A testing machine for precision sleeve parts and its usage method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of dimensional inspection technology, specifically referring to an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts and its usage method. It includes an inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism, a clamping and centering mechanism, a main frame, and loading / unloading components. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism comprises an inflatable component and an inner contour sensing component arranged in a ring. The inner contour sensing component is located outside the inflatable component. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism can inspect the inner wall dimensions of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve. This invention proposes an inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism that, through the uniform expansion of an elastic airbag after inflation, allows each sensor to quickly locate its corresponding position on the workpiece. Compared with traditional mechanical measurement, this significantly improves efficiency and ease of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dimensional inspection technology, specifically referring to an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] A socket is generally a tool used to rotate hexagonal bolts or nuts. Generally speaking, they have common specification classifications, so the precision requirements for sockets are not high in ordinary scenarios. However, for connection scenarios with high precision and strength requirements (such as aerospace), the sockets and nuts used not only have higher material requirements, but also higher dimensional accuracy requirements. If the socket size is slightly larger, the original surface contact will change into line contact, which will not only greatly reduce the torque transmission capability, but also easily cause damage to the edges of the socket or nut. Therefore, for such special application scenarios, it is also necessary to use a special testing machine to ensure the high precision of the products leaving the factory. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts and its usage method. A standard regular polygon has constant parameters such as side length, area of ​​the isosceles triangle connecting the vertex and the center, and total cross-sectional area. This solution utilizes this basic principle to quickly and synchronously judge the error between the product outline and the standard value from multiple dimensions by measuring the above parameters and comparing them with standard values, thereby providing a basis for judging the product's qualification.

[0004] Based on the above requirements, this invention proposes an inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism. By inflating the elastic airbag and expanding it uniformly, each sensor can be quickly located at the corresponding position on the workpiece. Compared with traditional mechanical measurement, it has significant improvements in efficiency and ease of operation.

[0005] In connection scenarios requiring high strength, large-size bolts are inevitably used. Therefore, the testing machine only needs to consider medium and large-size sleeve products during design, without needing to consider small-size sleeve products. This allows for a certain degree of relaxation in space constraints during the structural design of this product.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts, including an inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism, a clamping and centering mechanism, a main frame and a loading and unloading assembly. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism includes an inflatable assembly and an inner contour sensing assembly arranged in a ring. The inner contour sensing assembly is located outside the inflatable assembly. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism can detect the inner wall dimension of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve.

[0007] The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism is mounted on the clamping and centering mechanism, and both the clamping and centering mechanism and the loading and unloading assembly are mounted on the main frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping and centering mechanism includes a sliding clamping assembly and a clamping drive cylinder. The clamping drive cylinder is symmetrically arranged on the sliding clamping assembly, and the lateral position adjustment and clamping of the sleeve workpiece can be performed through the sliding clamping assembly.

[0009] For a standard regular polygon, its side length, the area of ​​the isosceles triangle connecting the vertex and the center, and the total cross-sectional area are all constant. Therefore, by measuring the above parameters and comparing them with standard values, we can determine the error between the product outline and the standard value, and provide a basis for judging the product's qualification.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding clamping assembly includes a clamping horizontal plate, the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism further includes a flange, the flange is provided with a protective sleeve, the protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the clamping horizontal plate, the inflatable assembly includes a rigid shell, the rigid shell is fixedly connected to the flange, the rigid shell is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is located in the protective sleeve.

[0011] The air pressure sensor can sense the air pressure in each rigid shell, and the total volume of the sleeve polygonal groove can be obtained by analyzing the readings of multiple rigid shells together.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inflation assembly further includes a pressure sensor and an elastic sheet. The pressure sensor is disposed in a rigid shell, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed to the side wall of the rigid shell, and a pressure sensor is provided at the end of the elastic sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the inner contour sensing component includes an elastic airbag, a tension sensor, and an elastic rope. The opening edge of the elastic airbag is sealed to the opening edge of the rigid shell. The pressure sensor abuts against the side wall of the elastic airbag. When the elastic airbag is inflated, it expands and adheres to the side wall of the sleeve. The tension sensor array is disposed on the inner wall of the elastic airbag. The tension sensors are connected by an elastic rope, and the tension sensor can sense the tension of the elastic rope.

[0014] The readings of the tension sensor can provide feedback on the degree of stretching of the elastic rope, thereby measuring the side length of the polygon. By comparing this measurement with the standard value, the passability of the side length can be determined.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding clamping assembly further includes a sliding guide rail, an arc-shaped clamping claw, and a return spring. The sliding guide rail is symmetrically arranged on the clamping horizontal plate, the arc-shaped clamping claw is symmetrically arranged on the sliding guide rail, and the return spring is arranged between the two arc-shaped clamping claws.

[0016] The two arc-shaped grippers move synchronously toward the center until they abut against the outer wall of the sleeve. This allows for both adjustment of the workpiece's horizontal position so that its central axis coincides with the central axis of the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism, and clamping and fixing the workpiece.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping drive cylinder is fixed to the clamping horizontal plate, and the telescopic part of the clamping drive cylinder and the arc-shaped gripper are provided with mutually cooperating ramps.

[0018] Furthermore, the main frame includes a base, a lifting module, and a turntable assembly. The lifting modules are evenly distributed in a ring on the base. The clamping horizontal plate is provided with a detection adapter plate. The clamping horizontal plate is fixed to the sliding plate of the lifting module through the detection adapter plate. The turntable assembly is located on the base.

[0019] The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism has a set of loading and unloading components on each side, which are used for loading and unloading respectively. Therefore, the three lifting modules can realize one detection cycle, and multiple workstations required for the detection cycle are evenly distributed in a ring on the entire turntable body.

[0020] Preferably, the turntable assembly includes a turntable bearing, a turntable body, and a turntable motor. The turntable bearing is located between the base and the turntable body. Square plates are evenly distributed in a ring on the turntable body. The number of square plates is equal to the number of lifting modules. The turntable motor is located on the base, and the rotating part of the base is connected to the turntable body.

[0021] Furthermore, the loading and unloading assembly includes an electromagnetic adsorption device and a loading and unloading transition plate. The loading and unloading transition plate is disposed on the slide plate of the lifting module, and the electromagnetic adsorption device is disposed in the loading and unloading transition plate.

[0022] This invention also proposes a method for using an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts, specifically including the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The turntable motor rotates the turntable body, thereby changing the workpiece position. The loading and unloading of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the workpiece position where the loading and unloading assembly is located. The electromagnetic adsorption device can achieve the adsorption and release of the workpiece.

[0024] Step 2: The inspection of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the station where the inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism and the clamping and centering mechanism are located. When the workpiece is transferred to this station, the inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism and the clamping and centering mechanism are lowered by the lifting module until the flange touches the upper edge of the sleeve. Then, the extension of the clamping drive cylinder brings the arc-shaped jaws on both sides closer to each other until the arc-shaped jaws touch the outer wall of the sleeve workpiece. At this time, the horizontal position of the workpiece can be adjusted and the workpiece can be clamped and fixed.

[0025] Step 3: Then, supply an equal amount of gas into each rigid shell through the external air valve. As the gas enters the rigid shell and the elastic air bladder, the elastic air bladder will expand. The side wall of the elastic air bladder will abut against the adjacent elastic air bladder, and the end wall of the elastic air bladder will stick to the side wall of the workpiece.

[0026] Step 4: Since the amount of gas supplied is known, the total volume of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve can be determined based on the pressure reading of the pressure sensor. Since each rigid shell is independent of the others, if the workpiece is a standard regular polygon and the center axis is in the correct position, the side wall of the elastic airbag will be on the same plane as the side wall of the rigid shell, and the pressure sensor will not show a reading. Conversely, if the pressure sensor shows a reading, it indicates that an elastic airbag has encroached on the space of an adjacent elastic airbag due to its own excessive internal air pressure.

[0027] Step 5: Since the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag are proportional, even if the specifications of the sleeve workpiece change, the end wall of the elastic airbag will still contact the side wall of the workpiece. Furthermore, the length of the elastic rope can reflect the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve. The tension sensor can provide feedback on the current length of the elastic rope. By comparing it with the standard value, the qualification of the side length can be determined.

[0028] Step Six: When the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve, the internal air pressure of the rigid shell, and the reading of the pressure sensor are all within a reasonable range, it indicates that the product's dimensional accuracy is qualified.

[0029] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0030] (1) For a standard regular polygon, its side length, the area of ​​the isosceles triangle connecting the vertex and the center, and the total cross-sectional area are all constant. Therefore, by measuring the above parameters and comparing them with the standard values, the error between the product outline and the standard value can be determined, providing a basis for judging the product's qualification.

[0031] (2) The air pressure in each rigid shell can be sensed by the air pressure sensor, and the total volume of the sleeve polygonal groove can be obtained by analyzing the readings of multiple rigid shells together.

[0032] (3) The reading of the tension sensor can provide feedback on the degree of stretching of the elastic rope, thereby measuring the side length of the polygon. By comparing it with the standard value, the qualification of the side length can be determined.

[0033] (4) The two arc-shaped grippers move synchronously toward the middle until they abut against the outer wall of the sleeve. This allows the horizontal position of the workpiece to be adjusted so that its central axis coincides with the central axis of the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism, and also allows the workpiece to be clamped and fixed.

[0034] (5) There is a set of loading and unloading components on each side of the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism, which are used for loading and unloading respectively. Therefore, the three lifting modules can realize one detection cycle. Multiple workstations required for detection cycles are evenly distributed in a ring on the entire turntable body. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view of an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts proposed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along section line AA;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line BB;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the section line CC;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts proposed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Exploded view of the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism and clamping centering mechanism;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point I;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of a section at point II;

[0044] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point III;

[0045] Figure 11 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a section at point IV;

[0046] Figure 12 for Figure 5 A magnified view of section V;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the workstation distribution of the present invention.

[0048] The components include: 1. Inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism; 2. Clamping and centering mechanism; 3. Main frame; 4. Loading and unloading assembly; 5. Inflatable assembly; 6. Internal contour sensing assembly; 7. Rigid shell; 8. Air pressure sensor; 9. Elastic sheet; 10. Elastic airbag; 11. Tension sensor; 12. Elastic rope; 13. Air inlet pipe; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Sliding clamping assembly; 16. Clamping drive cylinder; 17. Clamping horizontal plate; 18. Sliding guide rail; 19. Arc-shaped gripper; 20. Return spring; 21. Detection adapter plate; 22. Base; 23. Lifting module; 24. Turntable assembly; 25. Square plate; 26. Turntable bearing; 27. Turntable body; 28. Turntable motor; 29. ​​Electromagnetic adsorption device; 30. Loading and unloading adapter plate; 31. Protective sleeve; 32. Flange.

[0049] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the present invention proposes an inspection machine for precision sleeve parts, including an inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism 1, a clamping and centering mechanism 2, a main frame 3, and a loading and unloading assembly 4. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism 1 includes an inflatable assembly 5 and an inner contour sensing assembly 6 arranged in a ring. The inner contour sensing assembly 6 is located outside the inflatable assembly 5. The inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism 1 can inspect the inner wall dimension of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve.

[0053] The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism 1 is mounted on the clamping and centering mechanism 2, and both the clamping and centering mechanism 2 and the loading and unloading assembly 4 are mounted on the main frame 3.

[0054] The main frame 3 includes a base 22, a lifting module 23 and a turntable assembly 24. The lifting module 23 is evenly distributed in a ring on the base 22. The clamping horizontal plate 17 is provided with a detection adapter plate 21. The clamping horizontal plate 17 is fixed to the slide plate of the lifting module 23 through the detection adapter plate 21. The turntable assembly 24 is located on the base 22.

[0055] The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism 1 has a set of loading and unloading components 4 on each side, which are used for loading and unloading respectively. Therefore, the three lifting modules 23 can realize one detection cycle. Multiple workstations required for the detection cycle are evenly distributed in a ring on the entire turntable body 27.

[0056] The turntable assembly 24 includes a turntable bearing 26, a turntable body 27, and a turntable motor 28. The turntable bearing 26 is located between the base 22 and the turntable body 27. Square plates 25 are evenly distributed in a ring on the turntable body 27. The number of square plates 25 is equal to that of the lifting module 23. The turntable motor 28 is located on the base 22, and the rotating part of the base 22 is connected to the turntable body 27.

[0057] The loading and unloading assembly 4 includes an electromagnetic adsorption device 29 and a loading and unloading transition plate 30. The loading and unloading transition plate 30 is located on the slide plate of the lifting module 23, and the electromagnetic adsorption device 29 is located in the loading and unloading transition plate 30.

[0058] The clamping and centering mechanism 2 includes a sliding clamping assembly 15 and a clamping drive cylinder 16. The clamping drive cylinder 16 is symmetrically arranged on the sliding clamping assembly 15. The sliding clamping assembly 15 can adjust and clamp the sleeve workpiece laterally.

[0059] For a standard regular polygon, its side length, the area of ​​the isosceles triangle connecting the vertex and the center, and the total cross-sectional area are all constant. Therefore, by measuring the above parameters and comparing them with standard values, we can determine the error between the product outline and the standard value, and provide a basis for judging the product's qualification.

[0060] The sliding clamping assembly 15 includes a clamping horizontal plate 17. The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism 1 also includes a flange 32. A protective sleeve 31 is provided on the flange 32 and is fixedly connected to the clamping horizontal plate 17. The inflatable assembly 5 includes a rigid shell 7, which is fixedly connected to the flange 32. An air inlet pipe 13 is provided on the rigid shell 7 and is located in the protective sleeve 31.

[0061] The air pressure sensor 8 can sense the air pressure in each rigid shell 7, and the total volume of the sleeve polygonal groove can be obtained by analyzing the readings of multiple rigid shells 7 together.

[0062] The inflation assembly 5 also includes a pressure sensor 8 and an elastic sheet 9. The pressure sensor 8 is located in the rigid shell 7, one end of the elastic sheet 9 is fixed to the side wall of the rigid shell 7, and the end of the elastic sheet 9 is provided with a pressure sensor 14.

[0063] The inner contour sensing component 6 includes an elastic airbag 10, a tension sensor 11, and an elastic rope 12. The opening edge of the elastic airbag 10 is sealed to the opening edge of the rigid shell 7. The pressure sensor 14 abuts against the side wall of the elastic airbag 10. When the elastic airbag 10 is inflated, the elastic airbag 10 expands and adheres to the side wall of the sleeve. The tension sensor 11 is arrayed on the inner wall of the elastic airbag 10. The tension sensors 11 are connected to each other by the elastic rope 12. The tension sensor 11 can sense the tension of the elastic rope 12.

[0064] The reading of the tension sensor 11 can provide feedback on the degree to which the elastic rope 12 is stretched, thereby measuring the side length of the polygon. By comparing it with the standard value, the passability of the side length can be determined.

[0065] The sliding clamping assembly 15 also includes a sliding guide rail 18, an arc-shaped gripper 19, and a return spring 20. The sliding guide rail 18 is symmetrically arranged on the clamping horizontal plate 17, the arc-shaped gripper 19 is symmetrically arranged on the sliding guide rail 18, and the return spring 20 is arranged between the two arc-shaped grippers 19.

[0066] The two arc-shaped grippers 19 move synchronously toward the center until they abut against the outer wall of the sleeve, which can both adjust the horizontal position of the workpiece so that its central axis coincides with the central axis of the inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism 1, and clamp and fix the workpiece.

[0067] The clamping drive cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the clamping horizontal plate 17. The telescopic part of the clamping drive cylinder 16 and the arc-shaped gripper 19 are provided with mutually cooperating ramps.

[0068] like Figure 13 As shown, the three stations A, B, and C within the angle between the dotted and dashed lines represent the loading station, the inspection station, and the unloading station, respectively. These three stations form a group, and multiple groups are evenly distributed in a ring. The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of the workpiece's movement.

[0069] In practical use, the turntable motor 28 drives the turntable body 27 to rotate, thereby changing the work position of the workpiece. The loading and unloading of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the work position where the loading and unloading assembly 4 is located. The electromagnetic adsorption device 29 can realize the adsorption and release of the workpiece.

[0070] The inspection of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the station where the inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism 1 and the clamping and centering mechanism 2 are located. When the workpiece is transferred to this station, the inflatable internal dimension inspection mechanism 1 and the clamping and centering mechanism 2 are lowered by the lifting module 23 until the flange 32 abuts against the upper edge of the sleeve. Then, the extension of the clamping drive cylinder 16 brings the arc-shaped jaws 19 on both sides closer to each other until the arc-shaped jaws 19 abut against the outer wall of the sleeve workpiece. At this time, the horizontal position of the workpiece can be adjusted and the workpiece can be clamped and fixed.

[0071] Then, an equal amount of gas is supplied to each rigid shell 7 through an external air valve. As the gas enters the rigid shell 7 and the elastic air bladder 10, the elastic air bladder 10 will expand. The side wall of the elastic air bladder 10 will abut against the adjacent elastic air bladder 10, and the end wall of the elastic air bladder 10 will stick to the side wall of the workpiece.

[0072] Since the amount of gas supplied is known, the total volume of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve can be determined based on the pressure reading of the pressure sensor 8. Since each rigid shell 7 is independent of the others, if the workpiece is a standard regular polygon and the center axis is in the correct position, then the side wall of the elastic airbag 10 will be on the same plane as the side wall of the rigid shell 7, and the pressure sensor 14 will not show a reading. Conversely, if the pressure sensor 14 shows a reading, it indicates that an elastic airbag 10 has encroached on the space of an adjacent elastic airbag 10 due to its own excessive internal air pressure.

[0073] Since the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag 10 are proportional, even if the specifications of the sleeve workpiece change, the end wall of the elastic airbag 10 will still contact the side wall of the workpiece. Furthermore, the length of the elastic rope 12 can reflect the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve. The current length of the elastic rope 12 can be fed back by the tension sensor 11. By comparing it with the standard value, the qualification of the side length can be determined.

[0074] When the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve, the internal air pressure of the rigid shell 7, and the reading of the pressure sensor 14 are all within a reasonable range, it indicates that the dimensional accuracy of the product is qualified.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0076] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing machine for precision sleeve parts, characterized in that: The device includes an inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism (1), a clamping and centering mechanism (2), a main frame (3), and a loading and unloading assembly (4). The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism (1) includes an inflatable assembly (5) and an inner contour sensing assembly (6) arranged in a ring. The inner contour sensing assembly (6) is located outside the inflatable assembly (5). The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism (1) can detect the inner wall dimension of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve. The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism (1) is mounted on the clamping and centering mechanism (2), and the clamping and centering mechanism (2) and the loading and unloading assembly (4) are both mounted on the main frame (3); The clamping and centering mechanism (2) includes a sliding clamping assembly (15) and a clamping drive cylinder (16). The clamping drive cylinder (16) is symmetrically arranged on the sliding clamping assembly (15). The sliding clamping assembly (15) can adjust and clamp the sleeve workpiece laterally. The inflatable internal dimension detection mechanism (1) also includes a flange (32), on which a protective sleeve (31) is provided. The inflatable assembly (5) includes multiple rigid shells (7), which are fixed to the flange (32). Each of the rigid shells (7) is provided with an air inlet pipe (13), which is located in the protective sleeve (31). The inflation assembly (5) also includes a pressure sensor (8) and an elastic sheet (9). The pressure sensor (8) is located in each rigid shell (7). One end of the elastic sheet (9) is fixed to the side wall of each rigid shell (7). The end of the elastic sheet (9) is provided with a pressure sensor (14). The inner contour sensing component (6) includes an elastic airbag (10), a tension sensor (11), and an elastic rope (12). The opening edge of the elastic airbag (10) is sealed to the opening edge of the rigid shell (7). The pressure sensor (14) abuts against the side wall of the elastic airbag (10). When the elastic airbag (10) is inflated, the elastic airbag (10) expands and adheres to the side wall of the sleeve. The tension sensor (11) array is arranged on the inner wall of the elastic airbag (10). The tension sensors (11) are connected to each other by the elastic rope (12). The tension sensor (11) can sense the tension of the elastic rope (12).

2. The testing machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding clamping assembly (15) includes a clamping horizontal plate (17), and the protective sleeve (31) is fixed in the clamping horizontal plate (17).

3. The inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding clamping assembly (15) also includes a sliding guide rail (18), an arc-shaped clamp (19), and a return spring (20). The sliding guide rail (18) is symmetrically arranged on the clamping horizontal plate (17), the arc-shaped clamp (19) is symmetrically arranged on the sliding guide rail (18), and the return spring (20) is arranged between the two arc-shaped clamps (19).

4. The inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping drive cylinder (16) is fixed to the clamping horizontal plate (17), and the telescopic part of the clamping drive cylinder (16) and the arc-shaped gripper (19) are provided with mutually cooperating ramps.

5. The inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main frame (3) includes a base (22), a lifting module (23) and a turntable assembly (24). The lifting module (23) is evenly distributed in a ring on the base (22). The clamping horizontal plate (17) is provided with a detection adapter plate (21). The clamping horizontal plate (17) is fixed to the sliding plate of the lifting module (23) through the detection adapter plate (21). The turntable assembly (24) is located on the base (22).

6. The inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The turntable assembly (24) includes a turntable bearing (26), a turntable body (27), and a turntable motor (28). The turntable bearing (26) is located between the base (22) and the turntable body (27). Square plates (25) are evenly distributed in a ring on the turntable body (27). The number of square plates (25) and lifting modules (23) is equal. The turntable motor (28) is located on the base (22). The rotating part of the base (22) is connected to the turntable body (27).

7. The inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading and unloading assembly (4) includes an electromagnetic adsorption device (29) and a loading and unloading transfer plate (30). The loading and unloading transfer plate (30) is located on the sliding plate of the lifting module (23), and the electromagnetic adsorption device (29) is located in the loading and unloading transfer plate (30).

8. A method of using the inspection machine for precision sleeve parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The turntable motor (28) rotates the turntable body (27) to change the workpiece position. The loading and unloading of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the workpiece position of the loading and unloading assembly (4). The electromagnetic adsorption device (29) can achieve the adsorption and release of the workpiece. Step 2: The inspection of the sleeve workpiece is carried out at the station where the pneumatic internal dimension inspection mechanism (1) and the clamping and centering mechanism (2) are located. When the workpiece is transferred to this station, the pneumatic internal dimension inspection mechanism (1) and the clamping and centering mechanism (2) are lowered by the lifting module (23) until the flange (32) touches the upper edge of the sleeve. Then, the extension of the clamping drive cylinder (16) brings the arc-shaped jaws (19) on both sides closer to each other until the arc-shaped jaws (19) touch the outer wall of the sleeve workpiece. At this time, the horizontal position of the workpiece can be adjusted and the workpiece can be clamped and fixed. Step 3: Then, an equal amount of gas is supplied into each rigid shell (7) through the external air valve. As the gas enters the rigid shell (7) and the elastic air bladder (10), the elastic air bladder (10) will expand. The side wall of the elastic air bladder (10) will abut against the adjacent elastic air bladder (10), and the end wall of the elastic air bladder (10) will stick to the side wall of the workpiece. Step 4: Since the amount of gas supplied is known, the total volume of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve can be determined based on the pressure reading of the pressure sensor (8). Since each rigid shell (7) is independent of each other, if the workpiece is a standard regular polygon and the center axis is in the correct position, then the side wall of the elastic airbag (10) will be on the same plane as the side wall of the rigid shell (7), and the pressure sensor (14) will not show a reading. Conversely, if the pressure sensor (14) shows a reading, it means that an elastic airbag (10) has encroached on the space of the adjacent elastic airbag (10) because its internal air pressure is too high. Step 5: Since the expansion and contraction of the elastic airbag (10) are proportional, even if the specifications of the sleeve workpiece change, the end wall of the elastic airbag (10) will still contact the side wall of the workpiece. Furthermore, the length of the elastic rope (12) can reflect the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve. The tension sensor (11) can provide feedback on the current length of the elastic rope (12). By comparing it with the standard value, the qualification of the side length can be determined. Step 6: When the side length of the polygonal countersunk groove of the sleeve, the internal air pressure of the rigid shell (7), and the reading of the pressure sensor (14) are all within a reasonable range, it indicates that the product's dimensional accuracy is qualified.

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