Electromagnetic assisted horizontal continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot device and method thereof

Abstract

The patent discloses an electromagnetic auxiliary horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy ingot device and a method thereof, and belongs to the field of aluminum alloy ingot production. Three groups of induction coils are arranged on the left side and the upper and lower sides of the tundish in front of the aluminum alloy horizontal continuous casting billet, and a complex chaotic flow of the melt is generated in different directions by the alternating electromagnetic field formed by the three groups of induction coils, so that the composition and temperature field of the melt in the whole tundish are more uniform, favorable conditions for explosive uniform nucleation are created, the ingot organization is small and uniform, and segregation is significantly improved. The application helps to improve the uniformity and consistency of the aluminum alloy billet organization, improve the quality of the horizontal continuous casting billet, and is suitable for various different specifications of aluminum alloy horizontal casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aluminum alloy ingot production, and more specifically, to an electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting apparatus and method for aluminum alloy ingots. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys, as one of the most widely used lightweight metal structural materials in industry, have been extensively applied in aerospace, automotive, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, and chemical industries. Currently, in order to reduce production costs and improve production efficiency, researchers are focusing on short-process preparation of aluminum alloys, such as horizontal continuous casting technology, which has advantages such as simple equipment, high yield, and the ability to achieve continuous casting.

[0003] Compared to vertical semi-continuous casting, horizontal continuous casting of aluminum alloys operates along a horizontal direction. During the casting process, under the influence of gravity, there are temperature differences between the upper and lower parts of the melt, and the cooling intensities of the upper and lower surfaces of the ingot differ, resulting in an inhomogeneous microstructure within the ingot. Therefore, obtaining a homogeneous microstructure has become a significant challenge in the horizontal continuous casting production of aluminum alloys.

[0004] In recent years, the preparation of fine-grained, homogeneous aluminum alloy ingots using physical external fields has become a research hotspot. This involves applying electromagnetic fields, ultrasound, and mechanical stirring to the melt during the casting process to effectively improve the quality of the ingots. Among these methods, electromagnetic fields can efficiently and non-contactly intervene in the melt through heating, refining, confinement, and driving, offering advantages such as simple equipment and convenient operation, and are widely used. They can improve the flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer conditions during the solidification process, achieving the goals of refining grains, reducing segregation and cracks, and eliminating porosity and shrinkage cavities.

[0005] Patent 200510032537.7 proposes a horizontal continuous casting electromagnetic stirring technology. In this technology, unidirectional and bidirectional rotating electromagnetic stirring are added in the secondary cooling zone and at the end of solidification, respectively. The former aims to break up columnar crystals and reduce the temperature gradient at the solidification front of the solid-liquid interface to expand the central equiaxed crystal region; the latter aims to improve the elemental distribution in the mushy region and reduce segregation. However, this method has limited effectiveness in dispersing and breaking up agglomerated second phases, and the required equipment is complex, resulting in low feasibility.

[0006] Patent 201710230463.0 proposes a method and apparatus for preparing a multi-mode electromagnetic field homogenized metal continuous casting billet. It mainly applies a rotating magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field to the horizontal continuous casting billet, which affect the composition and temperature at the solid-liquid interface front in the solidification region. The ingot is formed by the gradual solidification of the melt in the tundish. This technology ignores the "hereditary" effect of melt treatment on the solidification structure.

[0007] In existing technologies, electromagnetic fields are typically applied to a cold position within the crystallizer, where the melt is in a semi-solid state with a low temperature. This results in a narrow processing window and limited refinement effects, particularly for the dispersion and fragmentation of the primary phase. Furthermore, the pretreatment of the melt is crucial, as the uniformity of composition and temperature directly impacts the grain size and segregation of the subsequent cast billet. Therefore, pre-solidification treatment of the melt must be considered.

[0008] In summary, optimizing the timing and method of electromagnetic field application in the horizontal continuous casting process of aluminum alloys to improve the grain homogenization effect while taking into account the influence of melt pretreatment on solidification structure has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome a series of defects in the existing technology, the purpose of this application is to provide an electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting device and method for aluminum alloy ingots. The device mainly consists of a tundish, a crystallization system, and a traction system. The tundish has a feed inlet 1 on its upper left side for transferring the molten metal 5. The tundish mainly consists of a furnace shell 3 and an inner lining 4. Induction coils I 2, III 7, and II 6 are respectively installed on the left side and above and below the tundish. The crystallization system is used for the solidification of the molten metal 5 and consists of a crystallizer 10 and a cooling water system 11. The crystallizer includes a primary cooling device 8, and a heat insulation plate 9 is installed between the tundish and the crystallization system. The traction system is used to traction the solidified ingot 13 and consists of an ingot derrick 15 and a traction mechanism 14, which includes a hydraulically adjustable downward pressing device 12. During the casting process, the alternating electromagnetic fields generated by induction coil I2, induction coil III7, and induction coil II8 continuously act on the melt 5, causing it to form a complex chaotic flow. As time goes by, the effect of the electromagnetic field on the melt changes continuously, making the melt composition and temperature field distribution more uniform. As the solidification process proceeds, the melt 5 begins to solidify at a cold position 8. The cooling water device 11 provides cooling for the ingot, while the traction mechanism 14 tractions the ingot. In order to ensure the flatness of the ingot 13, the ingot clamping device 12 is used to clamp the ingot, ultimately obtaining a high-quality horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy billet.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the concept of this invention is as follows:

[0011] During horizontal continuous casting of aluminum alloys, gravity creates a gap between the solidified shell and the mold wall that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. This narrower gap results in stronger cooling at the mold contact point, meaning the lower surface of the ingot cools more intensely than the upper surface. This leads to earlier solidification of the lower part of the ingot, a thicker initial solidified shell, and a thicker segregation layer compared to the upper part. Simultaneously, under gravity, denser elements in the aluminum alloy tend to accumulate in the lower half of the ingot, while less dense elements accumulate in the upper part. Especially when processing is incomplete, the melt composition and temperature become more uneven, ultimately resulting in poor microstructure uniformity. Furthermore, the different cooling intensities lead to inconsistent grain sizes. This invention addresses this issue by applying alternating magnetic fields at different positions in the tundish in front of the aluminum alloy horizontal continuous casting billet. By adjusting electromagnetic process parameters, the effect on the melt can be altered. For example, a sinusoidal wave can cause the induction coil to continuously change its direction within a unit of time. This cyclical process generates complex chaotic flows in the melt, thereby homogenizing the composition and temperature field, ultimately resulting in a fine and uniform ingot microstructure and significantly improving segregation.

[0012] Furthermore, the induction coil 2, induction coil 7 and induction coil 6 are composed of an iron core and a coil. The iron core is square or round, with a size of 20-200mm×20-200mm or φ20-φ200mm. The coil is made of copper wire with a diameter of φ0.5-φ20mm and 1-80 turns.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary cooling position 8 of the crystallizer is made of graphite or copper alloy material for cooling, and the cooling water system 11 has double drainage holes with spray hole angles of 45° and 60° respectively; one or more identical crystallizers can be installed simultaneously on the right side of the intermediate tundish.

[0014] Furthermore, during the traction process, a hydraulically adjustable pressing device 12 is used for clamping, which is adjusted according to the cross-sectional area of ​​the ingot to ensure the flatness of the billet.

[0015] Furthermore, the frequency of the alternating electromagnetic field is 0.1-100Hz, and the current magnitude is 0.01-500A.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling water flow rate is 0.1-5000 L / min, the inlet water temperature is 0-40℃, the outlet water temperature is 10-50℃, and the inlet water pressure is 0.1-6.0 Kg / cm³. 2 Melt temperature 5: 670-800℃; continuous casting speed: 0.1-300mm / min; ingot cross-sectional area: 10-5000cm² 2 .

[0017] Furthermore, the heat insulation board 8 has a double-layer structure, including an inner heat insulation board and an outer heat insulation board. The inner heat insulation board is made of high-purity graphite material, and the outer heat insulation board is made of stainless steel material. A cavity is formed between the two heat insulation boards, and the cavity is filled with heat insulation material to further improve the heat insulation effect.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface of the ingot guide head 15 is provided with a spiral groove with a pitch of 5-20 mm and a depth of 1-5 mm, in order to increase the friction between the ingot guide rod 15 and the ingot 13 and prevent the ingot from slipping during the traction process.

[0019] Furthermore, the lining of the tundish is composed of multiple layers of refractory materials, including a heat insulation layer, a thermal insulation layer, and an anti-oxidation layer. The heat insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material, the thermal insulation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber material, and the anti-oxidation layer is made of stainless steel material, so as to improve the service life and thermal insulation performance of the tundish.

[0020] Furthermore, the ingot traction 14 is driven by a variable frequency speed control motor, and the traction speed is accurately controlled within ±0.1mm / min to ensure uniform forming and flatness of the ingot.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) In the horizontal continuous casting process, the present invention utilizes the electromagnetic stirring effect of alternating electromagnetic field to effectively reduce the temperature gradient at the solid-liquid interface at the solidification front, break up primary dendrites, and thus homogenize the composition and temperature of the melt.

[0023] 2) The alternating magnetic field generated by this invention can enhance the interaction between solute atoms, optimize the diffusion process of the melt, and thus improve element segregation in the horizontal continuous casting process.

[0024] 3) The method and apparatus of the present invention have a simple structure, are easy to operate, do not contaminate the melt, and have a significant improvement effect.

[0025] The terms cast ingot, cast billet, and billet used in this invention have the same meaning. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure for electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting of ingots according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the method for preparing high-quality ingots through continuous casting process in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 The optical microstructure of the A390 ingot in Example 1 is shown.

[0029] Figure 4The optical microstructure of the 6061 ingot in Example 2 is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some embodiments of this invention, but not all embodiments.

[0031] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The embodiments and directional terms described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In a broad embodiment of the present invention, an electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting device for aluminum alloy ingots mainly comprises a tundish, a crystallization system, and a traction system. The tundish has a feed inlet 1 on its upper left side for transferring the molten metal 5 to it. The tundish mainly consists of a furnace shell 3 and an inner lining 4. Induction coils I 2, III 7, and II 6 are respectively installed on the left side and above and below the tundish. The crystallization system, used for the solidification of the molten metal 5, consists of a crystallizer 10 and a cooling water system 11. The crystallizer includes a primary cooling device 8, and a heat insulation plate 9 is installed between the tundish and the crystallization system. The traction system, used for traction of the solidified ingot 13, consists of an ingot derrick 15 and a traction mechanism 14, wherein the traction mechanism includes a hydraulically adjustable downward pressing device 12.

[0034] Furthermore, the induction coil 2, induction coil 7 and induction coil 6 are composed of an iron core and a coil. The iron core is square or round, with a size of 20-200mm×20-200mm or φ20-φ200mm. The coil is made of copper wire with a diameter of φ0.5-φ20mm and 1-80 turns.

[0035] Furthermore, the primary cooling position 8 of the crystallizer is made of graphite or copper alloy material for cooling, and the cooling water system 11 has double drainage holes with spray hole angles of 45° and 60° respectively; one or more identical crystallizers can be installed simultaneously on the right side of the intermediate tundish.

[0036] Furthermore, the cooling water flow rate is 0.1-5000 L / min, the inlet water temperature is 0-40℃, the outlet water temperature is 10-50℃, and the inlet water pressure is 0.1-6.0 Kg / cm³. 2Melt temperature 5: 670-800℃; continuous casting speed: 0.1-300mm / min; ingot cross-sectional area: 10-5000cm² 2 .

[0037] Furthermore, the heat insulation board 8 has a double-layer structure, including an inner heat insulation board and an outer heat insulation board. The inner heat insulation board is made of high-purity graphite material, and the outer heat insulation board is made of stainless steel material. A cavity is formed between the two heat insulation boards, and the cavity is filled with heat insulation material to further improve the heat insulation effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the surface of the ingot guide head 15 is provided with a spiral groove, the pitch of which is 5-20mm and the depth is 1-5mm, to increase the friction between the ingot guide rod 15 and the ingot 13 and prevent the ingot from slipping during the traction process; the ingot traction 14 is driven by a variable frequency speed control motor, and the traction speed is accurately controlled within ±0.1mm / min to ensure the uniform forming and straightness of the ingot.

[0039] Further The lining of the tundish is composed of multiple layers of refractory materials, including a heat insulation layer, a thermal insulation layer and an anti-oxidation layer. The heat insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material, the thermal insulation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber material, and the anti-oxidation layer is made of stainless steel material, so as to improve the service life and thermal insulation performance of the tundish.

[0040] An electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting method for aluminum alloy ingots includes the following steps: During casting, the alternating electromagnetic fields generated by induction coil I2, induction coil III7, and induction coil II8 continuously act on the melt 5, causing it to form a complex chaotic flow; as time progresses, the effect of the electromagnetic field on the melt changes continuously, making the melt composition and temperature field distribution more uniform; as the solidification process proceeds, the melt 5 begins to solidify at a cold position 8, the cooling water device 11 provides cooling for the ingot, and at the same time, the traction mechanism 14 tractions the ingot; in order to ensure the flatness of the ingot 13, the ingot is clamped by the ingot clamping device 12, and finally a high-quality horizontally continuous casting aluminum alloy ingot is obtained.

[0041] Furthermore, the frequency of the alternating electromagnetic field is 0.1-100Hz, and the current magnitude is 0.01-500A.

[0042] Furthermore, as time progresses, the direction of the electromagnetic field continuously changes, leading to a more uniform distribution of melt composition and temperature field, including the following steps:

[0043] Through formula Determine the magnetic field amplitude B0, angular frequency ω, and direction of the induction coil. Controlling the alternating characteristics of electromagnetic fields;

[0044] Using the Lorentz force formula F em(t)=ρ(J(t)×B(t)), where an alternating electromagnetic field is applied to the free charges and ions in the melt, generating an electromagnetic force that varies with time, where F em B(t) is the electromagnetic force that varies with time t, acting on free charges or ions in the melt; B(t) is the magnetic field strength vector that varies with time t, representing the strength of the electromagnetic field; ρ is the density of the melt; J(t) is the current density that varies with time t, representing the intensity of charge flow per unit area.

[0045] According to the heat conduction equation Adjust the electromagnetic heating source Q em (t), which gradually homogenizes the melt temperature, wherein... The rate of temperature change is given by α; α is the thermal diffusivity, representing the rate at which heat is conducted through the melt. Here, is the gradient operator, representing the spatial derivative; T is the temperature field, representing the temperature distribution at various points in the melt; c p The specific heat capacity of the melt;

[0046] Using diffusion equations Electromagnetic force is used to enhance the diffusion and mixing of melt components, achieving a uniform distribution. denoted by , represents the rate of change of concentration over time, describing the evolution of the melt composition over time; D is the mass diffusion coefficient, representing the diffusion ability of alloying elements within the melt; C is the composition concentration, describing the content of alloying elements at various locations in the melt; v(t) is the melt flow velocity at time t, which varies under the influence of electromagnetic force; J em (t) represents the current density caused by electromagnetic stirring at time t.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the present invention will be further described in detail.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] In this embodiment, see Figure 1An electromagnetically assisted horizontal continuous casting device for aluminum alloy ingots includes a tundish, a crystallization system, and an ingot traction system. Induction coils I2, III7, and II6 are respectively installed on the left side and above and below the tundish. The crystallization system consists of a crystallizer 10 and a cooling water system 11, wherein the crystallizer includes a primary cooling device 8. The traction system is used to traction the solidified ingot 13 and consists of an ingot derrick 15 and a traction mechanism 14, wherein the traction mechanism includes a hydraulically adjustable downward pressing device 12. The device is characterized in that, after refining and degassing, the melt 5 flows into the tundish furnace opening 1. The tundish is composed of a furnace shell 3 and an inner lining 4. A heat insulation plate 8 is installed between the melt 5 and the crystallization system to prevent the crystallizer from overheating. After casting begins, induction coils 2, 6, and 7 are energized. The presence of an alternating electromagnetic field continuously acts on the melt 5, causing the melt 5 to form a complex chaotic flow. Furthermore, as time increases, the direction of the electromagnetic field continuously changes, resulting in a more uniform melt composition and temperature field. As the solidification process continues, the molten metal at the first cold position 8 solidifies, and the cooling water 11 cools the ingot. At the same time, the casting machine works to pull the ingot. In order to ensure the flatness of the ingot 13, the ingot clamping device 12 is used to clamp the ingot, and finally a high-quality horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy billet is obtained.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, A390 alloy ingots are prepared. The material used for the first cooling position 8 is copper alloy, with an inner diameter of 67.8 mm. Pure aluminum, electrolytic copper, pure magnesium, and pure silicon are smelted and refined according to the batching list and production process. After refining, the induction coil is transferred to the tundish. Before casting, the induction coil is energized, and the core dimensions are... The diameter of the copper wire in the coil is The winding count is 15 turns. The frequency is industrial frequency, and the current is 20A. The cooling water is turned on, with a flow rate of 800L / min, a temperature of 20℃, and an inlet pressure of 3.2Kg / cm³. 2 The melt temperature in the tundish is maintained at 750-770℃. The speed of the dummy rod 15 is set to 120mm / min, which matches the dummy rod speed of the ingot 13. The applied electromagnetic field continuously acts on the melt 5, causing an electromagnetic effect at the solid-liquid interface front corresponding to the first cooling point 8 of the crystallizer, improving conditions for explosive nucleation. Simultaneously, it acts on the solute atoms, altering the melt diffusion process. As solidification proceeds, the molten metal at the first cooling point 8 solidifies, and then cooling water 11 cools the ingot. Simultaneously, the dummy rod traction pulls the ingot 13, and to ensure the flatness of the ingot 13, an ingot clamping device 12 clamps the ingot. Ultimately, the A390 ingot has a fine and uniform primary Si structure, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the ingot grade is 6061 and the inner diameter of the first cooling position is 256mm. The main consideration for this ingot is grain refinement, with the electromagnetic frequency adjusted to 15Hz and the current to 80A. Simultaneously, the corresponding casting process parameters are adjusted to obtain a fine-grained, homogeneous aluminum alloy continuous casting ingot with an average size of 102μm. Figure 4 As shown.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the ingot grade is 2219, the inner diameter of the first cooling position is 178mm, the electromagnetic frequency is adjusted to 50Hz, and the current is 50A. Simultaneously, the casting process parameters are adjusted accordingly to obtain a high-quality aluminum alloy continuous casting ingot with a Cu element segregation rate of 1.8%.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic assisted horizontal continuous casting method of an aluminum alloy ingot, characterized by, During the casting operation, the alternating electromagnetic fields generated by the induction coil I, the induction coil III and the induction coil II continuously act on the melt, so that the melt forms a complex chaotic flow; with the passage of time, the effect of the electromagnetic field on the melt changes constantly, effectively reducing the temperature gradient of the solid-liquid interface at the solidification front, breaking the primary dendrites, and making the melt composition and temperature field distribution more uniform; as the solidification process proceeds, the melt begins to solidify at a cold location, the cooling water device provides cooling to the ingot, and at the same time, the traction mechanism pulls the ingot, in order to ensure the flatness of the ingot, the ingot pressing device is used to press the ingot, and finally a high-quality horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy billet is obtained; The electromagnetic auxiliary horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy ingot method is realized based on an electromagnetic auxiliary horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy ingot device, and the electromagnetic auxiliary horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy ingot device mainly comprises a tundish, a crystallization system and a traction system, wherein the tundish is provided with a feeding port at the upper left side, which is used for transferring the melt to the tundish, and the tundish mainly comprises a furnace shell and an inner lining; the tundish is provided with an induction coil I, an induction coil III and an induction coil II at the left side and the upper and lower sides respectively. The crystallization system is used for solidification of the metal melt and is composed of a crystallizer and a cooling water system, wherein the crystallizer is provided with a primary cooling device, and a heat insulation plate is arranged between the tundish and the crystallization system; the traction system is used for pulling the solidified ingot and is composed of a dummy bar head and a traction mechanism, wherein the traction mechanism comprises a hydraulic adjustable pressing device.

2. The electromagnetic assisted horizontal continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot process of claim 1 wherein, The induction coils outside the tundish are each composed of a core and a coil, the core is square or circular, and the size is 20-200mm*20-200mm or φ20-φ200mm; the coil is made of copper wire, the diameter is φ0.5-φ20mm, and the number of winding turns is 1-80 turns.

3. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot method according to claim 1, characterized by, The primary cooling device of the crystallizer is cooled by graphite or copper alloy material, the cooling water system is provided with double drain holes, and the angles of the water spraying holes are 45° and 60° respectively; one or more same crystallizers can be simultaneously arranged at the right side of the tundish.

4. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot method according to claim 1, characterized by, The surface of the dummy bar head is provided with a helical groove, the pitch of the helical groove is 5-20mm, and the depth is 1-5mm, so as to increase the friction force between the dummy bar and the ingot; the traction is driven by a variable frequency speed regulation motor, and the traction speed accuracy is controlled within ±0.1mm / min; the hydraulic adjustable pressing device is used for pressing during the traction process, and the size of the ingot cross section is adjusted to ensure the flatness of the billet.

5. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot method according to claim 1, characterized by, The inner lining of the tundish is composed of multiple layers of refractory materials, including a heat insulation layer, a heat preservation layer and an oxidation resistance layer, the heat insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material, the heat preservation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber material, and the oxidation resistance layer is made of stainless steel material, so as to improve the service life and heat preservation performance of the tundish.

6. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot method according to claim 1, characterized by, The method is suitable for the preparation and production of round billets, hollow billets, square billets and heterogeneous composite aluminum alloy billets.

7. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot method according to claim 1, wherein, The applied electromagnetic frequency is 0.1-100Hz, and the current size is 0.01-500A, which is an alternating magnetic field.

8. The electromagnetic assisted horizontally continuous casting of aluminum alloy ingot process of claim 1 wherein, The cooling water flow rate is 0.1-5000 L / min, the cooling water inlet temperature is 0-40℃, the cooling water outlet temperature is 10-50℃, the intermediate ladle metal melt temperature is 670-800℃, the continuous casting speed is 0.1-300 mm / min, and the water inlet pressure is 0.1-6.0 Kg / cm 2 , and the ingot cross-sectional area is 10-5000 cm 2 .

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