Lithium battery pack immersed cooling and state monitoring device

Abstract

The invention provides an immersed cooling and state monitoring device for a lithium battery pack. The immersed cooling and state monitoring device mainly comprises a compression nut, a movable end plate, the lithium battery pack, a box body, a vertical pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, an elbow, an active pressure release valve, a safety valve, a pressure sensor, a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a cover plate and the like. The cover plate is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the box body, the lithium battery pack is clamped by the movable end plate and arranged in the box body, and cooling liquid enters the box body through the liquid inlet pipe, can immerse all lithium batteries and is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe. The pressure sensor is fixed in the box body and can monitor the pressure change of the lithium battery pack in real time. The system has the advantages of monitoring the voltage, temperature and pressure of the lithium battery in real time and the like, dynamically adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid according to the signals, and simultaneously performing active early warning and pressure relief so as to improve the temperature control and safety performance of the lithium battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries and relates to a lithium battery pack thermal management and status monitoring device, and in particular to an immersion cooling and status monitoring device for a lithium battery pack. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, lithium batteries are widely used due to their high energy density and long lifespan. However, lithium batteries generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process. If this heat cannot be dissipated promptly, it will cause the battery temperature to rise, performance to degrade, and even lead to safety hazards such as thermal runaway. Therefore, battery thermal management technology has become critical to ensuring battery safety and service life.

[0003] Currently, common battery cooling technologies include air cooling, liquid cooling, and material phase change cooling systems. However, each of these three cooling systems has its own limitations: air cooling, which dissipates heat through air convection, has a simple structure but low heat dissipation efficiency, making it difficult to meet heat dissipation requirements, especially in high-temperature or high-rate charge and discharge scenarios; liquid cooling, which dissipates heat by circulating coolant through pipes or cold plates, is highly efficient but requires complex piping and sealing designs, is costly, and carries the risk of leakage; and phase change material cooling, which relies on the material's phase transition to absorb heat, has significant initial effectiveness, but the material has limited heat capacity, and the coexistence of multiple phases can lead to weak insulation. It is also prone to thermal saturation after long-term use, requiring additional heat dissipation design.

[0004] In recent years, immersion cooling technology has gained increasing attention. By directly immersing batteries in an insulating coolant, it leverages the efficient heat exchange properties of direct liquid contact to achieve rapid heat dissipation. However, existing immersion cooling systems have limitations: they lack the ability to monitor temperature fluctuations and pressure changes during battery charging and discharging, which can easily lead to the risk of thermal runaway. Traditional immersion systems are mostly fixed-capacity designs, making them difficult to adapt to varying numbers of lithium battery packs. Existing systems are often overdesigned to ensure reliability, resulting in increased energy consumption.

[0005] To address the above problems, there is an urgent need to design an immersion cooling device with a simple structure, multi-dimensional synchronous monitoring of battery status, low energy consumption, strong compatibility and easy maintenance, so as to improve battery heat dissipation efficiency and system reliability and promote the large-scale application of this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device to solve the above problems.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0008] A lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device specifically includes a tightening nut, a movable end plate, a lithium battery pack, a plug, a box body, a vertical pipe, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, an elbow, an active pressure relief valve, a safety valve, a pressure sensor, a cover plate, and cover plate fixing bolts.

[0009] Preferably, a threaded hole is opened on the first surface of the box body, which cooperates with the clamping nut, the liquid outlet pipe is arranged on the second surface of the box body, the safety valve and the active pressure relief valve are installed above the liquid outlet pipe on the second surface of the box body, the pressure sensor is installed on the third surface of the box body through threaded cooperation, and the liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the fourth surface of the box body, which cooperates with the vertical pipe thread.

[0010] Preferably, the lithium battery pack is clamped by the end plates and placed in the box body, the compression nut is engaged with the threaded hole on the box body and abuts against the movable end plate, and the cover plate is fixed to the box body by the cover plate fixing bolts.

[0011] Preferably, a gasket group is provided between the lithium battery cells and the lithium battery cells, and between the lithium battery cells and the movable end plate, so that the coolant can completely immerse all the lithium battery cells, the liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the fourth surface of the box body, and is matched with the vertical pipe thread, the vertical pipe is connected to the box body, the lower end of the vertical pipe is closed, and there is a row of through holes on the side, which are equidistant or unequally distributed along the axis of the vertical pipe, and the apertures of the through holes are equal or unequal; when installed, the position of the vertical pipe is aligned with the gap between the lithium battery cells in the lithium battery pack or the gap between the lithium battery cells and the movable end plate, and the through holes on the side face the gap; the liquid outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the outer side of the second surface of the box body, and is connected to the box body, and the pressure sensor is fixed to the inside of the box body by six bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the cover plate is connected to the box body thread by a cover plate fixing bolt to form a sealed container. There are two clamping nuts that can resist the movable end plate and drive it to move. The purpose of adapting to different numbers of lithium batteries can be achieved by adjusting the clamping nuts and removing the vertical tube, and plugging the extra liquid inlet pipe head with a plug.

[0013] Preferably, there are bevel-shaped notches at both ends of the movable end plate, which can avoid interference with the vertical pipe when the movable end plate moves.

[0014] Preferably, the safety valve and the active pressure relief valve are connected to the outer upper end of the second surface of the box body through an elbow. The safety valve can automatically relieve pressure when the device is working to prevent the device from being damaged by high pressure, and the active pressure relief valve can relieve pressure below the safety valve threshold.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are that it forms an efficient convection path to ensure uniform coolant distribution, and the built-in pressure sensor monitors system pressure changes in real time. Combined with the dual protection of the safety valve and the active pressure relief valve, the system safety is greatly improved. The direct flow design of the vertical pipe shortens the cooling path, and with the optimized inlet and outlet positions, the overall modular layout can be adapted to different numbers of lithium battery packs. The structure is compact and easy to maintain. This design realizes the organic combination of efficient cooling and safety warning, effectively preventing the risk of thermal runaway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device provided by the present invention, which is mounted on a lithium battery pack;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the box surface 1 and the box surface 2;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a specific implementation of the box body surface 3 and the box body surface 4;

[0021] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the pressure sensor;

[0022] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the end plate;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation method in which the through holes on the vertical tube are distributed with equal distance and equal diameter;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation method in which the through holes on the vertical tube are distributed in non-equidistant and equal diameters;

[0025] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the gasket group;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a specific implementation of the liquid inlet pipe;

[0027] Figure 12It is a partial enlarged view of the cooperation between the liquid inlet pipe, the plug and the vertical pipe;

[0028] Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the lithium battery pack;

[0029] Figure 14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the gasket group provided with through holes;

[0030] In all the above figures; 1. tightening nut, 2. movable end plate, 3. lithium battery pack, 4. plug, 5. box body, 6. vertical pipe, 7. liquid inlet pipe, 8. liquid outlet pipe, 9. elbow, 10. active pressure relief valve, 11. safety valve, 12. pressure sensor, 13. cover plate, 14. cover plate fixing bolt, 31. lithium battery cell, 32. temperature sensor, 33. voltage sensor, 34 gasket group, 5a. box body surface one, 5b. box body surface two, 5c. box body surface three, 5d. box body surface four, 5b1. wiring outlet, 5b2. safety valve through hole, 5b3. active pressure relief valve through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0033] Any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0034] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] Implementation method 1:

[0036] As shown in the picture: Figure 1This is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the box surface 1 and the box surface 2; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a specific implementation of the box body surface 3 and the box body surface 4; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the pressure sensor; Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the end plate; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the equidistant and equal-diameter vertical tubes; Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the gasket group; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a specific implementation of the liquid inlet pipe; Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the lithium battery pack.

[0037] The present invention provides a lithium battery pack immersion cooling and state monitoring device, which specifically comprises: a clamping nut (1), a movable end plate (2), a lithium battery pack (3), a plug (4), a box body (5), a vertical pipe (6), a liquid inlet pipe (7), a liquid outlet pipe (8), an elbow (9), an active pressure relief valve (10), a safety valve (11), a pressure sensor (12), a cover plate (13), and a cover plate fixing bolt (14); the box body surface (5a) is provided with two flush threaded holes, and two clamping nuts (1) are matched therewith; the box body surface (5b) is provided with three flush through holes on the upper part, wherein the through holes (5b2, 5b3) are threaded through holes, and the two threaded through holes In conjunction with the two elbows (9), the through hole (5b1) is the outlet for connecting the lithium battery core (31), the temperature sensor (32), the voltage sensor (33) and the pressure sensor (12). The lower part of the second surface (5b) of the box body is provided with 7 flush through holes, which respectively cooperate with the 7 pipe heads on the liquid outlet pipe (8); the third surface (5c) of the box body is provided with two rows of through holes, each row having three through holes, through which the pressure sensor fixing bolts (15) pass and cooperate with the pressure sensor fixing bolts (16) to fix the pressure sensor (12) inside the box body (5); the upper part of the fourth surface (5d) of the box body is provided with a through hole, which cooperates with the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (7). The edge of the upper part of the box body (5) is provided with four threaded holes, and the cover plate (13) is provided with four corresponding through holes, through which the cover plate fixing bolts (14) pass to fix the cover plate (13) on the box body.

[0038] The lithium battery pack (3) comprises a lithium battery cell (31), a temperature sensor (32), a voltage sensor (33) and a gasket group (34); each lithium battery cell (31) in the lithium battery pack (3) is provided with a temperature sensor (32) and a voltage sensor (33); to ensure that the coolant completely immerses the battery, a gasket group (34) is provided between every two lithium battery cells (31), and a gasket group (34) is also provided between the lithium battery cell (31) close to the movable end plate (2) and the movable end plate (2); the gasket group (34) comprises five gaskets, four of which are respectively provided at the four corners of the rectangle, and the remaining gasket is located at the center of the rectangle. , so that the lithium battery cells can also be immersed in the coolant; the lithium battery pack (3) or the lithium battery cell (31) is clamped between the two movable end plates (2), and the three are placed together in the box (5); the clamping nut (1) can move left and right by rotating, and when the two clamping nuts (1) move to the right together, the right end thereof will abut against the movable end plate (2) on the left side of the box, and drive the lithium battery pack (3) or the lithium battery cell (31) and the movable end plate (2) on the right side of the box to move to the right together, until the movable end plate (2) on the right side of the box abuts against the measuring area of ​​the pressure sensor (12), and the required preload force is generated on the pressure sensor (12).

[0039] The upper outer side of the vertical tube (6) is threaded and can be matched with the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe (7). The lower end of the vertical tube (6) is closed. A row of through holes are provided on the side of the vertical tube (6). The through holes have equal diameters and are equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the vertical tube (6). When installed, the position of the vertical tube (6) is aligned with the gap between the lithium battery cells (31) in the lithium battery pack (3) or the gap between the lithium battery cells (31) and the movable end plate (2), and the through holes on the side face the gap. The outer side of one end of the plug (4) is threaded and can be matched with the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe (7). The effect of adapting to lithium battery packs with different numbers of batteries can be achieved by disassembling the vertical tube (6) and the plug (4).

[0040] The lower end of the active pressure relief valve (10) is threaded on the outer side and can be matched with the elbow (9) connected to the hole (5b2); the lower end of the safety valve (11) is threaded on the outer side and can be matched with the elbow (9) connected to the hole (5b3); in order to accurately control the flow of the coolant in the device to achieve energy-saving effects, the coolant flow is dynamically regulated in combination with the real-time signals output by the pressure sensor (12), the temperature sensor (32) and the voltage sensor (33); at the same time, the safety valve (11) and the active pressure relief valve (10) are coordinated to perform active early warning and pressure relief, thereby effectively avoiding battery explosion and cooling system damage.

[0041] The wiring outlet (5b1) is a hole for various wiring connections. After the wiring is completed, the gaps between the wiring connections in the wiring outlet (5b1) are filled with a well-sealed filler. To improve the sealing and the accuracy of the pre-tightening force, the threads of the compression nut (1) and the matching threaded hole are fine threads. In addition, the two ends of the movable end plate (2) are provided with an inclined notch. When installed, the side with the inclined notch faces the battery pack (3) to avoid interference between the end plate (2) and the vertical tube (6).

[0042] Implementation 2:

[0043] On the basis of implementation plan 1, Figure 7 The row of through holes provided on the vertical tube (6) is changed to be non-equidistantly distributed along the axial direction. The non-equidistantly distributed through holes can achieve uneven flow distribution of the coolant in the axial direction of the vertical tube (6). Combined with the heat generation distribution of the battery and the special heat dissipation requirements, the heat dissipation capacity is differentiated, so that the temperature distribution of the battery is more uniform, avoiding local overheating.

[0044] Implementation 3:

[0045] On the basis of implementation plan 1, Figure 14 By replacing the gasket group (3) with a structure having through holes on the side, the flow resistance of the coolant can be reduced, and the immersion degree and heat exchange capacity can be optimized.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device, specifically comprising: A compression nut (1), a movable end plate (2), a lithium battery pack (3), a plug (4), a box (5), a vertical pipe (6), a liquid inlet pipe (7), a liquid outlet pipe (8), an elbow (9), an active pressure relief valve (10), a safety valve (11), a pressure sensor (12), a cover plate (13), and a cover plate fixing bolt (14), characterized in that: The box body surface (5a) is provided with two flush threaded holes, and two compression nuts (1) are matched therewith; The upper portion of the second box surface (5b) is provided with three flush through holes, wherein the safety valve through hole (5b2) and the active pressure relief valve through hole (5b3) are threaded through holes, the two threaded through holes are matched with two elbows (9), the wiring outlet (5b1) is the outlet for wiring of the lithium battery cell (31), the temperature sensor (32), the voltage sensor (33) and the pressure sensor (12), and the lower portion of the second box surface (5b) is provided with seven flush through holes, which are respectively matched with seven pipe heads on the liquid outlet pipe (8); The third surface (5c) of the box body is provided with two rows of through holes, each row having three through holes, and the pressure sensor fixing bolts (15) pass through the through holes and cooperate with the pressure sensor fixing bolts (16) to fix the pressure sensor (12) inside the box body (5); A through hole is formed on the upper portion of the box surface 4 (5d), and the through hole cooperates with the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (7); The upper edge of the box body (5) is provided with four threaded holes, and the cover plate (13) is provided with four corresponding through holes, through which the cover plate fixing bolts (14) pass to fix the cover plate (13) to the box body.

2. The lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery pack (3) or lithium battery cell (31) is sandwiched between the two movable end plates (2), and the three are placed together in the box (5); The lithium battery pack (3) comprises a lithium battery cell (31), a temperature sensor (32), a voltage sensor (33), and a gasket group (34); each lithium battery cell (31) in the lithium battery pack (3) is provided with a temperature sensor (32) and a voltage sensor (33); a gasket group (34) is provided between every two lithium battery cells (31); and a gasket group (34) is also provided between the lithium battery cell (31) close to the movable end plate (2) and the movable end plate (2); The compression nuts (1) move left and right by rotating. When the two compression nuts (1) move rightward together, their right ends abut against the movable end plate (2) on the left side of the box, and drive the lithium battery pack (3) or the lithium battery cell (31) and the movable end plate (2) on the right side of the box to move rightward together, until the movable end plate (2) on the right side of the box abuts against the measuring area of ​​the pressure sensor (12), and the required pre-tightening force is generated on the pressure sensor (12); The upper outer side of the vertical tube (6) is threaded and can be matched with the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe (7). The lower end of the vertical tube (6) is closed. A row of through holes is provided on the side of the vertical tube (6). The through holes are equidistant or non-equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the vertical tube (6). The apertures of the through holes are equidistant or non-equidistant. When installed, the position of the vertical tube (6) is aligned with the gap between the lithium battery cells (31) in the lithium battery pack (3) or the gap between the lithium battery cells (31) and the movable end plate (2), and the through holes on the side face the gap. One end of the plug (4) is provided with a thread on the outside, which cooperates with the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pipe (7); The lower end of the active pressure relief valve (10) is provided with a thread on the outer side, which cooperates with the elbow (9) connected to the safety valve through hole (5b2); The outer side of the lower end of the safety valve (11) is threaded and can be matched with the elbow (9) connected to the through hole (5b3) of the active pressure relief valve.

3. The lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiring outlet (5b1) is a hole for various wiring connections. After wiring is completed, the gaps between the wiring connections in the wiring outlet (5b1) are filled with fillers.

4. The lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threads of the compression nut (1) and its matching threaded hole are fine threads.

5. The lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the movable end plate (2) are provided with bevel-shaped notches, and when installed, the side provided with the bevel-shaped notches faces the battery pack (3).

6. The lithium battery pack immersion cooling and status monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gasket set (34) comprises five gaskets, four of which are respectively arranged at the four corners of a rectangle, and the remaining gasket is arranged at the center of the rectangle.

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