Efficient soil moisture conservation fertilization method for desert forest cultivation by using agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency soil moisture conservation fertilization method for desert forest cultivation by using agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes, which comprises the following steps: composting the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes, preparing sponge material manure and fertilizer, preparing industrial waste residues, paving composite organic manure and the like. Different manure, industrial slag waste rich in zinc, potassium and iron and a water-absorbing sponge particle layer on the bottom layer are arranged on the bottom and the side of a seedling raising nutrition pot on the basis of the seedling raising nutrition pot, wood pulp fiber waste and foamed plastic polymer of the water-absorbing sponge particle layer are pressed in a combined mode, and sandy soil is backfilled in a mixed and layered mode. Slow degradation, water absorption, long-term soil moisture conservation performance and reasonable water release are achieved; the layered particles are deepened towards the deep part below the degradable nutrition pot, so that the part of the drought-enduring plant, which extends to the depth of less than one meter, can also absorb the nutrients of the buried soil moisture-preserving degradable particles, and the year-by-year growth and development requirements of root systems are met; the water fixing and high trace element requirements and the soil moisture conservation effect of the fertilizer for planting drought-enduring plants in the desert are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal and desert control, and in particular to a high-efficiency moisture conservation and cultivation method for desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes. Background Art

[0002] my country has achieved remarkable results in desertification control. Planting drought-tolerant pioneer plants such as Hippophager hamnoides and Haloxylon ammodendron has effectively promoted soil organic matter accumulation (an average annual increase of 0.3-0.5%) and the reconstruction of microbial communities. However, the current technological system still faces two core challenges: 1. Low water use efficiency. The inherent high permeability of the desert substrate (saturated hydraulic conductivity >50 cm / h) and low field water holding capacity (<5%) result in extremely poor water retention. Existing technology relies on manual irrigation (requiring 12-15 replenishments per year at a cost of approximately 1,800 yuan per mu), but water loss rates after short-term replenishment can reach as high as 70%-85% (2023 monitoring data from Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University). Although drip irrigation systems can increase water use efficiency to 60%, the cost of pipe network construction (8,000-12,000 yuan per mu) still hinders large-scale implementation. 2. Side effects of soil improvement. Although traditional organic improvement methods such as manure application can increase soil water holding capacity by 8%-12%, long-term single application will cause secondary salinization: salt accumulation effect: soluble salts (Na + , Cl-, etc.) content reached 1.2-2.5%. Three consecutive years of application increased soil electrical conductivity (EC) from a baseline of 0.3 mS / cm to 1.5 mS / cm (test data from Alxa League, Inner Mongolia), exceeding the tolerance threshold of drought-tolerant plants (EC < 1.0 mS / cm). The risk of nutrient imbalance arises from the mismatch between the manure's C / N ratio (30:1) and the needs of desert plants (15:1), leading to decreased nitrogen fixation and phosphorus availability (a 40%-60% reduction in available phosphorus). These issues severely hinder the sustainability of desertification control, necessitating the development of new and improved technologies that combine water conservation with soil safety.

[0003] At the same time, the imbalance in trace element supply is also prominent. Drought-tolerant plants such as Haloxylon ammodendron require 8-10 times more boron than ordinary crops (Plant Nutrition in Arid Zones, 2020 edition), while the boron content in conventional compound fertilizers is only 0.02%-0.05%. In addition, the pH value of sandy soil is generally above 8.5, and the proportion of available boron is less than 30%. Although biochar-based fertilizers can increase soil organic matter content (an application of 10 tons / hectare can increase organic matter by 0.8%), their specific surface area (120-250 square meters / gram) and desert fine sand (particle size 0.05-0.25 mm) make it difficult to form a stable complex. Under wind erosion conditions of level 7 or above, the loss rate can reach as high as 67%-83% after 6 months. This multiple mismatch between materials, environment, and plants has resulted in plant survival rates in desert planting projects generally below 40% (compared to over 85% in humid areas), seriously hindering the progress of desertification control.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent announcement text CN219421700U discloses a layered set of tree planting seedling nutrient pots with sand fixation function. By making the seedling nutrient pots degradable and high in nutrients, the base of the seedling stem is protected, the surface temperature of the stem base can be reduced, and the pots are completely degradable and pollution-free. However, there is currently no matching external fertilization technology to enhance its effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency moisture conservation and cultivation method for desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes.

[0006] This is specifically achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A highly efficient moisture conservation and afforestation method for desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable wastes comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, crushing woody waste into fragments with a maximum length of 3 to 6 mm, spraying water vapor into the woody waste for 3 to 5 minutes; then adding cellulase to the woody waste, controlling the temperature to 40 to 50° C. and the pH to 4.8 to 5.2, and continuously stirring for 12 to 18 hours; then adding Bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi to the mixture, and continuing stirring for 15 to 30 minutes; then raising the temperature to 80 to 90° C. and maintaining the temperature for 25 to 35 minutes; then spraying a polyvinyl alcohol solution onto the resulting fermented product; and then drying the product to obtain fermented woody waste.

[0009] S2, crushing the industrial waste into particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 2.0 cm, screening the particles with a particle size of 1 to 2.0 cm as small pellets; mixing the screened particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 1 cm with agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste in a volume ratio of (0.9 to 1.1): (6 to 12), and then adding EM bacteria or compost powder to the mixture in an amount of 0.5 to 1 kg / m 3 , then heat the mixture to 50-65°C and keep the temperature for 1-5 days, then reduce the temperature to 25-35°C and keep it for 9-12 days to obtain composite compost.

[0010] S3, mixing 0.8-1.2 parts by volume of the fermented woody waste obtained in step S1, 5-12 parts by volume of the composite compost obtained in step S2, and 10-20 parts by volume of a water-absorbing sponge, and packaging the mixture into large pellets with a particle size of 3-5 cm.

[0011] S4, crushing the farmyard manure into particles with a particle size of 2 to 3.5 cm as medium-sized pellets.

[0012] S5, dig the pit to a depth of 65 to 105 cm, lay the large granular material on the bottom layer, with 1 to 2 layers and a thickness of 3 to 8 cm; then lay the small granular material on top of the large granular material, with 2 to 4 layers and a thickness of 2 to 4 cm; then lay the medium granular material on top of the small granular material, with 2 to 4 layers and a thickness of 4 to 6 cm.

[0013] S6. Place the seedling pots with holes and drought-tolerant plants on the medium-sized granular material, and then fill them with sand.

[0014] The seedling nutrient pot with holes is an existing technology. For example, the layered set of tree planting seedling nutrient pots with sand fixation function disclosed in the Chinese invention patent publication CN219421700U, such as the layered set of tree planting seedling nutrient pots disclosed in the specific implementation method part, can be used as the seedling nutrient pot with holes in this step.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S1, the amount of cellulase added is 1.5-2.0 wt.% of the dry weight of the woody waste, and the cellulase has an enzyme activity of ≥500 U / g.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the pressure of the water vapor sprayed into the woody waste is 1.5-2.0 MPa.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S1, the concentration of the added Bacillus subtilis is (0.8-1.3)×10 7 CFU / g mixture), the amount of white rot fungi added was such that the spore amount was (0.8-1.3)×10 6 / g mixture), promoting lignin degradation.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, 5%-8% polyvinyl alcohol solution is sprayed, and the spraying amount is 0.5-1.5 ml / kg of fermentation product.

[0019] Furthermore, the drying in step S1 is fluidized bed drying, specifically, fluidized bed drying is performed at a temperature of 55-60° C. and a wind speed of 1.2-2.2 m / s to reduce the moisture content of the mixture to 6-11%.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature is lowered to 25-35°C and maintained for 9-12 days, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 3-8 minutes every 6-8 days.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S2, the agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste is crushed by a crushing device into particles with a particle size or equivalent diameter of 0.3 to 3 cm.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the absorbent sponge is composed of absorbent sponge particles formed by compressing a mixture of cellulose sponge or absorbent sponge wood pulp fibers, waste paper pulp, and foamed plastic polymer. This configuration can achieve slow degradation, water absorption, long-term moisture retention, and reasonable water release by compressing the wood pulp fiber waste and foamed plastic polymer combination of the absorbent sponge particle layer.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S5, the large-sized pellets in the bottom layer are mixed with the backfilled sand before the small-sized pellets are laid on top. By mixing and backfilling the sand in layers, the time it takes for the large-sized pellets in the bottom layer to release water and nutrients is further extended, thereby improving soil moisture retention. The sponge does not necessarily have to be a rapidly degradable sponge. For example, slowly degradable materials such as foamed plastic polymers can encapsulate nutrients deep in the desert for a long time, thereby providing long-term nutritional support for crops.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S6, after the drought-resistant plants are installed inside the seedling nutrient pot with holes and placed on the medium-sized granular materials, the following steps are also performed: large-sized granular materials, small-sized granular materials and medium-sized granular materials are laid in sequence from bottom to top in the sand pit outside the seedling nutrient pot, and the large-sized granular materials are laid in 1 to 2 layers with a thickness of 3 to 8 cm; the small-sized granular materials are laid in 2 to 5 layers with a thickness of 2 to 5 cm; the medium-sized granular materials are laid in 2 to 5 layers with a thickness of 3 to 8 cm; and then the sand is filled back.

[0025] Furthermore, the industrial waste slag is blast furnace slag, converter slag, electric furnace slag, sintering red mud slag or other industrial and zinc, potassium and iron rich slag waste.

[0026] Furthermore, the agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste is a mixture of one or more of agricultural waste, forestry waste, animal husbandry waste or fruit and vegetable waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues; the fruit and vegetable waste is fruit and vegetable residues generated in life or in agricultural and sideline production; the agricultural waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues is a mixture of one or more of crop residues or aqueous wastes of grain processing waste liquid; the forestry waste is a mixture of one or more of branch, leaf, flower and fruit residues, bark, sawdust or wood chip residues; the animal husbandry waste is a mixture of one or more of animal excrement, dead animal residues and treatment liquid or waste feed residues.

[0027] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The present invention is specifically arranged and arranged by the organic manure at the bottom and side of the seedling nutritive pot on the basis of the seedling nutritive pot. After the root system of the drought-tolerant plant stretches out from the through-hole at the side and bottom, it gradually reaches the compound organic manure of the overall arrangement of the present invention, thereby greatly strengthening the water retention, high trace element and moisture conservation effect of planting drought-tolerant plants in the desert. Wherein existing conventional organic fertilizer (farmyard manure) is adopted to realize conventional plant growth effect, by arranging industrial waste residue, it is realized that the trace elements such as zinc, potassium, iron, boron and water retention, solid shape effect are supplemented, and by arranging the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste and sponge after the simple compost containing part of the industrial waste residue, the effect of efficient water absorption, water retention and moisture conservation is realized. Thus the cooperation of the three materials realizes the efficient moisture conservation and water retention cultivation effect for desert environment, thereby greatly improving the survival rate of plants, increasing the ratio of sturdy plants.

[0029] 2. From the perspective of fertilization effect and plant growth, there is no specific stratification requirement for the three materials. However, if the three materials are simply mixed for fertilization, the different specific gravities of the different materials will cause the same material to segregate in one direction, thereby causing deviations in the subsequent growth of the plant root system. The present invention first sets each material into granules of different sizes, and sandwiches a small particle size between a large particle size and a medium particle size. Since the small particle size material will fill the gap between the large particle size and the medium particle size, the industrial waste residue is set to a small particle size, and the small particle size can fill the gap between the large particle size and the medium particle size. Due to the hardness of the industrial waste residue, the overall stability of the fixed organic manure is achieved. At the same time, since the composted agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste contains a large amount of water, it is mixed with sponge and industrial waste residue, and the composite effect of water fixation, water absorption and moisture retention is achieved while efficiently retaining water, so that the organic manure at the bottom and side of the seedling nutrient pot achieves the effect of efficient organization without segregation.

[0030] 3. The specific configuration of the present invention does not substantially increase the cost. If the entire manure is made from existing farmyard manure, it also needs to be purchased or fermented. However, the present invention replaces part of the industrial waste residue and part of the agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste. First, the cost of raw materials is greatly reduced. Secondly, even if this part of the raw materials needs to be pretreated (such as crushing and composting), the cost of these pretreatments is much lower than the cost of anaerobic fermentation and other farmyard manure treatments. Therefore, the present invention as a whole reduces costs to a certain extent on the basis of improving the efficient application of organic fertilizers and efficient water and moisture conservation for desert drought-resistant plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic layout diagram of an efficient moisture conservation and cultivation method for desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 000-desert surface; 001-sand pit sidewall;

[0033] 101-large pellets; 102-small pellets; 103-medium pellets;

[0034] 200 - seedling nutrient pot; 201 - through hole on the side wall of the nutrient pot, 202 - through hole on the bottom wall of the nutrient pot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The process technology scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, each feature is merely an example of a series of equivalent or similar features. These examples are provided solely to aid understanding of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are intended solely to aid understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments:

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment is as follows Figure 1 The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable wastes includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Willow bark is crushed into pieces with a maximum length of 5 mm. Water vapor at a pressure of 1.8 MPa is sprayed into the willow bark for 5 minutes. Cellulase is then added to the willow bark in an amount of 1.8 wt.% based on the dry weight of the willow bark, and the cellulase has an activity of ≥500 U / g. The temperature is controlled at 45°C and the pH is 5 (pH is adjusted using a dilute potassium hydroxide solution, sodium bicarbonate, or acetic acid), and stirring is continued for 16 hours. Bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi are then added to the mixture at a concentration of 1×10 7 CFU / g 混合物 ), the amount of white rot fungi added was such that the spore amount was 1.1×10 6 pcs / g 混合物 ) to promote lignin degradation. Continue stirring for 20 minutes; then raise the temperature to 85°C and maintain this temperature for 30 minutes; then spray the fermented product with 6% polyvinyl alcohol solution; the spraying amount is 1.2 ml / kg 发酵物 The mixture was then dried in a fluidized bed at a temperature of 58° C. and a wind speed of 1.8 m / s to reduce the moisture content of the mixture to 9%, thereby obtaining the fermented willow bark.

[0040] S2, crushing the blast furnace slag into particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 2.0 cm (non-uniform, mixed particle size particles), screening the particles with a particle size of 1 to 2.0 cm as small pellets; mixing the screened particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 1 cm with the crushed agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes crushed by a crushing device into particles with a particle size or equivalent diameter of 0.3 to 3 cm at a volume ratio of 1:11, and then adding EM bacteria to the mixture at an amount of 0.8 kg / m 3 The mixture was then heated to 58°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 days, then the temperature was lowered to 31°C and maintained for 11 days, and the mixture was slowly stirred for 5 minutes every 7 days to obtain a composite compost.

[0041] The composting process in this step is conventional, but the raw materials are specific to the present invention, and a mixture of biomass waste and blast furnace slag is used as the raw material.

[0042] The agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes are a mixture of one or more of agricultural waste, forestry waste, animal husbandry waste or fruit and vegetable waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues; the fruit and vegetable wastes are fruit and vegetable residues generated in life or in agricultural and sideline production; the agricultural waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues is a mixture of one or more of crop residues or aqueous wastes of grain processing waste liquid; the forestry waste is a mixture of one or more of branch, leaf, flower and fruit residues, bark, sawdust or wood chip residues; the animal husbandry waste is a mixture of one or more of animal excrement, dead animal residues and processing liquid or waste feed residues.

[0043] S3, mixing 1 part by volume of the fermented willow bark obtained in step S1, 8 parts by volume of the composite compost obtained in step S2, and 15 parts by volume of cellulose sponge, and packaging them into large pellets (non-uniform, mixed particle size pellets) with a particle size of 3 to 5 cm.

[0044] S4, crushing the farmyard manure into particles with a diameter of 2 to 3.5 cm as medium-sized pellets (non-uniform, mixed particle size particles). The farmyard manure is the farmyard manure formed by the commonly known anaerobic fermentation or aerobic fermentation, and is an existing raw material purchased in the market or homemade.

[0045] S5, dig a pit with a depth of 100cm, lay large granular materials on the bottom layer, with 1 layer and a thickness of 5cm; then lay small granular materials on top of the large granular materials, with 3 layers (small granular materials will fill the gaps in the large granular materials), with a thickness of about 3.5cm; then lay medium granular materials on top of the small granular materials (part of the small granular materials will fill the medium granular materials with each other), with 2 layers and a thickness of about 5.5cm (because it is planted in the desert, in order to avoid floating sand being blown away, the depth is set deeper, and when the roots of drought-tolerant plant species extend downward to below one meter, as the roots extend, granular materials of various sizes will also move downward with the extended roots, thereby further meeting the needs of the root system's annual growth and development).

[0046] S6, a seedling pot with holes and drought-tolerant plants were placed on the medium-sized pellets, such as Figure 1 As shown, large, small and medium sized pellets are laid in the sand pit outside the seedling nutrient pot from bottom to top in sequence, and the large pellets are laid in 1 layer with a thickness of about 5 cm; the small pellets are laid in 4 layers with a thickness of about 4 cm; the medium pellets are laid in 3 layers with a thickness of 6 cm; and then filled back with sand.

[0047] The seedling nutrient pot with holes in this embodiment specifically adopts the layered set tree planting seedling nutrient pot disclosed in the specific implementation method of the Chinese invention patent publication CN219421700U. It includes an outer pot layer, a middle pot layer and an inner pot layer. The outer pot layer, the middle pot layer (the middle pot layer is Figure 1 The outer pot layer is made of a mixture of fermented cattle and sheep manure and mineral slag, the middle pot layer is made of waste mushroom sticks left over from mushroom and wood ear cultivation, and the inner pot layer is made of waste chestnut peels. The side walls of the outer pot layer, the middle pot layer, and the inner pot layer are each provided with a plurality of nutrient pot side wall through-holes, and the bottoms of the outer pot layer, the middle pot layer, and the inner pot layer are each provided with a plurality of nutrient pot bottom wall through-holes.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The present comparative example is used to illustrate that industrial waste residue is not set, other setting modes of this comparative example are the same as Example 1, difference is that industrial waste residue is not set, but directly agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste are composted by the process and parameter of Example 1, then after being mixed with the farmyard manure (organic fertilizer) purchased from the market, it is arranged on the below and the side of the seedling nutrient pot, because the individual difference of plant can not clearly illustrate contrast effect, therefore carry out the collection of comparative data by intuitive fertilizer moisture and solid water content. By planting the same plant as Example 1 and watering the same amount of water, thereby the two are carried out data comparison, respectively at the 3rd, 7th, 15th, 20th day, in fertilizer, insert water measuring rod (capillary water absorption rod), find that in the water measuring rod of Example 1, it is all the water absorption ratio that exceeds 80% at every turn, but the water measuring rod of this comparative example is less than 20% (18% on the 7th day, 19% on the 15th day) at the water absorption ratio in the same period on the 7th day and the 15th day, thereby proved that setting method of the present invention has higher solid water and water retention effect.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] This comparative example is used to illustrate the comparative situation when the specific arrangement method of the present invention is not adopted. The other settings of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 1. The difference is that the three kinds of granular materials are not arranged in the manner of Example 1. Instead, the granular materials of the same quantity as in Example 1 are directly mixed and arranged directly below and on the sides of the seedling nutrient pot. The same plants are planted as in Example 1 and the same amount of water is poured, so as to compare the data of the two. Water measuring rods are inserted into the fertilizer on the 3rd, 7th, 15th and 20th days respectively. It is found that the water absorption ratio of the water measuring rod of this comparative example is not much different from that of Example 1 on other days during the same period, but is less than about 66% on the 7th day. After changing the measuring position, it is found that the water absorption ratio of the new water measuring rod is about 78%, that is, the stability cannot be guaranteed. This is because the arrangement method of this comparative example is relatively chaotic, and granular materials with the same function are easily concentrated in one position, which has an adverse effect on the subsequent plant growth.

[0052] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are intended solely to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, and such embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert forests using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable wastes, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, crushing woody waste into fragments with a maximum length of 3 to 6 mm, spraying water vapor into the woody waste for 3 to 5 minutes; then adding cellulase to the woody waste, controlling the temperature to 40 to 50° C. and the pH to 4.8 to 5.2, and continuously stirring for 12 to 18 hours; then adding Bacillus subtilis and white rot fungi to the mixture, and continuing stirring for 15 to 30 minutes; then heating to 80 to 90° C. and maintaining the temperature for 25 to 35 minutes; then spraying a polyvinyl alcohol solution onto the resulting fermented product; and then drying the product to obtain fermented woody waste; S2, crushing the industrial waste into particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 2.0 cm, screening the particles with a particle size of 1 to 2.0 cm as small pellets; mixing the screened particles with a particle size of 0.5 to 1 cm with agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste in a volume ratio of (0.9 to 1.1): (6 to 12), and then adding EM bacteria or compost powder to the mixture in an amount of 0.5 to 1 kg / m 3 , then heating the mixture to 50-65°C and maintaining the temperature for 1-5 days, then lowering the temperature to 25-35°C and maintaining the temperature for 9-12 days to obtain a composite compost; S3, mixing 0.8 to 1.2 parts by volume of the fermented woody waste obtained in step S1, 5 to 12 parts by volume of the composite compost obtained in step S2, and 10 to 20 parts by volume of a water-absorbing sponge, and packaging the mixture into large pellets with a particle size of 3 to 5 cm; S4, crushing the farmyard manure into particles with a size of 2 to 3.5 cm as medium-sized pellets; S5: Dig a pit with a depth of 65-105 cm, lay large aggregate on the bottom layer in 1-2 layers with a thickness of 3-8 cm; then lay small aggregate on top of the large aggregate in 2-4 layers with a thickness of 2-4 cm; then lay medium aggregate on top of the small aggregate in 2-4 layers with a thickness of 4-6 cm; S6. Place the seedling pots with holes and drought-tolerant plants on the medium-sized granular material, and then fill them with sand.

2. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the amount of cellulase added is 1.5-2.0 wt.% of the dry weight of the woody waste, and the cellulase has an enzyme activity of ≥500 U / g; the woody waste is wood processing waste, bark or crop straw.

3. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the pressure of water vapor sprayed into the woody waste is 1.5-2.0 MPa.

4. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of Bacillus subtilis added is (0.8-1.3)×10 7 CFU / g 混合物 ), the amount of white rot fungi added was such that the spore amount was (0.8-1.3)×10 6 pcs / g 混合物 ), promoting lignin degradation.

5. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, spray 5%-8% polyvinyl alcohol solution at a spraying rate of 0.5-1.5 ml / kg 发酵物 .

6. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drying in step S1 is fluidized bed drying, specifically, fluidized bed drying is performed at a temperature of 55-60° C. and a wind speed of 1.2-2.2 m / s to reduce the moisture content of the mixture to 6-11%.

7. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the temperature is lowered to 25-35° C. and maintained for 9-12 days, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 3-8 minutes every 6-8 days; In step S2, the agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, and fruit and vegetable waste is crushed by a crushing device into particles with a particle size or equivalent diameter of 0.3 to 3 cm; In step S3, the water-absorbing sponge is water-absorbing sponge particles formed by mixing and pressing cellulose sponge or water-absorbing sponge wood pulp fibers, waste paper pulp and foamed plastic polymer; In step S5, the large-sized aggregates in the bottom layer are mixed with the backfilled sand and then the small-sized aggregates are laid thereon.

8. The low-emission manure fermentation method based on agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: In step S6, after the drought-tolerant plants are installed in the seedling pots with holes and placed on the medium-sized pellets, the following steps are also performed: In the sand pit outside the seedling pot, large-sized granules, small-sized granules and medium-sized granules are laid in sequence from bottom to top, and the large-sized granules are laid in 1 to 2 layers with a thickness of 3 to 8 cm; the small-sized granules are laid in 2 to 5 layers with a thickness of 2 to 5 cm; the medium-sized granules are laid in 2 to 5 layers with a thickness of 3 to 8 cm; and then filled with sand.

9. The method for efficiently conserving moisture and cultivating desert afforestation using agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial waste slag is blast furnace slag, converter slag, electric furnace slag, sintering red mud slag or other industrial and zinc, potassium and iron rich slag waste.

10. The low-emission manure fermentation method based on agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable waste according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry and fruit and vegetable wastes are a mixture of one or more of agricultural waste, forestry waste, animal husbandry waste or fruit and vegetable waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues; the fruit and vegetable wastes are fruit and vegetable residues generated in life or in agricultural and sideline production; the agricultural waste excluding fruit and vegetable residues is a mixture of one or more of crop residues or aqueous wastes of grain processing waste liquid; the forestry waste is a mixture of one or more of branch, leaf, flower and fruit residues, bark, sawdust or wood chip residues; the animal husbandry waste is a mixture of one or more of animal excrement, dead animal residues and treatment liquid or waste feed residues.

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