Operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient air pressure control equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air purification, in particular to an operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient air pressure control equipment. The system comprises a local air supply module, an air return wall, gradient air pressure equipment, a frequency conversion fan and an air distribution module, wherein a filter module is arranged at an air inlet of the frequency conversion fan; the local air supply module is installed above an operating table and provided with a vertically-downward first air outlet and an obliquely-arranged second air outlet. Through the design of double air outlets of the local air supply module, the high cleanliness of an operation area is maintained, the basic cleanliness of a medical care area is maintained, the cross infection risk is reduced, meanwhile, the air volume distribution module dynamically adjusts the air volume according to the operation stage (incision stage / suture stage), energy waste caused by global uniform air supply is avoided, and the operation efficiency is improved. And a three-stage adjusting cabin structure of the gradient wind pressure equipment is used for preliminarily optimizing the air flow, so that the pressure difference fluctuation when the negative pressure in the operating room is adjusted is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air purification, and in particular to an operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and a gradient wind pressure control device. Background Art

[0002] The negative pressure purification air conditioning system in the operating room is a special air treatment system designed for infection control. It uses technical means to create a stable negative pressure environment in the operating room to ensure that polluted air does not leak out. At the same time, it combines high-efficiency filtration technology to ensure air cleanliness.

[0003] Most of the negative pressure purification air-conditioning systems in traditional operating rooms adopt a uniform control mode of full-area air supply, that is, the air supply module will evenly supply fresh air from the outside to the entire space in the operating room. Although this air supply mode can make the fresh air from the outside cover most areas of the operating room, the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system is large during the operation. In the process of maintaining negative pressure, the air-conditioning system sacrifices the air supply efficiency of the operating area for the cleanliness of the marginal medical area, resulting in the operating area that requires higher cleanliness having roughly the same cleanliness as the medical area. Medical staff may be at risk of infection by patients while performing surgery at the operating table. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient air pressure control equipment. The system maintains a high degree of cleanliness in the operating area and a basic degree of cleanliness in the medical area through the dual air outlet design of the local air supply module, thereby reducing the risk of cross infection. At the same time, the air volume distribution module dynamically adjusts the air volume according to the surgical stage to avoid energy waste of uniform air supply across the entire area. The three-stage adjustment cabin structure of the gradient air pressure equipment is used to preliminarily optimize the airflow and reduce the pressure difference fluctuation when adjusting the negative pressure in the operating room, thereby solving the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, namely:

[0005] The negative pressure purification air-conditioning system in the traditional operating room sacrifices the air supply efficiency of the operating area to ensure the cleanliness of the medical area, resulting in almost no difference in cleanliness between the operating area and the medical area, making it difficult to block the risk of intraoperative infection, and the energy consumption of the entire area air supply is high.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient wind pressure control equipment include a local air supply module, a return air wall, a gradient wind pressure device, a variable frequency fan and an air volume distribution module. The air inlet of the variable frequency fan is provided with a filter module; the local air supply module is installed above the operating table, and has a first air outlet vertically downward and a second air outlet arranged obliquely. The first air outlet is used to form a vertical laminar flow to the operating table area, and the second air outlet is used to guide pollutants to the return air wall; the return air wall is provided on the side wall where the exhaust duct is installed in the operating room, and is used to receive the The contaminated air flow guided by the second air outlet, the interior of the return air wall is provided with an exhaust sterilization module; the gradient air pressure device is connected to the exhaust sterilization module, for discharging the sterilized and filtered air flow and maintaining the negative pressure in the operating room; the air volume distribution module is used to dynamically distribute the air volume of the local air supply module and the variable frequency fan according to the stage of the operation; the gradient air pressure device includes a three-section regulating cabin, the three-section regulating cabin includes a first-level regulating cabin, a second-level regulating cabin and a third-level regulating cabin connected to each other by flanges, and a servo valve is provided between the first-level regulating cabin, the second-level regulating cabin and the third-level regulating cabin.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the dual air outlet design of the local air supply module can maintain a high level of cleanliness in the operating area and a basic level of cleanliness in the medical area, thereby reducing the risk of cross-infection. At the same time, the air volume distribution module dynamically adjusts the air volume according to the surgical stage (incision period / suturing period) to avoid energy waste due to uniform air supply across the entire area. The three-stage adjustment cabin structure of the gradient air pressure equipment preliminarily optimizes the airflow and reduces the pressure difference fluctuation when adjusting the negative pressure in the operating room.

[0008] On this basis, the operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system also includes a pressure sensing module, which includes multiple air pressure sensors. The multiple air pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the operating room door frame and the gradient air pressure equipment, for real-time detection of pressure difference changes; it also includes a control center, which is electrically connected to the air volume distribution module and the pressure sensing module, and is used to control the working status of the air volume distribution module and the gradient air pressure equipment according to the operation stage and pressure difference changes; after detecting the opening and closing of the operating room door, the pressure sensing module sends a signal to the control center to link the local air supply module, the gradient air pressure equipment and the variable frequency fan to quickly restore the negative pressure in the operating room; the exhaust sterilization module inactivates pathogens in the exhaust air by ultraviolet lamps and intercepts particles by self-cleaning filters.

[0009] In this technical solution, multiple air pressure sensors in the pressure sensing module are distributed at the door frame and the inlet and outlet of the gradient wind pressure device to monitor the pressure difference changes in the operating room in real time. At the same time, the control center connects the air volume distribution module and the pressure sensing module to control the local air supply module, gradient wind pressure device and variable frequency fan in conjunction with the operation stage and the pressure difference signal. After the operating room door is opened and closed, the system automatically speeds up to restore the negative pressure to prevent the leakage of pollutants.

[0010] In another technical solution, the first-level regulating cabin is connected to the end of the main return air duct of the operating room, and a Venturi accelerator is provided inside the first-level regulating cabin, and the Venturi accelerator accelerates the airflow passing through the first-level regulating cabin; the second-level regulating cabin includes a sudden expansion part and a vortex grille, the sudden expansion part is used to reduce the flow velocity and convert dynamic pressure into static pressure, and the vortex grille is provided in the exhaust direction of the sudden expansion part, which is used to suppress the sudden change of airflow inside the second-level regulating cabin; the third-level regulating cabin is provided with a guide cone, and the cone tip direction of the guide cone is opposite to the airflow direction, which is used to reduce the flow cross-section to accelerate the airflow; the servo valve dynamically adjusts the on and off states of the first-level regulating cabin, the second-level regulating cabin and the third-level regulating cabin according to the instructions of the air volume distribution module.

[0011] In this technical solution, the airflow is accelerated by the Venturi accelerator tube of the first-stage regulating cabin, significantly reducing the fan load; the expanded section of the second-stage regulating cabin converts dynamic pressure into static pressure, and combined with the vortex grille to suppress sudden changes in airflow, greatly reducing the fan energy consumption; the guide cone of the third-stage regulating cabin further accelerates exhaust by reducing the flow cross-section, reducing terminal energy consumption; the servo valve dynamically adjusts the on and off state of the third-stage regulating cabin according to the air volume demand, realizing adaptive pressure regulation.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient air pressure control equipment in the operating room use the dual air outlet design of the local air supply module to maintain a high level of cleanliness in the operating area and a basic level of cleanliness in the medical area, thereby reducing the risk of cross-infection. At the same time, the air volume distribution module dynamically adjusts the air volume according to the surgical stage (incision period / suturing period) to avoid energy waste from uniform air supply across the entire area. The three-stage adjustment cabin structure of the gradient air pressure equipment is used to preliminarily optimize the airflow and reduce pressure difference fluctuations when adjusting the negative pressure in the operating room.

[0014] 2. In the operating room's negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient wind pressure control equipment, the gradient wind pressure device accelerates the airflow through the Venturi accelerator tube of the first-stage regulating cabin, significantly reducing the fan load; the expanded section of the second-stage regulating cabin converts dynamic pressure into static pressure, and combined with the vortex grille to suppress sudden changes in airflow, greatly reducing fan energy consumption; the guide cone of the third-stage regulating cabin further accelerates exhaust by reducing the flow cross-section, reducing terminal energy consumption; the servo valve dynamically adjusts the on and off state of the third-stage regulating cabin according to the air volume demand, realizing adaptive pressure regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention located in an operating room;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic front view of the whole invention located in the operating room;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-section regulating cabin in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic side sectional view of the three-section regulating cabin in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is the overall workflow diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the air volume distribution module in the present invention distributing air volume.

[0021] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0022] 100. Local air supply module;

[0023] 200. Gradient wind pressure equipment;

[0024] 300, three-stage regulating cabin; 301, first-stage regulating cabin; 3011, Venturi accelerating tube; 302, second-stage regulating cabin; 3021, sudden expansion section; 3022, vortex grid; 303, third-stage regulating cabin; 3031, guide cone; 304, servo valve;

[0025] 400, return air wall;

[0026] 500, filtering module;

[0027] 600, variable frequency fan;

[0028] 700, air volume distribution module;

[0029] 800, pressure sensing module;

[0030] 900, control center;

[0031] 1000. Exhaust sterilization module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] At present, the negative pressure purification air conditioning system in the traditional operating room sacrifices the air supply efficiency of the operating area to ensure the cleanliness of the medical area, resulting in almost no difference in cleanliness between the operating area and the medical area, making it difficult to prevent the risk of intraoperative infection, and the energy consumption of the whole area air supply is high. The present invention provides an operating room negative pressure purification air conditioning system and gradient air pressure control equipment, see Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, it includes a local air supply module 100, a gradient wind pressure device 200, a variable frequency fan 600, an air volume distribution module 700, a pressure sensing module 800 and a control center 900. The air inlet of the variable frequency fan 600 is provided with a filter module 500, and the filter module 500 is used to filter the airflow entering the variable frequency fan 600.

[0034] Among them, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the local air supply module 100 is installed at a position 1.8-2.5m above the operating table, and its top can be connected to the indoor wall through an electrically controlled telescopic frame to achieve three-dimensional spatial adjustment of the working area of ​​the local air supply module 100. The local air supply module 100 is mainly composed of air supply equipment and a laminar pressure equalizing box. The air supply equipment is used to deliver fresh air from the outside. The air supply equipment is provided with two air outlets, one of which is vertically downward, and the other air outlet is obliquely arranged and faces the return air wall 400. A static pressure cavity is provided in the laminar pressure equalizing box to balance the flow rate of the gas delivered by the air supply equipment.

[0035] The vertically downward air outlet of the local air supply module 100 blows the fresh air downward to the operating table, thereby forming a vertical laminar flow covering the surgical incision area and carrying the pollutants downward. The fresh air blown out from the obliquely arranged air outlet transports the pollutants obliquely from the bottom of the operating room to the exhaust sterilization module 1000. After being filtered by the exhaust sterilization module 1000, it is discharged by the gradient wind pressure device 200. The local air supply module 100 can independently set a fan and filter assembly.

[0036] The gradient wind pressure device 200 is set in the exhaust duct in the operating room. It reduces the pressure difference fluctuation in the exhaust duct by converting the turbulent airflow into approximate laminar flow, and converts the airflow dynamic pressure into static pressure, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the exhaust duct fan.

[0037] See also Figure 6 As shown, the air volume distribution module 700 is used to receive electrical signals from the control center 900 and control the wind force of the variable frequency fan 600 and the local air supply module 100 through the electrical signals. The air volume distribution module 700 uses a multi-level processing architecture to achieve intelligent integration and decision support for the electrical signals of the control center 900. Among them, the wind force distribution of the variable frequency fan 600 and the local air supply module 100 is calculated using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Among them, Q total Indicates the total air volume in the operating room;

[0040] K s Represents the coefficient of the surgical stage, the incision period K s =1.2 (improve the cleanliness of the incision period), the suture period of the operation K s =0.8 (prioritize energy saving);

[0041] A core Indicates the area of ​​the surgical field;

[0042] Indicates the minimum wind speed to maintain ISO Class 5 cleanliness standards;

[0043] A bg Indicates the area of ​​the medical area;

[0044] Indicates the minimum wind speed that meets ISO Class 7 cleanliness standards;

[0045] 3600 is m 3 / s→m 3 Unit conversion factor of / h;

[0046] The specific processing flow of the air volume distribution module 700 is as follows: First, the operation phase signal of the control center 900 is analyzed in real time to determine the dynamic coefficient K s ; Then, the required air volume is accurately calculated through the above-mentioned decision formula, and a boundary safety check is performed; finally, air supply instructions are output to the local air supply module 100 and the variable frequency fan 600 respectively. At the same time, when the pressure sensing module 800 detects that the pressure in the operating room is too high, the air volume distribution module 700 will also send a signal to the servo valve 304 to control the gradient air pressure device 200 to exhaust air to the outside.

[0047] The pressure sensing module 800 includes high-precision sensors distributed at key locations such as the inlet and outlet of the gradient wind pressure device 200 and the operating room door frame. It captures millimeter-level pressure difference changes in real time, automatically adjusts the air valve opening, and links the fan speed to increase. After the operating room door is opened and closed, it is detected by the pressure sensing module 800 and an electrical signal is quickly sent to the control center 900, cooperating with the air volume distribution module 700 to quickly restore negative pressure to prevent virus leakage in the operating room.

[0048] The exhaust sterilization module 1000 first uses intelligent ultraviolet lamps to thoroughly inactivate pathogens, and then intercepts residual particles through a self-cleaning filter to reduce the viruses in the air discharged outdoors and prevent cross-infection between departments in the hospital.

[0049] Furthermore, a return air wall 400 is installed on one side of the wall where the exhaust duct is installed in the operating room. The return air wall 400 is a trapezoidal wall. It uses the sedimentation of the air in the operating room and the air supply direction of the local air supply module 100 to concentrate on capturing polluted particles and viruses in the air, and uses its internal exhaust sterilization module 1000 to sterilize and disinfect the polluted air. The sterilized gas is finally sent to the outside through the gradient wind pressure equipment 200.

[0050] The specific structure of the gradient wind pressure device 200 is disclosed below:

[0051] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the gradient wind pressure device 200 includes a three-section regulating cabin 300 arranged in the exhaust duct of the operating room. The three-section regulating cabin 300 includes a first-level regulating cabin 301, a second-level regulating cabin 302 and a third-level regulating cabin 303. The first-level regulating cabin 301, the second-level regulating cabin 302 and the third-level regulating cabin 303 are interconnected by flanges, and a servo valve 304 is provided at the connection between the three. The servo valve 304 opens and closes by receiving the signal from the air volume distribution module 700 to control the connection status between the first-level regulating cabin 301, the second-level regulating cabin 302 and the third-level regulating cabin 303.

[0052] Furthermore, the first-level conditioning cabin 301 is directly connected to the end of the main return air duct of the operating room, and a Venturi acceleration tube 3011 is provided inside the first-level conditioning cabin 301. The middle contraction rate of the Venturi acceleration tube 3011 is 60%. After the air flow passes through the Venturi acceleration tube 3011, it will be accelerated, thereby reducing the air flow pressure to -5Pa.

[0053] One end of the secondary regulating cabin 302 is a sudden expansion portion 3021. The sudden expansion portion 3021 reduces the flow rate of the gas flowing through it through the enlarged cross-section, thereby converting the dynamic pressure of the airflow into static pressure, and the pressure jumps to -10±0.5Pa, thereby reducing the power loss of the fan; the interior of the secondary regulating cabin 302 is also provided with a vortex grille 3022, which is arranged downstream of the sudden expansion portion 3021. It disperses the airflow evenly to form a stable turbulent field after dispersion, thereby effectively suppressing the airflow passing through the sudden expansion portion 3021 and avoiding excessive changes in air pressure.

[0054] The three-stage regulating cabin 303 serves as the terminal of the gradient wind pressure device 200 and is directly connected to the building exhaust main. A guide cone 3031 is provided inside the three-stage regulating cabin 303. The cone tip of the guide cone 3031 is facing in the opposite direction of the airflow direction. Its gradually reduced guide cross-section further accelerates the airflow velocity inside the three-stage regulating cabin 303, quickly discharges the gas to the outside, and further reduces the energy consumption of the fan.

[0055] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0056] When the pressure in the operating room changes, the control center 900 sends a signal to the air volume distribution module 700 according to the surgical stage (incision period / suturing period), dynamically adjusting the air volume of the local air supply module 100 and the variable frequency fan 600. At the same time, the pressure sensor module 800 monitors the pressure difference changes in real time and links the servo valve 304 to dynamically adjust the on / off status of the three-section regulating cabin 300 and the fan speed to ensure that the negative pressure environment is quickly stabilized, thereby reducing energy consumption and preventing the spread of pollution while ensuring cleanliness in different areas.

[0057] During the process of regulating the pressure within the operating room, the local air supply module 100 forms a vertical laminar flow in the operating area through its vertically downward air outlet, covering the incision area with ISO5 cleanliness and entraining pollutants downward. At the same time, the pollutants are directed to the return air wall 400 through the oblique air outlet. After sterilization and filtration by the exhaust sterilization module 1000, the polluted air enters the three-section regulating cabin 300 of the gradient air pressure device 200.

[0058] In the three-section regulating cabin 300, the airflow passes through the first-stage regulating cabin 301, the second-stage regulating cabin 302 and the third-stage regulating cabin 303 in sequence. When the airflow flows through the first-stage regulating cabin 301, the airflow is accelerated by the internal Venturi accelerating tube 3011, so that the pressure drops to -5Pa. Then, when the airflow passes through the second-stage regulating cabin 302, the sudden expansion part 3021 is used to expand the cross-section and reduce the flow rate, and the dynamic pressure is converted into static pressure (-10±0.5Pa). The vortex grille 3022 suppresses the sudden change of the airflow. Finally, when the airflow enters the third-stage regulating cabin 303, the airflow is further accelerated by the guide cone 3031 and discharged outdoors.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A negative pressure purification air conditioning system for an operating room, characterized by: It comprises a local air supply module (100), an air return wall (400), a gradient wind pressure device (200), a variable frequency fan (600) and an air volume distribution module (700), wherein a filter module (500) is provided at the air inlet of the variable frequency fan (600); The local air supply module (100) is installed above the operating table and has a first air outlet pointing vertically downward and a second air outlet arranged obliquely, the first air outlet being used to form a vertical laminar flow toward the operating table area, and the second air outlet being used to guide pollutants toward the return air wall (400); The return air wall (400) is arranged on a side wall of the operating room where the exhaust duct is installed, and is used to receive the contaminated airflow guided by the second air outlet. An exhaust sterilization module (1000) is arranged inside the return air wall (400); The gradient wind pressure device (200) is connected to the exhaust sterilization module (1000) and is used to discharge the sterilized and filtered airflow and maintain negative pressure in the operating room; The air volume distribution module (700) is used to dynamically distribute the air volume of the local air supply module (100) and the variable frequency fan (600) according to the surgical stage.

2. The negative pressure purification air conditioning system for operating rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure sensing module (800), which includes a plurality of air pressure sensors. The plurality of air pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the operating room door frame and the gradient wind pressure device (200) for detecting pressure difference changes in real time.

3. The negative pressure purification air conditioning system for operating rooms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The system further comprises a control center (900), which is electrically connected to the air volume distribution module (700) and the pressure sensing module (800) and is used to control the working states of the air volume distribution module (700) and the gradient air pressure device (200) according to the surgical stage and the pressure difference change.

4. The negative pressure purification air conditioning system for operating rooms according to claim 3, characterized in that: After detecting the opening and closing of the operating room door, the pressure sensing module (800) sends a signal to the control center (900) to link the local air supply module (100), the gradient air pressure device (200) and the variable frequency fan (600) to quickly restore the negative pressure in the operating room.

5. The negative pressure purification air conditioning system for operating rooms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust sterilization module (1000) inactivates pathogens in the exhaust air by using ultraviolet light to inactivate pathogens and a self-cleaning filter to intercept particles.

6. A gradient wind pressure control device, characterized by: It is applied to the negative pressure purification air conditioning system for an operating room described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a gradient wind pressure device (200), wherein the gradient wind pressure device (200) comprises a three-section regulating cabin (300), wherein the three-section regulating cabin (300) comprises a first-stage regulating cabin (301), a second-stage regulating cabin (302) and a third-stage regulating cabin (303) connected to each other by flanges, and a servo valve (304) is provided between the first-stage regulating cabin (301), the second-stage regulating cabin (302) and the third-stage regulating cabin (303).

7. The gradient wind pressure control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first-level conditioning cabin (301) is connected to the end of the main return air duct of the operating room, and a venturi acceleration tube (3011) is provided inside the first-level conditioning cabin (301), and the venturi acceleration tube (3011) accelerates the airflow passing through the first-level conditioning cabin (301).

8. The gradient wind pressure control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The secondary regulating cabin (302) comprises a sudden expansion portion (3021) and a vortex grid (3022). The sudden expansion portion (3021) is used to reduce the flow velocity and convert dynamic pressure into static pressure. The vortex grid (3022) is arranged in the exhaust direction of the sudden expansion portion (3021) and is used to suppress sudden changes in airflow inside the secondary regulating cabin (302).

9. The gradient wind pressure control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A guide cone (3031) is provided inside the three-stage regulating cabin (303), and the cone tip direction of the guide cone (3031) is opposite to the airflow direction, and is used to reduce the flow cross section to accelerate the airflow.

10. The gradient wind pressure control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The servo valve (304) dynamically adjusts the on / off states of the first-stage regulating cabin (301), the second-stage regulating cabin (302), and the third-stage regulating cabin (303) according to the instruction of the air volume distribution module (700).

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