame 1, and a sling adjustment component 2 is provided on the base plate 16. The sling adjustment component 2 cooperates with the crane to complete the adjustment of the overall direction of the sling. The front of the sling main body frame 1 is provided with an adsorption component 4 and a clamping component 3. The adsorption component 4 and the clamping component 3 are respectively arranged on the sling main body frame 1 in a front-to-back position relationship. A flip hook 11 and a support rod 12 are provided on the outside of the sling main body frame 1, the flip hook 11 is provided at the end of the clamping component, and the support rod 12 is provided at the end of the adsorption component.

[0025] Specifically, the spreader main frame 1 is provided with a base plate 16, and the spreader adjustment assembly 2 is placed on the base plate 16. It includes an adjustment rotary shaft 21 located in the middle, and six adjustment brackets 22 are connected to the adjustment rotary shaft 21. The adjustment rotary shaft 21 enables the spreader adjustment assembly 2 to rotate circumferentially.

[0026] The top of the adjustment bracket 22 is equipped with a lifting ring 25, which can be connected to a crane. The other end of the adjustment bracket 22 is connected to a first connecting rod 24 via a radial rotating shaft 23. The other end of the first connecting rod 24 is connected to the adjustment rotating shaft 21 via an axial radial rotating assembly. The axial radial rotating assembly and the adjustment rotating shaft 21 are connected by a connecting shaft 26. The axial radial rotating assembly consists of a radial rotating shaft and an axial rotating shaft, which can achieve radial and axial angle changes.

[0027] The adsorption assembly 4 is mainly used for hoisting the front windshield of a tram, and is connected to the bottom plate 14 of the hoist main frame 1 through a buffer device 5. The adsorption assembly 4 and the buffer device 5 are detachable. They can be disassembled or installed according to the hoisting requirements of different components. The adsorption assembly 4 includes a suction cup group symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the suction cup group includes a group of suction cup bottom plates 44. The two ends of the suction cup bottom plates 44 are connected to an arc-shaped connecting rod 41 through a connecting shaft 45, and suction cups 42 are evenly distributed on the suction cup bottom plates 44; the suction cup bottom plate 44 on one side of the suction cup group is connected to the mounting plate 43, and the mounting plate 43 is connected to the connecting plate 54. The connecting shaft 45 and the arc-shaped connecting rod 41 are movably connected.

[0028] The buffer device 5 includes a base connected to the bottom plate 14. The base is provided with a drive motor 51. One end of the drive motor 51 is connected to a driven gear 53 located on one side via a drive gear 52. The driven gear 53 is connected to upper and lower lifting assemblies on both sides. The top of the upper and lower lifting assemblies is connected to the adsorption assembly 4 via a connecting plate 54. When the drive motor 51 is activated, it drives the driven gear 53 to rotate. When the upper and lower lifting assemblies are activated, they drive the adsorption assembly 4 connected to the connecting plate 54 to move up and down.

[0029] The vertical lifting assembly in this embodiment includes a driving rod 56 positioned within the driven gear 53. A driving link assembly is perpendicularly connected to each end of the driving rod 56, with the connecting plate 54 positioned atop the driving link assembly. The driving link assembly comprises a pair of pivotally connected driving links 561, each of which is provided with a gear 57 at its base. The gears on the driving links 561 mesh with each other. One side of the gear 57 is connected to a motor, which, when activated, causes the connecting plate 54 to move up and down. Of course, the lifting of the connecting plate 54 can also be driven by a pneumatic cylinder.

[0030] The clamping assembly 3 is connected to a guide rail assembly 31 mounted within the main frame 1 of the sling. The clamping assembly 3 comprises a set of clamping plates 32 mounted perpendicularly to the rail via a slider. A lifting cylinder 33 is mounted on the outside of the clamping plates 32. The top of the lifting cylinder 33 is connected to a fixed mounting rod 34 via a cylinder shaft. The clamping plates 32 move relative to the rail to clamp or release the product. The upper end of the clamping plates 32 is connected to a flip plate 35 via a flip mechanism 36. One side of the clamping assembly 3 is connected to an auxiliary fixing frame 6 via an up-and-down drive assembly. This auxiliary fixing frame 6 has a connection hole. When a component is placed on the auxiliary fixing frame 6, a rope can be passed through the connection hole to bind the component. The end of the fixed mounting rod 34 can be threaded and detachable. This means that when accessing the connection hole, the end is unscrewed and then screwed back on again, eliminating the need for a rope connection. The diameter of the end is larger than the diameter of the connection hole.

[0031] A deceleration flip motor 15 is provided at one end of the sling main frame 1, and the flip hook 11 is connected to the deceleration flip motor 15 via a shaft. When the deceleration flip motor 15 is working, it can drive the flip hook 11 to radially open or fold along the outer frame of the sling main frame 1. The support rod 12 is connected to the outside of the sling main frame 1 through the cylinder 13. The middle part of the support rod 12 is also connected to the sling main frame through a rotating shaft 121. When the cylinder 13 is working, the support rod 12 can be erected. In order to save space, the cylinder 13 is placed horizontally on the sling main frame 1.

[0032] To better understand the implementation principle of the present invention, the following is explained through specific applications: When used as a universal jack spreader, the spreader of the present invention can be used to lift different components. The following describes how the spreader of the present invention can be used as a bogie spreader and a pantograph spreader: Before use, the spreader is adjusted, and the electrical and pneumatic components are powered by the crane's built-in power supply. The deceleration motor 15 adjusts the tilting hook 11 to a level position with the spreader, and the suction assembly 4 is removed. At this point, the fixed mounting rods 34 on both sides of the clamping assembly 3 are in their initial retracted positions, and the support rods 12 are retracted. The clamping assembly 3 is in its maximum open position, with its two clamping plates 32 positioned at either end of the guide rail assembly to facilitate subsequent clamping operations.

[0033] When used as a bogie hoist, due to the relatively heavy weight of the vehicle bogie, a counterweight is required to balance the overall weight of the hoist by installing the suction assembly 4. The lifting cylinder 33 is operated to extend the fixed mounting rod 34, allowing the top end of the fixed mounting rod to pass through the connection hole of the bogie and be fixed at the bottom of the hole. This can be fixed directly by rope binding or by removing the top end of the fixed mounting rod from the connection hole.

[0034] And the bogie is carried out auxiliary clamping effect by the clamping assembly 3. When carrying, the main sling directly passes through the auxiliary lifting ring 17 on the four sides of the spreader, is then connected to the crane main hook, and can directly carry out lifting operation.

[0035] When used as a pantograph hanger, due to the unique shapes and sizes of pantographs, the hanger's auxiliary fixing frame 6 must first be lowered to secure the lower portion of the pantograph. The upper portion is then secured using the clamping assembly 3. Simultaneously, the left and right flip plates 35 of the clamping assembly 3 are flipped horizontally by a flip mechanism 36. Ropes are then passed through the circular holes in the flip plates 35 to secure the upper portion of the pantograph.

[0036] Other items such as traction boxes, auxiliary inverter boxes, brake resistor boxes, battery boxes, high-voltage boxes, driver's cab air conditioning units, passenger compartment air conditioning units, etc. can all be lifted using the above method. When the left and right flip plates 35 are flipped down, the goods placed on the pallet can also be lifted at the same time, simply by binding the pallet and the flip plates 35 together.

[0037] When the present invention is used as a special lifting device for a front windshield: First, install the suction assembly 4, roughly adjust the hoist adjustment assembly 2, and determine the number of adjustment brackets 22 to use. To facilitate the subsequent flipping of the glass, the present invention provides a flip positioning device. This device includes a positioning rod 7 and positioning wheels 71 connected to each end of the positioning rod 7. The spacing between the positioning wheels 71 matches the tram track. Furthermore, to prevent the positioning wheels 71 from rolling, the flip positioning device also includes stoppers 72. Before lifting, move the flip fixture to the corresponding position on the tram's front end, and use the stoppers 72 to position the positioning wheels 71.

[0038] The crane first connects to the six lifting rings 25 of the sling adjustment assembly. Two buffer devices 5 adjust the suction assembly 4 to the position corresponding to the glass to be installed on site. Then, the suction cups 42 on the suction assembly operate to absorb the glass. At this point, all connecting shafts 45 are free, and the vacuum suction cups 42 contact the glass, securing it to the suction assembly through suction. Since all shafts are free, the suction force allows the suction assembly to conform to the shape of the glass. The clamping assembly 3 is equipped with a clamping rubber gasket, which simultaneously provides auxiliary clamping of the rear end of the glass from both ends.

[0039] The glass is then hoisted to the corresponding position of the flip positioning device. The decelerated flip motor 15 slowly rotates the flip hook 11, connecting the hook at the front end of the flip hook 11 with the positioning rod 7. Then, according to the actual situation on site, three of the six lifting rings are loosened to prepare for the flip operation. The use of the flip positioning device can avoid the shaking of the lifting equipment during this process, which may cause safety problems during operation.

[0040] After the hook is connected to the positioning rod 7, the remaining three adjustment brackets 22 are free. The deceleration tilting motor 15 continues to rotate the tilting hook 11, connecting the crane's main lifting ring to the three lifting rings. At the same time, the crane operator performs a lifting operation on the crane's main lifting ring. The tilting hook 11 and the lifting mechanism lift the entire hoist into a vertical position. The open support rod 12 (i.e., the support rod 12 is perpendicular to the main hoist frame) connects to the front coupler of the tram to provide auxiliary support. When the entire hoist is adjusted to the approximate position for installing the front windshield, the buffer device 5 is used to fine-tune the suction assembly to the correct position for installing the glass. This is done until the windshield is installed.

[0041] The specific control of driving between devices in the present invention belongs to the software part and is not the focus of protection of the present invention, so it will not be described here.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] There are many specific application examples of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multifunctional hoist for tram, specially used for hoisting components during maintenance in tram, characterized by: The invention comprises a sling main frame (1), wherein a sling adjustment component (2) is provided on the back of the sling main frame (1), and an adsorption component (4) and a clamping component (3) are provided on the front of the sling main frame (1), wherein the adsorption component (4) is connected to the bottom plate (14) of the sling main frame (1) through a buffer device (5), and the clamping component (3) is connected to a guide rail component (31) mounted in the sling main frame (1), and a flip hook (11) and a support rod (12) are provided on the outside of the sling main frame (1), wherein the flip hook (11) is provided at the end of the clamping component, and the support rod (12) is provided at the end of the adsorption component.

2. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sling adjustment assembly (2) includes an adjustment rotating shaft (21) placed on a base plate (16), six adjustment brackets (22) are connected to the adjustment rotating shaft (21), a lifting ring (25) is provided at the top of the adjustment bracket (22), the other end of the adjustment bracket (22) is connected to the first connecting rod (24) through a radial rotating shaft (23), and the other end of the first connecting rod (24) is connected to the adjustment rotating shaft (21) through an axial radial rotating assembly.

3. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial radial rotation component is connected to the adjustment rotation shaft (21) via a connecting shaft (26).

4. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer device includes a base connected to a bottom plate (14), a driving motor (51) is provided on the base, one end of the driving motor (51) is connected to a driven gear (53) disposed on one side via a driving gear (52), upper and lower lifting assemblies are connected to both sides of the driven gear (53), and the top of the upper and lower lifting assemblies is connected to the adsorption assembly (4) via a connecting plate (54).

5. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driving main rod (56) is provided in the driven gear (53), and both ends of the driving main rod (56) are respectively vertically connected to a driving connecting rod group. A connecting plate (54) is provided on the top of the driving connecting rod group, and a buffer spring is provided in the middle of the driving connecting rod group.

6. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly (4) comprises a suction cup group symmetrically arranged on both sides, the suction cup group comprising a group of suction cup base plates, both ends of the suction cup base plates being connected to arc-shaped connecting rods (41) via connecting shafts, and suction cups (42) being uniformly distributed on the suction cup base plates; the suction cup base plate on one side of the suction cup group is connected to a mounting plate (43), and the mounting plate (43) is connected to a connecting plate (54).

7. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (3) comprises a group of clamping plates (32) vertically arranged on the slide rail via a slider, a lifting cylinder (33) is arranged on the outer side of the clamping plates (32), and the top of the lifting cylinder (33) is connected to a fixed mounting rod (34) via a cylinder shaft. The clamping plates (32) perform relative movement on the slide rail to achieve clamping or loosening of the product.

8. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer upper end of the clamping plate (32) is connected to a turnover plate (35) via a turnover mechanism (36).

9. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 8, characterized in that: A deceleration flip motor (15) is provided at one end of the sling main body frame (1), and the flip hook (11) is connected to the deceleration flip motor (15) via a shaft.

10. The multifunctional sling for trams according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the clamping assembly (3) is connected to an auxiliary fixing frame (6) via upper and lower driving assemblies, and a connecting hole is provided on the auxiliary fixing frame (6).

Images