Fertilizer for soilless culture of fruits and vegetables and preparation process of fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer for soilless culture of fruits and vegetables and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production. The fruit and vegetable soilless culture fertilizer comprises a fertilizer A and a fertilizer B, wherein the fertilizer A comprises calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium silicate; the fertilizer B is prepared from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, chelated trace elements, 5-aminolevulinic acid, a seaweed extract and glycine betaine; the chelated trace elements comprise chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, chelated boron, chelated copper and ammonium molybdate; various functional components such as 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract, glycine betaine, potassium silicate and the like are added and innovatively combined, and the photosynthetic capacity, the immunocompetence and the stress resistance of fruits and vegetables are comprehensively improved from multiple aspects of activating disease-resistant genes, enhancing the strength of cell walls of plants and the like. In the actual planting process, the occurrence probability of plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively reduced, the use amount of pesticides is reduced, the food safety of fruits and vegetables is guaranteed, the planting cost is reduced, and the economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production, and in particular relates to a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of rapid agricultural modernization, soilless cultivation technology has been widely adopted and promoted in fruit and vegetable cultivation due to its outstanding characteristics, including water and fertilizer conservation, high yield, high quality, and unrestricted geographical location. In soilless cultivation systems, fertilizer, as a key factor in supplying nutrients for fruit and vegetable growth, directly determines crop growth, ultimate yield, and fruit quality.

[0003] However, current soilless cultivation fertilizers on the market suffer from a series of significant drawbacks, severely hindering the further development of the soilless fruit and vegetable cultivation industry. First, the nutrient ratios lack precision, failing to match the dynamic demands of fruits and vegetables for macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as micronutrients such as calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, and molybdenum, at different growth stages. Second, due to the lack of proper chelation of micronutrients in some fertilizers, precipitation and crystallization easily occur in the nutrient solution used for soilless cultivation. This not only significantly reduces the effectiveness of these elements, resulting in significant nutrient loss, but can also clog irrigation systems, significantly impacting the normal operation of soilless cultivation and significantly increasing production management costs and maintenance difficulties. Furthermore, existing soilless cultivation fertilizers generally lack the focus on enhancing the stress and disease resistance of fruits and vegetables. This results in weak resistance to adverse environmental conditions such as high temperatures, low temperatures, and high humidity, as well as threats from pests and diseases. This leads to plants becoming susceptible to disease, resulting in a decline in fruit quality and a significant reduction in yield, severely damaging the economic benefits of growers.

[0004] To sum up, the development of a special fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables, which is nutritionally balanced, has high element effectiveness, and can significantly enhance the resistance of fruits and vegetables to stress and disease, and its preparation process, has extremely important practical significance and broad market demand, and is an urgent task to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the special nutritional needs of fruits and vegetables in a soilless cultivation environment throughout the entire growth cycle and significantly enhance the resistance of fruits and vegetables to stress and disease.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables, comprising:

[0008] Fertilizer A: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium silicate;

[0009] Fertilizer B: monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, chelated trace elements, 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine;

[0010] The chelated trace elements include chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, chelated boron, chelated copper and ammonium molybdate.

[0011] Preferably, the components of the fertilizer A are as follows by weight: 42-44% calcium nitrate, 11-13% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.6-0.8% potassium silicate; the components of the fertilizer B are as follows by weight: 16-18% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 21-23% potassium sulfate, 0.6-0.8% chelated iron, 0.12-0.16% chelated manganese, 0.12-0.16% chelated zinc, 0.12-0.16% chelated boron, 0.01-0.05% chelated copper, 0.012-0.018% ammonium molybdate, 0.06-0.08% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.15-0.25% seaweed extract and 0.06-0.08% glycine betaine.

[0012] A preparation process for a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing;

[0014] (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture;

[0015] (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material;

[0016] (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B;

[0017] (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors, and then water is added to the mother liquors to dissolve them into separate working liquids, which can then be mixed for use.

[0018] Preferably, the grinding speed of the grinder in step (1) is 500-1000 rpm, the grinding time is 5-10 minutes, and the particles are ground to 100-200 mesh.

[0019] Preferably, the speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (2) is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-20 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, the secondary speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (3) is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-15 minutes.

[0021] Preferably, the third speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (4) is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-30 minutes.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. Higher nutrient balance: The present invention accurately adjusts the proportions of macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as well as medium and trace elements based on the nutrient demand characteristics of fruits and vegetables in different growth stages, such as the seedling stage, flowering stage, and fruiting stage, thereby achieving precise nutrient supply throughout the entire growth period, ensuring that fruits and vegetables can obtain sufficient and appropriate nutrients at each growth stage, and effectively avoiding problems such as poor growth and reduced yield quality due to nutrient imbalance.

[0024] 2. Improved elemental form and effectiveness: This invention utilizes advanced chelation technology to chelate trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, and boron, significantly improving their stability and effectiveness in the nutrient solution. This effectively prevents precipitation and crystallization of trace elements in the nutrient solution, reducing nutrient waste and maintenance costs associated with irrigation system blockages, while improving fertilizer utilization efficiency.

[0025] 3. Outstanding stress and disease resistance: This invention incorporates multiple ingredients, including 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract, glycine betaine, and potassium silicate, to activate disease-resistant genes and enhance plant cell wall strength, comprehensively improving the photosynthetic capacity, immunity, and stress resistance of fruits and vegetables. During actual planting, this effectively reduces the incidence of pests and diseases and reduces pesticide usage, ensuring food safety while lowering planting costs and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Flowchart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see the attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables, comprising:

[0029] Fertilizer A: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium silicate;

[0030] Fertilizer B: monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, chelated trace elements, 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine;

[0031] Chelated trace elements include chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, chelated boron, chelated copper and ammonium molybdate.

[0032] The components of fertilizer A are as follows: 42-44% calcium nitrate, 11-13% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.6-0.8% potassium silicate; the components of fertilizer B are as follows: 16-18% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 21-23% potassium sulfate, 0.6-0.8% chelated iron, 0.12-0.16% chelated manganese, 0.12-0.16% chelated zinc, 0.12-0.16% chelated boron, 0.01-0.05% chelated copper, 0.012-0.018% ammonium molybdate, 0.06-0.08% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.15-0.25% seaweed extract and 0.06-0.08% glycine betaine.

[0033] Specifically, calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) provides nitrate nitrogen and calcium, meeting the nitrogen and calcium needs of fruits and vegetables, and promoting plant growth and cell wall stability.

[0034] Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) supplies ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus, providing essential nutrients for photosynthesis, energy metabolism and cell division of fruits and vegetables.

[0035] Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) provides potassium and sulfur, helps enhance the stress resistance of fruits and vegetables, and participates in protein synthesis and enzyme activation.

[0036] Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O) supplements magnesium and sulfur. Magnesium is a core component of chlorophyll and is essential for photosynthesis.

[0037] Potassium silicate (K2SiO3) provides silicon, enhances disease resistance, supplements potassium and avoids the adverse effects of sodium, and improves the strength and disease resistance of fruit and vegetable stems.

[0038] Chelated iron (Fe-EDTA) stabilizes iron supply, avoids precipitation, improves absorption efficiency, and ensures normal photosynthesis and respiration of fruits and vegetables.

[0039] Chelated manganese (Mn-EDTA) supplies manganese, regulates enzyme activity, and participates in various physiological metabolic processes.

[0040] Chelated zinc (Zn-EDTA) provides zinc, participates in auxin synthesis, and promotes the growth and development of fruit and vegetable plants.

[0041] Chelated boron (B-EDTA) provides boron to help fruit development, pollen germination, etc., and is of great significance to the reproductive growth of fruits and vegetables.

[0042] Chelated copper (Cu-EDTA) participates in the physiological processes of plants such as photosynthesis, respiration and cell wall synthesis, provides a stable supply of copper, avoids precipitation, improves the absorption efficiency of copper, and ensures the normal physiological metabolism of fruits and vegetables.

[0043] Ammonium molybdate ((NH4)2MoO4) supplies molybdenum and trace amounts of ammonium nitrogen, and participates in nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation.

[0044] 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), as a photosynthetic enhancer, significantly improves the photosynthetic efficiency of fruits and vegetables and increases the accumulation of organic matter.

[0045] Seaweed extract is rich in active ingredients, activates disease-resistant genes, contains growth regulators, promotes plant growth and enhances immunity.

[0046] Glycine betaine acts as an osmotic regulator, helping fruits and vegetables cope with adverse environments and maintain normal physiological functions of cells.

[0047] All of the above raw materials are initially in solid form, which is convenient for storage, transportation and mixing processing, thereby reducing production and logistics costs.

[0048] A preparation process for a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing;

[0050] (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture;

[0051] (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material;

[0052] (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B;

[0053] (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors. During the preparation process, they are just in a dissolved state. Then water is added to the mother liquor to dissolve them into a separate working liquid. During the dissolution process of the working liquid, the dissolved state needs to be greater than that of the mother liquor, and they can be mixed and used.

[0054] Specifically, the grinding speed of the pulverizer in step (1) is 500-1000 rpm, the grinding time is 5-10 minutes, and the particles are ground to 100-200 meshes. The grinding makes it possible to increase the contact area when mixing with the fertilizer solution A later, and at the same time, the particles of the fertilizer are further ground to ensure the uniformity of the fertilizers ground in the same batch, and to prevent caking and larger particles from remaining. Adding potassium silicate to the special fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables is a major innovation of the present invention. Potassium silicate can not only supplement silicon and potassium elements for fruits and vegetables, enhance the strength and disease resistance of plant stems, but also effectively avoid the adverse effects of sodium elements that may be introduced in traditional potassium supplementation methods on the growth of fruits and vegetables, and fully meet the requirements of soilless cultivation for high quality and refinement of fertilizers.

[0055] Specifically, the speed of the high-speed mixer in step (2) is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-20 minutes. By mixing, the fertilizer A can be initially and evenly blended together. The 15-minute mixing ensures that each portion of the fertilizer contains various nutrients in appropriate proportions, providing a stable and balanced nutrient supply for soilless vegetable cultivation. During this period, the fertilizer can be left to stand to further prevent the precipitation of residues inside and ensure the stability of the fertilizer.

[0056] Specifically, the secondary speed of the high-speed mixer in step (3) is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-15 minutes. This step can ensure that the added fertilizer B is fully mixed with the base solid mixture, and will not cause excessive shear damage to the components due to excessive stirring speed.

[0057] Specifically, the third speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (4) is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-30 minutes. For the first time, 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract, and glycine betaine are scientifically combined and added to form a functional ingredient combination, which is another major innovation of the present invention. The three ingredients work synergistically to comprehensively improve the photosynthetic capacity, immune capacity, and stress resistance of fruits and vegetables.

[0058] Specifically, the powdered fertilizer product A and the powdered fertilizer product B in step (5) are packaged separately. This is because Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B are strictly prohibited from mixing in a solid state and must be stored or packaged separately. This is because if the two are mixed in a solid state, they may react and produce precipitation when they are subsequently dissolved to form a working solution, which may adversely affect the fertilizer effect. Only when actually using them, should Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B be dissolved separately to form a working solution and then mixed for use.

[0059] The following is further introduced in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] The ingredients in fertilizer A are as follows by weight: 42% calcium nitrate, 11% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.6% potassium silicate; the ingredients in fertilizer B are as follows by weight: 16% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 21% potassium sulfate, 0.6% chelated iron, 0.12% chelated manganese, 0.12% chelated zinc, 0.12% chelated boron, 0.01% chelated copper, 0.012% ammonium molybdate, 0.06% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.15% seaweed extract and 0.06% glycine betaine.

[0062] The preparation process of the fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing;

[0064] (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture;

[0065] (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material;

[0066] (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B;

[0067] (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors, and then water is added to the mother liquors to dissolve them into separate working liquids, which can then be mixed for use.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment differs from the above-mentioned embodiment 1 in that:

[0070] The ingredients in fertilizer A are as follows by weight: 43% calcium nitrate, 12% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.7% potassium silicate; the ingredients in fertilizer B are as follows by weight: 17% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 22% potassium sulfate, 0.7% chelated iron, 0.14% chelated manganese, 0.14% chelated zinc, 0.14% chelated boron, 0.02% chelated copper, 0.015% ammonium molybdate, 0.07% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.2% seaweed extract and 0.07% glycine betaine.

[0071] The preparation process of the fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0072] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing;

[0073] (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture;

[0074] (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material;

[0075] (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B;

[0076] (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors, and then water is added to the mother liquors to dissolve them into separate working liquids, which can then be mixed for use.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] This embodiment differs from the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 in that:

[0079] The ingredients in fertilizer A are as follows by weight: 44% calcium nitrate, 13% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.8% potassium silicate; the ingredients in fertilizer B are as follows by weight: 18% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 23% potassium sulfate, 0.8% chelated iron, 0.16% chelated manganese, 0.16% chelated zinc, 0.16% chelated boron, 0.03% chelated copper, 0.018% ammonium molybdate, 0.08% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.25% seaweed extract and 0.08% glycine betaine.

[0080] The preparation process of the fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps:

[0081] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing;

[0082] (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture;

[0083] (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material;

[0084] (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B;

[0085] (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors, and then water is added to the mother liquors to dissolve them into separate working liquids, which can then be mixed for use.

[0086] Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of beans

[0087] Phenotypic traits were determined using a simplified method for measuring beans, including plant height, leaf length, leaf width, crown diameter, number of outer leaves, and first peduncle length (measured from the base to the top of the inflorescence in cm using a ruler). Leaf color was also measured; mature leaves can be categorized as light green or dark green.

[0088] Table 1 Phenotypic traits of beans under different fertilizer formulations

[0089]

[0090] From the above table, we can see that different amounts of fertilizer dissolved in the working solution can affect the supply levels of the main elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and thus affect the growth rate, yield and quality of the bean plants. The different amounts of trace elements play different roles in the photosynthesis of the bean plants.

[0091] Table 2 Effects of different fertilizer formulas on disease resistance of beans

[0092]

[0093] It can be seen from the above table that different amounts of potassium silicate fertilizer dissolved in the working solution can affect the supply level of the main elements of silicon and potassium, and thus affect the thickness of the stems of the bean plants. The different dosages of trace elements in seaweed extract play different roles in the immunity and stress resistance of the bean plants. The change in the proportion of potassium silicate will affect the supply of elements such as silicon and potassium. It can not only supplement silicon and potassium for the bean plants, enhance the strength and disease resistance of the plant stems, but also effectively avoid the adverse effects of sodium elements that may be introduced in the traditional potassium supplementation method on the growth of fruits and vegetables. At the same time, 5-aminolevulinic acid and glycine betaine significantly improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, increase the accumulation of organic matter, and have a certain effect on increasing production and quantity, which fully meets the requirements of soilless cultivation for high quality and refined fertilizers.

[0094] Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of cherry tomato plants

[0095] Phenotypic traits were determined using a simplified method for measuring cherry tomatoes. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole, and number of outer leaves were measured during the plant's growth period. The length of the first peduncle (measured from the base to the top of the inflorescence using a ruler, in cm) was also measured. Leaf color was also measured; mature leaves can be graded from light green to dark green.

[0096] Table 3 Phenotypic traits of cherry tomato plants under different fertilizer formulations

[0097]

[0098] From the above table, we can see that different amounts of fertilizer dissolved in the working solution can affect the growth rate, yield and quality of cherry tomato plants, and different amounts of trace elements in it play different roles in the photosynthesis of cherry tomato plants.

[0099] Table 4 Effects of different fertilizer formulas on disease resistance of cherry tomato plants

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] It can be seen from the above table that different amounts of working solution after dissolving potassium silicate fertilizer can affect the supply levels of the main elements of silicon and potassium, and thus affect the thickness of the stems of cherry tomato plants. The different amounts of trace elements in seaweed extract play different roles in the immunity and stress resistance of cherry tomato plants, enhancing the strength and disease resistance of the plant stems. At the same time, 5-aminolevulinic acid and glycine betaine significantly improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and increase the accumulation of organic matter, which has a certain effect on increasing production and quantity.

[0103] Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the growth of pepper plants

[0104] Phenotypic traits were determined using a simplified pepper testing method. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole, and number of outer leaves were measured during the plant's growth period. The length of the first peduncle (measured from the base to the top of the inflorescence using a ruler, in cm) was also measured. Pepper leaf color was also measured; mature leaf color can be graded from light green to dark green.

[0105] Table 5 Phenotypic characteristics of pepper plants with different fertilizer formulas

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] From the above table, we can see that different amounts of fertilizer dissolved in the working solution can affect the growth rate, yield and quality of pepper plants, and different amounts of trace elements in it play different roles in the photosynthesis of pepper plants.

[0109] Table 6 Effects of different fertilizer formulas on the disease resistance of pepper plants

[0110]

[0111] From the above table, we can see that different amounts of potassium silicate fertilizer dissolved in the working solution can affect the supply levels of the main elements of silicon and potassium, and thus affect the thickness of the pepper plant stems. The different amounts of trace elements in seaweed extract play different roles in the immunity and stress resistance of pepper plants, enhancing the strength and disease resistance of the plant stems. At the same time, 5-aminolevulinic acid and glycine betaine significantly improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and increase the accumulation of organic matter, which has a certain effect on increasing production and quantity.

[0112] This invention's formula is designed strictly based on the unique nutrient requirements of fruits and vegetables grown in soilless culture. By precisely coordinating the ratios of macronutrients, it perfectly matches the needs of fruits and vegetables at different growth stages. Advanced chelation technology is used to process trace elements, significantly improving their effectiveness and stability. The innovative addition of multiple functional ingredients comprehensively ensures the healthy growth of fruits and vegetables, fundamentally resolving the nutrient imbalance problem of traditional fertilizers.

[0113] Theoretical analysis and preliminary experimental verification show that the special fertilizer of the present invention can effectively promote the growth and development of fruits and vegetables, significantly improving their yield and quality. Environmentally, due to its high fertilizer utilization rate, it reduces nutrient loss and pollutants, making it more environmentally friendly. In terms of cost, improving fertilizer utilization means reducing fertilizer usage and saving costs. Furthermore, the fertilizer has excellent solubility and can quickly release nutrients in the nutrient solution, meeting the immediate needs of fruits and vegetables.

[0114] Through the above technical solution, the present invention further verifies the practical effects of the invention from multiple dimensions, including the formulation principle, unique ingredients, differences from existing fertilizers, theoretical advantages, and feasibility, and is further verified through field test data. In actual application, the fertilizer formula and preparation process can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to different fruit and vegetable varieties, soilless cultivation methods (hydroponics, rock wool cultivation, coconut husk cultivation, etc.), and local water quality, climate, and other conditions, but all of these adjustments and optimizations should be within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0115] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables, characterized in that: include: Fertilizer A: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and potassium silicate; Fertilizer B: monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, chelated trace elements, 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine; The chelated trace elements include chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, chelated boron, chelated copper and ammonium molybdate.

2. A fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the fertilizer A are as follows by weight: 42-44% calcium nitrate, 11-13% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.6-0.8% potassium silicate; the components of the fertilizer B are as follows by weight: 16-18% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 21-23% potassium sulfate, 0.6-0.8% chelated iron, 0.12-0.16% chelated manganese, 0.12-0.16% chelated zinc, 0.12-0.16% chelated boron, 0.01-0.05% chelated copper, 0.012-0.018% ammonium molybdate, 0.06-0.08% 5-aminolevulinic acid, 0.15-0.25% seaweed extract and 0.06-0.08% glycine betaine.

3. A preparation process for a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein: The following steps are involved: (1) Raw material pretreatment: The solid raw materials in the A fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use; the solid raw materials in the B fertilizer component are placed in a grinder and crushed to form uniform raw material particles for later use. During this process, the parameters of the grinder are set to ensure that the raw material particles after crushing are uniform, laying the foundation for subsequent uniform mixing; (2) Preliminary mixing and packaging: The fertilizer granules A in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a powdered fertilizer product A, which is then packaged separately for later use. The fertilizer granules B in step (1) are put into a high-speed blender and stirred to be preliminarily evenly mixed to form a B mixture; (3) Trace element addition and secondary mixing: chelated iron, chelated manganese and other chelated trace element raw materials are slowly added to the preliminarily mixed B mixture, and secondary stirring is performed. During this period, the stirring force of the mixer is used to evenly disperse the trace elements in the B mixture, ensuring that each trace element is evenly distributed in the B fertilizer to form a secondary mixed B material; (4) Addition of functional ingredients and final mixing: Slowly add the solid powders of 5-aminolevulinic acid, seaweed extract and glycine betaine functional ingredients to the secondary mixed material B, and continue stirring for the third time to fully integrate the functional ingredients into the fertilizer, and finally form a uniform powdered fertilizer product B; (5) Dissolution: Powdered fertilizer product A and powdered fertilizer product B are separately prepared into mother liquors, and then water is added to the mother liquors to dissolve them into separate working liquids, which can then be mixed for use.

4. The process for preparing a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding speed of the grinder in step (1) is 500-1000 rpm, the grinding time is 5-10 minutes, and the particles are ground to 100-200 mesh.

5. The process for preparing a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (2) is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 15-20 minutes.

6. The process for preparing a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (3) is 500-800 rpm, and the stirring time is 10-15 minutes.

7. The process for preparing a fertilizer for soilless cultivation of fruits and vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third rotation speed of the high-speed stirrer in step (4) is 300-500 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-30 minutes.

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