Ventilation device for building energy conservation

Abstract

The ventilation device for building energy conservation comprises a ventilation assembly and a drainage flushing assembly, and the front end and the rear end of a communication pipe communicate with inner cavities of two ventilation pipes correspondingly; one or two drainage pipes are arranged in the communicating pipe, drainage holes correspondingly communicated with the two ventilating pipes respectively are formed in the side walls of the drainage pipes, and the drainage holes face the outer side; one or two drainage pipes are connected with a driving source, the driving source can drive the two drainage pipes to synchronously contract inwards into the communicating pipe or synchronously extend outwards into the corresponding ventilation pipes to make contact with the inner walls of the ventilation pipes correspondingly, and therefore airflow in one ventilation pipe is guided into the adjacent ventilation pipe, and the airflow in the other ventilation pipe is guided into the corresponding ventilation pipe. And the filter screens in the adjacent ventilation pipes are backwashed. A linkage type airflow reconstruction mechanism is adopted, and automatic back flushing of the filter screen is achieved through the running airflow of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building ventilation, and in particular to a ventilation device for building energy saving. Background Art

[0002] Building ventilation is a key technical means of ensuring a healthy indoor environment and achieving energy efficiency. By removing polluted indoor air and introducing fresh outdoor air, ventilation effectively reduces the concentration of harmful substances such as bacteria and viruses, maintaining fresh and hygienic air, and thus improving the building's overall energy efficiency. Currently, a common practice is to install fans in vents for active ventilation when there is no natural wind, and to fully utilize natural wind for ventilation when it is available. To prevent dust and debris from entering the room with the airflow, vents are often equipped with filters. However, with extended use, filters become clogged with dust and floating debris, increasing ventilation resistance, significantly reducing air flow efficiency, forcing the ventilation system to decline in effectiveness, and impacting its normal operation. Furthermore, because vents are often located high up in buildings, frequent and risky manual cleaning operations are required, which is extremely inconvenient and poses significant safety risks, increasing maintenance costs.

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to study a ventilation device for building energy saving. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device for building energy saving, which effectively solves the problems of energy efficiency decline caused by filter blockage, safety hazards and high cost of manual maintenance of existing ventilation devices.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a ventilation device for energy saving in a building, comprising a ventilation component and a drainage and flushing component, the ventilation component comprising a first ventilation pipe, a second ventilation pipe, and a filter screen and an exhaust fan arranged in the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe; the outer inlet end and the inner outlet end of the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are respectively provided with air volume adjustment parts; the drainage and flushing component comprises a connecting pipe, a drainage pipe and a driving source, the connecting pipe is located between the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, and the front and rear ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the inner cavities of the two ventilation pipes; one or two drainage pipes are provided in the connecting pipe, and the side wall of the drainage pipe is provided with air volume adjustment parts corresponding to the two ventilation pipes respectively The drainage holes are connected, and the drainage holes face outward; one or two drainage tubes are respectively connected to a driving source. When there is only one drainage tube, the driving source can drive the drainage tube to move outward from the connecting tube to the first ventilation tube or the second ventilation tube, and contact the inner wall of the corresponding ventilation tube to block one ventilation tube so that the airflow is drained into the other ventilation tube; when there are two drainage tubes, the two are connected by a telescopic tube. The driving source can drive the two drainage tubes to synchronously shrink inward into the connecting tube, or synchronously extend outward into the corresponding ventilation tube, and respectively contact the inner wall of the ventilation tube, so that the airflow in one ventilation tube is guided into the adjacent ventilation tube to backwash the filter in the adjacent ventilation tube.

[0006] Furthermore, when there are two drainage tubes, the driving source includes a driving motor, a gear and a rack. An avoidance channel is provided between the drainage tube and the connecting tube. The driving motor is fixed in the avoidance channel. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor. The rack is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

[0007] Furthermore, when there are two drainage tubes, the driving source includes a driving motor, a reverse-threaded screw and a transverse axis. The bottoms of the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube are recessed downward to form a sinking cavity. The driving motor is fixed to the outer end of the sinking cavity. The reverse-threaded screw is arranged in the sinking cavity along the transverse rotation, and the reverse-threaded screw is connected to the motor output shaft for transmission. The transverse axis is arranged parallel to one side of the reverse-threaded screw, and a movable seat is provided on the reverse-threaded screw and the transverse axis. The top of the movable seat extends upward, and its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drainage tube.

[0008] Furthermore, when there are two drainage tubes, the side walls of the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube are tightly attached together, and a movable transposition drive assembly is provided underneath the two; and the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube are both provided with an interlayer; the movable transposition drive assembly is used to drive the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube to move synchronously toward each other into the corresponding ventilation tubes, or to be synchronously hidden inward into the connecting tube.

[0009] Furthermore, the mobile transposition drive assembly includes a transposition motor, a side rack and a main gear. The transposition motor is fixed in the middle of the connecting tube and is located between the two drainage tubes. The main gear is fixed on the output shaft of the transposition motor. Side racks are respectively fixed on the adjacent side walls of the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube, and the side racks on both sides of the main gear are engaged with the main gear.

[0010] Furthermore, an air inlet a and an air inlet b are provided on the side wall of the second drainage tube on the side adjacent to the first drainage tube, and the air inlets a and b are respectively located at the left and right ends of the second drainage tube, and an air inlet c and an air inlet d are provided on the side wall of the first drainage tube on the side adjacent to the second drainage tube, and the air inlets c and d are respectively located at the left and right ends of the first drainage tube; docking ports are symmetrically provided on the top and bottom of the first drainage tube, exhaust holes that can be connected to the docking ports are respectively provided on the top and bottom of the inner walls of the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube, the exhaust holes are connected to the interlayer of the two ventilation tubes, and exhaust ports inclined toward the filter are provided on the side walls around the ventilation tube on the inner side of the filter.

[0011] Furthermore, a knocking assembly is installed at the exhaust port of the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct, and the knocking assembly includes a mounting frame, a guide wheel, an eccentric wheel, a connecting rod and a striking block. A filter seat is fixed in the two ventilation ducts, and the filter seat is connected to the filter by a spring, and a rubber layer is provided on the filter wall outside the spring; the mounting frame is fixed in the ventilation duct, the guide wheel is rotatably set in the mounting frame, the eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the guide wheel, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is slidably mounted on the support, and the striking block is fixed to the outer end of the connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, in the case of a drainage tube, the driving source is arranged in the connecting tube, including a transverse motor, a gear and a rack. An avoidance channel is provided between the drainage tube and the connecting tube. The transverse motor is fixed in the avoidance channel, the gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, the rack is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube, and the rack is engaged with the gear.

[0013] Furthermore, a support rail is fixed in the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe; one end of the support rail is fixed to the connecting pipe, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the ventilation pipe, which is used to provide support force for the drainage pipe to slide forward and backward.

[0014] Furthermore, the air volume regulating member includes an air volume regulating valve and louvers, the air volume regulating valve is fixed at the outer inlet ends of the two ventilation pipes, and the louvers are fixed at the inner outlet ends of the two ventilation pipes.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the energy-saving building ventilation device provided by the present invention constructs a dynamic reconstruction mechanism of the airflow in adjacent ducts based on a slidable guide tube, and controls the precise displacement of the guide tube between the connecting tube and the ventilation tube by a driving source, thereby realizing zero-energy autonomous switching between normal ventilation and filter cleaning modes; adopts a double-layer ventilation tube structure and configures a circumferentially distributed inclined exhaust port to form a sandwich airflow channel that avoids the exhaust fan impeller, ensuring that the high-pressure airflow evenly covers the filter after bypassing for backwashing without dead angles, thereby solving the airflow attenuation defect; in addition, the integrated airflow-driven mechanical vibration auxiliary system converts the airflow kinetic energy into high-frequency mechanical knocking force through the guide wheel-eccentric wheel-connecting rod mechanism, forming a synergistic effect with the airflow flushing, significantly enhancing the stripping efficiency of deeply embedded pollutants. The above-mentioned airflow reconstruction mechanism realizes automatic filter cleaning while maintaining continuous ventilation of the building, effectively avoiding the risks and maintenance costs of manual operations at high altitudes; the double-layer pipe and distributed exhaust design greatly improve the utilization rate of the clean airflow pressure, meeting the requirements of long-term operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ventilation device of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connecting pipe; Figure 4 Implement structural diagrams for different drive source structures; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the drainage tube; Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage tube in different implementation states; Figure 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a ventilation duct; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the knock component.

[0017] Figure 1: Wall, 2: Ventilation assembly, 3: Drainage and flushing assembly, 4: First ventilation pipe, 5: Second ventilation pipe, 6: Air volume regulating valve, 7: Louver, 8: Connecting pipe, 9: Filter, 10: Exhaust fan, 11: Support rail, 12: Sinking cavity, 13: Drainage pipe, 131: Second drainage pipe, 132: First drainage pipe, 14: Telescopic pipe, 151: Drive motor, 152: Screw, 153: Horizontal axis, 154: Moving seat, 16: Drainage hole, 17: Avoidance passage duct, 18-drive assembly, 181-transverse motor, 182-gear, 183-rack, 20-interlayer, 21-exhaust hole, 22-mobile transposition drive assembly, 221-transposition motor, 222-side rack, 223-main gear, 23-air inlet duct, 24-cleaning air duct, 25-baffle, 26-gear lever, 27-docking port, 28-exhaust outlet, 29-guide wheel, 30-strike block, 31-spring, 32-rubber layer, 33-filter seat, 34-mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1. This embodiment aims to provide a ventilation device for building energy conservation, which is mainly used to achieve efficient exchange and purification of indoor and outdoor air in buildings, while ensuring continuous ventilation efficiency and reducing energy consumption. In response to the problems in the prior art that the filter screen is easily clogged, resulting in reduced ventilation efficiency, and manual cleaning operations at heights are risky and have high maintenance costs, this embodiment sets a sliding guide pipe structure between adjacent ventilation ducts. Without interrupting the overall ventilation function, the airflow of adjacent ducts is automatically guided to the target filter screen for reverse high-pressure blowing, thereby achieving automated cleaning of dust accumulated on the filter screen. This design effectively prevents the problem of increased ventilation resistance caused by filter screen clogging, effectively solves the safety hazard problem of manual operations at heights, and utilizes the airflow in adjacent ventilation ducts to complete the cleaning of the filter screen, effectively preventing clogging, thereby ensuring continuous and efficient ventilation and building energy-saving effects, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the ventilation system and maintaining the building energy-saving effects.

[0019] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the ventilation device for building energy saving provided in this embodiment includes a ventilation component 2 and a drainage and flushing component 3, wherein the ventilation component 2 includes a first ventilation pipe 4, a second ventilation pipe 5, and a filter 9 and an exhaust fan 10 arranged in the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, wherein the filter 9 and the exhaust fan 10 are spaced apart from the outside to the inside. In actual application, two adjacent ventilation pipes are grouped together, and the air flow is guided to flush and clean the filter in each other's ventilation pipe.

[0020] The filter 9 and the exhaust fan 10 are fixed in the first ventilation duct 4 and the second ventilation duct 5 at intervals from the outside to the inside, and air volume adjustment members are respectively provided at the outer inlet end and the inner outlet end of the first ventilation duct 4 and the second ventilation duct 5; specifically, the air volume adjustment member in this embodiment includes an air volume adjustment valve 6 and a louver 7 (the structural design and installation and control of the two are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here). The air volume adjustment valve 6 is located outdoors and is fixed to the outer inlet ends of the two ventilation ducts respectively to adjust the air volume in and out of the ventilation ducts. The louver 7 is located indoors and is fixed to the inner inlet ends of the two ventilation ducts respectively. On the one hand, the angle of the blades is adjusted to guide the airflow to diffuse evenly into the room in a specific direction, avoiding direct blowing on the human body, while promoting the circulation and mixing of indoor air. On the other hand, it can also cooperate with a drainage pipe to control the path of the airflow, so that the airflow is guided to the ventilation duct that needs to be cleaned, and then the airflow is blown in the opposite direction to the blocked filter 9, forcefully blowing off the dust accumulated on the filter 9, thereby achieving automatic cleaning.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the drainage and flushing assembly 3 includes a connecting pipe 8, a drainage pipe 13 and a driving source, wherein the connecting pipe 8 is located between the first ventilation pipe 4 and the second ventilation pipe 5, and the front and rear ends of the connecting pipe 8 are respectively connected to the inner cavities of the two ventilation pipes. There is one or two drainage pipes 13 in the connecting pipe, and the side walls of the one or two drainage pipes 13 are provided with drainage holes 16 corresponding to the inner cavities of the first ventilation pipe 4 and the second ventilation pipe 5 (wherein the opening position of the drainage hole is adaptively adjusted to the length and position corresponding to the actual one or two drainage pipes), and the drainage hole 16 faces the outdoor direction, and is recessed at the bottom of the first ventilation pipe 4 and the second ventilation pipe 5 to form a sinking cavity 12, and the one or two drainage pipes 13 are respectively connected to the driving source, and the driving source can be set in the sinking cavity 12, so that the flow direction of the airflow can be guided by controlling the reciprocating movement of the drainage pipe 13.

[0022] Further, if Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in this embodiment, two drainage tubes 13 are symmetrically slidably provided in the connecting tube 8, and the two drainage tubes 13 are connected by a telescopic tube 14. The telescopic tube 14 here can be a flexible tubular structure that can be extended or folded, such as a bellows. Support rails 11 are fixed at intervals at the docking points of the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube with the connecting tube 8. The support rails are arranged below the docking port, and the two ends thereof are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the ventilation tubes respectively, so that when the drainage tubes move outward from the connecting tubes into the ventilation tubes, they can provide support for the movement of the drainage tubes, ensure the stability of their movement, and avoid being suspended in the air.

[0023] For the setting of the driving source of the two drainage tubes 13 in this embodiment, the following can be adopted: Figure 4In the structure shown in (a), the driving source is respectively arranged in the sinking cavity 12 of the two connecting pipes 8, including a driving motor 151, a screw 152 and a horizontal shaft 153. The driving motor 151 is fixed to the outer end of the sinking cavity 12, and the screw 152 is arranged in the sinking cavity 12 to rotate horizontally, and the screw 152 is connected to the motor output shaft. The horizontal shaft 153 is arranged parallel to the screw 152 and below. A movable seat 154 is installed on the screw 152 and the horizontal shaft 153. The top of the movable seat 154 extends upward, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drainage pipe 13. Therefore, the two driving motors 151 are controlled by the controller to work, so as to drive the movable seat 154 to move left and right along the screw 152, so as to drive the two drainage pipes 13 to move outward synchronously into the ventilation pipe and contact with the inner wall of the ventilation pipe to guide the movement of the airflow, so as to facilitate the cleaning action, or to shrink inward synchronously into the connecting pipe 8 without affecting the normal ventilation work of each ventilation pipe.

[0024] Regarding the setting of the driving source of the two drainage tubes 13, the following can also be adopted: Figure 4 The structure shown in (b) is that a driving motor 151 is fixed at the interface between the first ventilation pipe or the second ventilation pipe and the connecting pipe through an L-shaped plate, and a reverse-threaded screw 152 is installed in the connecting pipe 8 through a bearing to rotate horizontally, and a horizontal axis 153 is arranged parallel to the reverse-threaded screw 152 below. A movable seat 154 is provided on the screw 152 and the horizontal axis 153, and the movable seat 154 is correspondingly arranged on two opposite thread segments, and the top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drainage pipe 13 respectively, so that the driving motor 151 is controlled by the controller to work, and can drive the two drainage pipes 13 to synchronously retract inward into the connecting pipe 8, or synchronously extend outward into the corresponding ventilation pipe, and respectively contact the inner wall of the ventilation pipe, so that the airflow in one ventilation pipe is guided to the adjacent ventilation pipe to backwash the filter 9 in the adjacent ventilation pipe.

[0025] Working Principle: The core operating mechanism of the energy-saving building ventilation device provided in this embodiment is divided into two modes: normal ventilation and cleaning of the filter 9. In the normal ventilation mode, the drive source controls the drainage tube 13 to be hidden within the connecting tube 8. The outdoor air volume control valve 6 is then opened. Under the action of the exhaust fan 10, fresh outdoor air is independently filtered through the dual ventilation tubes and evenly introduced into the room through the louvers 7 to ensure effective indoor ventilation. When the filter 9 needs to be cleaned, for example, the first ventilation tube 4 can be used as the air inlet channel. The drive source then synchronously controls the two drainage tubes 13 to move outward from the connecting tube 8, causing the outer ends of the drainage tubes 13 to contact the inner wall of the ventilation tube, thereby blocking the airflow path to the louvers 7. The airflow from the first ventilation tube 4 enters the cavity of the drainage tube 13 through the drainage holes 16, is transported to the second ventilation tube through the contraction tube, and flows outward from the drainage holes 16 of the second ventilation tube, forming a high-pressure airflow that impacts the filter 9 from the indoor side, continuously removing dust accumulated on the filter 9 and achieving a flushing and cleaning operation. When cleaning the filter 9 in the first ventilation pipe 4, it is only necessary to use the second ventilation pipe 5 as an air inlet and adjust the air flow direction accordingly.

[0026] The energy-saving building ventilation device provided in this embodiment adopts a linked airflow reconstruction mechanism. By arranging a sliding drainage pipe structure between adjacent ventilation ducts, the system's own operating airflow is used to realize automatic backwashing of the filter without interrupting the overall ventilation function. The alternating working mode of the dual ventilation ducts ensures the continuity of the building's ventilation function, ensures the stability of indoor air quality and thermal environment control, significantly reduces the frequency of filter maintenance and maintains continuous and efficient air exchange capacity.

[0027] Example 2: The similarities between this embodiment and Example 1 are not repeated here. The difference is that in this embodiment, a drainage tube is slidably sleeved in the connecting tube. When there is one drainage tube, the driving assembly is arranged in the connecting tube to control the reciprocating movement of the drainage tube in the two ventilation tubes. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the drive assembly 18 includes a transverse motor 181, a gear 182, and a rack 183. An escape channel 17 is provided between the drainage tube 13 and the connecting tube 8. Specifically, the drainage tube 13 is recessed inward to form an escape channel 17 with a rectangular cross-section for installation of the drive assembly 18. In this embodiment, the transverse motor 181 is fixed in the escape channel 17, the gear 182 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 151, and the rack 183 is fixed to the side wall of the drainage tube 13, and the rack 183 is meshed with the gear 182. The transverse motor 181 is driven by a controller to operate, and the meshing of the gear 182 and the rack 183 is used to drive the drainage tube 13 to move in the connecting tube 8.

[0028] Working principle description: When a drainage pipe 13 is used, it needs to be used in conjunction with the louver 7 on the ventilation pipe to be cleaned to guide the direction of gas movement. For example, when cleaning the second ventilation pipe 5, the component regulating valve on the first ventilation pipe 4 is opened to the maximum, and the exhaust fan 10 in the first ventilation pipe 4 is turned on to ensure a continuous supply of outdoor gas, so that the first ventilation pipe 4 is used as an air inlet channel, and then the transverse motor 181 is controlled to work, and the gear 182 and the rack 183 are engaged to drive the drainage pipe 13 to move toward the direction of the first ventilation pipe 4 until it moves to make the drainage pipe 13 move toward the direction of the first ventilation pipe 4. The outer ends of flow tubes 13 contact the inner walls of the ventilation ducts, blocking the airflow path to the louvers 7 of the first ventilation duct 4. This connects the drainage holes 16 corresponding to the first ventilation duct 4, while the drainage holes 16 corresponding to the second ventilation duct 5 are blocked. Air from the first ventilation duct 4 enters the cavity of drainage tube 13 through the drainage holes 16. Simultaneously, the air volume control valve 6 and louvers 7 on the second ventilation duct 5 are temporarily closed, causing the air discharged from the connecting tube 8 to the second ventilation duct 5 to move toward the outside, thereby backwashing the filter 9 in the second ventilation duct 5. To clean the filter in the first ventilation duct 4, simply use the second ventilation duct as an air inlet and adjust the airflow direction accordingly.

[0029] The simplified mechanical structure design in this embodiment effectively reduces the overall complexity and manufacturing cost of the device, while maintaining efficient self-cleaning capabilities and improving the convenience of using the device.

[0030] Example 3, based on Example 1, will not be repeated in detail with respect to the similarities between this example and Example 1. Only the differences will be described. In the above example, after the airflow is directed to the duct to be cleaned, although the exhaust fan in the duct to be cleaned is not operating, the stationary exhaust fan impeller structure will cause a certain degree of obstruction to the flow of airflow, thereby causing airflow turbulence loss and dynamic pressure attenuation, reducing the flow rate, and directly affecting the impact strength of the backwash airflow on the filter. Therefore, this example provides an alternative structure of the drainage pipe and ventilation pipe to ensure the intensity of the airflow flushing the filter.

[0031] like Figure 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the two ventilation pipes are set to a double-layer structure, that is, the first ventilation pipe 4 and the second ventilation pipe 5 are both made into a double-layer structure, so that a mezzanine 20 is provided on the two ventilation pipes, and the drainage pipe 13 in this embodiment includes a first drainage pipe 132 and a second drainage pipe 131, and the side walls of the two drainage pipes 13 are tightly attached to each other, and an avoidance area for the installation of a movable transposition drive assembly 22 is provided below the two, which is used to control the first drainage pipe 132 and the second drainage pipe 131 to move outward synchronously toward each other into the corresponding ventilation pipe or hide inward into the connecting pipe 8.

[0032] In the specific implementation structure, the mobile transposition drive assembly 22 includes a transposition motor 221, a side rack 222 and a main gear 223. The transposition motor 221 is fixed in the middle of the connecting tube 8 and is located between the two drainage tubes 13. The main gear 223 is fixed on the output shaft of the transposition motor 221. Side racks 222 are respectively fixed on the adjacent side walls of the first drainage tube 132 and the second drainage tube 131, and the side racks 222 on both sides of the main gear 223 are engaged with the main gear 223. When the controller drives the shift motor to work, the engagement between the main gear 223 and the side racks 222 on both sides can make the drainage tubes 13 on both sides move toward each other synchronously.

[0033] Further, if Figure 7 As shown, an air inlet a and an air inlet b are provided on the side wall of the second drainage tube 131 adjacent to the first drainage tube 132, with the air inlets a and b located at the left and right ends of the second drainage tube 131, respectively. An air inlet c and an air inlet d are provided on the side wall of the first drainage tube 132 adjacent to the second drainage tube 131, with the air inlets c and d located at the left and right ends of the first drainage tube 132, respectively. Docking ports 27 are symmetrically provided at the top and bottom of the first drainage tube 132. Correspondingly, exhaust holes 21 are provided at the top and bottom of the inner walls of the first and second ventilation tubes 4 and 5, respectively, which are capable of communicating with the docking ports 27. The exhaust holes 21 are connected to the interlayer 20 of the two ventilation tubes. An exhaust port 28 is provided on the side walls of the ventilation tubes on the inner side of the filter 9, inclined toward the filter 9.

[0034] In addition, a shift rod 26 is slidably inserted at both ends of the first drainage tube 132. The outer end of the shift rod 26 extends to the outside of the first drainage tube 132 and is matched with a spring 31. The inner end of the shift rod 26 moves inward into the first drainage tube 132 and is fixed with a baffle 25. The shift rod 26 is slidably inserted at the top of the first drainage tube 132, so as not to block or interfere with the airflow, thereby maximizing the flow rate of the airflow sprayed toward the filter 9.

[0035] The present embodiment is set up as follows Figure 7As shown, when the filter screen 9 in the first ventilation pipe 4 needs to be cleaned, the second ventilation pipe 5 is used as the air inlet duct 23, and the first ventilation pipe 4 is used as the cleaning duct 24. The transposition motor 221 is driven to move, so that the second drainage pipe 131 moves rightward into the second ventilation pipe 5, and the side wall of the second drainage pipe 131 contacts the inner wall of the second ventilation pipe 5. The first drainage pipe 132 moves leftward into the first ventilation pipe 4, and the side wall of the first drainage pipe 132 contacts the inner wall of the first ventilation pipe 4. At this time, air is introduced inward from the air inlet a, and the air inlet b and Air inlet d is connected to the corresponding connection. The docking port 27 on the left side of the first drainage tube 132 is connected to the exhaust hole 21 on the first ventilation tube 4. Air inlet c is blocked by a baffle 25. After entering the first drainage tube 132, air flows directly into the ventilation tube interlayer 20 through the docking port 27 and exhaust hole 21, without flowing out through air inlet c. After entering the interlayer 20 through the exhaust holes 21 at the upper and lower ends of the first ventilation tube 4, the air is dispersed to the surrounding area and then ejected toward the filter screen 9 through the exhaust ports 28 around the front side of the filter screen 9, achieving reverse flushing of the filter screen 9. After cleaning, the two drainage tubes 13 can be reset.

[0036] When the filter 9 in the second ventilation duct 5 needs to be cleaned, the first ventilation duct 4 is used as the air inlet duct 23, and the second ventilation duct 5 is used as the cleaning air duct 24. The transposition motor 221 is driven to move, so that the first guide pipe 132 moves to the right into the second ventilation duct 5, and the side wall of the first guide pipe 132 contacts the inner wall of the second ventilation duct 5, so that the second guide pipe 131 moves to the left into the first ventilation duct 4, and the side wall of the second guide pipe 131 contacts the inner wall of the first ventilation duct 4. At this time, air enters inward at the air inlet b, and the air inlet a and the air inlet c are correspondingly connected. The docking port 27 on the right side of the first guide pipe 132 is correspondingly connected with the exhaust hole 21 on the second ventilation duct 5, and the air inlet d is blocked by the baffle 25. The gas enters the interlayer 20 from the exhaust holes 21 at the upper and lower ends of the second ventilation duct 5 and disperses to the surrounding areas, and then is sprayed toward the filter 9 through the exhaust ports 28 around the front side of the filter 9, thereby realizing back flushing of the filter 9. After cleaning is completed, the two drainage tubes 13 are reset.

[0037] The arrangement of the drainage and ventilation ducts in this embodiment, through the combination of the ventilation duct interlayer channel and distributed inclined exhaust ports, guides the high-pressure airflow completely around the exhaust fan structure and evenly sprays it circumferentially from the inner side of the filter, significantly improving the airflow pressure utilization and impact coverage. Driven by precision rack and pinion drive, the dual drainage ducts achieve synchronous and precise displacement, combined with a baffle-type adaptive sealing structure to ensure zero leakage when switching airflow paths. The interlayer airflow distribution design creates a surrounding high-pressure air curtain for clean airflow, penetrating the filter pores and significantly improving the efficiency of removing deep-seated dust.

[0038] Example 4, based on Example 3, in order to improve the efficiency of cleaning the filter, especially to remove the pollutants deeply attached to the filter, this embodiment installs a knocking component at the exhaust port of the ventilation pipe, such as Figure 9 As shown, the knocking assembly in this embodiment includes a mounting frame 34, a guide wheel 29, an eccentric wheel, a connecting rod and a striking block 30. A filter seat 33 is fixed in the ventilation pipe, and the filter seat is connected to the filter by a spring 31, and a rubber layer 32 is provided on the filter wall outside the spring; the mounting frame is fixed in the ventilation pipe, the guide wheel is rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, and the eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the guide wheel. One end of the connecting rod is hinged on the eccentric wheel, and the other end is slidably mounted on the support, and the striking block is fixed to the outer end of the connecting rod; the airflow blows the guide wheel to rotate, and the eccentric wheel is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, so that the connecting rod drives the striking block to move back and forth left and right, thereby continuously knocking the filter screen through the striking block. In addition, in actual application, a dust collection pipe can also be set at the bottom of the ventilation pipe, and the outer end of the dust collection pipe is connected to a dust collection box. The dust collection box is set below the air volume control valve to collect dust scattered from the filter screen.

[0039] This setup converts the kinetic energy of high-pressure airflow into periodic mechanical impact forces through the guide wheel, creating a synergistic cleaning effect of airflow scouring and physical vibration. When the high-pressure airflow impacts the guide wheel, its rotating shaft drives the eccentric wheel, which, through a connecting rod mechanism, converts the rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion of the striking block, causing it to continuously strike the filter frame. The filter is connected to the filter holder via a spring, forming an elastic vibration system that generates high-frequency, micro-amplitude vibrations under the action of the impact force. This combined action mechanism effectively loosens sticky contaminants deeply embedded in the filter fiber pores, significantly improving the removal efficiency of fine particles and oily dust. Simultaneously, the vibration process causes dynamic deformation of the filter surface, accelerating the removal of the dust layer and creating a synergistic removal effect with the reverse airflow. This design, completely independent of external energy sources, converts airflow energy into mechanical vibration energy, significantly enhancing the deep purification capabilities of the self-cleaning system. It is particularly suitable for long-term, stable operation in highly polluted environments, further reducing the frequency of filter replacements and the maintenance costs of the system throughout its lifecycle.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit its scope. The fundamental concept of the present invention is to utilize airflow from adjacent ducts to create a dynamic closed loop. This means that during normal ventilation, the two ducts operate independently. During filter cleaning, a sliding drainage tube blocks the normal path, directing airflow into the target duct to create a high-pressure reverse flush. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for building energy saving, characterized by: The invention comprises a ventilation component and a drainage and flushing component, wherein the ventilation component comprises a first ventilation pipe, a second ventilation pipe, and a filter screen and an exhaust fan arranged in the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe; the outer inlet end and the inner outlet end of the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are respectively provided with an air volume adjustment member; the drainage and flushing component comprises a connecting pipe, a drainage pipe and a driving source, the connecting pipe is located between the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, and the front and rear ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the inner cavities of the two ventilation pipes; one or two drainage pipes are provided in the connecting pipe, and drainage holes corresponding to the two ventilation pipes are provided on the side wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage holes face outwards One or two drainage tubes are respectively connected to a driving source. When there is only one drainage tube, the driving source can drive the drainage tube to move outward from the connecting tube to the first ventilation tube or the second ventilation tube, and contact the inner wall of the corresponding ventilation tube to block one ventilation tube so that the airflow is drained into the other ventilation tube; when there are two drainage tubes, the two are connected by a telescopic tube. The driving source can drive the two drainage tubes to synchronously shrink inward into the connecting tube, or synchronously extend outward into the corresponding ventilation tube, and contact the inner wall of the ventilation tube respectively, so that the airflow in one ventilation tube is guided into the adjacent ventilation tube to backwash the filter in the adjacent ventilation tube.

2. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are two drainage tubes, the driving source includes a driving motor, a gear and a rack. An avoidance channel is provided between the drainage tube and the connecting tube. The driving motor is fixed in the avoidance channel, the gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, and the rack is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

3. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are two drainage tubes, the driving source includes a driving motor, a reverse-threaded screw and a transverse axis. The bottoms of the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube are recessed downward to form a sinking cavity. The driving motor is fixed to the outer end of the sinking cavity, and the reverse-threaded screw is arranged in the sinking cavity along the transverse rotation, and the reverse-threaded screw is connected to the motor output shaft for transmission. The transverse axis is arranged parallel to one side of the reverse-threaded screw, and a movable seat is provided on the reverse-threaded screw and the transverse axis. The top of the movable seat extends upward, and its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drainage tube.

4. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are two drainage tubes, the side walls of the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube are tightly attached together, and a movable transposition drive assembly is provided underneath the two; and the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube are both provided with an interlayer; the movable transposition drive assembly is used to drive the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube to move synchronously toward each other into the corresponding ventilation tubes, or to hide synchronously inward into the connecting tube.

5. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mobile transposition drive assembly includes a transposition motor, a side rack and a main gear. The transposition motor is fixed in the middle of the connecting pipe and is located between the two drainage pipes. The main gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the transposition motor. Side racks are respectively fixed on the adjacent side walls of the first drainage pipe and the second drainage pipe, and the side racks on both sides of the main gear are engaged with the main gear.

6. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air inlet a and an air inlet b are provided on the side wall of the second drainage tube on the side adjacent to the first drainage tube, and the two air inlets a and b are respectively located at the left and right ends of the second drainage tube; an air inlet c and an air inlet d are provided on the side wall of the first drainage tube on the side adjacent to the second drainage tube, and the two air inlets c and d are respectively located at the left and right ends of the first drainage tube; docking ports are symmetrically provided on the top and bottom of the first drainage tube, exhaust holes that can be connected to the docking ports are respectively provided on the top and bottom of the inner walls of the first ventilation tube and the second ventilation tube, and the exhaust holes are connected to the interlayer of the two ventilation tubes, and exhaust ports inclined toward the filter are provided on the side walls around the ventilation tube on the inner side of the filter.

7. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A knocking assembly is installed at the exhaust port of the first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct, and the knocking assembly includes a mounting frame, a guide wheel, an eccentric wheel, a connecting rod and a striking block. A filter seat is fixed in the two ventilation ducts, and the filter seat is connected to the filter by a spring, and a rubber layer is provided on the filter wall outside the spring; the mounting frame is fixed in the ventilation duct, and the guide wheel is rotatably set in the mounting frame, and the eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft of the guide wheel, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is slidably mounted on the support, and the striking block is fixed to the outer end of the connecting rod.

8. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there is only one drainage tube, the driving source is arranged in the connecting tube, including a transverse motor, a gear and a rack. An avoidance channel is provided between the drainage tube and the connecting tube. The transverse motor is fixed in the avoidance channel, the gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor, the rack is fixed on the side wall of the drainage tube, and the rack is engaged with the gear.

9. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support rail is fixed in the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe; one end of the support rail is fixed to the connecting pipe, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the ventilation pipe, which is used to provide support force for the drainage pipe to slide forward and backward.

10. The building energy-saving ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air volume regulating member comprises an air volume regulating valve and louvers. The air volume regulating valve is fixed on the outer inlet ends of the two ventilation pipes, and the louvers are fixed on the inner outlet ends of the two ventilation pipes.

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