Telescopic dental handpiece for bur implantation

Abstract

The invention discloses a telescopic bur implantation dental handpiece, and relates to the technical field of oral medical treatment. The drill bit shell and the front end of the handle shell are fixed to form a middle assembly cavity, the center cylinder is rotationally installed in the drill bit shell, the spline inner sleeve is fixed in the center cylinder, the machine needle is in sliding fit with the spline inner sleeve, and a thin spring is arranged to provide downward elastic support. The traction rope is bent into an L shape through the guide wheel, and the vertical section of the traction rope is rotationally connected with the root end of the machine needle. A reel and two transmission shafts are rotatably mounted in the middle assembly cavity, the reel winds a horizontal section of a traction rope, the front ends of the upper and lower transmission shafts are in meshing transmission with the reel and the center cylinder through bevel gear pairs, two speed reducers are mounted in a cavity in the rear end of the handle shell, and output ends are in connection transmission with the two transmission shafts. The tail end of the handle shell is provided with a quick-change interface. Large-range telescopic control over the working length can be achieved while the machine needle rotates, the operation flexibility and accessibility are guaranteed, and the operation efficiency and the comfort of a patient are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oral medical treatment, in particular to a retractable dental implant handpiece. Background Art

[0002] In current dental implant surgery, precise cavity preparation is a critical step in ensuring the initial stability and long-term success of implants. Currently, dental implant handpieces equipped with fixed-length burs are widely used for cavity preparation. While these traditional tools can meet basic needs under routine surgical conditions, their inherent limitations are increasingly prominent when faced with complex anatomies or special patient conditions, primarily in the following areas:

[0003] Limited operation in narrow spaces: Traditional fixed-length burs perform poorly in oral areas with limited operating space (such as the posterior teeth, the area behind the molars, or near the pharynx). Due to the physical size limitations of the bur itself and its accompanying handpiece head, when the patient's mouth is not open enough, it is difficult for the bur to reach and effectively treat the target bone site at an ideal angle and position. For example, to prepare a standard implant cavity with a depth of approximately 10 mm, the existing bur together with the handpiece head usually requires a linear operating space of at least 20 mm. In the case of insufficient space, forced operation will not only significantly increase the difficulty of the operation and affect the accuracy of the cavity preparation, but may also damage adjacent important anatomical structures, reduce the safety of the operation, and even make the operation impossible in some extreme cases.

[0004] Non-adjustable needle length: Existing implant systems generally lack a mechanism for real-time, continuous adjustment of the needle's working length during surgery. Jaw bone density varies significantly between patients, and ideal cavity preparation requires adjusting the drilling depth based on bone hardness. However, fixed-length needles cannot flexibly adjust their effective penetration length into bone tissue during the drilling process, making it difficult to adapt to varying depths or avoid sensitive underlying structures.

[0005] Inefficient and cumbersome procedures: To accommodate cavity preparations of varying depths and diameters, current surgical procedures often require multiple, sequential changes of different-sized burs. This frequent instrument exchange not only significantly prolongs the overall surgical time and increases surgical complexity, but also heightens the risk of aseptic manipulation, increasing the likelihood of intraoperative infection and cross-contamination. Furthermore, frequent instrument changes can disrupt the surgical process, adding to patient stress and discomfort. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to address the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention provides a retractable bur implant dental handpiece, which adopts two sets of transmission systems to achieve a wide range of telescopic control of the working length while the bur rotates, ensuring operational flexibility and accessibility in the narrow oral space, improving surgical efficiency and patient comfort.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a retractable dental implant handpiece, comprising a drill housing, a traction rope, a guide wheel, a winding wheel, an upper transmission shaft, a handle housing, a first reducer, a second reducer, a lower transmission shaft, a needle, a spline inner sleeve and a center cylinder;

[0008] The rear side of the drill housing is radially provided with a connecting section which is connected and fixed to the front end neck of the handle housing to form an intermediate assembly cavity. The center tube is coaxially rotatably installed in the drill housing. The spline inner sleeve is coaxially fixed to the inside of the center tube by screws and extends out through the center hole at the bottom of the drill housing. The root of the needle is provided with a spline which slides with the spline inner sleeve. A thin spring is provided at the root end of the needle to provide downward elastic support. The guide wheel is installed at the top of the drill housing to turn the traction rope into an L shape. The end of the vertical section of the traction rope is rotatably connected to the root end of the needle through an adapter. The center The winding wheel, the upper transmission shaft and the lower transmission shaft are rotatably installed inside the intermediate assembly cavity. The winding wheel winds around the horizontal section of the traction rope. The front end of the upper transmission shaft is meshed with the winding wheel through a bevel gear pair for transmission. The front end of the lower transmission shaft is meshed with the outer wall of the center tube through a bevel gear pair for transmission. The reducer 1 and the reducer 2 are installed in parallel in the rear end cavity of the handle shell, and the output ends are connected to the rear ends of the upper transmission shaft and the lower transmission shaft through universal couplings for transmission. A quick-change interface is installed at the end of the handle shell for connecting the input ends of the reducer 1 and the reducer 2 with the external drive mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, a built-in channel with a full length is pre-processed at the bottom of the handle shell to embed and install the lighting optical fiber, and a lampshade is installed at a position corresponding to the front end of the lighting optical fiber at the bottom of the handle shell.

[0010] Furthermore, a guide pipe is integrally provided on the top of the connecting section of the drill bit housing, and a water nozzle of the guide pipe is led out through the bottom of the connecting section of the drill bit housing.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the drill housing is opened and the upper cover can be detachably installed by threaded assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, a spring cover is provided inside the drill housing between the guide wheel and the center tube. The upper surface of the spring cover is pressed into position by the upper cover. A thin spring is supported between the lower surface of the spring cover and the root end of the needle. A through hole is provided in the center of the spring cover for the vertical section of the traction rope to pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, a thick spring is supported and arranged between the lower surface of the spring cover and the top end of the spline inner sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided at the bottom of the drill bit housing.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: through precise mechanical structure design, two transmission systems are adopted, one transmission system is used for the rotational drive of the needle, and the other transmission system is based on the winding wheel-spring-traction rope structure for the extension and retraction control of the needle, thereby providing an implant dental mobile phone device that can achieve a large range of continuous and controllable adjustment of the working length of the needle during the operation, thereby significantly improving the operational flexibility and accessibility in the narrow oral space, and improving the surgical efficiency and patient comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the implant dental handpiece of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of the implant dental mobile phone of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Drill bit housing; 2. Upper cover; 3. Pull rope; 4. Guide wheel; 5. Winding wheel; 6. Upper transmission shaft; 7. Handle housing; 8. Universal coupling; 9. Reducer 1; 10. Quick-change interface; 11. Reducer 2; 12. Illuminating optical fiber; 13. Lower transmission shaft; 14. Lampshade; 15. Adapter; 16. Turning needle; 17. Spline inner sleeve; 18. Sealing ring; 19. Center tube; 20. Spring cover; 21. Guide tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the field of dental implantology, the traditional implant handpiece, combined with a fixed-length bur, presents significant limitations when preparing cavities in confined spaces (such as the posterior teeth area and near the pharynx). The non-adjustable bur length of existing equipment often requires a large operating space, increasing surgical difficulty and hindering bone quality assessment and autologous bone preservation. Furthermore, frequent drill bit changes during surgery further prolong the procedure and increase its complexity.

[0021] In response to the above problems, Figure 1~Figure 2As shown, a retractable dental implant handpiece includes a drill housing 1, an upper cover 2, a traction rope 3, a guide wheel 4, a winding wheel 5, an upper transmission shaft 6, a handle housing 7, a universal coupling 8, a reducer 1 9, a quick-change interface 10, a reducer 2 11, an illumination optical fiber 12, a lower transmission shaft 13, a lampshade 14, an adapter 15, a needle 16, a spline inner sleeve 17, a sealing ring 18, a center tube 19, a spring cover 20 and a guide tube 21.

[0022] Shell design:

[0023] The drill housing 1 is connected and fixed to the handle housing 7 to form the housing of the mobile phone, wherein a connecting section is radially provided on the rear side of the drill housing 1 and is connected and fixed to the front end neck of the handle housing 7 to form an intermediate assembly cavity for the installation of the power transmission part. The joint between the connecting section and the neck is treated with sealant to ensure the sealing of the interior of the housing. At the same time, a sealing ring 18 is provided at the bottom of the drill housing 1 to prevent steam or water from entering the interior of the drill housing 1 and affecting its operation when the mobile phone is in operation, ensuring that the interior of the device is not contaminated in high-speed rotation and liquid spray environments, thereby improving the device life and surgical safety. In addition, an opening is provided at the top of the drill housing 1, and the upper cover 2 can be detachably installed by threaded assembly to facilitate the replacement or maintenance of the internal components of the drill housing 1.

[0024] Rotating mechanism design:

[0025] The central tube 19 is coaxially mounted within the drill housing 1, with two bearings positioned above and below to ensure stability. The splined inner sleeve 17 is coaxially secured to the center tube 19 via screws and extends through the center hole at the bottom of the drill housing 1. Adjusting the screws allows the distance the splined inner sleeve 17 extends from the bottom of the drill housing 1 to be varied, allowing the axial length of the drill housing 1 to be controlled as needed to accommodate the actual needs of different operating spaces. A splined key is formed at the base of the needle 16, which slidably engages with the splined inner sleeve 17. This allows the needle 16 to rotate at high speeds without affecting its axial displacement, thus facilitating its telescopic control. The lower transmission shaft 13 is rotatably mounted inside the middle assembly cavity. The front end of the lower transmission shaft 13 is connected to the center tube 19 to control its rotation. Specifically, a bevel gear structure is integrally provided along the circumferential direction on the middle section of the outer wall of the center tube 19. A bevel gear is integrally provided at the front end of the lower transmission shaft 13. The bevel gear meshes with the bevel gear structure to form a bevel gear pair that connects and transmits the lower transmission shaft 13 and the center tube 19. A reducer 2 11 is mounted in the rear end cavity of the handle housing 7. The output end of the reducer 2 11 is connected to the rear end of the lower transmission shaft 13 through a universal coupling 8. The input end of the reducer 2 11 is connected to an external drive mechanism (power motor). The external drive mechanism drives the lower transmission shaft 13 to rotate after reducing the speed through the reducer 2 11, thereby driving the center tube 19 to rotate with the spline inner sleeve 17 and the turning needle 16.

[0026] Telescopic mechanism design:

[0027] The guide wheel 4 is rotatably mounted on the top of the drill housing 1. The traction rope 3 is bent into an L shape by the guide wheel 4. The end of the vertical section of the traction rope 3 is rotatably connected to the root end of the needle 16 through the adapter 15 to ensure that the traction rope 3 does not affect the rotation of the needle 16 during the contraction of the needle 16. At the same time, a thin spring is set at the root end of the needle 16 to provide downward elastic support, thereby achieving the extension of the needle 16 when the traction rope 3 is relaxed. In addition, the winding wheel 5 and the upper transmission shaft 6 are rotatably mounted inside the middle assembly cavity. The winding wheel 5 is wound around the horizontal section of the traction rope 3. The front end of the upper transmission shaft 6 is meshed with the winding wheel 5 through a bevel gear pair, thereby converting the forward and reverse movement of the winding wheel 5 controlled by the upper transmission shaft 6 into the vertical displacement of the needle 16 pulled by the traction rope 3 or pushed by the thin spring, thereby achieving the extension and retraction of the needle 16. A reducer 9 is also installed in the rear end cavity of the handle shell 7. The output end of the reducer 9 is connected to the rear end of the upper transmission shaft 6 through another universal joint 8 for transmission. The input end of the reducer 9 is connected to an external driving mechanism (power motor). The external driving mechanism drives the upper transmission shaft 6 to rotate after deceleration through the reducer 9, and then drives the winding wheel 5 to move forward and reverse to drive the needle 16 to extend and retract.

[0028] Quick connect design:

[0029] The quick-change interface 10 is installed at the end of the handle housing 7 for connecting the input ends of reducer 1 9 and reducer 2 11 to the external drive mechanism, so that the entire mobile phone can be quickly separated from or connected to the power motor, allowing the operator to quickly and easily complete the switching between the mobile phone unit and other surgical equipment and the power input, greatly reducing the non-drilling operation time, effectively improving the tool switching speed, and ensuring the overall operational flexibility, accuracy and surgical efficiency of the implant surgery.

[0030] Lighting Design:

[0031] The lighting optical fiber 12 is used to introduce external LED light into the surgical area. A long built-in channel is pre-processed at the bottom of the handle shell 7 to embed and install the lighting optical fiber 12, and a lampshade 14 is installed at the bottom of the handle shell 7 at a position corresponding to the front end of the lighting optical fiber 12, which effectively improves the visibility during the preparation of the implant cavity and is particularly suitable for narrow environments such as the posterior tooth area.

[0032] Flush design:

[0033] The guide tube 21 is integrally arranged at the top of the connecting section of the drill housing 1 , and the water nozzle of the guide tube 21 is led out through the bottom of the connecting section of the drill housing 1 , and is connected to the liquid supply system to provide the required liquid such as physiological saline to the surgical site.

[0034] In the above design, the bur 1 can be made of high-strength medical stainless steel or titanium alloy, which is suitable for high-torque and low-speed implant surgery environments. Reducer 1 9 and reducer 2 11 each output power independently without interfering with each other, effectively improving the independence and response speed of power distribution. In addition, to facilitate the bearing of the fine spring at the top end of the drill housing 1, a spring cover 20 can be provided inside the drill housing 1 between the guide wheel 4 and the center tube 19. The upper surface of the spring cover 20 is press-fitted and positioned by the upper cover 2. The fine spring support is provided between the lower surface of the spring cover 20 and the root end of the bur 16. A through-hole is provided in the center of the spring cover 20 for the vertical section of the traction rope 3 to pass through. A thick spring can also be supported and provided between the lower surface of the spring cover 20 and the top end of the spline inner sleeve 17 so that it can always be exposed to the outside of the drill housing 1 during the adjustment of the position of the spline inner sleeve 17, thereby facilitating the locking and positioning of the spline inner sleeve 17.

[0035] It is worth noting that the power motor connected to the input end of the reducer 1 9 is required to be able to perform forward and reverse adjustment. By changing the direction of the upper transmission shaft 6 through forward and reverse adjustment, the direction of the winding wheel 5 is changed to achieve the loosening or tightening of the traction rope 3, thereby achieving the extension or retraction of the needle 16. The power motor connected to the input end of the reducer 2 11 does not require forward and reverse adjustment function, and only needs to drive the lower transmission shaft 13 to rotate in one direction to achieve the rotation of the needle 16.

[0036] The excellent properties of the planting mobile phone of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] First, in terms of operational flexibility and precision, the winding wheel-spring-traction rope structure enables the needle 16 to achieve continuous and controllable expansion and contraction within a range of 20.8mm, and the overall length can be flexibly adjusted between 21.7mm and 42.5mm as needed, with a maximum diameter of 21mm. Compared to traditional fixed-length needles, which require at least 20mm of operating space when preparing the cavity, the implant handpiece of the present invention significantly shortens the space required for the needle, solving the problems of limited operation in narrow spaces and unadjustable needle length. The shortest state is 21.7mm, which is lower than the clinical limit of 35mm for the average maximum mouth opening depth of general patients, improving adaptability.

[0038] Secondly, in terms of surgical efficiency, the quick-change interface 10 can achieve rapid switching from other surgical equipment to the implant mobile phone of the present invention within 5 seconds, saving about 50% of the switching time and improving overall surgical efficiency.

[0039] In terms of power transmission, the independent dual reducer is equipped with two completely decoupled power transmission systems. Each system independently undertakes one power output task, precisely corresponding to rotational and telescopic movements respectively. This separate design significantly enhances the smoothness and control accuracy of power output, making the system power response more quick and sensitive.

[0040] In terms of bone adaptability, the precise telescopic control capability of the needle 16 can effectively adapt to the bones of patients with different densities and structures. During the drilling operation, it helps to retain the autologous bone volume to the greatest extent, creating more favorable conditions for subsequent bone transplantation or bone integration.

[0041] In terms of operation visibility, the integrated lighting fiber 12 and lampshade 14 are designed to provide sufficient lighting for the small and dark operating area, greatly improving the visibility of the field of view and ensuring the safety of surgical operations.

[0042] Regarding the mobile phone structure of the present invention, the optimization directions include:

[0043] Further reducing the radial size: The current maximum radial size of the drill bit housing 1 of the mobile phone structure of the present invention is 21 mm. By optimizing the internal structure design (such as using high-strength aviation aluminum alloy and compact bearings) or selecting new lightweight and high-strength materials (such as ceramic composites and carbon fiber reinforced polymers), it is expected to further reduce the radial size and improve its operational adaptability in narrow surgical areas (such as the third molar area and areas with severe bone deficiency).

[0044] Refined design parameters of the bevel gear part: The current bevel gear part design is mainly to meet basic functions. Subsequently, the tooth height, module, tooth profile angle and material heat treatment process can be further optimized and simulated and verified. The refined design of the bevel gear part can not only improve the power transmission efficiency to a higher level, but also effectively reduce the inter-tooth meshing noise and reduce wear, thereby significantly improving the durability and operational reliability of the power transmission.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other configurations without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations coming within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A retractable dental implant handpiece, characterized by: It includes a drill housing (1), a traction rope (3), a guide wheel (4), a winding wheel (5), an upper transmission shaft (6), a handle housing (7), a reducer 1 (9), a reducer 2 (11), a lower transmission shaft (13), a turning needle (16), a spline inner sleeve (17) and a center tube (19); The drill housing (1) is provided with a radial connection section at the rear side thereof and is connected and fixed with the front end neck of the handle housing (7) to form an intermediate assembly cavity. The center tube (19) is coaxially rotatably mounted in the drill housing (1). The spline inner sleeve (17) is coaxially fixed to the inside of the center tube (19) by screws and extends through the center hole at the bottom of the drill housing (1). The root of the needle (16) is provided with a spline that slides with the spline inner sleeve (17). A thin spring is provided at the root end of the needle (16) to provide downward elastic support. The guide wheel (4) is installed at the top of the drill housing (1) to turn the traction rope (3) into an L shape. The vertical end of the traction rope (3) is rotatably connected to the root end of the needle (16) through the adapter (15). The intermediate assembly cavity A winding wheel (5), an upper transmission shaft (6) and a lower transmission shaft (13) are rotatably installed inside, the winding wheel (5) is wound around the horizontal section of the traction rope (3), the front end of the upper transmission shaft (6) is meshed with the winding wheel (5) through a bevel gear pair for transmission, the front end of the lower transmission shaft (13) is meshed with the outer wall of the center tube (19) through a bevel gear pair for transmission, the reducer 1 (9) and the reducer 2 (11) are installed in parallel in the rear end cavity of the handle housing (7), and the output ends are connected to the rear ends of the upper transmission shaft (6) and the lower transmission shaft (13) through a universal coupling (8) for transmission, and a quick-change interface (10) is installed at the end of the handle housing (7) for connecting the input ends of the reducer 1 (9) and the reducer 2 (11) with the external drive mechanism.

2. The retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the handle housing (7) is pre-machined with a built-in channel for embedding and installing the lighting optical fiber (12), and a lampshade (14) is installed at a position corresponding to the front end of the lighting optical fiber (12) at the bottom of the handle housing (7).

3. A retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A flow guide pipe (21) is integrally provided at the top of the connecting section of the drill bit housing (1), and a water nozzle of the flow guide pipe (21) is led out through the bottom of the connecting section of the drill bit housing (1).

4. The retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill housing (1) is provided with an opening at the top and the upper cover (2) can be detachably mounted by threaded assembly.

5. The retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring cover (20) is provided inside the drill housing (1) between the guide wheel (4) and the center tube (19). The upper surface of the spring cover (20) is press-fitted and positioned by the upper cover (2). A thin spring is supported and provided between the lower surface of the spring cover (20) and the root end of the needle (16). A through hole is provided in the center of the spring cover (20) for the vertical section of the traction rope (3) to pass through.

6. The retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: A thick spring is supported and arranged between the lower surface of the spring cover (20) and the top end of the spline inner sleeve (17).

7. The retractable dental implant handpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (18) is provided at the inner bottom of the drill bit housing (1).

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