Chest structure of a simulation dummy for blasting test and the simulation dummy

Abstract

The present invention discloses a chest structure of a simulated dummy for blasting tests, comprising a thoracic vertebrae assembly, wherein the thoracic vertebrae assembly comprises an upper thoracic vertebrae segment, a thoracic vertebrae elastic component, and a lower thoracic vertebrae segment connected sequentially from top to bottom; the thoracic vertebrae elastic component is capable of elastic deformation when subjected to vertical compression, and a thoracic vertebrae acceleration sensor group for collecting vertical acceleration information is provided on the upper thoracic vertebrae segment and / or the lower thoracic vertebrae segment. The present invention also discloses a simulated dummy for blasting tests, wherein the dummy comprises the chest structure of the simulated dummy for blasting tests, and further comprises a hip assembly disposed at the lower end of the chest structure, the hip assembly comprising an abdominal structure, a lumbar vertebrae assembly disposed at the rear side of the abdominal structure and connected to the lower end of the thoracic vertebrae assembly, the abdominal structure being provided with a limiting step that cooperates with the lower end structure of the thoracic vertebrae assembly. The simulated dummy of the present invention can serve as a real human substitute to undertake test tasks in places such as blasting tests and protective life-saving equipment tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of test dummies, and in particular relates to a chest structure of a dummy and a simulation dummy. Background Art

[0002] In the field of human safety assessment involving explosive impact environments, blast testing is a core method for verifying the safety performance of protective equipment or vehicles. One of the core goals of such testing is to accurately collect the dynamic response parameters of the simulated human body under explosive loads, especially various biomechanical parameters of injury. These parameters are key indicators for assessing the extent of injury that a real person may suffer and provide an important basis for optimizing protective design.

[0003] Currently, Hybrid III dummies have demonstrated significant advantages in automobile crash tests. The structure and response characteristics of various parts of their body are relatively close to the actual conditions of the human body during a collision. They can more accurately simulate the forces and movements of the human body at the moment of a car collision, providing a large amount of valuable data support for automobile safety design. In existing technologies, due to the lack of test dummies specifically for blasting scenarios, the industry often uses Hybrid III dummies for blasting tests.

[0004] However, the impact environment generated by the blast test is fundamentally different from that of the automobile collision test. Automobile collisions mainly generate impact forces along the direction of the vehicle's travel, while when the explosion impact acts on the target, it is often accompanied by significant vertical impact forces. The biomechanical characteristics of the existing Hybrid III dummy are mainly designed for the lateral impact of automobile collisions. When it is subjected to strong lateral and vertical composite impacts at the same time, it is difficult to accurately simulate the dynamic response and damage mechanism of the real human body under the coupling of multi-directional loads. In particular, the chest structure of the dummy is not equipped with relevant sensors for collecting vertical impact forces, and the thoracic spine structure is a rigid skeleton. It lacks the buffering function of the real human thoracic spine and cannot accurately simulate the stress conditions and energy absorption process of the thoracic spine under complex loads. This makes it difficult to truly reflect the potential risk of injury to the human body in an explosive environment, thereby reducing the reliability of the safety assessment results based on this data, and ultimately affecting the judgment of the actual safety performance and applicability of protective equipment or vehicle products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the existing Hybrid III dummies mentioned in the above background technology, and provide a chest structure for a blasting test dummy that is closer to the impact response characteristics of a real human body under simulated blasting test conditions and has accurate data collection, as well as a reusable simulation dummy for blasting tests that can serve as a substitute for a real human body to undertake test tasks in high-risk blasting tests, protective life-saving equipment testing, and other places.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0007] A chest structure for a simulated dummy used in blasting tests includes a thoracic spine assembly, the thoracic spine assembly comprising an upper thoracic vertebrae segment, a thoracic vertebrae elastic component, and a lower thoracic vertebrae segment connected sequentially from top to bottom; the thoracic vertebrae elastic component is capable of elastically deforming when subjected to vertical compression, and a thoracic vertebrae acceleration sensor group is provided on the upper thoracic vertebrae segment and / or the lower thoracic vertebrae segment for collecting vertical acceleration information. Through a segmented thoracic spine design combined with the thoracic vertebrae elastic component, the thoracic spine assembly not only has horizontal impact resistance but also highly simulates the cushioning and energy absorption functions of a real human thoracic spine. Under the multi-directional composite impact generated by an explosion, especially the critical vertical impact force, the fidelity of the biomechanical response of the dummy chest is significantly improved, more accurately recreating the stress and deformation conditions of the human body under blasting conditions, and providing more realistic test data. The configured thoracic vertebrae acceleration sensor group can accurately measure the vertical acceleration of the thoracic spine region, providing reliable data support for accurately assessing the risk of chest injury in blasting tests.

[0008] In the chest structure of the blast test dummy, the thoracic spine acceleration sensor group preferably includes an upper spine acceleration sensor located on one side of the upper thoracic vertebrae and a lower spine acceleration sensor located on one side of the lower thoracic vertebrae. This arrangement accurately captures vertical acceleration information at both the upper and lower thoracic spine positions, providing data support for in-depth analysis of the impact of vertical impact forces on the thoracic spine.

[0009] In the chest structure of the simulated dummy used for the above-mentioned blasting test, preferably, the thoracic vertebrae elastic component includes a thoracic vertebrae elastic block, an upper thoracic vertebrae connecting block attached to the upper end surface of the thoracic vertebrae elastic block, and a lower thoracic vertebrae connecting block attached to the lower end surface of the thoracic vertebrae elastic block, wherein the upper thoracic vertebrae connecting block is connected to the lower end of the upper thoracic vertebrae segment, and the lower thoracic vertebrae connecting block is connected to the upper end of the lower thoracic vertebrae segment. With this arrangement, the elastic properties of the thoracic vertebrae elastic block can simulate the buffering and deformation process of the human thoracic spine when impacted, while the upper and lower connecting blocks ensure the stable connection and force transmission between the various parts of the thoracic vertebrae assembly. Whether under vertical or lateral impact, the response of the dummy's chest structure can be closer to that of a real human body, thereby improving the authenticity and reliability of the simulation.

[0010] In the chest structure of the simulated dummy used in the above-mentioned blasting test, preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the thoracic vertebra elastic block are both provided with a first limiting mechanism, and the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block and the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block are respectively provided with a second limiting mechanism. The first limiting mechanism is adapted to the second limiting mechanism, and the cooperation of the two prevents relative rotation between the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block and the thoracic vertebra elastic block, and between the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block and the thoracic vertebra elastic block. Because the explosive impact load has the characteristics of multi-directionality, instantaneity, and high energy, it may generate strong torsional and lateral shear forces. The conventional connection of the thoracic vertebra elastic block is prone to relative rotation or lateral slippage. The first limiting mechanism and the second limiting mechanism are provided to prevent relative rotation between the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block and the thoracic vertebra elastic block, and between the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block and the thoracic vertebra elastic block, effectively resisting circumferential rotation torque, ensuring that the elastic block and the connecting block do not rotate or deflect laterally during the impact process, maintaining the accuracy of the force transmission path, and preventing measurement distortion caused by structural slippage.

[0011] In the chest structure of the simulated dummy for the above-mentioned blasting test, preferably, the thoracic vertebra assembly also includes a neck connector provided at the upper end of the upper thoracic vertebra segment, and a thoracic vertebra base provided at the lower end of the lower thoracic vertebra segment; the upper thoracic vertebra segment, the neck connector and the upper thoracic vertebra connection block together form an upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber; the lower thoracic vertebra segment, the lower thoracic vertebra connection block and the thoracic vertebra base together form a lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber; a chest center of mass three-axis acceleration sensor is provided in the upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber, and a thoracic vertebra force sensor is provided in the lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber. The existing thoracic spine skeleton is usually in the form of a frame with an opening on the front side. The sensor for collecting thoracic spine data is inserted into the thoracic spine skeleton frame through the front opening. Under the action of frontal impact load, the energy absorption performance of the chest structure is relatively weak, the sensor collects inaccurate data, and is easily damaged, affecting the performance of the dummy in the test. This setting greatly enhances the strength and stability of the thoracic spine structure by designing the upper thoracic spine segment and the lower thoracic spine segment into a complete, closed and solid whole. The chest center of mass three-axis acceleration sensor and the thoracic spine force sensor are completely encapsulated inside the thoracic spine, effectively protecting the built-in data acquisition equipment, avoiding the risk of sensor damage in complex impact environments, and ensuring the continuity and reliability of data acquisition.

[0012] In the chest structure of the simulated dummy used in the blasting test, preferably, the neck connector is provided with a hoisting hole. At the blasting test site, the dummy usually needs to be placed in a specific position and posture. The hoisting hole allows workers to easily lift the dummy using hoisting equipment and accurately place it. However, existing hoisting holes are mostly located on the head. Due to the heavy body of the dummy, the neck is subjected to large tensile and shear forces during hoisting, which can easily damage the neck structure. By locating the hoisting hole at the upper end of the thoracic spine, the stress on the neck structure is avoided, extending the service life of the dummy's neck component.

[0013] In the chest structure of the aforementioned blast test dummy, preferably, the upper thoracic vertebrae, lower thoracic vertebrae, and the front of the thoracic vertebrae base are each provided with a forward-protruding sternal elastic block. The sternal elastic block protrudes from the front of the chest. When impacted, it is the first to contact the impact source, acting as a buffer, effectively reducing the impact force transmitted to the chest cavity. This more accurately simulates the mechanical response of the human chest under impact, providing a more reliable basis for analyzing human injury mechanisms and evaluating the effectiveness of protective equipment.

[0014] The chest structure of the simulated dummy for the blasting test preferably further includes a rib assembly arranged around the thoracic vertebrae assembly, wherein the rib assembly includes a rib assembly composed of a plurality of bionic ribs arranged in an arranged manner, and an upper limit plate and a lower limit plate are provided on the left and right sides of the thoracic vertebrae assembly for limiting the vertical displacement of the rib assembly, wherein the upper limit plate is provided at the upper end of the rib assembly, and the lower limit plate is provided at the lower end of the rib assembly. Through the limiting action of the upper limit plate and the lower limit plate, the vertical displacement of the rib assembly under vertical impact loads can be effectively controlled, thereby enhancing the strength and rigidity of the simulated dummy's chest structure, avoiding damage to the simulated dummy's chest structure or inaccurate data collection due to excessive deformation or displacement of the ribs, and helping to maintain the integrity and stability of the rib assembly, ensuring that reliable biomechanical data can be continuously and stably collected during the test.

[0015] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a simulated dummy for blasting test, which includes the chest structure of the simulated dummy for blasting test, and also includes a hip assembly arranged at the lower end of the chest structure, the hip assembly includes an abdominal structure, a lumbar vertebra assembly arranged on the rear side of the abdominal structure and connected to the lower end of the thoracic vertebra assembly, and a pelvic skeleton connected to the lumbar vertebra assembly, the abdominal structure is provided with a limiting step that cooperates with the lower end structure of the thoracic vertebra assembly, the lumbar vertebra assembly includes a vertically arranged lumbar vertebral canal, and the abdominal structure is provided with an avoidance groove that fits the lumbar vertebral canal. There is often a large assembly gap between the existing abdominal structure, the lower end of the chest structure and the lumbar assembly, which causes large relative shaking between the components due to the excessive assembly gap. By setting a limiting step on the abdominal structure that matches the lower end structure of the thoracic assembly, the limiting function of the lumbar assembly can be effectively achieved. At the same time, the avoidance groove can also effectively limit the lumbar assembly that fits with it. The connection between the components is tight and stable, which is closer to the anatomical structure and mechanical properties of the real human body, and the injury assessment of the waist and abdomen is more accurate. This setting can also guide the accurate alignment of the components during the assembly process, thereby improving the assembly accuracy.

[0016] In the aforementioned blast test simulation dummy, the pelvic skeleton is preferably provided with iliac skeletons on either side, each equipped with iliac force sensors. Compared to existing designs that rely solely on skin support, the iliac skeletons significantly enhance the structural strength of the pelvic region. Furthermore, the iliac force sensors enable direct measurement of the compressive force exerted by the seatbelt on the dummy, providing accurate data support for the performance evaluation of the seatbelt restraint system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention adopts a segmented thoracic spine design and combines it with a thoracic spine elastic component, so that the thoracic spine assembly can not only have horizontal impact resistance but also highly simulate the buffering and energy absorption functions of the real human thoracic spine. Under the multi-directional composite impact generated by the explosion, especially the key vertical impact force, the biomechanical response fidelity of the dummy's chest is significantly improved, and the stress and deformation of the human body in the blasting environment are more accurately restored, which can provide test data that is closer to reality. The configured thoracic spine acceleration sensor group can accurately measure the vertical acceleration of the thoracic spine area, providing reliable data support for accurately assessing the risk of chest injury under blasting tests. The simulated dummy of the present invention can serve as a substitute for a real human body to undertake test tasks in high-risk blasting tests, protective life-saving equipment tests and other places, and is reusable, saving testing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A front view of a standing simulated dummy for a blasting test according to an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a left side view of a standing simulated dummy for a blasting test according to an embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a simulated dummy in a sitting position for a blasting test according to an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic exploded view of the chest structure of the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 is a side sectional view of the thoracic vertebra assembly of an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 An exploded schematic diagram of the thoracic vertebra assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 7 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the thoracic vertebra elastic component structure of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 8 An exploded schematic diagram of the rib assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 9 An exploded schematic diagram of the shoulder assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 10 An exploded schematic diagram of the buttocks assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 11 is a side cross-sectional view of a hip assembly of an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the abdominal structure of the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the pelvic skeleton of an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 14 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the head assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 15 An exploded schematic diagram of the neck assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 16 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the neck skeleton structure of the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 17 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the arm assembly structure of the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 18 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the leg assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the calf assembly and foot assembly of the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 20 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the lower leg assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 21 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the calf elastic component structure of an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 22 An exploded schematic diagram of the ankle joint connector structure of an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 23 An exploded schematic diagram of the foot assembly structure of an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 24Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the foot assembly of the embodiment;

[0044] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the knee assembly structure of the embodiment.

[0045] Legend

[0046] 1. Chest structure; 11. Thoracic vertebrae assembly; 111. Upper thoracic vertebrae segment; 1111. Upper thoracic vertebrae sealed chamber; 1112. Chest center of mass triaxial accelerometer; 112. Thoracic vertebrae elastic assembly; 1121. Upper thoracic vertebrae connecting block; 1122. Thoracic vertebrae elastic block; 1123. Lower thoracic vertebrae connecting block; 1124. Connecting cable; 113. Lower thoracic vertebrae segment; 1131. Lower thoracic vertebrae sealed chamber; 1132. Thoracic vertebrae force sensor; 114. Thoracic vertebrae accelerometer group; 1141. Upper spine accelerometer; 1142. Lower spine accelerometer; 1143. Middle spine accelerometer; 115. Neck connector; 1151. Lifting hole; 116. Thoracic vertebrae base; 1161. Chest displacement sensor; 117. Sternum elastic block; 118. Upper limit plate; 119. Lower limit plate; 12. Rib assembly; 121. Rib assembly; 122. Rib-sternum connecting plate; 123. Anterior sternum block; 1231. Chest acceleration sensor; 124. Posterior sternum block; 125. Back support plate; 13. Shoulder assembly; 131. Clavicle skeleton; 132. Shoulder buffer block; 133. Scapula skeleton; 134. Shoulder connector; 14. Chest skin; 2. Hip assembly; 21. Abdominal structure; 211. Limit step; 212. Avoidance groove; 22. Lumbar assembly; 221. Lumbar spinal canal; 222. Lumbar base; 223. Lumbar force sensor; 224. Lumbar connecting plate; 23. Pelvic skeleton; 231. Ilium skeleton ; 232, iliac force sensor; 233, hip triaxial acceleration sensor; 24, hip skin; 3, head assembly; 31, skull skeleton; 32, head skin; 33, head triaxial acceleration sensor; 34, upper neck force sensor; 4, neck assembly; 41, neck joint; 411, neck rubber block; 42, neck skeleton; 421, skeleton upper pad; 422, cervical intervertebral disc; 423, skeleton lower pad; 424, neck rubber piece; 43, neck adjustment frame; 44, neck steel cable; 45, neck upper pad; 46, neck lower pad; 5, arm assembly; 51, upper arm assembly; 511, arm first connecting piece; 52, lower arm assembly; 521, arm second connecting piece; 53, hand assembly; 531. Arm third connector; 6. Leg assembly; 61. Thigh assembly; 611. Femoral skeleton; 612. Thigh skeleton; 613. Hip skin; 614. Thigh skin; 615. Thigh force sensor; 62. Knee assembly; 621. Knee skeleton; 622. Knee slider; 623. Knee pull-wire displacement sensor; 624. Knee skin; 625. Knee embedded rubber; 63. Calf assembly; 631. Tibial skeleton; 6311. Tibial tube; 6312. Calf elastic component; 63121. Upper connector; 63122. Lower connector; 63123. Rubber sleeve; 63124. Columnar member; 632. Knee joint connector; 6321. Knee joint plate; 6322. Knee joint connecting piece;6323, first pivot center; 633, ankle joint connector; 6331, ankle skeleton; 6332, ankle rotation axis; 6333, second pivot center; 634, calf sensor assembly; 6341, calf triaxial accelerometer; 6342, upper tibia force sensor; 6343, lower tibia force sensor; 635, calf skin; 64, foot assembly; 641, sole plate; 642, foot sensor assembly; 6421, foot triaxial accelerometer; 6422, heel accelerometer; 643, foot pad; 644, foot skin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more comprehensive and detailed form below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0048] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with" another element, it can be directly fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with the other element, or it can be indirectly fixed, fixed, connected or communicated with the other element through other intermediate connectors.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0051] Example:

[0052] like Figures 1 to 25 As shown, the chest structure 1 of the simulated dummy for blasting test of this embodiment includes a thoracic vertebra assembly 11, which includes an upper thoracic vertebra segment 111, a thoracic vertebra elastic component 112 and a lower thoracic vertebra segment 113 connected in sequence from top to bottom; the thoracic vertebra elastic component 112 can generate elastic deformation when subjected to vertical compression, and a thoracic vertebra acceleration sensor group 114 for collecting vertical acceleration information is provided on the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111 and / or the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113.

[0053] In this embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the thoracic vertebra acceleration sensor group 114 includes an upper spine acceleration sensor 1141 located on one side of the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111, and a lower spine acceleration sensor 1142 located on one side of the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113. The thoracic vertebra acceleration sensor group 114 also includes a middle spine acceleration sensor 1143 located on one side of the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113. The middle spine acceleration sensor 1143 is located at a position near the thoracic vertebra elastic component 112 in the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113, and the middle spine acceleration sensor 1143 is located at a lower position of the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113 so as to respectively collect acceleration data at the upper, middle and lower positions of the spine. In other embodiments, the number and position of acceleration sensors for collecting vertical acceleration data of the spine can be set in the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111 and / or the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113 according to specific test requirements.

[0054] In this embodiment, specifically, the upper spine acceleration sensor 1141, the middle spine acceleration sensor 1143, and the lower spine acceleration sensor 1142 are horizontally mounted on the upper thoracic vertebrae 111 and the lower thoracic vertebrae 113, respectively, via an L-shaped connector. Specifically, the acceleration sensors are mounted on the transverse plate of the L-shaped connector, which provides a stable mounting platform for acceleration sensors that need to be mounted horizontally to acquire vertical acceleration data. In other embodiments, depending on actual experimental requirements, acceleration sensors can be mounted on the vertical plate of the L-shaped connector to increase the amount of horizontal acceleration data acquired from the spine.

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the thoracic vertebra elastic component 112 includes a thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122, an upper thoracic vertebra connecting block 1121 attached to the upper end surface of the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122, and a lower thoracic vertebra connecting block 1123 attached to the lower end surface of the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122. The upper thoracic vertebra connecting block 1121 is connected to the lower end of the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111, and the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block 1123 is connected to the upper end of the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113.

[0056] In this embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces of the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122 are provided with a first limiting mechanism, and the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block 1121 and the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block 1123 are respectively provided with a second limiting mechanism. The first limiting mechanism is adapted to the second limiting mechanism, and the cooperation between the two makes it impossible for the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block 1121 and the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122, as well as the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block 1123 and the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122 to rotate relative to each other.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first limiting mechanism is a cross-shaped protrusion, and the second limiting mechanism is a cross-shaped groove that matches the shape of the cross-shaped protrusion. A connecting steel cable 1124 is inserted into the cross-shaped protrusion and the cross-shaped groove, and the connecting steel cable 1124 is used to achieve a vertical and stable connection between the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122 and the upper and lower connecting blocks. The cross-shaped protrusion and the cross-shaped groove cooperate with each other to effectively prevent the elastic block from horizontally displacing between the connecting blocks, thereby achieving a horizontal and stable connection between the thoracic vertebra elastic block 1122 and the upper and lower connecting blocks. In other embodiments, the first limiting mechanism can also be other non-cylindrical and / or non-annular protrusions, and the second limiting mechanism can be a groove that matches the shape of the protrusion.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the thoracic vertebra assembly 11 also includes a neck connector 115 provided at the upper end of the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111, and a thoracic vertebra base 116 provided at the lower end of the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113; the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111, the neck connector 115, and the upper thoracic vertebra connection block 1121 enclose an upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber 1111; the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113, the lower thoracic vertebra connection block 1123, and the thoracic vertebra base 116 enclose a lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber 1131; a chest center of mass triaxial acceleration sensor 1112 is provided in the upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber 1111, and a thoracic vertebra force sensor 1132 is provided in the lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber 1131. A chest displacement sensor 1161 is provided on the front side of the thoracic vertebra base 116. In this embodiment, the front and rear directions correspond to the front and back of the dummy, respectively, and the left and right sides correspond to the left and right hands, respectively.

[0059] In this embodiment, the frame structure of the upper thoracic vertebrae 111 is tilted slightly forward, allowing the thoracic vertebrae assembly 11 to more closely align with the physiological curvature of the human spine. A thoracic center of mass triaxial acceleration sensor 1112 is affixed to the upper thoracic connection block 1121, while a thoracic force sensor 1132 is affixed to the thoracic base 116. This allows the sensor 1132 to be easily withdrawn from the lower end of the thoracic base 116, facilitating installation and removal.

[0060] In this embodiment, a hanging hole 1151 is provided on the neck connection piece 115 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the front sides of the upper thoracic vertebra segment 111 , the lower thoracic vertebra segment 113 and the thoracic vertebra base 116 are all provided with a sternum elastic block 117 protruding forward.

[0062] In this embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, it also includes a rib assembly 12 arranged around the thoracic vertebrae assembly 11. The rib assembly 12 includes a rib assembly 121 composed of a plurality of bionic ribs. The left and right sides of the thoracic vertebrae assembly 11 are provided with an upper limit plate 118 and a lower limit plate 119 for limiting the vertical displacement of the rib assembly 121. The upper limit plate 118 is provided at the upper end of the rib assembly 121, and the lower limit plate 119 is provided at the lower end of the rib assembly 121.

[0063] In this embodiment, the rib assembly 12 also includes a rib-sternum connecting plate 122 disposed on the front side of the rib assembly 121. An anterior sternum block 123 is attached to the front side of the rib-sternum connecting plate 122, and a posterior sternum block 124 is correspondingly disposed on the rear side of the rib assembly 121. A back support plate 125 is disposed on the rear side of the rib assembly 121. Three chest acceleration sensors 1231 for collecting horizontal chest acceleration data are vertically attached to the anterior sternum block 123. Vertical slots are provided in the rib-sternum connecting plate 122 and the posterior sternum block 124 to limit and protect the chest displacement sensor 1161. The displacement element of the chest displacement sensor 1161 can move up and down within these vertical slots.

[0064] In this embodiment, the chest structure 1 further includes a shoulder assembly 13 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the thoracic vertebra assembly 11 , and a chest skin 14 surrounding the rib assembly 12 .

[0065] In this embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the shoulder assembly 13 includes a clavicle frame 131 connected to one side of the upper thoracic vertebrae segment 111 , and a shoulder buffer block 132 , a scapula frame 133 and a shoulder connector 134 that are sequentially connected to the clavicle frame 131 .

[0066] The blasting test in this embodiment uses a simulation dummy, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it can be used in test sites such as blasting tests, protective life-saving equipment tests and vehicle collision tests. It can sit and stand like a real human body. The dummy skeleton is made of metal, the skin material is made of polyethylene, and the filling material is foamed polyurethane.

[0067] The blasting test in this embodiment uses a simulation dummy, such as Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the dummy includes a chest structure 1, a simulated dummy for blasting tests, and a hip assembly 2 located at the lower end of the chest structure 1. The hip assembly 2 includes an abdominal structure 21, a lumbar assembly 22 located behind the abdominal structure 21 and connected to the lower end of the thoracic vertebrae assembly 11, and a pelvic skeleton 23 connected to the lumbar assembly 22. The abdominal structure 21 is provided with a stopper step 211 that mates with the lower end structure of the thoracic vertebrae assembly 11. The lumbar assembly 22 includes a vertically arranged lumbar canal 221. The abdominal structure 21 is provided with an avoidance groove 212 that fits the lumbar canal 221. The abdominal structure 21 is molded from polyurethane and PVC materials, and its softness is basically the same as that of the human abdomen.

[0068] In this embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, the lumbar assembly 22 also includes a lumbar connection plate 224 connected to the lower end of the thoracic assembly 11, a lumbar canal 221 located at the lower end of the lumbar connection plate 224, a lumbar force sensor 223 located at the lower end of the lumbar canal 221, and a lumbar base 222 located at the lower end of the lumbar force sensor 223. The connection is made via a lumbar steel cable, and the torque is 1.24±0.1 N·m.

[0069] In this embodiment, the pelvic skeleton 23 is provided with iliac skeletons 231 on both sides, and iliac force sensors 232 are provided on the iliac skeleton 231. A hip triaxial acceleration sensor 233 is provided on the back of the pelvic skeleton 23; and the pelvic skeleton 23 is covered with hip skin 24.

[0070] In this embodiment, Figure 14 As shown, the thorax structure 1 also includes a head assembly 3, which is mounted on the upper end of the thorax structure 1. The head assembly 3 comprises a skull frame 31 and a head skin 32 covering the skull frame 31. The skull frame 31 and the head skin 32 are each provided with a back cover. A triaxial head acceleration sensor 33 and an upper neck force sensor 34 are housed within the skull frame 31. The skull frame 31 is made of aluminum, and the head skin 32 incorporates ears, in addition to the eyes, nose, and mouth of the Hybrid III dummy.

[0071] In this embodiment, Figure 15 As shown, the dummy also includes a neck assembly 4 disposed between the chest structure 1 and the head assembly 3. The neck assembly 4 comprises a neck joint 41 connected to the head assembly 3, a neck frame 42 disposed at the lower end of the neck joint 41, and a neck adjustment frame 43 disposed at the lower end of the neck frame 42. A neck cable 44 is threaded through the neck frame 42, and the upper end of the neck cable 44 is spherically connected to the neck joint 41. Adjusting the tightness of the neck cable 44 allows for flexible adjustment of the stiffness of the neck frame 42. The dummy's neck torque is 1.36±0.27 N·m.

[0072] In this embodiment, specifically, Figure 16 As shown, a neck rubber block 411 is provided between the neck joint 41 and the head assembly 3; a neck upper pad 45 is provided at the upper end of the neck frame 42, and a neck lower pad 46 is provided at the lower end thereof. The neck frame 42 includes a frame upper pad 421, three neck intervertebral discs 422, and a frame lower pad 423, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. They are placed in the mold in sequence and the neck rubber part 424 is cast by the mold for molding; the neck intervertebral disc 422 is provided with four through holes for connecting the neck rubber part 424 to ensure the rigidity of the neck frame 42.

[0073] In this embodiment, specifically, the neck connector 115 is further provided with meshing teeth for adjusting the neck angle, and the neck adjustment frame 43 is provided with tooth grooves that match the meshing teeth.

[0074] In this embodiment, Figure 17 As shown, it also includes an arm assembly 5 arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the chest structure 1 and connected to the shoulder assembly 13. The arm assembly 5 includes an upper arm assembly 51, a lower arm assembly 52 and a hand assembly 53 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The upper arm assembly 51 can rotate around the shoulder assembly 13 through the first arm connecting member 511, the lower arm assembly 52 can rotate around the upper arm assembly 51 through the second arm connecting member 521, and the hand assembly 53 can rotate around the lower arm assembly 52 through the third arm connecting member 531. Each joint is padded with a protective pad, and the tightness can be adjusted.

[0075] In this embodiment, Figure 18 As shown, it also includes a leg assembly 6 connected to the hip assembly 2, and the leg assembly 6 includes a thigh assembly 61, a knee assembly 62, a calf assembly 63, and a foot assembly 64 that are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

[0076] In this embodiment, thigh assembly 61 includes, from top to bottom, a femoral frame 611, a thigh frame 612, a thigh force sensor 615, and hip skin 613 and thigh skin 614, which are sequentially wrapped around femoral frame 611 and thigh frame 612. Thigh force sensor 615 is connected to knee assembly 62. A femoral cushion is provided on femoral frame 611 for energy absorption.

[0077] In this embodiment, Figure 19As shown, the shank assembly 63 includes a knee joint connector 632 connected to the knee assembly 62, an ankle joint connector 633 connected to the foot assembly 64, and a tibial frame 631 disposed between the knee joint connector 632 and the ankle joint connector 633. The tibial frame 631 is provided with a shank sensor group 634 for collecting shank force and motion data. The tibial frame 631 is disposed vertically, and a first pivot center 6323 of the knee joint connector 632 and a second pivot center 6333 of the ankle joint connector 633 are both located on a straight line that coincides with the central axis of the tibial frame 631. The shank assembly 63 also includes a shank skin 635 that is sleeved over the tibial frame 631. This setting ensures that the vertical impact force in the blasting test can be transmitted efficiently and directly along the central axis of the tibial skeleton 631, forming a straight vertical force transmission path, avoiding force loss or directional deviation in the transmission path, and eliminating local stress concentration caused by the tilted structure. It not only improves the stability of joint movement, but also optimizes the force transmission path, significantly improving the sensitivity and authenticity of the movement response of the dummy's lower limbs when subjected to vertical impact force. The calf sensor group 634 can accurately capture the most critical calf axial force data, thereby better meeting the specific needs of assessing the risk of lower limb injury to the human body under explosive impact environment, and at the same time meeting the special working conditions requirements of the blasting test that require the lower limbs to maintain an upright posture.

[0078] In this embodiment, Figure 20 As shown, the tibial skeleton 631 includes a tibial tube 6311 and a calf elastic component 6312 coaxially arranged at the upper end of the tibial tube 6311. In other embodiments, the calf elastic component 6312 can be coaxially arranged at the lower end of the tibial tube 6311.

[0079] In this embodiment, the calf sensor group 634 includes a calf triaxial acceleration sensor 6341 located on the rear side of the tibial tunnel 6311 .

[0080] In this embodiment, the calf sensor group 634 includes an upper tibial force sensor 6342 and a lower tibial force sensor 6343 coaxially arranged at the upper and lower ends of the tibial skeleton 631 respectively.

[0081] In this embodiment, Figure 21As shown, the calf elastic assembly 6312 includes an upper connector 63121 connected to the upper tibial force sensor 6342, a lower connector 63122 connected to the tibial tube 6311, and a rubber sleeve 63123 sandwiched between the upper connector 63121 and the lower connector 63122. A columnar member 63124 is fixed to the lower end of the upper connector 63121, and the columnar member 63124 movably vertically penetrates the lower connector 63122. Specifically, the rubber sleeve 63123 and the lower connector 63122 are sleeved on the columnar member 63124. The columnar member 63124 is provided with a limiting slot that allows the lower connector 63122 to move upward and squeeze the rubber sleeve 63123.

[0082] In this embodiment, Figure 22 As shown, the knee joint connector 632 includes a knee joint plate 6321 horizontally arranged on the upper end of the upper tibial force sensor 6342, and a knee joint connecting plate 6322 vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the knee joint plate 6321; the ankle joint connector 633 includes an ankle skeleton 6331 connected to the lower tibial force sensor 6343, and an ankle pivot 6332 inserted in the foot assembly 64, and the ankle pivot 6332 is vertically spherically connected to the bottom of the ankle skeleton 6331.

[0083] In this embodiment, specifically, a spherical body is provided at the upper end of the ankle pivot 6332, a groove adapted to the spherical body is provided at the bottom of the ankle skeleton 6331, a horizontal limiting hole is provided on the front side of the ankle skeleton 6331, and a vertical limiting hole is provided on the front side of the spherical body, so that the foot assembly 64 can achieve a certain angle of up, down, left and right movement through the ankle pivot 6332.

[0084] In this embodiment, Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the foot assembly 64 includes a horizontally arranged foot sole 641 and a foot sensor group 642 arranged on the foot sole 641 .

[0085] In this embodiment, the foot sensor group 642 includes a foot triaxial acceleration sensor 6421 disposed in the middle of the sole 641 .

[0086] In this embodiment, the foot sensor group 642 includes a heel acceleration sensor 6422 installed on the sole 641 for collecting vertical acceleration data. The heel acceleration sensor 6422 is located at the heel.

[0087] In this embodiment, the foot assembly 64 also includes foot skin 644, the sole plate 641 is horizontally arranged in the foot skin 644, the upper end of the sole plate 641 is vertically provided with a foot cylindrical connector that cooperates with the ankle rotation axis 6332, the lower end of the sole plate 641 is attached with a foot pad 643, and the heel acceleration sensor 6422 is arranged on the rear side of the foot cylindrical connector.

[0088] In this embodiment, Figure 25 As shown, it also includes a knee assembly 62, which includes a knee frame 621 and knee sliders 622 arranged on both sides of the knee frame 621. The lower end of the knee slider 622 is provided with a knee pull wire displacement sensor 623 for collecting knee sliding injury data.

[0089] In this embodiment, the knee assembly 62 further includes a knee skin 624 and a knee embedded rubber 625 disposed between the knee skin 624 and the knee frame 621 .

[0090] The simulated dummy used in the blasting test of this embodiment is a simulated CHN50th dummy. The dimensions and mass of each part are consistent with the requirements of GB / T10000-2023 "Human Body Dimensions of Chinese Adults" and GB / T17245-2004 "Inertial Parameters of the Adult Human Body." The standards specify the static human body dimensions and regression equation mass for the 50th percentile adult male aged 18 to 70 years, as shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0091] Table 1 Dimensions of simulation dummies specified in GB / T 10000-2023

[0092]

[0093] Table 2 Mass of each body segment of the dummy specified in GB / T 17245-2004

[0094]

[0095] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chest structure (1) of a simulated dummy for blasting test, comprising a thoracic vertebra assembly (11), characterized in that: The thoracic vertebra assembly (11) comprises an upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), a thoracic vertebra elastic component (112) and a lower thoracic vertebra segment (113) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the thoracic vertebra elastic component (112) can generate elastic deformation when subjected to vertical compression, and a thoracic vertebra acceleration sensor group (114) for collecting vertical acceleration information is provided on the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111) and / or the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113); the thoracic vertebra elastic component (112) comprises a thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122), a thoracic vertebra upper connecting block (1121) attached to the upper end surface of the thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122), and a thoracic vertebra lower connecting block (1123) attached to the lower end surface of the thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122); the thoracic vertebra upper connecting block (1121) is connected to the lower end of the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), and the thoracic vertebra lower connecting block (1123) is connected to the upper end of the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113).

2. The chest structure (1) of the blasting test dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thoracic vertebra acceleration sensor group (114) includes an upper vertebra acceleration sensor (1141) provided on one side of the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), and a lower vertebra acceleration sensor (1142) provided on one side of the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113).

3. The chest structure (1) of the blasting test simulation dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122) are both provided with a first limiting mechanism, and the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block (1121) and the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block (1123) are respectively provided with a second limiting mechanism. The first limiting mechanism is adapted to the second limiting mechanism, and the cooperation of the two makes it impossible for the upper thoracic vertebra connecting block (1121) and the thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122), as well as for the lower thoracic vertebra connecting block (1123) and the thoracic vertebra elastic block (1122) to rotate relative to each other.

4. The chest structure (1) of the blasting test simulation dummy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thoracic vertebra assembly (11) further comprises a neck connector (115) provided at the upper end of the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), and a thoracic vertebra base (116) provided at the lower end of the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113); the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), the neck connector (115) and the upper thoracic vertebra connection block (1121) together form an upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber (1111); the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113), the lower thoracic vertebra connection block (1123) and the thoracic vertebra base (116) together form a lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber (1131); a thoracic center of mass triaxial acceleration sensor (1112) is provided in the upper thoracic vertebra closed chamber (1111), and a thoracic vertebra force sensor (1132) is provided in the lower thoracic vertebra closed chamber (1131).

5. The chest structure (1) of the blasting test simulation dummy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The neck connecting piece (115) is provided with a lifting hole (1151).

6. The chest structure (1) of the blasting test dummy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front sides of the upper thoracic vertebra segment (111), the lower thoracic vertebra segment (113) and the thoracic vertebra base (116) are all provided with a sternum elastic block (117) protruding forward.

7. The chest structure (1) of a simulation dummy for blasting test according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes a rib assembly (12) arranged around the thoracic vertebra assembly (11), wherein the rib assembly (12) includes a rib assembly (121) composed of a plurality of bionic ribs arranged in an arranged manner, and an upper limit plate (118) and a lower limit plate (119) for limiting the vertical displacement of the rib assembly (121) are provided on the left and right sides of the thoracic vertebra assembly (11), wherein the upper limit plate (118) is provided at the upper end of the rib assembly (121), and the lower limit plate (119) is provided at the lower end of the rib assembly (121).

8. A simulation dummy for blasting test, characterized in that: The dummy comprises a chest structure (1) of a simulated dummy for blasting test according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and also comprises a hip assembly (2) arranged at the lower end of the chest structure (1), the hip assembly (2) comprising an abdominal structure (21), a lumbar assembly (22) arranged at the rear side of the abdominal structure (21) and connected to the lower end of the thoracic vertebra assembly (11), and a pelvic skeleton (23) connected to the lumbar assembly (22), the abdominal structure (21) being provided with a limiting step (211) cooperating with the lower end structure of the thoracic vertebra assembly (11), the lumbar assembly (22) comprising a vertically arranged lumbar canal (221), and the abdominal structure (21) being provided with an avoidance groove (212) fitting the lumbar canal (221).

9. The blasting test simulation dummy according to claim 8, characterized in that: Ilium skeletons (231) are provided on the left and right sides of the pelvic skeleton (23), and an iliac force sensor (232) is provided on the iliac skeleton (231).

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