A spline shaft high-speed grinding cooling device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-speed grinding cooling device and method for splined shafts, relating to the technical field of grinding cooling devices. It includes a worktable, grinding components, a clamping and rotating component, a conveying component, and a liquid guiding mechanism. Two symmetrically arranged liquid guiding components form a ring-shaped structure. Combined with a design where the extended center line of the jet nozzle precisely points to the grinding position, this solves the problem of traditional fixed nozzles failing to focus on the grinding area. This allows the coolant to act directionally on the grinding contact area, ensuring effective coverage of the grinding point throughout the splined shaft machining process. Through the synergistic effect of the spiral liquid guiding structure and the high-speed rotation of the splined shaft, the coolant is continuously accelerated in the converging flow channel, forming a high-pressure spiral flow. This effectively overcomes the air barrier formed on the splined shaft surface by high-speed rotation. The centrifugal acceleration effect of the spiral flow, combined with the pressurization effect of the converging flow channel of the protective cover, significantly enhances the jet kinetic energy of the coolant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding cooling devices, and in particular to a high-speed grinding cooling device and method for splined shafts. Background Technology

[0002] A splined shaft is a mechanical part that transmits torque through the meshing of circumferentially distributed key teeth with a spline sleeve. It features high load-bearing capacity and high centering accuracy, and is widely used in transmission systems of automobiles, machine tools, and other applications.

[0003] Splined shafts, as core components of mechanical transmission, are widely used in automobiles, machine tools, and other fields. Their machining accuracy and efficiency directly affect equipment performance. High-speed grinding technology has become the mainstream process for precision manufacturing of splined shafts due to its ability to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency machining. However, the high-speed friction between the grinding wheel and the workpiece during grinding generates a large amount of heat. If cooling is not timely, it can lead to problems such as workpiece thermal deformation, accelerated grinding wheel wear, and surface defects. Therefore, an efficient cooling system is crucial. Traditional grinding cooling devices have the following problems:

[0004] Firstly, traditional cooling devices often employ a "global casting" method. However, when the spline shaft rotates, the coolant is easily dispersed due to centrifugal force, making it difficult to accurately cover the grooved area. In particular, when the groove is distributed along the circumference of the shaft, the fixed nozzles cannot be dynamically adjusted with the machining position, resulting in insufficient cooling of critical areas such as the bottom and walls of the groove.

[0005] Secondly, the surface of the high-speed rotating shaft will form an airflow layer, similar to an air barrier. Traditionally low-pressure cast coolant has difficulty penetrating this layer, and the amount of coolant actually in contact with the grinding area is greatly reduced.

[0006] To address these issues, this invention proposes a high-speed grinding cooling device and method for splined shafts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0008] A high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts includes:

[0009] Workbench;

[0010] A grinding assembly, comprising a grinding wheel holder mounted on a worktable and a grinding structure mounted on the grinding wheel holder;

[0011] A clamping and rotating assembly holds a spline shaft and drives the spline shaft to rotate at high speed around its own axis. The grinding wheel frame pushes the grinding structure to the surface of the spline shaft to cut and form a grinding position.

[0012] A conveying assembly, which is mounted on top of the grinding structure, includes a flexible cooling tube.

[0013] The fluid guiding mechanism includes two sets of fluid guiding components symmetrically arranged about the grinding position. A feeding channel for the grinding structure to advance is formed between the two sets of fluid guiding components. Each fluid guiding component includes a connecting guide head that connects to the cooling pipe, a fluid guiding structure arranged in a spiral shape around the spline shaft, and a connecting tail head with a jet port. The connecting guide head is connected to the connecting tail head through the fluid guiding structure. The water jet from the cooling pipe enters the inner cavity of the fluid guiding structure and is rotated. The connecting guide head is connected to the connecting tail head through the fluid guiding structure. The center extension line of the jet port passes through the grinding position. After the water jet from the cooling pipe enters the inner cavity of the fluid guiding mechanism, it is acted upon by the rotating spline shaft to form a spiral accelerated flow and is jetted at high pressure from the jet port to the grinding position.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding cooling device for spline shafts of the present invention, the conveying assembly includes a liquid delivery pipe, a valve disposed on the liquid delivery pipe, a pipe mounting base installed between the liquid delivery pipe and the cooling pipe, and a plurality of pipe sleeves installed on the pipe mounting base. The pipe mounting base locks the cooling pipe through the pipe sleeves, and the end of the cooling pipe facing away from the pipe mounting base is pointed to form a nozzle.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts of the present invention, the connecting guide head includes an integrally formed trapezoidal guide plate and a sealing plate, the trapezoidal guide plate and the sealing plate forming a trapezoidal cylindrical box with openings at both ends of the trapezoidal cylindrical box, and an interface plate provided at the end of the trapezoidal cylindrical box away from the liquid guiding structure, the interface plate having two sets of circular interfaces symmetrically arranged about the sealing plate, and the circular interfaces and the nozzle being spirally connected.

[0016] The center extension lines of the two sets of circular interfaces intersect at the central axis of the liquid guiding mechanism, and the axis of the circular interface is set at an angle to the central plane of the sealing plate, with the angle pointing towards the inner spiral side of the liquid guiding structure.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding cooling device for spline shafts according to the present invention, the liquid guiding structure includes a flow guide shroud extending along the trapezoidal guide plate and forming a spiral encircling the spline shaft. The flow guide shroud has an arc-shaped liquid guiding groove that spirals around the spline shaft. The depth of the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove gradually becomes shallower and the width gradually becomes narrower along the flow direction of the coolant, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel structure.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding cooling device for spline shafts described in this invention, two symmetrically arranged front arc-shaped guide plates are also attached to both sides of the trapezoidal guide plate, and the front arc-shaped guide plates gradually become thicker along the liquid flow direction.

[0019] The flow guide shroud has two sets of irregularly shaped arc-shaped flow guide plates inside its arc-shaped liquid guide groove. The two sets of irregularly shaped arc-shaped flow guide plates are formed by extending from the front arc-shaped flow guide plate. The surface of the irregularly shaped arc-shaped flow guide plates is arrayed with multiple triangular oblique flow guide plates. The triangular oblique flow guide plates are close to the opening of the flow guide shroud, and the multiple triangular oblique flow guide plates are laid at three-quarters of the position of the flow guide shroud.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding cooling device for spline shafts of the present invention, the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove of the flow guide shroud is provided with multiple sets of spiral guide vanes, and a spiral flow channel that gradually narrows along the flow direction of the coolant is formed between adjacent spiral guide vanes. The cross-section of the spiral guide vane is arranged in an upright trapezoidal shape, and the spiral guide vane is laid at the three-quarter end of the flow guide shroud.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding and cooling device for spline shafts according to the present invention, wherein: the tail of the irregular arc-shaped guide vane is deformed into an arc shape and wrapped around the inner wall of the guide shroud to form a pipe-like structure at the tail of the guide shroud;

[0022] The interior of the connecting tail has a tapered guide cavity. The narrow end of the tapered guide cavity is the jet port, and the wide end transitions to the irregular arc-shaped guide plate of the guide shroud.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding and cooling device for spline shafts of the present invention, the grinding wheel frame includes a first guide assembly mounted on the worktable, a base plate moving on the first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly disposed in the mounting base plate. The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are perpendicular to each other. The second guide assembly is mounted on the bottom end of the frame. The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly are used to drive the frame to move along the length or width direction of the worktable.

[0024] The liquid guiding mechanism also includes a displacement component and a support component. The support component is connected to the base plate for synchronous movement. The support component is vertically inserted into the displacement component to support the two sets of liquid guiding components.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the high-speed grinding and cooling device for splined shafts according to the present invention, the clamping and rotating assembly includes a turntable and a tailstock arranged along the length of the worktable, a shim block disposed at the bottom of the rotating sleeve seat, a rotary motor disposed in the inner cavity of the turntable, a central connecting seat connected to the rotary motor, a spline sleeve disposed in the central connecting seat away from the end of the turntable, and a piston rod disposed in the tailstock. The piston rod, push rod, central connecting seat and spline sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the push rod and spline sleeve respectively lock the two ends of the splined shaft.

[0026] A high-speed grinding cooling method for splined shafts, implemented using the aforementioned high-speed grinding cooling device, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1: The two ends of the spline shaft to be processed are locked by the spline sleeve and the push rod of the clamping and rotating assembly, respectively. The frame is driven to move by the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly of the grinding wheel frame, so that the disc grinding wheel gradually approaches the spline shaft and contacts to form a grinding position, and the grinding structure and the spline shaft are started at the same time.

[0028] S2: The coolant is delivered to the pipeline mounting base via the delivery pipe, and then distributed to multiple cooling pipes through the sleeve. The coolant is then focused into a jet by the nozzle and injected into the trapezoidal cylinder of the liquid guiding mechanism.

[0029] S3: The coolant forms a centripetal tangential component in the trapezoidal cavity, flows into the arc-shaped liquid guide groove, and flows along the carrier under the constraint of the spiral guide vane. Under the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft, it is accelerated along the spiral flow channel. At the same time, the triangular inclined guide vane returns the deflected coolant to the center and finally converges at the tail of the guide shroud.

[0030] S4: The center extension line of the jet nozzle is always aligned with the grinding position. The gradually narrowing flow channel of the arc-shaped liquid guide groove further increases the speed of the coolant. Finally, it is ejected from the jet nozzle in the form of a high-pressure jet, which penetrates the air barrier formed by the rotation of the spline shaft and directly acts on the grinding contact area between the disc grinding wheel and the spline shaft to achieve dynamic cooling of the grinding position.

[0031] S5: After the spline shaft is ground to the preset size, the grinding wheel frame drives the disc grinding wheel to exit the grinding position in the opposite direction, stops the rotating motor to slow down the spline shaft to a standstill, and stops the coolant delivery.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application solves the problem that traditional fixed nozzles cannot focus on the grinding area by forming a ring-shaped structure with two sets of symmetrically arranged liquid guiding components. Combined with the design that the extension line of the jet nozzle center is precisely pointed to the grinding position, the coolant can be directed to the grinding contact area, ensuring that the grinding point is effectively covered at all times during the spline shaft machining process. With the synergistic effect of the spiral liquid guiding structure and the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft, the coolant is continuously accelerated in the tapered flow channel, forming a high-pressure spiral flow. This effectively breaks through the air barrier formed on the surface of the spline shaft due to high-speed rotation. The centrifugal acceleration effect of the spiral flow is combined with the pressurization effect of the tapered flow channel of the protective cover, which greatly improves the jet kinetic energy of the coolant. This allows more coolant to penetrate the airflow layer and reach the grinding area directly, significantly increasing the amount of coolant actually in contact with the grinding area. This avoids the problem of the coolant being deflected by the airflow during traditional low-pressure pouring, thereby efficiently removing the heat generated by grinding and ensuring grinding accuracy and tool life. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the high-speed grinding and cooling device for splined shafts;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping and rotating assembly in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Axonometric drawing of the overall structure of the high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts;

[0037] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the A-section structure;

[0038] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the overall structure of the clamping and rotating assembly in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the liquid guiding mechanism in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of section B;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the connecting guide in this invention.

[0042] Reference numerals: 100, worktable; 210, disc grinding wheel; 220, drive motor; 230, machine housing; 240, machine frame; 250, grinding wheel frame; 2511, displacement motor; 2512, track frame; 2513, track chuck; 2514, worm gear; 252, base plate; 253, second guide assembly; 260, protective cover; 310, turntable; 320, center connecting seat; 330, spline sleeve; 340, shim block; 350, push rod; 360, tailstock; 370, piston rod; 380, deep groove ball bearing; 410, cooling pipe; 411, nozzle; 420, pipe mounting base; 430. Valve; 440, Infusion tubing; 500, Splined shaft; 600, Liquid guiding mechanism; 611, Base; 612, Support rod; 621, Transverse guide rail; 622, Guide rail seat; 630, Liquid guiding assembly; 631, Connecting guide head; 6311, Trapezoidal guide plate; 6312, Sealing plate; 6313, Interface plate; 6314, Circular interface; 6315, Front arc-shaped guide plate; 632, Liquid guiding structure; 6321, Flow guide hood; 6322, Spiral guide vane; 6323, Irregular arc-shaped guide vane; 6324, Triangular oblique guide vane; 633, Connecting tail end; 6331, Jet port; 6332, Conical guide cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-8 As shown, this is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts, comprising:

[0047] Workbench 100;

[0048] A grinding assembly includes a grinding wheel holder 250 mounted on a worktable 100 and a grinding structure mounted on the grinding wheel holder 250, wherein the grinding wheel holder 250 supports the grinding structure and drives the grinding structure to move along the length or width direction of the worktable 100.

[0049] The clamping and rotating assembly holds the spline shaft 500 and drives the spline shaft 500 to rotate at high speed around its own axis. The grinding wheel frame 250 pushes the grinding structure to the surface of the spline shaft 500 to cut and form a grinding position.

[0050] A conveying assembly, which is mounted on top of the grinding structure, includes a flexible cooling tube 410.

[0051] The fluid guiding mechanism 600 includes two sets of fluid guiding components 630 symmetrically arranged about the grinding position. The two sets of fluid guiding components 630 form an advance channel for the grinding structure to advance. The fluid guiding component 630 includes a connecting guide head 631 that docks with the cooling pipe 410, a fluid guiding structure 632 that is spirally arranged around the spline shaft 500, and a connecting tail head 633 with a jet port 6331. The connecting guide head 631 is connected to the connecting tail head 633 through the fluid guiding structure 632. The water jet from the cooling pipe 410 enters the inner cavity of the fluid guiding structure 632 and is rotated at high speed. The connecting guide head 631 is connected to the connecting tail head 633 through the fluid guiding structure 632. The center extension line of the jet port 6331 passes through the grinding position. After the water jet from the cooling pipe 410 enters the inner cavity of the fluid guiding mechanism 600, it is acted by the high-speed rotating spline shaft 500 to form a spiral accelerated flow and is jetted at high pressure from the jet port 6331 to the grinding position.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the delivery assembly includes an infusion pipe 440, a valve 430 disposed on the infusion pipe 440, a pipe mounting base 420 installed between the infusion pipe 440 and the cooling pipe 410, and multiple pipe sleeves installed on the pipe mounting base 420. The pipe mounting base 420 locks the cooling pipe 410 through the pipe sleeves. The end of the cooling pipe 410 facing away from the pipe mounting base 420 is pointed to form a nozzle 411. The end of the infusion pipe 440 facing away from the pipe mounting base 420 is also connected to a pump and a storage tank. The pump and storage tank are not included in this assembly. As shown in the attached diagram, the coolant in the storage tank is pressurized by the pump and flows into the delivery pipe 440. The operator can manually adjust the flow and interruption of the liquid flow by adjusting the valve 430. The delivery pipe 440 delivers the coolant to the pipe mounting base 420. Multiple sleeves on the base securely lock multiple cooling pipes 410. The liquid entering the pipe mounting base 420 is diverted and enters multiple cooling pipes 410. The pointed nozzles 411 at the end of the cooling pipes 410 focus the coolant and form a jet with a certain speed, which is accurately guided into the inner cavity of the liquid guiding mechanism 600.

[0053] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the connecting guide head 631 includes a trapezoidal guide plate 6311 and a sealing plate 6312 integrally formed. The trapezoidal guide plate 6311 and the sealing plate 6312 form a trapezoidal cylindrical box with trapezoidal chamber. The trapezoidal cylindrical box has openings at both ends. An interface plate 6313 is provided at the end of the trapezoidal cylindrical box away from the liquid guiding structure 632. Two sets of circular interfaces 6314 are provided on the interface plate 6313 symmetrically arranged with respect to the sealing plate 6312. The circular interfaces 6314 and the nozzle 411 are spirally connected.

[0054] The extended centers of the two sets of circular interfaces 6314 intersect at the central axis of the liquid guiding mechanism 600, and the axis of the circular interface 6314 is set at an angle to the central plane of the sealing plate 6312, with the angle pointing towards the inner spiral side of the liquid guiding structure 632. When the nozzle 411 introduces liquid into the inner cavity of the trapezoidal cylindrical box, the coolant injection generates a tangential component pointing towards the center of the liquid guiding mechanism 600, enhancing the centripetal convergence effect of the spiral flow field.

[0055] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the fluid guiding structure 632 includes a flow guide shroud 6321 extending along the trapezoidal guide plate 6311 and forming a spiral that surrounds the spline shaft 500. The flow guide shroud 6321 has an arc-shaped fluid guiding groove spirally surrounding the spline shaft 500. A gap exists between the flow guide shroud 6321 and the spline shaft 500. The depth of the arc-shaped fluid guiding groove gradually decreases along the coolant flow direction, and the width gradually narrows, forming a tapered flow channel structure. When the coolant flows within the arc-shaped fluid guiding groove, the fluid accelerates due to the reduced cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, further increasing the fluid velocity.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, two symmetrically arranged front arc-shaped guide plates 6315 are also laid on both sides of the trapezoidal guide plate 6311, and the front arc-shaped guide plates 6315 gradually become thicker along the liquid flow direction.

[0057] like Figure 7As shown, two sets of irregularly shaped arc-shaped guide vanes 6323 are provided in the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove of the flow guide shroud 6321. The two sets of irregularly shaped arc-shaped guide vanes 6323 are extended from the front arc-shaped guide plate 6315. Multiple triangular oblique guide vanes 6324 are arrayed on the surface of the irregularly shaped arc-shaped guide vanes 6323. The triangular oblique guide vanes 6324 are close to the opening of the flow guide shroud 6321, and multiple triangular oblique guide vanes 6324 are laid at three-quarters of the end section of the flow guide shroud 6321. The tail end area of ​​the flow guide shroud 6321 is close to the jet port 6331, and due to space constraints, it is impossible to lay triangular oblique guide vanes 6324. Only irregularly shaped arc-shaped guide vanes 6323 are laid at the tail end, and the tail end is deformed into an arc shape and wrapped around the inner wall of the flow guide shroud 6321 to form a pipe-like structure at the tail end of the flow guide shroud 6321.

[0058] In this design, the smallest angle of the triangular inclined guide vane 6324 faces the direction of coolant flow, and its inclined surface forms a certain angle with the side wall of the guide shield 6321, with the inclined surface pointing towards the central axis of the arc-shaped guide channel. When coolant flows to this area, the triangular inclined guide vane 6324 can intercept the deviated coolant flowing along the side wall of the guide shield 6321 through its inclined surface. The guiding effect of the triangular structure forces the coolant that deviates from the center to converge towards the center of the arc-shaped guide channel, realizing the return and correction of the liquid. This avoids the coolant from being lost from the gaps on both sides due to limited end space, ensuring that more coolant is concentrated in the jet port 6331, improving the jet pressure and the hit rate of the cooling target area.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, multiple sets of spiral guide vanes 6322 are arranged in the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove of the flow guide shroud 6321. A spiral flow channel that gradually narrows along the flow direction of the coolant is formed between adjacent spiral guide vanes 6322. The cross-section of the spiral guide vane 6322 is an upright trapezoid. The spiral guide vane 6322 is laid at three-quarters of the end section of the flow guide shroud 6321.

[0060] Specifically, firstly, the cross-section of the spiral guide vane 6322 is an upright trapezoid, so that the cross-section of the spiral flow channel formed between adjacent spiral guide vanes 6322 is an inverted trapezoid with a large opening, making it easy for fluid to be guided into the spiral flow channel; secondly, multiple spiral guide vanes 6322 act as carriers for the fluid, and through the cooperation of the guide vanes and the arc-shaped liquid guide groove, they physically constrain the coolant, effectively preventing it from flowing out randomly from the gap between the guide shield 6321 and the spline shaft 500 under the action of gravity; at the same time, the guide vanes provide a clear guiding direction for the coolant with a preset spiral direction, and with the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft 500, the coolant is driven to flow stably along the spiral path of the guide vane, ensuring that the coolant can converge in an orderly manner towards the jet port 6331 and finally be accurately sprayed onto the grinding position.

[0061] like Figure 6As shown, the tail of the irregular arc-shaped guide vane 6323 is deformed into an arc shape and wrapped around the inner wall of the guide shield 6321 to form a pipe-like structure at the tail of the guide shield 6321.

[0062] The interior of the connecting tail 633 has a tapered guide cavity 6332. The narrow end opening of the tapered guide cavity 6332 is the jet port 6331, and the wide end opening transitions with the irregular arc-shaped guide plate 6323 of the guide shroud 6321.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the grinding structure includes a frame 240, a housing 230 mounted on the frame 240, a drive motor 220 mounted inside the housing 230, a protective cover 260 connected to the housing 230, a disc grinding wheel 210 coaxially mounted inside the protective cover 260, and a disc grinding wheel 210 connected to the output end of the drive structure. The disc grinding wheel 210 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 220.

[0064] The grinding wheel frame 250 includes a first guide assembly mounted on the worktable 100, a base plate 252 that travels on the first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly 253 disposed within the base plate 252. The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly 253 are perpendicular to each other. The second guide assembly 253 is mounted on the bottom end of the frame 240. The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly 253 are used to drive the frame 240 to move along the length or width direction of the worktable 100.

[0065] The liquid guiding mechanism 600 also includes a displacement component and a support component. The support component is connected to the base plate 252 for synchronous movement. The support component is vertically inserted into the displacement component to support the two sets of liquid guiding components 630. The displacement component includes two sets of transverse guide rails 621 laid on the workbench 100 and laid along the length of the workbench 100, and guide rail seats 622 engaged on the transverse guide rails 621. The support component includes a base 611 mounted on the guide rail seats 622 and a vertically arranged support rod mounted on the base 611. The support rod 612 is mounted on the outer wall of the flow guide shroud 6321. The base 611 and the base plate 252 are fixedly connected.

[0066] Specifically, the first guide assembly includes a displacement motor 2511, a worm gear 2514 connected to the output end of the displacement motor 2511, a track clamp 2513 disposed at the bottom end of the base plate 252, and a track frame 2512 laid along the length of the workbench 100. The track clamp 2513 is engaged with the track frame 2512 and guided by the track frame 2512. The worm gear 2514 passes through the base plate 252 and is spirally connected to the base plate 252. The second guide assembly 253 has the same structure as the first guide assembly.

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the clamping and rotating assembly includes a turntable 310 and a tailstock 360 arranged along the length of the worktable 100, a shim 340 disposed at the bottom of the rotating sleeve seat, a rotary motor disposed in the inner cavity of the turntable 310, a central connecting seat 320 connected to the rotary motor, a spline sleeve 330 disposed at the end of the central connecting seat 320 away from the turntable 310, and a piston rod 370 disposed in the tailstock 360. The piston rod 370, push rod 350, central connecting seat 320, and spline sleeve 330 are coaxially arranged. A deep groove ball bearing 380 is disposed at the connection between the central connecting seat 320 and the turntable 310. A hydraulic cylinder is connected to the end of the piston rod 370 away from the spline sleeve 330. The hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the tailstock 360. The hydraulic cylinder is not shown in this document. The hydraulic cylinder drives the piston rod 370 to move toward or away from the spline sleeve 330.

[0068] During the installation of the splined shaft 500, the push rod 350 and the spline sleeve 330 lock the two ends of the splined shaft 500 respectively. When installing the splined shaft 500, the piston rod 370 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder on the tailstock 360 to retract the push rod 350, increasing the distance between the spline sleeve 330 and the push rod 350 to facilitate the insertion of the splined shaft 500. Then, one end of the splined shaft 500 is aligned and inserted into the spline sleeve 330 at the end of the turntable 310. The initial installation is achieved using the spline structure of the spline sleeve 330 and the end of the splined shaft 500. After positioning and circumferential fixation, the tailstock 360 is operated to extend the piston rod 370, pushing the push rod 350 forward until the push rod 350 presses against the other end of the spline shaft 500. Through the circumferential and axial limiting of one end of the spline shaft 500 by the spline sleeve 330 and the axial pressing of the other end by the push rod 350, the spline shaft 500 is securely installed, and it is ensured that the spline shaft 500, the rotary motor, and the piston rod 370 remain coaxial, providing stable support and positioning for the subsequent high-speed rotary grinding of the spline shaft 500.

[0069] This application also includes a grinding feed control system for precisely controlling the displacement feed of the grinding wheel head 250, wherein the grinding wheel head 250 is displaced according to a preset program in the grinding feed control system.

[0070] A method for cooling a splined shaft during high-speed grinding includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: Lock both ends of the spline shaft 500 to be processed by the spline sleeve 330 and the push rod 350 of the clamping rotating assembly respectively to ensure that the spline shaft 500 is coaxially set with the rotary motor and the piston rod 370. Check the coolant level in the liquid storage tank in the conveying assembly and confirm that the liquid pump, valve 430 and cooling pipe 410 are properly connected. Drive the frame 240 to move through the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly 253 of the grinding wheel frame 250, so that the disc grinding wheel 210 gradually approaches the spline shaft 500 and contacts to form a grinding position. At the same time, start the grinding structure and the rotation of the spline shaft 500.

[0072] S2: Start the liquid pump. The coolant in the storage tank is delivered to the pipe mounting base 420 through the liquid delivery pipe 440. It is then distributed to multiple cooling pipes 410 through the pipe sleeve and focused into a jet by the nozzle 411 and injected into the trapezoidal cylindrical box of the liquid guiding mechanism 600.

[0073] S3: The coolant forms a centripetal tangential component in the trapezoidal chamber, flows into the arc-shaped guide channel, and flows along the carrier under the constraint of the spiral guide vane. Under the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft 500, it is accelerated along the spiral flow channel. At the same time, the triangular inclined guide vane 6324 guides the deflected coolant back to the center, and finally converges into the pipe-like structure at the tail of the guide shield 6321.

[0074] S4: The center extension line of the jet nozzle 6331 is always aligned with the grinding position. The gradually narrowing flow channel of the arc-shaped liquid guide groove further increases the speed of the coolant. Finally, it is ejected from the jet nozzle 6331 in the form of a high-pressure jet, which penetrates the air barrier formed by the rotation of the spline shaft 500 and acts directly on the grinding contact area between the disc grinding wheel 210 and the spline shaft 500 to achieve dynamic cooling of the grinding position.

[0075] S5: After the spline shaft 500 is ground to the preset size, the grinding wheel head 250 drives the disc grinding wheel 210 to exit the grinding position in the opposite direction, and the rotating motor stops to decelerate the spline shaft 500 to a standstill; the liquid pump and valve 430 are turned off to stop the coolant delivery, the piston rod 370 of the tailstock 360 retracts the push rod 350, and the spline sleeve 330 is released to complete the workpiece unloading; the residual coolant in the liquid guiding mechanism 600 and the pipeline is recovered, and the wear of components such as the guide vane and the jet nozzle 6331 is checked to prepare for the next processing.

[0076] Working Principle: When grinding the splined shaft 500 at high speed, the splined shaft 500 is first installed and fixed by the clamping and rotating assembly. After starting the equipment, the grinding feed control system drives the grinding wheel frame 250 to move: the displacement motor 2511 of the first guide assembly drives the worm gear 2514 to rotate, which, in conjunction with the guide of the track frame 2512 and the track chuck 2513, causes the base plate 252 to move along the length of the worktable 100. At the same time, the second guide assembly 253 drives the frame 240 to move along the width direction, ultimately allowing the disc grinding wheel 210 of the grinding structure to gradually approach the splined shaft 500 and make contact to form the grinding position. During the movement of the base plate 252 driven by the first guide assembly, the liquid guiding mechanism 600 is also moved synchronously, ensuring that the disc grinding wheel 210 is always directly aligned with the center of the two sets of liquid guiding mechanisms 600.

[0077] The drive motor 220 drives the disc grinding wheel 210 to rotate for grinding, while the rotary motor drives the spline shaft 500 to rotate at high speed around its own axis, realizing dynamic coordination in the grinding process.

[0078] The pump pressurizes the coolant in the storage tank and delivers it to the pipeline mounting base 420 via the delivery pipe 440. The operator can adjust the flow rate through the valve 430. The coolant is then distributed to multiple cooling pipes 410 via the base and focused into a jet by the pointed nozzle 411 at the end. The jet is precisely injected into the connecting guide head 631 of the liquid guiding mechanism 600. The circular interface 6314 of the interface plate 6313 is spirally connected to the nozzle 411, and the interface axis is angled towards the inner side of the spiral of the liquid guiding structure 632, so that a centripetal tangential component is generated when the coolant is injected, which enhances the converging effect of the spiral flow field.

[0079] After entering the arc-shaped guide channel of the guide structure 632, the coolant is accelerated and converged: the arc-shaped guide channel of the guide shield 6321 spirals around the spline shaft 500, and the depth and width of the channel gradually become shallower and narrower along the flow direction, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel, which forces the fluid to accelerate due to the reduction of the cross-section; at the same time, the spiral guide vane 6322 forms an inverted trapezoidal spiral flow channel through the upright trapezoidal cross-section, which not only facilitates the introduction of fluid, but also prevents the coolant from leaking out of the gap between the guide shield 6321 and the spline shaft 500 through physical constraint. With the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft 500, the coolant is guided to flow stably along the spiral path. In addition, the triangular inclined guide vane 6324 on the surface of the irregular arc-shaped guide vane 6323 intercepts the deviated coolant flowing along the side wall through the inclined surface, and uses the guiding effect of the triangular inclined guide vane 6324 to converge it to the middle of the channel, avoiding the coolant loss caused by the limited space at the end, and ensuring that more coolant is concentrated at the tail of the guide shield 6321.

[0080] Finally, the coolant converges at the tail of the guide vane 6321, forming a pipe-like structure wrapped by irregularly shaped arc-shaped guide vanes 6323, and enters the conical guide cavity 6332 connecting to the tail end 633. Under the continuous acceleration of the gradually narrowing flow channel, it is ejected from the jet nozzle 6331 in the form of a high-pressure jet. Since the center extension line of the jet nozzle 6331 always passes through the grinding position, the jet can accurately penetrate the air barrier formed by the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft 500, and directly act on the grinding contact area between the disc grinding wheel 210 and the spline shaft 500, achieving dynamic and efficient cooling of the grinding position and avoiding the impact of high temperature on machining accuracy and tool life.

[0081] After the splined shaft 500 is ground to the preset size, the grinding wheel head 250 moves in the opposite direction under the drive of the control system, causing the disc grinding wheel 210 to exit the grinding position; the rotary motor stops working, and the splined shaft 500 gradually decelerates to a stop; the liquid pump and valve 430 are closed, stopping the coolant delivery; the piston rod 370 of the tailstock 360 drives the push rod 350 to retract, releasing the splined sleeve 330 to complete the workpiece unloading. Afterwards, the residual coolant in the liquid guiding mechanism 600 and pipelines is recovered, and the wear of components such as the guide vanes and jet nozzles 6331 is checked to prepare for the next processing and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0082] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0083] Secondly: The drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs. The same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0084] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts, characterized in that, include: Workbench (100); A grinding assembly comprising a grinding wheel holder (250) mounted on a worktable (100) and a grinding structure mounted on the grinding wheel holder (250); The clamping and rotating assembly holds a spline shaft (500) and drives the spline shaft (500) to rotate at high speed around its own axis. The grinding wheel frame (250) pushes the grinding structure to the surface of the spline shaft (500) to cut and form a grinding position. A conveying assembly, which is mounted on top of the grinding structure, includes a flexible cooling tube (410). The fluid guiding mechanism (600) includes two sets of fluid guiding components (630) symmetrically arranged about the grinding position. A feeding channel for the grinding structure to advance is formed between the two sets of fluid guiding components (630). Each fluid guiding component (630) includes a connecting guide head (631) that docks with the cooling pipe (410), a fluid guiding structure (632) arranged in a spiral shape around the spline shaft (500), and a connecting tail head (633) having a jet port (6331). The connecting guide head (631) is connected to the connecting tail head through the fluid guiding structure (632). The head (633) is connected, the cooling pipe (410) injects water into the inner cavity of the liquid guiding structure (632) and is rotated, the connecting guide head (631) is connected to the connecting tail head (633) through the liquid guiding structure (632), the center extension line of the jet port (6331) passes through the grinding position, after the cooling pipe (410) injects water and enters the inner cavity of the liquid guiding mechanism (600), it is acted by the rotating spline shaft (500) to form a spiral acceleration flow, and is jetted at high pressure from the jet port (6331) to the grinding position; The delivery assembly includes an infusion tube (440), a valve (430) disposed on the infusion tube (440), a pipe mounting base (420) installed between the infusion tube (440) and the cooling tube (410), and a plurality of pipe sleeves installed on the pipe mounting base (420). The pipe mounting base (420) locks the cooling tube (410) through the pipe sleeves. The end of the cooling tube (410) facing away from the pipe mounting base (420) is pointed to form a nozzle (411). The connecting guide (631) includes a trapezoidal guide plate (6311) and a sealing plate (6312) integrally formed. The trapezoidal guide plate (6311) and the sealing plate (6312) form a trapezoidal cylindrical box with trapezoidal chamber. The trapezoidal cylindrical box has openings at both ends. An interface plate (6313) is provided at the end of the trapezoidal cylindrical box away from the liquid guiding structure (632). Two sets of circular interfaces (6314) are provided on the interface plate (6313) symmetrically arranged about the sealing plate (6312). The circular interfaces (6314) and the nozzle (411) are spirally connected. The center extension lines of the two sets of circular interfaces (6314) intersect at the central axis of the liquid guiding mechanism (600), and the axis of the circular interface (6314) is set at an angle to the central plane of the sealing plate (6312), with the angle direction pointing towards the inner spiral side of the liquid guiding structure (632). The liquid guiding structure (632) includes a flow guide shroud (6321) extending along the trapezoidal guide plate (6311) and forming a spiral encircling spline shaft (500). The flow guide shroud (6321) has an arc-shaped liquid guiding groove that spirals around the spline shaft (500). The depth of the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove gradually decreases along the direction of coolant flow, and the width of the groove gradually decreases, forming a gradually narrowing flow channel structure. Two symmetrically arranged front arc-shaped guide plates (6315) are also attached to both sides of the trapezoidal guide plate (6311), and the front arc-shaped guide plates (6315) gradually become thicker along the liquid flow direction. The flow guide shroud (6321) has two sets of irregular arc-shaped flow guide plates (6323) arranged in the arc-shaped liquid guide groove. The two sets of irregular arc-shaped flow guide plates (6323) are formed by the extension of the front arc-shaped flow guide plate (6315). The surface of the irregular arc-shaped flow guide plates (6323) is arrayed with multiple triangular oblique flow guide plates (6324). The triangular oblique flow guide plates (6324) are close to the opening of the flow guide shroud (6321), and the multiple triangular oblique flow guide plates (6324) are laid in the three-quarters position of the flow guide shroud (6321). The flow guide shroud (6321) has multiple sets of spiral flow guide vanes (6322) arranged in the arc-shaped liquid guiding groove. The adjacent spiral flow guide vanes (6322) form a spiral flow channel that gradually narrows along the flow direction of the coolant. The cross-section of the spiral flow guide vanes (6322) is arranged in an upright trapezoidal shape. The spiral flow guide vanes (6322) are laid at three-quarters of the end section of the flow guide shroud (6321). The tail of the irregular arc-shaped guide vane (6323) is deformed into an arc shape and wrapped around the inner wall of the guide shield (6321) to form a pipe-like structure at the tail of the guide shield (6321); The connecting tail (633) has a tapered guide cavity (6332) inside. The narrow end of the tapered guide cavity (6332) is the jet port (6331), and the wide end transitions with the irregular arc-shaped guide plate (6323) of the guide shroud (6321).

2. The high-speed grinding and cooling device for splined shafts as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding wheel frame (250) includes a first guide assembly mounted on the workbench (100), a base plate (252) that travels on the first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly (253) disposed within the base plate (252). The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly (253) are perpendicular to each other. The second guide assembly (253) is mounted on the bottom end of the frame (240). The first guide assembly and the second guide assembly (253) are used to drive the frame (240) to move along the length or width direction of the workbench (100). The liquid guiding mechanism (600) further includes a displacement component and a support component. The support component is connected to the base plate (252) for synchronous movement. The support component is vertically inserted into the displacement component to support the two sets of liquid guiding components (630).

3. The high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping and rotating assembly includes a turntable (310) and a tailstock (360) arranged along the length of the worktable (100), a shim (340) set at the bottom of the rotating sleeve seat, a rotary motor set in the inner cavity of the turntable (310), a central connecting seat (320) connected to the rotary motor, a spline sleeve (330) set at the end of the central connecting seat (320) away from the turntable (310), and a piston rod (370) set in the tailstock (360). The piston rod (370), the push rod (350), the central connecting seat (320) and the spline sleeve (330) are coaxially arranged. The push rod (350) and the spline sleeve (330) lock the two ends of the spline shaft (500) respectively.

4. A high-speed grinding cooling method for splined shafts, implemented based on the high-speed grinding cooling device for splined shafts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The two ends of the spline shaft (500) to be processed are locked by the spline sleeve (330) and the push rod (350) of the clamping and rotating assembly, respectively. The frame (240) is driven to move by the first guide assembly and the second guide assembly (253) of the grinding wheel frame (250), so that the disc grinding wheel (210) gradually approaches the spline shaft (500) and contacts to form a grinding position, and at the same time the grinding structure and the spline shaft (500) are started to rotate. S2: The coolant is delivered to the pipe mounting base (420) via the delivery pipe (440), and then distributed to multiple cooling pipes (410) through the pipe sleeve. It is then focused into a jet by the nozzle (411) and injected into the trapezoidal cylinder of the liquid guiding mechanism (600). S3: The coolant forms a centripetal tangential component in the trapezoidal cavity, flows into the arc-shaped liquid guide groove, and flows along the carrier under the constraint of the spiral guide vane. Under the centrifugal force of the high-speed rotation of the spline shaft (500), it is accelerated along the spiral flow channel. At the same time, the triangular inclined guide vane (6324) directs the deflected coolant back to the center, and finally converges at the tail of the guide shield (6321). S4: The center extension line of the jet nozzle (6331) is always aligned with the grinding position. The gradually narrowing flow channel of the arc-shaped liquid guide groove further increases the speed of the coolant. Finally, it is ejected from the jet nozzle (6331) in the form of a high-pressure jet, which penetrates the air barrier formed by the rotation of the spline shaft (500) and directly acts on the grinding contact area between the disc grinding wheel (210) and the spline shaft (500) to achieve dynamic cooling of the grinding position. S5: After the spline shaft (500) is ground to the preset size, the grinding wheel frame (250) drives the disc grinding wheel (210) to exit the grinding position in the opposite direction, stops the rotating motor to slow down the spline shaft (500) to a standstill, and stops the coolant delivery.

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