Gastrodia elata planting method with coco coir as matrix

Abstract

The invention discloses a gastrodia elata planting method with coco coir as a matrix. The gastrodia elata planting method aims at solving the problems that in traditional soil planting, the weight is large, hardening is prone to occurring, moisture preservation and air permeability are poor, and efficiency is low. The method comprises the following steps: selecting commercial coco coir of which the particle size is 0.05-5mm, the coarse particle size is less than or equal to 30% and the fine particle size is more than or equal to 40%, and pre-treating for more than or equal to 2 hours by steam sterilization at The method comprises the following steps: planting according to the proportion of 0.3 cubic meter of coconut coir, 80 jin of fungus materials or artificial fungus sticks for replacing the fungus materials and 1 jin of hemp seeds per square meter, and controlling the initial moisture content to be 50-60% and the growth period to be 40-45%. Experiments show that the water-holding capacity of the coco coir is 350-380%, the air permeability porosity is 29-33.2%, the yield per mu reaches 1600-2800kg in 2023-2024, compared with soil planting, the yield is obviously increased, the rotten hemp rate is reduced to 3-7%, and the labor efficiency is improved by about 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting, and in particular to a method for planting gastrodia elata using coconut husk as a matrix. Background Art

[0002] As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Gastrodia elata has a long history of artificial cultivation, with traditional planting methods mostly involving soil cultivation or container cultivation (baskets, barrels, boxes). However, Gastrodia elata cultivation suffers from the problem of limited repeat cropping. Whether cultivated in soil or containers, the site or substrate must be frequently changed.

[0003] In the existing technology, soil as a planting medium has significant defects: first, the soil is heavy, and it is difficult to transport and operate the soil or container during planting, and the labor intensity is high; second, the soil is easily compacted, resulting in an imbalance between moisture retention and air permeability. During the later maintenance, it is easy for the Gastrodia elata to rot due to water retention or poor air permeability, resulting in reduced production and economic losses; third, labor efficiency is low, which seriously restricts large-scale planting.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an alternative substrate that is lightweight, has excellent moisture retention and breathability, and is easily available to solve the above-mentioned problems of traditional soil planting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems in existing Gastrodia elata cultivation, such as heavy soil matrix, easy compaction, poor moisture retention and air permeability, low labor efficiency and unstable yield.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for planting Gastrodia elata using coconut husk as a substrate, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtaining coconut peat: Select commercial coconut peat products, wherein the coconut peat particle size is 0.05-5 mm, wherein the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm is ≤30%, and the proportion of fine particles with a particle size less than 1 mm is ≥40%; S2, pretreatment: the coconut husks from step S1 were spread into a 20 cm thick layer, covered with a high-temperature cloth, and steamed at 70°C or above was introduced for continuous sterilization for ≥2 hours; a double-helix ribbon mixer was used to stir 3 times; S3. Planting: Lay 0.3 cubic meters of pre-treated coconut coir per square meter, then spread 80 kilograms of mushroom materials. After compacting the coconut coir on the mushroom materials, place 1 kilogram of flax seeds at 3 cm intervals, and finally cover with 10-12 cm thick coconut coir; during the planting period, control the initial moisture content of the coconut coir to 50-60%, and the moisture content during the growth period to 40-45%.

[0007] Specifically, in the pretreatment of step S2, an auxiliary material may be added, wherein the auxiliary material is rice husk or sawdust, and the auxiliary material is mixed with coconut husk in a ratio of 1:3.

[0008] Specifically, in step S3, artificial mushroom sticks can be used instead of mushroom materials.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Coconut coir is lightweight, significantly reducing the labor required to transport and replace the substrate during container planting. Field trial data shows that using coconut coir reduces soil replacement hours per mu (approximately 120-150 hours) from 250-300 hours in traditional soil planting to approximately 50% in coconut coir, increasing labor efficiency by approximately 50%. Coconut coir boasts a water-holding capacity of 350-380% (dry weight), an air porosity of 29-33.2%, and a pH of 6.0±0.2, effectively addressing the imbalance between moisture retention and air permeability caused by soil compaction. Comparative experiments showed that the rate of hemp rot in coconut coir plantings was only 3-7%, significantly lower than the 9-17% rate in soil plantings. The average yield of Gastrodia elata grown in traditional soil is 1300-1800 kg / mu, while that in coconut coir plantings reaches 1600-2800 kg / mu, significantly increasing yields. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0011] Unless otherwise specified, the technical solutions described in the present invention are all conventional solutions in the field; the reagents or materials described are all from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0012] Example 1: Single coconut husk substrate planting S1. Coconut pith acquisition: Select commercial coconut pith with a particle size of 0.05-5 mm, of which particles with a size greater than 2 mm account for 25% and particles with a size less than 1 mm account for 45%; S2. Pretreatment: Spread coconut husks 20 cm thick, cover with a high-temperature cloth, and sterilize with 75°C steam for 2.5 hours; S3. Planting: First spread 0.3 cubic meters of coconut coir per square meter, then spread 80 kilograms of mushroom materials (or artificial mushroom sticks that replace mushroom materials), after the mushroom materials (or artificial mushroom sticks that replace mushroom materials) are covered with coconut coir, place 80 flax seeds at a spacing of 3 cm, and cover with 11 cm thick coconut coir; control the initial moisture content to 55%, and the moisture content during the growth period to 42%.

[0013] S4. Results: In 2023, the yield per mu of this embodiment was 1650 kg, and the rotten hemp rate was 6%; in 2024, the yield per mu was 2350 kg, and the rotten hemp rate was 4%.

[0014] Example 2: Planting with a mixed matrix of coconut husk and rice husk S1. Coconut pith acquisition: Select commercial coconut pith with a particle size of 0.05-5 mm, of which particles with a size greater than 2 mm account for 25% and particles with a size less than 1 mm account for 45%; S2, pretreatment: coconut chaff and rice husk were mixed in a ratio of 3:1, stirred three times with a double-helix ribbon mixer, and then steam sterilized according to the conditions of Example 1; S3. Planting: First, spread 0.3 cubic meters of coconut coir per square meter, then spread 80 kilograms of mushroom materials (or artificial mushroom sticks that replace mushroom materials). After the mushroom materials (or artificial mushroom sticks that replace mushroom materials) are covered with coconut coir, place 80 flax seeds at a distance of 3 cm, and cover with 11 cm thick coconut coir; control the initial moisture content to 55% and the moisture content during the growth period to 42%; S4. Results: In 2023, the yield per mu was 1,700 kg, and the rotten hemp rate was 5%; in 2024, the yield per mu was 2,400 kg, and the rotten hemp rate was 3%.

[0015] The above examples show that the planting method of the present invention can stably achieve efficient planting of Gastrodia elata and is suitable for large-scale cultivation in different regions.

[0016] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0017] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for planting Gastrodia elata using coconut husk as a matrix, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtaining coconut peat: Select commercial coconut peat products, wherein the coconut peat particle size is 0.05-5 mm, wherein the proportion of coarse particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm is ≤30%, and the proportion of fine particles with a particle size less than 1 mm is ≥40%; S2, pretreatment: the coconut husks from step S1 were spread into a 20 cm thick layer, covered with a high-temperature cloth, and steamed at 70°C or above was introduced for continuous sterilization for ≥2 hours; a double-helix ribbon mixer was used to stir 3 times; S3. Planting: Lay 0.3 cubic meters of pre-treated coconut coir per square meter, then spread 80 kilograms of mushroom materials. After compacting the coconut coir on the mushroom materials, place 1 kilogram of flax seeds at 3 cm intervals, and finally cover with 10-12 cm thick coconut coir; during the planting period, control the initial moisture content of the coconut coir to 50-60%, and the moisture content during the growth period to 40-45%.

2. A method for planting Gastrodia elata using coconut palm chaff as a matrix as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the pretreatment of step S2, auxiliary materials may be added, wherein the auxiliary materials are rice husks or sawdust, and the auxiliary materials are mixed with coconut husks in a ratio of 1:

3.

3. A method for planting Gastrodia elata using coconut palm chaff as a matrix as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, artificial mushroom sticks can be used instead of mushroom materials.