Phase coherent TDW for sensing reference signals

Abstract

A method of wireless communication at a UE is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a configuration indicative of at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication during which phase coherence is to be maintained. The method includes transmitting or receiving an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly to phase coherence and sensing. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at a city, country, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the continued mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT)), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. In addition, these improvements may also be applicable to other multiple access technologies and telecommunication standards that adopt these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This summary does not identify key or critical elements of all aspects, nor does it delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be presented later.

[0005] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) are provided. The apparatus includes a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, configured to: obtain a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and send or receive an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or communication or whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or communication.

[0006] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus for wireless communication at a network node are provided. The apparatus includes a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, configured to: send, to a user equipment (UE), a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and send or receive, respectively, an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication or whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication.

[0007] To achieve the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects may include the features fully described below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings set forth in detail some illustrative features of one or more aspects. However, these features are indicative of only some of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0009] Figure 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a user equipment (UE) in an access network.

[0014] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurement.

[0015] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of phase coherence and phase incoherence.

[0016] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a reference signal (RS) for joint communication and sensing.

[0017] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a positioning reference signal (PRS).

[0018] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of Doppler estimation.

[0019] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a phase-coherent time-domain window (TDW).

[0020] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a sensing measurement window and a phase coherence window.

[0021] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of TDW for different types of reference signals.

[0022] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of network-based DL cooperative sensing.

[0023] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of UE-based UL cooperative sensing.

[0024] Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of phase-coherent TDW for UE-based UL sensing.

[0025] Figure 15 is a diagram illustrating example communications between a UE and a base station.

[0026] Figure 16 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0027] Figure 17 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication.

[0028] Figure 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus.

[0029] Figure 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various aspects generally relate to phase coherence time domain windows for sensing reference signals. Some aspects more specifically may relate to sending or receiving an indication of whether a UE or a network node is able to maintain phase coherence during a time window associated with communication and / or sensing. For example, a wireless communication system may include joint communication and sensing (JCS) capabilities. JCS may refer to the ability of a wireless communication system to perform both wireless communication and sensing (e.g., radar sensing, radio frequency (RF) sensing) simultaneously. For example, a wireless device equipped with JCS capabilities may perform sensing to determine aspects of an environment surrounding the wireless device while also communicating with another wireless device (e.g., a base station). A wireless device (e.g., a UE, a base station, etc.) may maintain phase continuity in order to perform sensing. If phase continuity is not maintained, sensing performed by the wireless device may be inaccurate and / or the wireless device may be unable to perform sensing.

[0031] In an example, a UE obtains a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. The UE sends or receives an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, respectively.

[0032] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the described techniques may be used to facilitate JCS by sending or receiving an indication of whether a UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window or whether a network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window, respectively. In one example, if the UE is not capable of maintaining phase coherence during the time window, the network node may skip sending a sensing reference signal because measurements performed on the sensing reference signal may be inaccurate due to the UE not maintaining phase coherence. In another example, if the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the time window, the network node may send a sensing reference signal that may be measured by the UE during the time window while maintaining phase coherence, where the measurements may be used to determine aspects of the UE's environment. In addition, the indications described above may also facilitate network-based DL sensing and / or UE-based UL sensing.

[0033] The detailed description set forth below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is a description of various configurations and does not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts.

[0034] Several aspects of telecommunication systems are presented with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These apparatuses and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0035] As an example, an element or any part of an element or any combination of elements can be implemented as a "processing system" including one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, codes, code segments, program codes, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, processes, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0036] Thus, in one or more example aspects, implementations, and / or use cases, the functionality described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. A storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

[0037] Although various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases are described in this application by way of illustration of some examples, additional or different aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases described herein may be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes and packaging arrangements. For example, various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases may be generated via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication equipment, computing equipment, industrial equipment, retail / purchase equipment, medical equipment, devices that enable artificial intelligence (AI), etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically for use cases or applications, the examples described may have a wide range of applicability. Various aspects, specific implementations and / or use cases may be within the scope of chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level specific implementations, and further to the scope of aggregation, distribution or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) equipment or systems in conjunction with one or more technologies herein. In some actual settings, the equipment in conjunction with the various aspects and features described may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily include multiple components for both analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices of various sizes, shapes, and configurations, including chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or disaggregated components, end-user devices, and the like.

[0038] The deployment of a communication system such as a 5G NR system can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element or network equipment (such as a base station (BS)), or one or more units (or one or more components) that perform base station functionality can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR BS, a 5GNB, an access point (AP), a transmit / receive point (TRP) or a cell, etc.) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a standalone BS or a monolithic BS) or a decomposed base station.

[0039] A converged base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A decomposed base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. A DU may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, namely a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0040] Base station operation or network design may take into account the aggregated nature of base station functionality. For example, a disaggregated base station may be utilized in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (a network configuration such as that initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Disaggregation may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing functionality of at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. Various units of a disaggregated base station or disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0041] Figure 1 FIG1 is a diagram 100 illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a disaggregated base station architecture. The disaggregated base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110 that may communicate directly with a core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both). The CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via corresponding midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DU 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via corresponding fronthaul links. The RU 140 may communicate with corresponding UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0042] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO framework 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. For example, these units may include a wired interface configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally, these units may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) configured to receive and / or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium.

[0043] In some aspects, the CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., central unit-user plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., central unit-control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, the CU 110 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, the CU 110 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling.

[0044] The DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, the DU 130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more higher physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) based at least in part on a functional split, such as those defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the DU 130 may also host one or more lower PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 130 or with control functions hosted by the CU 110.

[0045] Lower layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, a RU 140 controlled by a DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functionality or low PHY layer functionality (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, based at least in part on a functional split (such as a lower layer functional split). In such an architecture, the RU 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, both real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communications with the RU 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the DU 130 and CU 110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0046] The SMO framework 105 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 105 .

[0047] The non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 125 (e.g., via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources through data collection and actions over an interface (e.g., via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 125.

[0048] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and may be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 105 (such as via reconfiguration of O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0049] At least one of the CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as a base station 102. Thus, the base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dotted line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in the base station 102). The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for the UE 104. The base station 102 may include a macro cell (a high-power cellular base station) and / or a small cell (a low-power cellular base station). Small cells include femto cells, pico cells, and micro cells. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include a home evolved Node B (eNB) (HeNB), which may provide services to a restricted group called a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU 140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also known as reverse link) transmissions from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) (also known as forward link) transmissions from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may be over one or more carriers. For each carrier allocated in a carrier aggregation for a total of up to Yx MHz (x component carriers) for transmission in each direction, base station 102 / UE 104 may utilize spectrum with a bandwidth of up to Y MHz (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 MHz, 400 MHz, etc.). The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​compared to UL). Component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

[0050] Some UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication links 158. The D2D communication links 158 may use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication links 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be performed via various wireless D2D communication systems, such as, for example, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0051] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with a UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in the 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum. When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether the channel is available before communicating.

[0052] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band in various documents and articles. A similar naming issue sometimes occurs with respect to FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0053] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). The frequency bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation to more than 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz-71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz-114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz-300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0054] With the above in mind, unless otherwise specified, if the term "sub-6 GHz" or the like is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, if the term "millimeter wave" or the like is used herein, it may broadly refer to frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.

[0055] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit beamformed signals 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 102 in one or more receive directions. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 102 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 102 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may or may not be the same.

[0056] The base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, a Node B, an eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a TRP, a network node, a network entity, a network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, a converged (monolithic) base station having a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and a RU, or as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or a RU. A collection of base stations that may include disaggregated base stations and / or converged base stations may be referred to as a next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0057] The core network 120 may include an access and mobility management function (AMF) 161, a session management function (SMF) 162, a user plane function (UPF) 163, a unified data management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is a control node that handles signaling between the UE 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identity handling, access authorization, and subscription management. The one or more location servers 168 are exemplified as including a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) 165 and a location management function (LMF) 166. However, in general, the one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Positioning Center (MPC), etc. The GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and UE 104 via the AMF 161 to calculate the position of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods to determine the position of the UE 104. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, position estimation, and optional velocity calculation based on these measurements. Signal measurements may be performed by the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 serving the UE 104. The measured signals may be based on one or more of a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), a global positioning system (GPS), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), or other satellite positioning / location systems), LTE signals, wireless local area network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor, a motion sensor), an NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multi-round trip time (multi-RTT), DL angle of departure (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning), and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0058] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet devices, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electric meters, gas pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some of UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, gas pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart rate monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also apply to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network collectively and / or individually.

[0059] Reference again Figure 1 In certain aspects, the UE 104 may have a phase coherence component 198 that may be configured to obtain a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and to send or receive an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, respectively. In certain aspects, the base station 102 may have a phase coherence component 199 that may be configured to send, for the UE, a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and to send or receive an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, or whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, respectively. The techniques described herein may generally relate to facilitating maintaining phase coherence at a UE and / or network node so that the UE and / or network node can perform communication and / or sensing. Although the following description may focus on 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar areas such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

[0060] Figure 2A FIG200 is a diagram illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B FIG230 is a diagram illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C FIG250 is a diagram illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D FIG280 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within that subcarrier set are dedicated to either DL or UL, or may be time division duplex (TDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within that subcarrier set are dedicated to both DL and UL. Figure 2A 、 Figure 2C In the example provided, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28, respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The slot format is configured for the UE via a received slot format indicator (SFI) (dynamically configured via DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via radio resource control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0061] Figures 2A to 2DThe frame structure is illustrated, and various aspects of the present disclosure are applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10ms) can be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. A subframe may also include a mini-time slot, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For a normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for an extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on the DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-limited scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). Symbol length / duration can be scaled with 1 / SCS.

[0062]

[0063] Table 1: Parameter set, SCS and CP

[0064] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets μ0 to 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Thus, for normal CP and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2 μ time slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing can be equal to 2 μ *15kHz, where μ is parameter set 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ=0 is 15kHz, and the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ=4 is 240kHz. Symbol length / duration is inversely related to subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D An example is provided for a normal CP with 14 symbols per slot and a parameter set μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within a frame set, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) that are frequency-division multiplexed (see Figure 2B ). Each BWP may have a specific parameter set and CP (normal or extended).

[0065] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each slot includes a resource block (RB) (also known as a physical RB (PRB)) extending over 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0066] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RSs may include a demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RSs may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0067] Figure 2B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE comprising six RE groups (REGs), each REG comprising 12 consecutive REs within an OFDM symbol of a RB. The PDCCH within a BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). During a PDCCH monitoring opportunity on the CORESET, the UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., a common search space, a UE-specific search space), where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. The primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the master information block (MIB) can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the system frame number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not sent over the PBCH (such as the system information block (SIB)), and paging messages.

[0068] like Figure 2CAs illustrated, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for a specific configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit the DM-RS of the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and the DM-RS of the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations. The UE may transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS). The SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of the subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and the UE may transmit the SRS on one of the comb structures in the comb structure. The SRS may be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to achieve frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0069] Figure 2D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located at a position as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as a scheduling request, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0070] Figure 33 is a block diagram of a base station 310 communicating with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with delivery of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0071] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase-shift keying (M-PSK), and M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols are then separated into parallel streams. Each stream is then mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying the time-domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially pre-decoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates may be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier using a corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0072] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to a receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, as well as the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation point transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally sent on the physical channel by base station 310. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0073] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0074] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmissions performed by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with delivery of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0075] The TX processor 368 may use channel estimates derived by the channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 to select appropriate coding and modulation schemes and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided via separate transmitters 354Tx to different antennas 352. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate an RF carrier with a corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0076] UL transmissions are processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver functionality at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the RX processor 370.

[0077] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0078] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform operations related to Figure 1 The phase coherent component 198 combines various aspects.

[0079] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform operations related to Figure 1 The phase coherent component 199 combines various aspects.

[0080] Figure 4 FIG4 is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurement. UE 404 may be at time T SRS_TX UL-SRS 412 is sent and at time T PRS_RX Receive DL Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410. TRP 406 may be at time T SRS_RX Receive UL-SRS 412 and at time T PRS_TX 410. The UE 404 may receive the DL-PRS 410 before transmitting the UL-SRS 412, or may transmit the UL-SRS 412 before receiving the DL-PRS 410. In both cases, the positioning server (e.g., the location server 168) or the UE 404 may determine the UL-SRS 412 based on the || T SRS_RX –T PRS_TX |–|T SRS_TX –T PRS_RX || to determine RTT 414. Thus, multi-RTT positioning may utilize UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (ie, |T SRS_TX –T PRS_RX |) and DL-PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL-PRS-RSRP), and the measured TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurement (ie, |T SRS_RX –T PRS_TX|) and UL-SRS-RSRP. UE 404 uses assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (and optionally the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal), and TRP 402, 406 uses assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurement (and optionally the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal). These measurements can be used at the positioning server or UE 404 to determine the RTT, which is used to estimate the position of UE 404. Other methods for determining RTT are possible, such as, for example, using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0081] DL-AoD positioning may utilize the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of downlink signals received at a UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. The UE 404 uses assistance data received from a positioning server to measure the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signals, and the resulting measurements, along with the azimuth angle of departure (A-AoD), the zenith angle of departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information, are used to position the UE 404 relative to neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0082] DL-TDOA positioning may utilize DL Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received at a UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. The UE 404 uses assistance data received from a positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signals, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to position the UE 404 relative to neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0083] UL-TDOA positioning may utilize the UL relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) of uplink signals transmitted from a UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. The TRPs 402, 406 measure the UL-RTOA (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signals using assistance data received from a positioning server, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, are used to estimate the position of the UE 404.

[0084] UL-AoA positioning may utilize the measured azimuth angle of arrival (A-AoA) and zenith angle of arrival (Z-AoA) of uplink signals sent from a UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. The TRPs 402, 406 measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signals using assistance data received from a positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used along with other configuration information to estimate the position of the UE 404.

[0085] Additional positioning methods may be used to estimate the position of the UE 404, such as, for example, UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. It should be noted that data / measurements from various techniques may be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / refine measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0086] A wireless communication system may be equipped with joint communication and sensing (JCS) capabilities (also referred to as joint communication and radar). JCS may refer to the ability of a wireless communication system to simultaneously perform both wireless communication and sensing (e.g., radar sensing, radio frequency (RF) sensing). For example, a wireless device equipped with JCS capabilities can perform sensing to determine aspects of the environment surrounding the wireless device while also communicating with another wireless device (e.g., a base station). JCS may be useful due to the relatively large bandwidth allocated to cellular communication systems, such as 5G NR and systems above 5G NR (e.g., 6G). For example, the characteristics of 5G NR and systems above 5G NR may provide more use cases for JCS. JCS may provide cost-effective deployment for both radar and communication systems. JCS may provide mutual performance gains. In one example, sensing information can be used to improve communication link quality (i.e., sensing-assisted communication). For example, JCS may improve the quality of Doppler estimation. In another example, sensing information from multiple wireless devices may be used for collaborative sensing (communication-assisted sensing). Table 2 describes use cases for cellular-based wide-area sensing that can be used in JCS.

[0087] Table 2: Cellular-based wide-area RF sensing use cases

[0088] In an example, traffic monitoring as referenced above in Table 2 may include determining the number of cars and their corresponding speeds during a given time period. In an example, parking space identification as referenced above in Table 2 may include identifying parking spaces on busy streets (e.g., streets near a beach). In an example, road safety as referenced above in Table 2 may include non-line-of-sight (NLOS) object detection, such as corner vehicle / pedestrian detection. In another example, road safety as referenced above in Table 2 may include detecting pedestrians crossing a street. In an example, dynamic three-dimensional (3D) mapping as referenced above in Table 2 may include information about buildings / roads in a predefined area sensed by multiple UEs and / or base stations (e.g., gNBs). In another example, dynamic 3D mapping as referenced above in Table 2 may include performing simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). In yet another example, dynamic 3D mapping as referenced above in Table 2 may include reporting information used for 3D map generation to network-authorized equipment. In an example, environmental monitoring as referenced above in Table 2 may include weather and / or pollution monitoring. While the use cases in Table 2 may be outdoor use cases, JCS may also be used in indoor use cases.

[0089] Figure 5 5 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of phase coherence (i.e., phase coherence) and phase incoherence (i.e., phase incoherence). Phase coherence may also be referred to as "phase continuity," and phase incoherence may also be referred to as "phase discontinuity." Phase coherence may refer to the phenomenon that a signal is continuous in the time domain without phase jumps. Diagram 500 includes a first example 502 of phase coherence.

[0090] Diagram 500 also includes a second example 504 of phase incoherence. Phase incoherence may refer to a phenomenon where the signal is discontinuous (i.e., there are phase jumps in the time domain). Phase incoherence may occur due to various factors. For example, a change in the modulation order may cause phase incoherence, a change in RB allocation in terms of length and frequency position may cause phase incoherence, a change in the transmit power level of a component carrier (CC) may cause phase incoherence, or UL beam switching for FR2 may cause phase incoherence.

[0091] Figure 6 FIG600 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a reference signal (RS) for a JCS. The RS design for a JCS can be important for the operation of the JCS. The waveform of a sensing reference signal (S-RS) used for radar sensing (e.g., frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW)) can be different from the reference signal used in 5G NR. Alternatively, the S-RS can reuse an OFDM waveform.

[0092] In the first example 602, time division multiplexing (TDM) can be used for communication and sensing (ie, for communication and radar). In the first example 602, the radar signal 604 (at Figure 6 is called "radar"), DL sends 606 (in Figure 6 "DL"), flexible transmission 608 (eg, UL transmission or DL ​​transmission, Figure 6 ) and UL transmission 610 (referred to as "S" for "special time slots" in Figure 6 The radar signal 604 may include a radar waveform 612 and a guard period 614, wherein the radar waveform 612 and the guard period 614 alternate in the radar signal 604. The radar waveform 612 may have a duration T R , and the protection period 614 may have a time period T G In the example, when the target distance of the radar signal 604 is within the range of 30m to 300m, T R and T G The following timing relationship can be followed: T R <<0.1μs and T G >1 μs. In some aspects, some DL symbols (time slots) may be replaced for radar purposes. In some aspects, different waveforms may be used for communication and radar (i.e., sensing). For example, FMCW may be used for radar (i.e., sensing) and OFDM may be used for communication. In one aspect, radar signal 604 may be repeated to increase the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).

[0093] In a second example 616, OFDM (TDM / Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)) can be used for both communication and sensing (i.e., for both communication and radar). In the second example 616, DL frequency modulation 618 can be multiplexed with radar RS 620. The design of radar RS 620 can be based on range resolution, velocity resolution, and / or the level of ambiguity sensed. Range estimation can be associated with an IFFT across subcarrier dimensions. Doppler estimation can be associated with an FFT across multiple symbols.

[0094] Figure 7 FIG7 is a diagram 700 illustrating example aspects of a positioning reference signal (PRS) 702. The PRS 702 may span 2 / 4 / 6 / 12 consecutive symbols with a comb of 2 / 4 / 6 / 12. Resource repetition across multiple time slots (N) may be supported. Resource time gaps may be configured. Table 3 below details various aspects of the sensing capabilities of NR RSs in different carriers. Table 3 assumes a 12-symbol PRS with N=4 and zero gap.

[0095]

[0096] Table 3: NR RS sensing capabilities in different carriers

[0097] In Table 3 above, Δf may be the subcarrier spacing, T g may be the guard period (e.g., the duration of the carrier phase), W may be the bandwidth, and T B The duration (ie, gap) between the first symbol and the last symbol of a PRS (eg, a PRS may span one or more time slots, such as four time slots), T s can refer to symbolic duration, and f s It can refer to the subcarrier spacing of OFDM used for PRS. In addition, in Table 3 above, d max It can refer to the maximum operating distance of the PRS, Δd can refer to the distance resolution of the PRS, Δv can refer to the velocity resolution of the PRS, and v max may refer to the maximum velocity associated with the PRS, c may refer to the speed of light, and f c May refer to the carrier frequency. With reference to Table 3 above, the range resolution may be less than 1m at 60 / 120kHz. For N=4 (>30km / h), velocity resolution may not be feasible. To achieve increased velocity resolution, a long PRS repetition (narrow bandwidth / long duration) may be configured. To achieve increased range resolution, a PRS spanning multiple intra-band CCs may be utilized. When d max When is relatively large, an extended cyclic prefix (ECP) for sensing can be utilized.

[0098] Figure 8 FIG800 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of Doppler estimation using a cellular reference signal configuration. Doppler estimation may refer to a technique for detecting the velocity of a moving object at a specific distance based on the Doppler frequency shift caused by the moving object. FIG800 depicts RS 802 that may be received by a UE (or another wireless device). RS 802 may be a cellular-based RS, such as an OFDM symbol-based RS. In the example depicted in FIG800, the SCS may be 15 kHz.

[0099] "A" observations of RS 802 can be used for Doppler estimation. In the example depicted in diagram 800, "A" is 16. Alternatively, one RS may appear every "B" symbols. In the example depicted in diagram 800, "B" is 14. A time period "X" can be used for Doppler estimation. In the example depicted in diagram 800, "X" is 0.5 ms. The Doppler resolution and the maximum resolvable Doppler resolution are provided by equations (I) and (II) below, respectively.

[0100] (I)

[0101] (II)

[0102] Following the example depicted in diagram 800 and according to equations (I) and (II) above, respectively, the Doppler resolution may be 125 Hz, and the maximum resolvable Doppler resolution may be 2000 Hz.

[0103] As discussed above, due to the relatively large bandwidth allocated for 5G NR (and potentially for future wireless communication systems), JCS may have more use cases. OFDM waveforms (or variations of OFDM waveforms) can be used for JCS (i.e., joint communication / RF sensing). For example, OFDM waveforms can enable frequency band multiplexing with other cellular reference signals and physical (PHY) channels.

[0104] In RF sensing, particularly for Doppler estimation with long measurement periods, phase continuity (i.e., phase coherence) can be maintained at both the radar transmitter (Tx) and the radar receiver (Rx). Maintaining phase continuity can include satisfying various conditions. The first condition can be ensuring that the modulation order does not change between the radar Tx and the radar Rx. The second condition can be that the RB allocation in terms of length and frequency position does not change, and that intra-slot and inter-slot frequency hopping is not enabled within the repeating beam. The third condition can be that the transmit power level of the component carrier (CC) does not change, that is, the power control parameters specified in the specification do not change, and that the CC does not change when it is not affected by other concurrent CCs configured for inter-band carrier aggregation (CA) or dual connectivity (DC) for the same UE with dynamic power sharing, and that any configured CCs that are part of configured intra-band uplink CA or DC do not change. The fourth condition can be that UL beam switching for FR2 of the UE does not occur. The fifth condition can be that the same transmit precoder matrix indicator (TPMI) precoder is applied across PUSCH transmissions. The sixth condition may be that the timing advance (TA) and the UE UL timing autonomous adjustment cause the phase to change.

[0105] As discussed above, a wireless communication system may include JCS capabilities. JCS may refer to the ability of a wireless communication system to simultaneously perform both wireless communication and sensing (e.g., radar sensing, radio frequency (RF) sensing). For example, a wireless device equipped with JCS capabilities may perform sensing to determine aspects of the environment surrounding the wireless device while also communicating with another wireless device (e.g., a base station). A wireless device (e.g., a UE, a base station, etc.) may maintain phase continuity in order to perform sensing. If phase continuity is not maintained, sensing performed by the wireless device may be inaccurate and / or the wireless device may be unable to perform sensing.

[0106] Various techniques are described herein related to a time domain window (TDW) for radar reference signal transmission to indicate phase coherence. The TDW may be a phase coherent TDW for network-based DL sensing. The TDW may be configured to recur periodically, or the TDW may be configured to occur dynamically. Sensing reference signal (S-RS) discard rules may be based on Tx and Rx phase coherence capability reports. The TDW may be a phase coherent TDW for UE-based UL sensing. The TDW may be configured to adapt to events that violate Tx phase coherence.

[0107] In an example, a UE obtains a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. The UE sends or receives an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, respectively. With respect to sending the indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, the UE and / or the network node may perform subsequent actions that facilitate sensing, such as sensing performed as part of a JCS. For example, if the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during a time window, the network node may skip sending a sensing reference signal during the time window because measurements performed on the sensing reference signal may be inaccurate due to the failure to maintain phase coherence.

[0108] Figure 9 900 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of phase-coherent TDW. In an example, phase-coherent TDW can be used for network-based DL sensing. In one aspect, a UE (or another device) performing sensing can be configured with one or more phase-coherent TDWs within which phase coherence can be maintained.

[0109] In a first example 902, a UE (or another device) may be configured with a periodic TDW 904 that recurs periodically. The periodic TDW 904 may also be referred to as a periodic phase-coherent TDW. The UE may maintain (or attempt to maintain) phase coherence during the periodic TDW 904. The periodicity and offset of the periodic TDW 904 may be configured relative to a slot, subframe, or frame timing. The UE may perform measurements (e.g., reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements) on an S-RS 906 (or more than one S-RS) during the periodic TDW 904. In one aspect, the base station may dynamically indicate to the UE (e.g., via a DCI or a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE)) whether the S-RS 906 is phase-coherent. In another aspect, the base station may semi-statically indicate to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling or system information (SI)) whether the S-RS 906 is phase-coherent. In an example, if phase discontinuity (i.e., phase incoherence) is indicated to the UE (e.g., via DCI, MAC-CE, RRC signaling, or SI), the UE may skip measurement of the S-RS 906 (e.g., Doppler-related measurement) or ignore another measurement (e.g., sensing measurement). In this example, the UE may skip (i.e., not send) the relevant measurement report to the network.

[0110] In a second example 908, a UE (or another device) may be configured with an aperiodic TDW 910 (or more than one aperiodic TDW) that may be activated when the UE receives a MAC-CE / DCI 912 sent by a base station. The aperiodic TDW 910 may also be referred to as an aperiodic phase-coherent TDW. The UE may maintain (or attempt to maintain) phase coherence during the aperiodic TDW 910. The UE may perform measurements (e.g., RSRP measurements) on the S-RS 906 (or more than one S-RS) during the aperiodic TDW 910.

[0111] Figure 101000 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a sensing measurement window and a phase coherence window. In a first example 1002, a UE (or another device) may be configured with a sensing measurement window 1004 and a phase coherence window 1006. The sensing measurement window 1004 and / or the phase coherence window 1006 may be or include a periodic TDW 904 and / or an aperiodic TDW 910. In an example, the UE may maintain (or attempt to maintain) phase coherence during the phase coherence window 1006, and the UE may perform measurements on one or more reference signals during the sensing measurement window 1004. In the first example 1002, the sensing measurement window 1004 and the phase coherence window 1006 may be configured such that the phase coherence window 1006 is confined within the sensing measurement window 1004. In the first example 1002, the phase coherence window 1006 and the sensing measurement window 1004 may have equal lengths and may completely overlap, or the phase coherence window 1006 may have a length / duration that is less than the length / duration of the sensing measurement window 1004. Although not depicted in the first example 1002, the phase coherence window 1006 may include multiple phase coherence windows confined within the sensing measurement window 1004.

[0112] In the second example 1008, the phase coherence window 1006 may not completely overlap with the sensing measurement window 1004. For example, all or a portion of the phase coherence window 1006 may appear outside the sensing measurement window 1004. The sensing measurement window 1004 and / or the phase coherence window 1006 may be or include the periodic TDW 904 and / or the aperiodic TDW 910. In the second example 1008, since the phase coherence window 1006 does not completely overlap with the sensing measurement window 1004, the phase coherence window 1006 may be considered to be misconfigured. If the phase coherence window 1006 and the sensing measurement window 1004 as illustrated in the second example 1008 are configured for the UE, the UE may determine that a configuration error has occurred, and the UE may request reconfiguration of the phase coherence window 1006 and the sensing measurement window 1004.

[0113] Figure 11 FIG11 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of TDW for different types of reference signals. In one aspect, multiple types of signals may be used for sensing within a measurement window. In an example, the multiple types of signals may include PRS, SSB, or S-RS.

[0114] In a first example 1102, a UE (or another device) may be configured with a common TDW 1104 in which the UE (or another device) may measure multiple types of reference signals for sensing (e.g., S-RS 1106, SSB 1108, etc.). The common TDW 1104 may be confined within a sensing measurement window 1110. The common TDW 1104 may be or include a periodic TDW 904 or an aperiodic TDW 910. The common TDW 1104 may also be or include a phase coherence window 1006 as described above in the first example 1002. The sensing measurement window 1110 may be or include the sensing measurement window 1004 as described above in the first example 1002.

[0115] The UE (or another device) may receive an indication from the base station regarding which types of signals are phase-coherent in the common TDW 1104. In one example, the indication may indicate that the S-RS 1106 and the SSB 1108 are phase-coherent during the common TDW 1104. In another example, the indication may indicate that the S-RS 1106 is phase-coherent during the common TDW 1104. In yet another example, the indication may indicate that the SSB 1108 is phase-coherent during the common TDW 1104. The UE may perform measurements (e.g., RSRP measurements) on the S-RS 1106 and / or the SSB 1108 during the common TDW 1104.

[0116] In a second example 1112, a UE (or another device) may be configured with separate TDWs for different types of reference signals for sensing. For example, the UE may be configured with a first TDW 1114 for measuring S-RS 1106 and a second TDW 1116 for measuring SSB 1108. The first TDW 1114 and the second TDW 1116 may be confined within a sensing measurement window 1110. The first TDW 1114 and / or the second TDW 1116 may be or include a periodic TDW 904 or an aperiodic TDW 910. The first TDW 1114 and / or the second TDW 1116 may also be or include a phase coherence window 1006 as described above in the first example 1002. The sensing measurement window 1110 may be or include the sensing measurement window 1004 as described above in the first example 1002. The UE may perform a first measurement (eg, a first RSRP measurement) on the S-RS 1106 during the first TDW 1114 , and the UE may perform a second measurement (eg, an RSRP measurement) on the SSB 1108 during the second TDW 1116 .

[0117] Figure 1212 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of network-based DL cooperative sensing 1202. To save network power and improve spectrum efficiency, when a threshold number of UEs are unable to maintain Rx phase coherence during a sensing measurement window (e.g., sensing measurement window 1004, sensing measurement window 1110, etc.), a base station 1204 (e.g., a gNB) may drop sensing reference signal (e.g., PRS, SSB, or S-RS) transmissions and / or reschedule resources associated with sensing reference signal transmissions for another purpose. In an example, the UEs may include a first UE 1206, a second UE 1208, a third UE 1210, and a vehicle 1212 (collectively referred to herein as "UEs 1206-1212").

[0118] In one aspect regarding network-based DL cooperative sensing 1202, UEs 1206-1212 may be configured to measure a sensing reference signal (or multiple sensing reference signals) during a sensing measurement window (i.e., during a configured phase-coherent TDW (such as the periodic TDW 904, the aperiodic TDW 910, the phase-coherent window 1006, the common TDW 1104, the first TDW 1114, the second TDW 1116, etc.). The UEs 1206-1212 may report their respective capabilities of maintaining phase coherence during the sensing measurement window (i.e., during a configured phase-coherent TDW (such as the periodic TDW 904, the aperiodic TDW 910, the phase-coherent window 1006, the common TDW 1104, the first TDW 1114, the second TDW 1116, etc.). For example, UEs 1206-1212 may send indications of their respective abilities to maintain phase coherence to base station 1204. These indications may be referred to as "UE Rx Phase Coherence Reports."

[0119] Based on the UE Rx phase coherence report (and a threshold number or threshold percentage), the base station 1204 can determine whether to drop the transmission of the sensing reference signal (or multiple sensing reference signals) to the UEs 1206-1212. For example, the base station 1204 can send an indication to the UEs 1206-1212 indicating whether the sensing reference signal (or multiple sensing reference signals) will be transmitted. In an example, if some UEs (e.g., the first UE 1206) are unable to maintain Rx phase coherence to receive two separate sensing reference signals, but other UEs (e.g., the second UE 1208, the third UE 1210, and the vehicle 1212) are able to maintain Rx phase coherence for the sensing reference signals, the base station 1204 can continue to transmit the two separate sensing reference signals. In another example, if the majority of UEs (e.g., the first UE 1206, the second UE 1208, and the vehicle 1212) are unable to maintain RX phase coherence for the sensing reference signal, the base station 1204 may drop the sensing reference signal transmission and / or reschedule the resources originally allocated for the sensing reference signal for another purpose.

[0120] Figure 13 1300 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of UE-based UL cooperative sensing 1302. For UE-based UL cooperative sensing 1302, the UE may report, as a UE capability, the maximum duration of a TDW within which the UE can maintain Tx phase continuity. For example, the maximum duration may be for a periodic TDW 904, an aperiodic TDW 910, a phase coherence window 1006, a common TDW 1104, a first TDW 1114, a second TDW 1116, etc. In the example, a first UE 1306, a second UE 1308, a third UE 1310, and a vehicle 1312 (collectively referred to herein as "UEs 1306-1312") may report the respective maximum durations of their TDWs to a base station 1304 (e.g., a gNB). For example, the UEs 1306-1312 may send an indication of the respective maximum durations of their TDWs to the base station 1304.

[0121] In one aspect regarding UE-based UL cooperative sensing 1302, the base station 1304 can indicate a sensing measurement window (e.g., a phase-coherent TDW, such as the periodic TDW 904, the aperiodic TDW 910, the phase-coherent window 1006, the common TDW 1104, the first TDW 1114, the second TDW 1116, etc.) to the UEs 1306-1312 for sending UL sensing reference signals, wherein the length of the configured TDW does not exceed the maximum duration reported (i.e., sent) by the UEs 1306-1312.

[0122] In another aspect of UE-based UL cooperative sensing 1302, the base station 1304 can dynamically indicate to the UEs 1306-1312 their status of maintaining Rx phase coherence before the UEs 1306-1312 transmit UL sensing reference signals in the configured TDW. In an example, if the base station 1304 is unable to maintain Rx phase coherence in the configured TDW to receive separate UL sensing reference signals, each of the UEs 1306-1312 can skip their corresponding transmission of the UL sensing reference signal during the indicated period of the TDW, even if the UEs 1306-1312 are able to maintain Tx phase coherence during the TDW.

[0123] Figure 14 FIG1400 is a diagram illustrating example aspects of a phase-coherent TDW for UE-based UL sensing. Certain events may occur that cause a violation of UE Tx phase continuity. For example, the event may be a dynamic event such as a high-priority transmission, reception of a dynamic slot format indicator (SFI), or some other event. Whether the UE can create a new TDW may be based on the UE's ability to support the resumption of sensing RS transmission.

[0124] In a first example 1402, if the UE supports creating a new actual TDW and if the UE supports resuming UL sensing reference signal transmission, the base station (e.g., gNB) may continue to receive the remaining UL sensing reference signals. In the first example 1402, the UE may be configured with a configured phase-coherent TDW 1404. The configured phase-coherent TDW 1404 may include the phase-coherent TDW described above. Figures 9 to 13 In the first actual TDW 1406 (based on the configured phase-coherent TDW 1404), the UE may transmit an S-RS 1408 (e.g., a UL S-RS). At 1410, an event (e.g., a dynamic event) may occur that may interrupt the transmission of a sensing reference signal (e.g., S-RS 1408). The UE may create a second actual TDW 1412 based on the occurrence of the event (i.e., based on detecting the occurrence of the event). The UE may then continue to transmit the S-RS 1408 during the second actual TDW 1412.

[0125] In the second example 1414, the UE may not support the creation of a new actual TDW, and the UE may drop the transmission of the remaining UL sensing reference signals. In the second example 1414, the UE may be configured with a configured phase-coherent TDW 1404. The configured phase-coherent TDW 1404 may include the phase-coherent TDW 1404 described above. Figures 9 to 13In the actual TDW 1416 (based on the configured phase-coherent TDW 1404), the UE may transmit an S-RS 1408 (e.g., a UL S-RS). At 1410, an event (e.g., a dynamic event) may occur that may interrupt the transmission of a sensing reference signal (e.g., S-RS 1408). The UE may drop the transmission of the S-RS 1408 based on the occurrence of the event (i.e., based on detecting the occurrence of the event), which is indicated by an "X" in the second example 1414.

[0126] Figure 15 15 is a diagram illustrating example communications between a UE 1502 and a base station 1504. In the example, the UE 1502 can be the UE 104, the UE 350, the UE 404, one of the UEs 1206-1212, or one of the UEs 1306-1312. In the example, the base station 1504 can be the base station 102, the base station 310, the base station 1204, or the base station 1304.

[0127] At 1506, UE 1502 may obtain a configuration indicating a time window associated with sensing and / or communication during which phase coherence is to be maintained. For example, at 1508, UE 1502 may receive the configuration from base station 1504. At 1510, UE 1502 may send an indication of whether UE 1502 is able to maintain phase coherence during the time window.

[0128] At 1512, if the indication sent at 1510 indicates that UE 1502 is capable of maintaining phase coherence during TDW, UE 1502 may receive an indication from base station 1504 indicating that UE 1502 will measure sensing reference signals during TDW, and at 1514, UE 1502 may measure sensing reference signals during TDW while UE 1502 maintains phase coherence. At 1516, UE 1502 may send measurements of the sensing reference signals to base station 1504.

[0129] At 1518, if the indication sent at 1510 indicates that UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW, UE 1502 may receive an indication from base station 1504 indicating that base station 1504 has dropped transmission of a reference signal or that base station 1504 has rescheduled resources associated with the transmission. At 1520, if the indication sent at 1510 indicates a maximum duration during which UE 1502 can maintain transmission phase continuity (i.e., phase coherence), UE 1502 may receive an indication from base station 1504 indicating the length of the TDW. The length may be less than or equal to the maximum duration. At 1522, UE 1502 may transmit a sensing reference signal during the TDW having the length while UE 1502 maintains phase coherence.

[0130] At 1524, the UE 1502 may receive an indication from the base station 1504 indicating whether the base station 1504 is able to maintain phase coherence during the time window. At 1526, if the indication received at 1524 indicates that the base station 1504 is able to maintain phase coherence during the TDW, the UE 1502 may send a sensing reference signal during the TDW based on the indication. At 1528, if the indication received at 1524 indicates that the base station 1504 is not able to maintain phase coherence during the TDW, the UE 1502 may skip sending the sensing reference signal based on the indication.

[0131] At 1530, the UE 1502 may generate an additional TDW based on the occurrence of the event. At 1532, the UE 1502 may transmit a sensing reference signal during the additional TDW while maintaining phase coherence at the UE 1502. At 1534, the UE 1502 may skip transmitting the sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of the event.

[0132] Figure 16 1600 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404, one of UEs 1206-1212, one of UEs 1306-1312, UE 1502, or device 1804). The method may be associated with various advantages at the UE, such as facilitating JCS. In an example, the method (including various aspects described in detail below) may be performed by phase coherent component 198.

[0133] At 1602, the UE obtains a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Figure 15At 1506, it is shown that the UE 1502 can obtain a configuration indicating a time window associated with sensing and / or communication during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Maintaining phase coherence may include the above-mentioned Figure 5 In an example, the at least one time window may be or include the periodic TDW 904, the aperiodic TDW 910, the phase coherent window 1006, the common TDW 1104, the first TDW 1114, the second TDW 1116, the first actual TDW 1406, the second actual TDW 1412, or the actual TDW 1416. In an example, the sensing may include the aspects described above in conjunction with Table 2 above. In an example, the communication may be communication with a network node, such as a base station 1504. In an example, 1602 may be performed by the phase coherent component 198.

[0134] At 1604, the UE sends or receives an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, respectively. Figure 15 At 1510, it is shown that the UE 1502 can send an indication of whether the UE 1502 is able to maintain phase coherence during a time window associated with sensing and / or communication. Figure 15 At 1524, the UE 1502 may receive an indication of whether the base station 1504 is able to maintain phase coherence during a time window associated with sensing and / or communication. In an example, 1604 may be performed by the phase coherence component 198.

[0135] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that at least one time window is to be activated periodically. For example, the configuration may be used to Figure 9 The periodic TDW 904 in the first example 902 is depicted in FIG.

[0136] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that at least one time window is to be activated upon receipt of a DCI or MAC-CE. For example, the configuration may be used to Figure 9 908. In an example, the DCI or MAC-CE may be MAC-CE / DCI 912.

[0137] In one aspect, the at least one time window may include at least one TDW and a sensing measurement window, and the at least one TDW may occur within the sensing measurement window. For example, the at least one TDW may be the phase coherence window 1006, and the sensing measurement window may be the sensing measurement window 1004 as described in the first example 1002.

[0138] In one aspect, the at least one TDW may include a first TDW, and multiple reference signals may be sent or received during the first TDW while maintaining phase coherence. For example, the first TDW may be a common TDW 1104, and the multiple reference signals may be S-RS 1106 and SSB 1108. In another example, the multiple reference signals may include the above-mentioned combination of Figures 6 to 8 All aspects described.

[0139] In one aspect, the at least one TDW may include at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, and at least one first reference signal may be transmitted or received during the at least one first TDW, and at least one second reference signal may be transmitted or received during the at least one second TDW. For example, the at least one first TDW may be the first TDW 1114, and the at least one second TDW may be the second TDW 1116. Figure 11 In another example, the S-RS 1106 may be transmitted or received in the first TDW 1114, and the SSB 1108 may be received in the second TDW 1116. In another example, the plurality of reference signals may include the above-mentioned Figures 6 to 8 All aspects described.

[0140] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the UE may receive a second indication from the network node indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW. For example, the configuration obtained at 1506 may indicate that the UE 1502 is to measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW. In an example, the sensing reference signal may include S-RS 906, S-RS 1106, or S-RS 1408. In another example, the indication may be an indication sent by the UE 1502 at 1510. In addition, Figure 15 At 1512, it is shown that the UE 1502 may receive an indication from the base station 1504 indicating that the UE 1502 will measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW period. In another example, receiving the second indication may include the above in combination with Figure 12 All aspects described.

[0141] In one aspect, the UE may measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence based on receiving the second indication. Figure 15At 1514, it is shown that the UE 1502 can measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW while the UE 1502 maintains phase coherence based on the indication received by the UE 1502 at 1512. In another example, measuring at least one sensing reference signal may include the above in combination with Figure 12 All aspects described.

[0142] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the UE may receive a second indication from the network node based on the transmitted indication, the second indication indicating that the network node has dropped the transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal or that the resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled. For example, the configuration obtained at 1506 may indicate that the UE 1502 is to measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW. In an example, the sensing reference signal may include S-RS 906, S-RS 1106, or S-RS 1408. In another example, the indication sent at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW. In addition, Figure 15 At 1518, it is shown that the UE 1502 may receive an indication that the base station 1504 has dropped or rescheduled the transmission of the sensing reference signal. In another example, receiving the second indication may include the above in combination with Figure 12 All aspects described.

[0143] In one aspect, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity, and the UE may receive a second indication of at least one length of at least one TDW from the network node, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW may be less than or equal to the maximum duration. For example, the indication transmitted at 1510 may indicate a maximum duration during which the UE 1502 can maintain transmit phase continuity (i.e., phase coherence). In addition, Figure 15 At 1520, it is shown that the UE 1502 can receive an indication of the length of the TDW, and the length can be less than or equal to the maximum duration. In another example, receiving the second indication can include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0144] In one aspect, the UE may transmit at least one sensing reference signal to the network node during at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence, wherein the at least one TDW may have at least one length. Figure 15At 1522, it is shown that the UE 1502 can send a sensing reference signal to the base station 1504 during a TDW having a length. In another example, sending at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence may include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0145] In one aspect, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the UE may send at least one sensing reference signal to the network node based on the received indication during the at least one TDW. For example, the indication received at 1524 may indicate that the base station 1504 is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the TDW. In addition, Figure 15 At 1526, it is shown that the UE 1502 can send a sensing reference signal during the TDW based on the indication received at 1524. In another example, sending at least one sensing reference signal may include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0146] In one aspect, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the UE may skip sending at least one sensing reference signal based on the received indication. For example, the indication received at 1524 may indicate that the base station 1504 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW. In addition, Figure 15 At 1528, it is shown that the UE 1502 can skip the transmission of the sensing reference signal based on the indication received at 1524. In another example, skipping the transmission of at least one reference signal based on receiving the indication may include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0147] In one aspect, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the UE may generate at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of the at least one event. For example, the indication transmitted at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW due to the occurrence of the event. In addition, Figure 15 At 1530, it is shown that the UE 1502 can generate an additional TDW based on the occurrence of the event. In another example, generating at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of the event may include the above-mentioned combination of Figure 14 For example, the event may be the event that occurs at 1410, the at least one TDW may be the first actual TDW 1406, and the additional at least one TDW may be the second actual TDW 1412.

[0148] In one aspect, the UE may transmit at least one sensing reference signal during at least one additional TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence. Figure 15 It is shown at 1532 that the UE 1502 may transmit a sensing reference signal during the additional TDW while the UE 1502 maintains phase coherence. In another example, the at least one sensing reference signal may be the S-RS 1408 and the additional at least one TDW may be the second actual TDW 1412.

[0149] In one aspect, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the UE may skip transmitting at least one sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of the at least one event. For example, the indication transmitted at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW due to the occurrence of the event. In addition, Figure 15 At 1534, it is shown that the UE 1502 can skip the transmission of the sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of the event. In another example, skipping the transmission of at least one sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of at least one event may include the above in combination with Figure 14 The aspects described in the second example 1414.

[0150] In one aspect, the sensing may be one of UL sensing or DL ​​sensing. For example, the sensing indicated by the configuration obtained at 1506 may be used for UL sensing or DL ​​sensing. In another example, DL sensing may include the above in combination with Figure 12 The various aspects described above, and UL sensing may include the above combined Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0151] Figure 17 1700 is a flow chart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a network node (e.g., base station 102, base station 310, base station 1204, base station 1304, base station 1504, network entity 1802, network entity 1902). The method may be associated with various advantages at the network node, such as facilitating JCS. In an example, the method (including various aspects described in detail below) may be performed by phase coherent component 198.

[0152] At 1702, a network node sends a configuration to a UE indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Figure 15At 1508, it is shown that the base station 1504 can send a configuration to the UE 1502 indicating a time window associated with sensing and / or communication during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Maintaining phase coherence may include the above-mentioned Figure 5 In an example, the at least one time window may be or include the periodic TDW 904, the aperiodic TDW 910, the phase coherent window 1006, the common TDW 1104, the first TDW 1114, the second TDW 1116, the first actual TDW 1406, the second actual TDW 1412, or the actual TDW 1416. In an example, the sensing may include the aspects described above in conjunction with Table 2 above. In an example, 1702 may be performed by the phase coherent component 199.

[0153] At 1704, the network node sends or receives an indication of whether the network node is able to maintain phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating or whether the UE is able to maintain phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, respectively. Figure 15 At 1524, it is shown that the base station 1504 can send an indication of whether the base station 1504 is able to maintain phase coherence during a time window associated with sensing and / or communication. Figure 15 At 1510 , base station 1504 can receive an indication of whether UE 1502 is able to maintain phase coherence during a time window associated with sensing and / or communication. In an example, 1704 can be performed by phase coherence component 199 .

[0154] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that at least one time window is to be activated periodically. For example, the configuration may be used to Figure 9 The periodic TDW 904 in the first example 902 is depicted in FIG.

[0155] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that at least one time window is to be activated when the UE receives a DCI or a MAC-CE. For example, the configuration may be used to Figure 9 908. In an example, the DCI or MAC-CE may be MAC-CE / DCI 912.

[0156] In one aspect, the at least one time window may include at least one TDW and a sensing measurement window, and the at least one TDW may occur within the sensing measurement window. For example, the at least one TDW may be the phase coherence window 1006, and the sensing measurement window may be the sensing measurement window 1004 as described in the first example 1002.

[0157] In one aspect, the at least one TDW may include a first TDW, and multiple reference signals may be sent or received during the first TDW while maintaining phase coherence. For example, the first TDW may be a common TDW 1104, and the multiple reference signals may be S-RS 1106 and SSB 1108. In another example, the multiple reference signals may include the above-mentioned combination of Figures 6 to 8 All aspects described.

[0158] In one aspect, the at least one TDW may include at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, and at least one first reference signal may be transmitted or received during the at least one first TDW, and at least one second reference signal may be transmitted or received during the at least one second TDW. For example, the at least one first TDW may be the first TDW 1114, and the at least one second TDW may be the second TDW 1116. Figure 11 In another example, the S-RS 1106 may be transmitted or received in the first TDW 1114, and the SSB 1108 may be transmitted in the second TDW 1116. In another example, the plurality of reference signals may include the above-mentioned Figures 6 to 8 All aspects described.

[0159] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the network node may send a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW. For example, the configuration sent at 1508 may indicate that UE 1502 is to measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW. Additionally, the indication received at 1510 may indicate that UE 1502 is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the TDW. In an example, the sensing reference signal may include S-RS 906, S-RS 1106, or S-RS 1408. Additionally, Figure 15 At 1512, it is shown that the base station 1504 can send an indication that the UE 1502 will measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW period. In another example, sending the second indication may include the above-mentioned combination of Figure 12 All aspects described.

[0160] In one aspect, the network node may receive at least one measurement of at least one sensing reference signal from the UE based on sending the second indication. Figure 15 At 1516, it is shown that the base station 1504 can receive a measurement of the sensing reference signal based on the indication sent at 1512. In another example, receiving at least one measurement can include combining Figure 12All aspects described.

[0161] In one aspect, the configuration may further indicate that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the network node may send a second indication to the UE indicating that the transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal has been dropped or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled. For example, the configuration sent at 1508 may indicate that the UE 1502 is to measure the sensing reference signal during the TDW. Furthermore, the indication received at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW. Additionally, Figure 15 At 1518, it is shown that the base station 1504 can send an indication indicating that the base station 1504 has dropped or rescheduled the transmission of the sensing reference signal. In an example, the sensing reference signal can include S-RS 906, S-RS 1106, or S-RS 1408. In another example, sending a second indication can include the above in combination with Figure 12 All aspects described.

[0162] In one aspect, the indication may be a received indication indicating a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity, and the network node may send a second indication of at least one length of at least one TDW for the UE, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW may be less than or equal to the maximum duration. For example, the indication received at 1510 may indicate a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity (i.e., phase coherence). Additionally, Figure 15 At 1520, it is shown that the base station 1504 can send an indication of the length of the TDW, and the length can be less than or equal to the maximum duration. In another example, sending a second indication may include the above in conjunction with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0163] In one aspect, the network node may receive at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during at least one TDW, wherein the at least one TDW may have at least one length. For example, Figure 15 At 1522, it is shown that the base station 1504 can receive a sensing reference signal during the TDW, wherein the TDW has a length indicated to the UE 1502 at 1520. In another example, receiving at least one sensing reference signal may include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0164] In one aspect, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one TDW, and the network node may receive at least one sensing reference signal from the UE based on the transmitted indication during the at least one TDW while the network node maintains phase coherence. For example, the indication transmitted at 1524 may indicate that the base station 1504 is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the TDW. In addition, Figure 15 At 1526, it is shown that the base station 1504 can receive a sensing reference signal during the TDW period based on the indication sent at 1524 while the base station 1504 maintains phase coherence during the TDW period. In another example, receiving at least one sensing reference signal may include the above in combination with Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0165] In one aspect, the indication may be a transmitted indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW. For example, the indication transmitted at 1524 may indicate that the base station 1504 is unable to maintain phase coherence during a TDW.

[0166] In one aspect, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the network node may receive at least one sensing reference signal during at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of the at least one event. For example, the indication received at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW due to the occurrence of the event. In addition, Figure 15 At 1532, it is shown that the base station 1504 can receive a sensing reference signal during the additional TDW. In another example, receiving at least one sensing reference signal may include the above-mentioned combination of Figure 14 For example, the event may be the event that occurs at 1410, the at least one TDW may be the first actual TDW 1406, and the additional at least one TDW may be the second actual TDW 1412.

[0167] In one aspect, the indication may be a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event. For example, the indication received at 1510 may indicate that the UE 1502 is unable to maintain phase coherence during the TDW due to the occurrence of an event.

[0168] In one aspect, the sensing may be one of UL sensing or DL ​​sensing. For example, the sensing indicated by the configuration obtained at 1506 may be used for UL sensing or DL ​​sensing. In another example, DL sensing may include the above in combination with Figure 12 The various aspects described above, and UL sensing may include the above combined Figure 13 All aspects described.

[0169] Figure 1818 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1804. The apparatus 1804 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality. In some aspects, the apparatus 1804 may include a cellular baseband processor 1824 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1822 (e.g., a cellular RF transceiver). The cellular baseband processor 1824 may include on-chip memory 1824′. In some aspects, the apparatus 1804 may also include one or more subscriber identity module (SIM) cards 1820 and an application processor 1806 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1808 and a screen 1810. The application processor 1806 may include on-chip memory 1806′. In some aspects, the device 1804 may also include a Bluetooth module 1812, a WLAN module 1814, an SPS module 1816 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 1818 (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor / altimeter; a motion sensor such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-aided detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1826, a power source 1830, and / or a camera 1832. The Bluetooth module 1812, the WLAN module 1814, and the SPS module 1816 may include an on-chip transceiver (TRX) (or, in some cases, only a receiver (RX)). The Bluetooth module 1812, the WLAN module 1814, and the SPS module 1816 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or utilize an antenna 1880 for communication. The cellular baseband processor 1824 communicates with the UE 104 and / or RUs associated with the network entity 1802 via the transceiver 1822 via one or more antennas 1880. The cellular baseband processor 1824 and the application processor 1806 may each include computer-readable media / memory 1824′, 1806′, respectively. An additional memory module 1826 may also be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory 1824′, 1806′, 1826 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 1824 and the application processor 1806 are each responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. When executed by the cellular baseband processor 1824 / application processor 1806, the software enables the cellular baseband processor 1824 / application processor 1806 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1824 / application processor 1806 when executing the software.The cellular baseband processor 1824 / application processor 1806 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the memory 360 and / or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1804 may be a processor chip (modem and / or applications) and include only the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806, and in another configuration, the device 1804 may be the entire UE (e.g., see. Figure 3 UE 350) and includes additional modules of device 1804.

[0170] As discussed above, phase coherence component 198 can be configured to obtain a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Phase coherence component 198 can be configured to send or receive an indication, respectively, of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication. Phase coherence component 198 can be configured to receive a second indication from the network node indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one time window (TDW). Phase coherence component 198 can be configured to, based on receiving the second indication, measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one time window (TDW) while the UE maintains phase coherence. Phase coherence component 198 can be configured to receive a second indication from the network node indicating that the network node has dropped transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled, based on the sending indication. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to receive a second indication of at least one length of at least one TDW from the network node, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to the maximum duration. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to transmit at least one sensing reference signal to the network node during the at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence, wherein the at least one TDW has at least one length. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to transmit the at least one sensing reference signal to the network node during the at least one TDW based on the received indication. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to skip transmitting the at least one sensing reference signal based on the received indication. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to generate at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of at least one event. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to transmit the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one additional TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence. Phase coherent component 198 may be configured to skip transmitting the at least one sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of the at least one event. The phase coherent component 198 can be within the cellular baseband processor 1824, the application processor 1806, or both the cellular baseband processor 1824 and the application processor 1806. The phase coherent component 198 can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the described processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the described processes / algorithms, stored on a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. As shown, the device 1804 can include a variety of components configured for various functions.In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for obtaining a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for sending or receiving an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, respectively. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for receiving a second indication from the network node indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for measuring, based on receiving a second indication, at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for receiving, based on transmitting an indication, a second indication from a network node indicating that the network node has dropped transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for receiving, from the network node, a second indication of at least one length of the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to a maximum duration. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for transmitting at least one sensing reference signal to a network node during at least one TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence, wherein the at least one TDW has at least one length. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for transmitting at least one sensing reference signal to the network node based on a received indication during the at least one TDW. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for skipping transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal based on the received indication.In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for generating at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of at least one event. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for transmitting at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one additional TDW while the UE maintains phase coherence. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1824 and / or the application processor 1806) may include means for skipping the transmission of at least one sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of at least one event. The means may be the phase coherent component 198 of the apparatus 1804 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described above, the apparatus 1804 may include the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, a component may be the TX Processor 368, the RX Processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by that component.

[0171] Figure 19Diagram 1900 illustrates an example hardware implementation for a network entity 1902. Network entity 1902 may be a base station (BS), a component of a BS, or may implement BS functionality. Network entity 1902 may include at least one of a CU 1910, a DU 1930, or a RU 1940. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by phase coherent component 199, network entity 1902 may include a CU 1910; both the CU 1910 and the DU 1930; each of the CU 1910, the DU 1930, and the RU 1940; the DU 1930; both the DU 1930 and the RU 1940; or the RU 1940. CU 1910 may include a CU processor 1912. CU processor 1912 may include on-chip memory 1912′. In some aspects, CU 1910 may also include an additional memory module 1914 and a communication interface 1918. The CU 1910 communicates with the DU 1930 via a midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). The DU 1930 may include a DU processor 1932. The DU processor 1932 may include on-chip memory 1932′. In some aspects, the DU 1930 may also include an additional memory module 1934 and a communication interface 1938. The DU 1930 communicates with the RU 1940 via a fronthaul link. The RU 1940 may include a RU processor 1942. The RU processor 1942 may include on-chip memory 1942′. In some aspects, the RU 1940 may also include an additional memory module 1944, one or more transceivers 1946, an antenna 1980, and a communication interface 1948. The RU 1940 communicates with the UE 104. The on-chip memories 1912′, 1932′, 1942′ and the additional memory modules 1914, 1934, 1944 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. Each of processors 1912, 1932, 1942 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor, causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0172] As discussed above, phase coherence component 199 can be configured to transmit, to the UE, a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. Phase coherence component 199 can be configured to transmit or receive, respectively, an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication. Phase coherence component 199 can be configured to transmit, to the UE, a second indication indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW. Phase coherence component 199 can be configured to receive, from the UE, at least one measurement of the at least one sensing reference signal based on transmitting the second indication. Phase coherence component 199 can be configured to transmit, to the UE, a second indication indicating that transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal has been dropped or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled. Phase coherence component 199 may be configured to transmit, to the UE, a second indication of at least one length of at least one TDW, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to a maximum duration. Phase coherence component 199 may be configured to receive at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one TDW has at least one length. Phase coherence component 199 may be configured to receive the at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during the at least one TDW based on the transmitted indication while the network node maintains phase coherence. Phase coherence component 199 may be configured to receive the at least one sensing reference signal during at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of at least one event. Phase coherence component 199 may be within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1910, DU 1930, and RU 1940. Phase coherence component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the described processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the described processes / algorithms, stored on a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. The network entity 1902 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for sending, for a UE, a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for sending or receiving, respectively, an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, or whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating.In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for sending a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during at least one TDW. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for receiving at least one measurement of the at least one sensing reference signal from the UE based on sending the second indication. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for sending a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal has been dropped or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for sending a second indication of at least one length of at least one TDW to the UE, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to a maximum duration. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for receiving at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during at least one TDW, wherein the at least one TDW has at least one length. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for receiving at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during the at least one TDW based on sending the indication while the network node maintains phase coherence. In one configuration, the network entity 1902 may include means for receiving at least one sensing reference signal during at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of at least one event. The means may be the phase coherent component 199 of the network entity 1902 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described above, the network entity 1902 may include the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375. Thus, in one configuration, the means may be the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.

[0173] As discussed above, a wireless communication system may include JCS capabilities. JCS may refer to the ability of a wireless communication system to simultaneously perform both wireless communication and sensing (e.g., radar sensing, radio frequency (RF) sensing). For example, a wireless device equipped with JCS capabilities may perform sensing to determine aspects of the environment surrounding the wireless device while also communicating with another wireless device (e.g., a base station). A wireless device (e.g., a UE, a base station, etc.) may maintain phase continuity in order to perform sensing. If phase continuity is not maintained, the sensing performed by the wireless device may be inaccurate.

[0174] Various techniques are described herein related to a time domain window (TDW) for radar reference signal transmission to indicate phase coherence. The TDW may be a phase coherent TDW for network-based DL sensing. The TDW may be configured to recur periodically, or the TDW may be configured to occur dynamically. Sensing reference signal (S-RS) discard rules may be based on Tx and Rx phase coherence capability reports. The TDW may be a phase coherent TDW for UE-based UL sensing. The TDW may be configured to adapt to events that violate Tx phase coherence.

[0175] In an example, a UE obtains a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained. The UE sends or receives, respectively, an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication. With respect to sending the indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, or whether the network node is capable of maintaining phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, the UE and / or the network node may perform subsequent actions that facilitate JCS. For example, if the UE is unable to maintain phase coherence during the time window, the network node may skip sending a sensing reference signal during the time window because measurements performed on the sensing reference signal may be inaccurate due to the failure to maintain phase coherence.

[0176] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the disclosed process / flowchart is merely illustrative of exemplary methods. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the process / flowchart may be rearranged based on design preferences. In addition, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, but are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy provided.

[0177] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the various aspects described herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language claims. Unless specifically stated, reference to an element in the singular does not mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Terms such as "if", "when" and "while" do not imply a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as "when...", do not mean immediate action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but simply imply that if the conditions are met, the action will occur, but there is no need for a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "used as an example, instance or illustration". Any aspect described as "exemplary" herein is not necessarily interpreted as being preferred or having advantages over other aspects. Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, which may include multiple As, multiple Bs, or multiple Cs. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, where any such combination may include one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a set of elements, where the number of elements is one or more. Thus, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. If a first device receives data from a second device or sends data to a second device, the data may be received / sent directly between the first device and the second device, or indirectly between the first device and the second device through a collection of devices. A device configured to "output" data (such as, transmit, signal or message) may (for example) send the data with a transceiver, or may transmit the data to a device that sends the data. A device configured to "obtain" data (such as, transmit, signal or message) may (for example) receive the data with a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. The information stored in the memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later become known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims.Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. Words such as "module," "mechanism," "element," and "device" are not intended to replace the word "component." Thus, no claim element will be construed as part-plus-function unless the element is explicitly recited using the phrase "means for..."

[0178] As used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (where "A" can be information, a condition, a factor, etc.) should be interpreted as "based at least on A" unless specifically stated differently.

[0179] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0180] Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: obtaining a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and sending or receiving an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or communication, or whether a network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or communication, respectively.

[0181] Aspect 2 is a method according to aspect 1, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is to be activated periodically.

[0182] Aspect 3 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 2, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is to be activated upon receiving a DCI or a MAC-CE.

[0183] Aspect 4 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, wherein the at least one time window comprises at least one TDW and a sensing measurement window, and wherein the at least one TDW occurs within the sensing measurement window.

[0184] Aspect 5 is the method of aspect 4, wherein the at least one TDW comprises a first TDW, and wherein a plurality of reference signals are transmitted or received during the first TDW while maintaining the phase coherence.

[0185] Aspect 6 is a method according to aspect 4, wherein the at least one TDW includes at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, wherein at least one first reference signal is sent or received during the at least one first TDW, and wherein at least one second reference signal is sent or received during the at least one second TDW.

[0186] Aspect 7 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 6, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE will measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a sent indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method also includes: receiving a second indication from the network node, the second indication indicating that the UE will measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW; and based on receiving the second indication, measuring the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW while the UE maintains the phase coherence.

[0187] Aspect 8 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 6, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE will measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method also includes: receiving a second indication from the network node based on the transmitted indication, the second indication indicating that the network node has discarded the transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal or the resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled.

[0188] Aspect 9 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 8, wherein the indication is a transmission indication indicating the maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmission phase continuity, and the method further includes: receiving a second indication of at least one length of the at least one TDW from the network node, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to the maximum duration; and sending at least one sensing reference signal to the network node during the at least one TDW while the UE maintains the phase coherence, wherein the at least one TDW has the at least one length.

[0189] Aspect 10 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 6, wherein the indication is a reception indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method further includes: sending at least one sensing reference signal to the network node based on the reception indication during the at least one TDW.

[0190] Aspect 11 is a method according to any one of aspects 4 to 6, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method further includes: skipping the transmission of at least one sensing reference signal based on the received indication.

[0191] Aspect 12 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 6, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the method further includes: generating at least one additional TDW based on the occurrence of the at least one event; and sending at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one additional TDW while the UE maintains the phase coherence.

[0192] Aspect 13 is a method according to any one of Aspects 4 to 6, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the method further includes: skipping the transmission of at least one sensing reference signal based on the occurrence of the at least one event.

[0193] Aspect 14 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, wherein the sensing is one of UL sensing or DL ​​sensing.

[0194] Aspect 15 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory and configured to perform a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14 based at least in part on information stored in the memory.

[0195] Aspect 16 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0196] Aspect 17 is an apparatus according to aspect 15 or 16, wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive an indication via at least one of the antenna or the transceiver.

[0197] Aspect 18 is a computer-readable medium (eg, a non-transitory computer-readable medium) comprising instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 14.

[0198] Aspect 19 is a method for wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: sending a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communication to a UE, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; and sending or receiving an indication, respectively, of whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication, or whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication.

[0199] Aspect 20 is the method according to aspect 19, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is to be activated periodically.

[0200] Aspect 21 is a method according to any one of aspects 19 to 20, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is to be activated when the UE receives a DCI or a MAC-CE.

[0201] Aspect 22 is a method according to any one of aspects 19 to 21, wherein the at least one time window comprises at least one TDW and a sensing measurement window, and wherein the at least one TDW occurs within the sensing measurement window.

[0202] Aspect 23 is a method according to aspect 22, wherein the at least one TDW comprises a first TDW, and wherein a plurality of reference signals are transmitted or received during the first TDW while maintaining the phase coherence.

[0203] Aspect 24 is a method according to aspect 22, wherein the at least one TDW includes at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, wherein at least one first reference signal is sent or received during the at least one first TDW, and wherein at least one second reference signal is sent or received during the at least one second TDW.

[0204] Aspect 25 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 24, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE will measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a reception indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method also includes: sending a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that the UE will measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW; and based on sending the second indication, receiving at least one measurement of the at least one sensing reference signal from the UE.

[0205] Aspect 26 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 24, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE will measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a reception indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method further includes: sending a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that the transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal has been discarded or the resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled.

[0206] Aspect 27 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 24, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity, and the method further includes: sending a second indication of at least one length of the at least one TDW to the UE, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to the maximum duration; and receiving at least one sensing reference signal from the UE during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one TDW has the at least one length.

[0207] Aspect 28 is a method according to any one of aspects 22 to 24, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, and the method further includes: while the network node maintains the phase coherence, receiving at least one sensing reference signal from the UE based on the transmitted indication during the at least one TDW.

[0208] Aspect 29 is a method according to any one of aspects 22 to 24, wherein the indication is a transmit indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW.

[0209] Aspect 30 is a method according to any one of Aspects 22 to 24, wherein the indication is a reception indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event, and the method further includes: receiving at least one sensing reference signal during the additional at least one TDW based on the occurrence of the at least one event.

[0210] Aspect 31 is a method according to any one of aspects 22 to 24, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to the occurrence of at least one event.

[0211] Aspect 32 is a method according to any one of aspects 19 to 31, wherein the sensing is one of UL sensing or DL ​​sensing.

[0212] Aspect 33 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising a memory and at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor being configured to perform a method according to any one of aspects 19 to 32.

[0213] Aspect 34 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising means for performing the method according to any one of aspects 19 to 32.

[0214] Aspect 35 is an apparatus according to aspect 33 or 34, wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive an indication via at least one of the antenna or the transceiver.

[0215] Aspect 36 is a computer-readable medium (eg, a non-transitory computer-readable medium) comprising instructions that, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 19 to 32.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: Memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, configured to: obtaining a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; as well as Sending or receiving an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication or whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication, respectively. 2 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is configured to be periodically activated.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is configured to be activated upon receiving downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE). 4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one time window comprises at least one time domain window (TDW) and a sensing measurement window, and wherein the at least one TDW occurs within the sensing measurement window. 5 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the at least one TDW comprises a first TDW, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit or receive a plurality of reference signals during the first TDW while maintaining the phase coherence.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the at least one TDW comprises at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive at least one first reference signal during the at least one first TDW, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive at least one second reference signal during the at least one second TDW.

7. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receiving a second indication from the network node, the second indication indicating that the UE is to measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW; and Based on receiving the second indication, the UE is configured to measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW while maintaining the phase coherence.

8. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: A second indication is received from the network node based on the transmission indication, the second indication indicating that the network node has dropped transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal or that resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled.

9. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the indication is a transmit indication indicating a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receiving, from the network node, a second indication of at least one length of the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to the maximum duration; and At least one sensing reference signal is sent for the network node during the at least one TDW while the UE is configured to maintain the phase coherence, wherein the at least one TDW has the at least one length.

10. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: At least one sensing reference signal is sent to the network node based on the reception indication during the at least one TDW.

11. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Transmission of at least one sensing reference signal is skipped based on the reception indication.

12. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to occurrence of at least one event, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: generating at least one additional TDW based on said occurrence of said at least one event; and At least one sensing reference signal is transmitted during the additional at least one TDW while the UE is configured to maintain the phase coherence.

13. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the indication is a transmitted indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to occurrence of at least one event, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Transmission of at least one sensing reference signal is skipped based on the occurrence of the at least one event.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sensing is one of uplink (UL) sensing or downlink (DL) sensing.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to send or receive the indication, the at least one processor is configured to send or receive the indication via at least one of the antenna or the transceiver.

16. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, the apparatus comprising: Memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, configured to: sending, for a user equipment (UE), a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; as well as Sending or receiving an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication or whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication, respectively. The apparatus according to claim 16 , wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is configured to be periodically activated.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the configuration further indicates that the at least one time window is configured to be activated based on receiving downlink control information (DCI) or a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE).

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one time window comprises at least one time domain window (TDW) and a sensing measurement window, and wherein the at least one TDW occurs within the sensing measurement window.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one TDW comprises a first TDW, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit or receive a plurality of reference signals during the first TDW while maintaining the phase coherence.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one TDW comprises at least one first TDW and at least one second TDW, wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive at least one first reference signal during the at least one first TDW, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to send or receive at least one second reference signal during the at least one second TDW.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: sending a second indication to the UE, the second indication indicating that the UE is to measure the at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW; and Based on sending the second indication, at least one measurement of the at least one sensing reference signal is received from the UE.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the configuration further indicates that the UE is to measure at least one sensing reference signal during the at least one TDW, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: A second indication is sent to the UE, the second indication indicating that transmission of the at least one sensing reference signal has been dropped or resources associated with the transmission have been rescheduled.

24. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating a maximum duration during which the UE can maintain transmit phase continuity, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: sending, for the UE, a second indication of at least one length of the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one length of the at least one TDW is less than or equal to the maximum duration; and At least one sensing reference signal is received from the UE during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one TDW has the at least one length.

25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the indication is a transmit indication indicating that the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one TDW, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: At least one sensing reference signal is received from the UE based on the transmission indication during the at least one TDW while the network node is configured to maintain the phase coherence.

26. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the indication is a transmit indication indicating that the network node is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW.

27. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the indication is a received indication indicating that the UE is unable to maintain the phase coherence during the at least one TDW due to occurrence of at least one event, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: At least one sensing reference signal is received during an additional at least one TDW based on the occurrence of the at least one event.

28. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to send or receive the indication, the at least one processor is configured to send or receive the indication via at least one of the antenna or the transceiver.

29. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: obtaining a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; as well as Sending or receiving an indication of whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication or whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication, respectively.

30. A method of wireless communication at a network node, the method comprising: sending, for a user equipment (UE), a configuration indicating at least one time window associated with at least one of sensing or communicating, during which phase coherence is to be maintained; as well as Sending or receiving an indication of whether the network node is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication or whether the UE is capable of maintaining the phase coherence during the at least one time window associated with at least one of the sensing or the communication, respectively.

Images