Physical model test device for fixed bed river engineering and use method of physical model test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixed bed river physical model test device and a use method thereof, and relates to the field of river model tests. The test device comprises a fixed bottom plate and a plurality of lifting mechanisms, wherein cells arranged in a matrix are arranged at the upper end of the fixed bottom plate; each lifting mechanism is correspondingly mounted on the corresponding cell; each lifting mechanism comprises a driving assembly, a transmission assembly and a lifting module. According to the method, the river reach terrain is directly spliced through the multiple lifting modules capable of ascending and descending, the cement pouring and curing time in the traditional river physical model manufacturing process is omitted, and the model building period is shortened; a modular mechanical structure is adopted to replace cement mortar, so that the problems of cracking and leakage caused by material solidification shrinkage or temperature change are solved; all the lifting mechanisms can be reset and repeatedly adjust the terrain, the lifting mechanism on each cell can independently control the elevation, real terrain data are accurately mapped through an external controller, the section connection error of manual filling is eliminated, and the terrain precision and adjustability of the test are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of river engineering model tests, and in particular to a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The fixed-bed river engineering physical model is a river physical model constructed based on the similarity principle. It is suitable for studying basic hydraulic problems such as water level and flow state in simulated river sections. It has been widely used in the planning, design, construction and operation and maintenance management of water conservancy projects.

[0003] In actual use, large-scale fixed-bed river engineering physical models are generally made of plastic or wooden panels based on the measured topographic cross-sections of the river channel. After positioning the panels at the test site according to the cross-section location, sand is filled between the panels and the surface is plastered with cement mortar, forming a proportionally scaled river section terrain for testing. This method of producing fixed-bed river engineering physical models has many limitations and inconveniences. For example, when the model's water-contacting surface is made of cement mortar, the model production cycle is long due to the cement solidification and curing cycle. After the cement mortar solidifies, it is easily affected by factors such as temperature fluctuations, causing the surface to crack, causing the model to leak, making it difficult to control the amount of water seepage during operation. The cement mortar on the model's water-contacting surface is a disposable material and cannot be reused. The production of a single physical model consumes a large amount of cement, which is not environmentally friendly. In addition, during the production process, it is difficult to control the terrain between the two panels, which may result in elevation errors, affecting the test results.

[0004] Therefore, the production of river engineering physical models currently has problems such as complexity and length, difficulty in adjusting the model layout, and high consumption of non-reusable materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device and a method of using the same to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for testing a fixed-bed river engineering physical model, comprising:

[0007] A fixed base plate, the upper end of which is provided with cells arranged in a matrix;

[0008] Multiple lifting mechanisms, each of which is correspondingly mounted on the unit cell; each of the lifting mechanisms includes a drive assembly, a transmission assembly, and a lifting module; the transmission assembly is connected to the drive end of the drive assembly, and the lifting module is arranged in a transmission manner with the transmission assembly; the drive assembly is configured with a drive member and a communication power module, and the communication power module is electrically connected to the drive member;

[0009] In the lifting mechanism, the communication power supply module is suitable for receiving the control signal of the external controller, so that the driving part drives the transmission assembly to drive the lifting module to move up and down; by adjusting the lifting mechanism in each cell, all lifting mechanisms are spliced ​​together to simulate the desired river section terrain.

[0010] Beneficial effects: This application directly splices the river section terrain through multiple liftable lifting modules, which can save the cement pouring and curing time in the traditional river engineering physical model production process and shorten the model construction cycle; adopts modular mechanical structure to replace cement mortar, eliminating the cracking and leakage problems caused by material solidification shrinkage or temperature changes; all lifting mechanisms can be reset and repeatedly adjust the terrain, thereby greatly reducing consumables consumption and improving environmental protection; the lifting mechanism on each cell can independently control the elevation, and accurately map the real terrain data through the external controller, eliminating the section connection error of artificial filling, and improving the terrain accuracy and adjustability of the test.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly is configured as a threaded transmission structure, the transmission assembly includes a transmission screw and a transmission nut, the driving member is configured as a driving motor, the transmission screw is fixedly arranged on the driving shaft of the driving member, the transmission nut and the transmission screw are threadedly transmitted, the transmission nut and the lifting module are fixedly arranged, and an installation space is provided in the lifting module to accommodate the transmission screw.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The transmission assembly provided by this solution adopts a threaded transmission structure to provide high-precision linear displacement. Specifically, the transmission lifting module is lifted and lowered through the transmission screw and transmission nut, ensuring that the lifting height is accurately controllable; the transmission screw is accommodated in the built-in installation space of the lifting module, reducing the external occupied space and maintaining close splicing between modules.

[0013] In some embodiments, a limiting end is provided at one end of the transmission screw away from the driving member, and the limiting end is used to limit and stop the transmission nut.

[0014] Beneficial effect: By physically blocking the transmission nut at the limit end, the lifting module is prevented from being disengaged when it reaches the limit position, ensuring the long-term operation reliability of the system.

[0015] In some embodiments, the lifting module includes a shell body and a water-stop seal. The shell body is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and at least one water-stop seal is disposed around the outer periphery of the shell body.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By surrounding the outer periphery of the lifting module with a water-stop seal, a dynamic seal is formed between the lifting modules, so that lifting modules of different heights can also block water leakage, avoiding water flow interference with the operation of the device during the test phase; the lifting module adopts a rectangular shell body to facilitate matrix arrangement, ensuring that adjacent modules are seamlessly spliced ​​to form a continuous terrain surface, thereby improving structural adaptability.

[0017] In some embodiments, among two lifting modules arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal or transverse direction, one of them is provided with a limiting block, and the other one is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting block and the limiting groove are arranged to slide along the height direction.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The lateral displacement of adjacent lifting modules is constrained by the sliding fit between the limit blocks and the limit grooves, thereby improving the lifting accuracy; and it can prevent module dislocation caused by water impact, thereby maintaining the integrity of the terrain.

[0019] In some embodiments, the driving component and the communication power supply module are combined and arranged in the unit cell, and the bottom surface size of the driving component is matched with the unit cell size.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The drive component size is matched to the cell setting, so that the faulty drive part can be disassembled and replaced independently, avoiding overall downtime for maintenance.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fixed base plate is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged longitudinal scale lines and transverse scale lines, and the cells are formed by the longitudinal scale lines and transverse scale lines arranged at equal intervals.

[0022] Beneficial effect: The grid formed by the combination of vertical and horizontal scale lines provides a standard spatial coordinate system, which can assist in manually verifying the matching of module position and controller data, reduce system errors, and achieve the purpose of precise positioning and calibration.

[0023] In some embodiments, the test device further includes a functional module, and the functional module is detachably disposed on the lifting module.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By detaching the functional modules on the lifting module, the terrain platform can expand test functions such as water level monitoring, flow state display, and adjustment of model surface roughness without modifying the basic structure, thereby improving the scalability and practicality of the test device.

[0025] In some embodiments, a groove snap-in is provided at the upper end of the lifting module, and the groove snap-in is arranged on the outer edge side of the lifting module.

[0026] The lower end of the functional module is provided with a locking protrusion, and the locking protrusion is arranged on the outer edge side of the functional module; the functional module is clamped and arranged on the upper end of the lifting module through the correspondingly arranged groove bayonet and the locking protrusion.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Through the cooperative connection of the groove bayonet and the snap-fit ​​protrusion, the lifting module and the functional module can be detachably connected, ensuring that the functional module is firmly installed and easy to switch, which is beneficial to improving experimental efficiency; the groove bayonet and the snap-fit ​​protrusion are arranged on the outer edge side of the structure, which can facilitate users to quickly assist in connection or disassembly.

[0028] In some embodiments, the functional module is configured as a light indication module, and a light communication component is provided on the upper end of the functional module to control the on and off of the light in response to a wireless communication signal.

[0029] Beneficial effects: This design uses the light indication module to respond to control signals, marking flow features such as streamlines and vortices through on-off modes, helping users to intuitively capture hydraulic phenomena.

[0030] In some embodiments, the functional module is configured as a water level measurement module, and at least one water hole is provided at the upper end of the functional module. The water hole is connected to a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected to a water level probe to measure the water level elevation in the model.

[0031] Beneficial effects: This design directly connects the water level probe to the water permeable hole through the connecting pipe to measure the water level elevation in the model, which improves the measurement accuracy. Compared with the traditional cement mortar-made river engineering physical model, which requires pre-drilling holes for water level observation and is difficult to temporarily install a water level measuring device later, the present invention can temporarily install a water level measurement module according to the experimental results; multiple functional modules are respectively connected to the upper end of the lifting module. This integration method can ensure that the measuring point is synchronized with the terrain elevation and the response is faster.

[0032] In some embodiments, the functional module is configured as a roughness adjustment module, and a friction coating or a plurality of convex column bars extending along the height direction is provided on the upper end of the functional module.

[0033] Beneficial effects: By replacing the friction coating or convex columns of different lengths, the surface roughness of the simulated river section can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the hydraulic characteristics of different riverbed materials such as sediment and gravel.

[0034] In some embodiments, the functional module is configured as a tracer release module, and at least one release port is provided at the upper end of the functional module, the release port is connected to a pumping pipe, the pumping pipe is connected to a pump body, and the pump body is used to transport the color development solution; or;

[0035] The functional module is configured as a tracer particle releasing module. A releasing device is provided at the upper end of the functional module, and the releasing device is used to release the tracer particles.

[0036] Beneficial effects: The release port or release device is integrated into the functional module to release the color-developing solution or tracer particles directly at the target position, avoiding interference of the external environment with the flow field and improving the accuracy of observation of water flow traces.

[0037] In some embodiments, the functional module is configured as a fixed module, and an assembly groove is provided at the upper end of the functional module, and the assembly groove is used to assemble and fix the water-related building.

[0038] Beneficial effects: By providing a standard interface through fixed modules, water-related structures such as bridge piers, weirs and other components can be quickly installed, thereby achieving synchronous adjustment and testing of terrain and water-related structures.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Install the fixed base plate horizontally on the test site;

[0041] Connect the communication power modules of each lifting mechanism to the peripheral controller and turn on the power;

[0042] Input the terrain data of the target river section into the peripheral controller;

[0043] The controller scales the terrain data and maps it to the matrix cell coordinate system on the fixed base plate to generate the target height instruction set for each lifting module;

[0044] The controller sends a control signal to the communication power module of each lifting mechanism to start the driving member to drive the lifting module to move vertically through the transmission assembly;

[0045] The lifting modules on all cells move as instructed until they reach the target height, so as to be spliced ​​together to form the desired river section terrain.

[0046] Beneficial effects: This method establishes an effective association between terrain data and test simulation, from terrain data input to automatic module lifting and lowering, which is conducive to eliminating manual operation errors; all modules can be reset through the controller, supporting rapid switching and adjustment of different river section plans, solving the problem of difficult layout adjustment of traditional models, and its terrain reconstruction is efficient; and the same terrain data can be accurately reproduced multiple times, which is conducive to ensuring the reliability of test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a basic schematic diagram of a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a light indication module used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a water level measurement module used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a roughness adjustment module in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tracer release module used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tracer particle release module used in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a first structural schematic diagram of a roughness adjustment module in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 11 This is a second structural schematic diagram of a roughness adjustment module in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the third structure of the roughness adjustment module in the fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of a functional module with an assembly slot in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between functional modules and water-related buildings in a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Description of reference numerals:

[0063] 1. Fixed base plate; 101. Cell;

[0064] 2. Lifting mechanism; 211. Driving member; 212. Communication power module; 221. Transmission screw; 222. Transmission nut; 223. Limiting end; 231. Shell body; 232. Groove bayonet; 233. Water-stop seal; 234. Limiting block; 235. Limiting groove;

[0065] 3. Functional module; 301. Engaging protrusion; 302. Water-permeable hole; 303. Friction coating; 304. Release port; 305. Assembly slot; 311. Light communication component; 321. Connecting pipe; 322. Water level probe; 331. Pumping pipe; 332. Pump body; 333. Tracer particles; 334. Release device; 341. Boss bar; 4. Water-related buildings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] The present invention aims to provide a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device with accurate terrain shaping accuracy, simple and fast process, effectively controllable water leakage, and reusable manufacturing materials, so as to facilitate the implementation of river engineering physical experiments.

[0068] The following combination Figures 1 to 14 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a device for testing a fixed-bed river engineering physical model is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the test device includes a fixed base plate 1 and a lifting mechanism 2. The fixed base plate 1 is installed on the flat ground of the river engineering physical model test site. The upper end of the fixed base plate 1 is provided with cells 101 arranged in a matrix; there are multiple lifting mechanisms 2, and each lifting mechanism 2 is correspondingly installed on a cell 101.

[0070] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each lifting mechanism 2 includes a driving assembly, a transmission assembly and a lifting module; the transmission assembly is connected to the driving end of the driving assembly, and the lifting module is arranged for transmission with the transmission assembly; the driving assembly is equipped with a driving member 211 and a communication power module 212, and the communication power module 212 and the driving member 211 are electrically connected; in the lifting mechanism 2, the communication power module 212 is suitable for receiving the control signal of the external controller, so that the driving member 211 drives the transmission assembly to drive the lifting module to move up and down; by adjusting the lifting mechanisms 2 in each unit cell 101, all lifting mechanisms 2 are spliced ​​together to simulate the desired river section terrain.

[0071] The present application directly splices the river section terrain through multiple liftable lifting modules, which can save the cement pouring and curing time in the traditional river engineering physical model production process and shorten the model construction cycle; adopts a modular mechanical structure to replace cement mortar to eliminate the cracking and leakage problems caused by material solidification shrinkage or temperature changes; all lifting mechanisms 2 can be reset and repeatedly adjust the terrain, thereby greatly reducing consumables consumption and improving environmental protection; the lifting mechanism 2 on each unit cell 101 can independently control the elevation, and accurately map the real terrain data through an external controller, eliminating the section connection error of artificial filling, and improving the terrain accuracy and adjustability of the test.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the transmission assembly is configured as a threaded transmission structure, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a transmission screw 221 and a transmission nut 222. The driving member 211 is configured as a driving motor. The transmission screw 221 is fixedly set on the driving shaft of the driving member 211. The transmission nut 222 and the transmission screw 221 are threadedly transmitted. The transmission nut 222 and the lifting module are fixedly set. An installation space is provided in the lifting module to accommodate the transmission screw 221.

[0073] The transmission assembly provided in this solution adopts a threaded transmission structure to provide high-precision linear displacement. Specifically, the transmission lifting module is lifted and lowered through the transmission screw 221 and the transmission nut 222, ensuring that the lifting height is accurately controllable; the transmission screw 221 is accommodated in the built-in installation space of the lifting module, reducing the external occupied space and maintaining close splicing between modules.

[0074] In a further embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the end of the transmission screw 221 away from the driving member 211 is provided with a limit end 223, which is used to limit and stop the transmission nut 222. This solution uses the limit end 223 to physically block the transmission nut 222, preventing the lifting module from disengaging when it reaches the limit position, thereby ensuring the long-term operational reliability of the system.

[0075] In other embodiments, the transmission assembly is configured as a gear rack structure, and the transmission assembly includes a transmission gear and a transmission rack. The transmission gear is fixed on the driving shaft of the driving member 211, the transmission gear and the transmission rack are engaged for transmission, and the lifting module is fixed to the transmission rack; a guide rail can be provided to guide and support the transmission rack to drive the sliding movement of the lifting module.

[0076] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lifting module includes a shell body 231 and a water-stop seal 233. The shell body 231 is configured as a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and one or more water-stop seals 233 are arranged around the outer periphery of the shell body 231. The outer peripheral side of the water-stop seal 233 can abut against the outer wall of the adjacent lifting module to form a seal. In this solution, the water-stop seal 233 surrounds the outer periphery of the lifting module to form a dynamic seal between each lifting module, so that lifting modules of different heights can also block water leakage and avoid water flow interference with the operation of the device during the test phase; the lifting module adopts a rectangular shell body 231 to facilitate matrix arrangement, ensuring that adjacent modules are seamlessly spliced ​​to form a continuous terrain surface, thereby improving the adaptability of the structure.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the water-stop seal 233 is configured as a flexible hollow square rubber ring.

[0078] In a specific embodiment, two water-stopping seals 233 are disposed on the outer side of the shell body 231 along the horizontal direction, and the two water-stopping seals 233 are disposed at intervals in the upper and lower directions.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, between two adjacent lifting modules arranged longitudinally or transversely, one is provided with a stop block 234 and the other with a stop slot 235. The stop block 234 and the stop slot 235 slide relative to each other in the height direction. This solution constrains the lateral displacement of the adjacent lifting modules through the sliding fit between the stop block 234 and the stop slot 235, improving lifting accuracy and preventing module misalignment caused by water impact, thus maintaining terrain integrity.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the lifting mechanism is provided in two models, one model has the limit blocks 234 provided on all four outer walls, and the other model has the limit grooves 235 provided on all four outer walls; the integral structure is formed by splicing and combining the two models.

[0081] In some embodiments, the driver 211 and the communication power module 212 are combined and disposed within the cell 101, with the bottom dimensions of the driver assembly matching the dimensions of the cell 101. Matching the dimensions of the driver assembly to the dimensions of the cell 101 allows for independent removal and replacement of faulty driver components, avoiding total downtime for repairs.

[0082] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of vertically arranged longitudinal and transverse scale lines are provided on the fixed base plate 1. These equally spaced longitudinal and transverse scale lines form a grid 101. In this solution, the grid formed by the combination of longitudinal and transverse scale lines provides a standard spatial coordinate system, which can assist in manually verifying the matching of module position and controller data, reduce system errors, and achieve the purpose of precise positioning and calibration.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the test device further includes a functional module 3, which is detachably mounted on the lifting module. By detaching the functional module 3 from the lifting module, the terrain platform can be expanded to include testing functions such as water level monitoring, flow pattern display, and model surface roughness adjustment without modifying the underlying structure, thereby improving the scalability and practicality of the test device.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end of the lifting module is provided with a groove bayonet 232, and the groove bayonet 232 is provided on the outer edge side of the lifting module; Figure 5 As shown, the lower end of the functional module 3 is provided with a snap-fit ​​protrusion 301, which is located on the outer edge of the functional module 3. The functional module 3 is snapped onto the upper end of the lifting module through the corresponding groove bayonet 232 and the snap-fit ​​protrusion 301. The mating connection between the groove bayonet 232 and the snap-fit ​​protrusion 301 enables the lifting module and the functional module 3 to be removably connected, ensuring a secure installation and easy switching of the functional module 3, which is conducive to improving experimental efficiency. The groove bayonet 232 and the snap-fit ​​protrusion 301 are located on the outer edge of the structure, allowing users to quickly assist in connecting or disconnecting.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, the groove snap-in 232 is recessed at the four corners of the shell body 231 , the functional module 3 is configured as a quadrilateral plate structure, and the engaging protrusions 301 are configured at the four corners of the plate structure.

[0086] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a light indication module, and a light communication component 311 is provided on the upper end of the functional module 3 to control the on and off of the light in response to the wireless communication signal.

[0087] This design utilizes a lighting indicator module that responds to control signals, marking flow features such as streamlines and vortices through on / off patterns, helping users intuitively capture hydraulic phenomena. For example, wireless signals can be used to control the on / off state of a circuit, turning the top light on and off. This can be used to indicate fault points during testing or demonstrate the flow field on the surface of a water flow.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, Figure 6As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a water level measurement module. One or more water holes 302 are provided at the upper end of the functional module 3. The water holes 302 are connected to a connecting pipe 321. The connecting pipe 321 is connected to a water level probe 322 to measure the water level elevation in the model.

[0089] This design directly connects the water-permeable hole 302 to the water-level measuring needle 322 through the connecting pipe 321 to measure the water level elevation in the model, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Compared with the traditional cement mortar-made river engineering physical model, which requires pre-reserved holes for water level observation and is difficult to temporarily install a water level measuring device later, the present invention can temporarily install a water level measurement module according to the experimental results; multiple functional modules 3 are respectively connected to the upper end of the lifting module. This integration method can ensure that the measuring point is synchronized with the terrain elevation and the response is faster.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, Figure 7 、 Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a roughness adjustment module, and a friction coating 303 or a plurality of protruding column strips 341 extending along the height direction is provided on the upper end of the functional module 3 .

[0091] By replacing the friction coating 303 or the different lengths of the protruding studs 341, the surface roughness of a river section can be quickly simulated to adapt to the hydraulic characteristics of different riverbed materials such as silt, gravel, etc. For example, the surface roughness of the model can be changed by attaching protruding studs 341 of different lengths as needed; the protruding studs 341 can be made of plastic strips.

[0092] In a specific embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a tracer release module. One or more release ports 304 are provided at the upper end of the functional module 3. The release ports 304 are connected to a pumping tube 331. The pumping tube 331 is connected to a pump body 332. The pump body 332 is used to transport the color-developing solution.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a tracer particle releasing module. A releasing device 334 is provided at the upper end of the functional module 3 . The releasing device 334 is used to release the tracer particles 333 .

[0094] The release port 304 or release device 334 is integrated into the functional module 3 to release the color-developing solution or tracer particles 333 directly at the target location, preventing external interference with the flow field and improving the accuracy of water flow trace observation. For example, a tracer liquid such as potassium permanganate solution can be pumped into the water body as needed during the test.

[0095] In a specific embodiment, Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the functional module 3 is configured as a fixed module, and an assembly groove 305 is provided on the upper end of the functional module 3 , and the assembly groove 305 is used for assembling and fixing the wading structure 4 .

[0096] The fixed modules provide a standard interface for the rapid installation of water-related structures 4, such as bridge piers, weirs, and other components, thereby enabling simultaneous adjustment and testing of the terrain and water-related structures 4. The assembly slots 305 can serve as fixing points for model bridge piers, model hydraulic structures, and model river-related structures.

[0097] The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device provided in this embodiment, when used:

[0098] After obtaining the river section topography, an electrical signal is given to each driving component, instructing the corresponding driving member 211 to rotate a set number of circles, thereby driving the transmission screw 221 to rotate. Under the rotation of the transmission screw 221, the lifting module moves up and down, and multiple lifting modules form a simulated river section model surface.

[0099] During the experiment, different functional modules 3 can be installed on the top of the lifting module to adjust to different terrains or for test measurement purposes, for example:

[0100] A roughness adjustment module is installed on the top of the lifting module within the river section where the river roughness needs to be adjusted. The top of the module has a protruding column 341 of different lengths that can be used to change the terrain roughness.

[0101] A water level measurement module is installed on top of the lifting module at the location where the water level needs to be measured, and the water body in the model can be connected to the water level probe 322 to read the water level elevation;

[0102] The river-related building fixing module is installed on the top of the lifting module of the selected plot of the river section where the bridge or other water-related building 4 needs to be installed, and the manufactured bridge piers or other buildings can be inserted into the assembly groove 305 for fixing;

[0103] Install a tracer release module or a tracer particle release module on top of the lifting module upstream of the river section where the surface flow field needs to be measured, and release a colorimetric solution such as potassium permanganate or tracer particles into the water body 333;

[0104] A light indication module is installed on the top of the lifting module in the area where light indication of the flow field and the key test area of ​​the model is required, and flashes at a specific time and frequency through the light communication component 311.

[0105] Through the above operations, a fixed-bed river engineering physical model can be quickly built, the roughness of the river section can be conveniently adjusted, and monitoring instruments can be installed to improve test accuracy, shorten experimental time, and save manpower and material resources.

[0106] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, a method for using a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0107] Install the fixed base plate 1 horizontally on the test field;

[0108] Connect the communication power supply module 212 of each lifting mechanism 2 to the external controller and turn on the power;

[0109] Input the terrain data of the target river section into the peripheral controller;

[0110] The controller scales the terrain data and maps it to the matrix cell 101 coordinate system on the fixed base plate 1 to generate a target height instruction set for each lifting module;

[0111] The controller sends a control signal to the communication power module 212 of each lifting mechanism 2 to start the driving member 211 to drive the lifting module to move vertically up and down through the transmission assembly.

[0112] The lifting modules on all cells 101 move according to the instructions until they reach the target height, so as to be spliced ​​together to form the desired river section terrain.

[0113] This method establishes an effective connection between terrain data and test simulation from terrain data input to automatic module lifting and lowering, which is conducive to eliminating manual operation errors; all modules can be reset through the controller, supporting rapid switching and adjustment of different river section plans, solving the problem of difficult layout adjustment of traditional models, and its terrain reconstruction is efficient; and the same terrain data can be accurately reproduced multiple times, which is conducive to ensuring the reliability of test results.

[0114] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A physical model test device for fixed-bed river engineering, characterized in that: include: A fixed base plate (1) having cells (101) arranged in a matrix at its upper end; A plurality of lifting mechanisms (2), each of the lifting mechanisms (2) being correspondingly mounted on the unit cell (101); each of the lifting mechanisms (2) comprising a driving assembly, a transmission assembly, and a lifting module; the transmission assembly being connected and arranged at a driving end of the driving assembly, the lifting module being arranged for transmission with the transmission assembly; the driving assembly being provided with a driving member (211) and a communication power module (212), the communication power module (212) and the driving member (211) being electrically connected; In the lifting mechanism (2), the communication power supply module (212) is suitable for receiving a control signal from an external controller, so that the driving member (211) drives the transmission assembly to drive the lifting module to move up and down; by adjusting the lifting mechanism (2) in each unit cell (101), all the lifting mechanisms (2) are spliced ​​together to simulate the desired river section terrain.

2. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly is configured as a threaded transmission structure, comprising a transmission screw (221) and a transmission nut (222); the driving member (211) is configured as a driving motor; the transmission screw (221) is fixedly arranged on a driving shaft of the driving member (211); the transmission nut (222) and the transmission screw (221) are threadedly transmitted; the transmission nut (222) and the lifting module are fixedly arranged; and an installation space is provided in the lifting module to accommodate the transmission screw (221).

3. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting end (223) is provided at one end of the transmission screw (221) away from the driving member (211), and the limiting end (223) is used to limit and stop the transmission nut (222).

4. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting module comprises a shell body (231) and a water-stopping seal (233); the shell body (231) is arranged as a rectangular parallelepiped structure; and at least one water-stopping seal (233) is arranged around the outer periphery of the shell body (231).

5. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among two lifting modules arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal or transverse direction, one of them is provided with a limiting block (234), and the other is provided with a limiting groove (235), and the limiting block (234) and the limiting groove (235) are arranged to slide relative to each other in the height direction.

6. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (211) and the communication power supply module (212) are arranged in combination within the cell (101), and the bottom surface size of the driving component is matched with the size of the cell (101).

7. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fixed base plate (1) is provided with a plurality of vertically arranged longitudinal scale lines and transverse scale lines, and the cells (101) are formed by the longitudinal scale lines and transverse scale lines arranged at equal intervals.

8. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The test device further comprises a functional module (3), and the functional module (3) is detachably arranged on the lifting module.

9. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A groove bayonet (232) is provided at the upper end of the lifting module, and the groove bayonet (232) is arranged on the outer edge side of the lifting module; The lower end of the functional module (3) is provided with a snap-fit ​​protrusion (301), and the snap-fit ​​protrusion (301) is arranged on the outer edge side of the functional module (3); the functional module (3) is snap-fitted and arranged on the upper end of the lifting module through the correspondingly arranged groove bayonet (232) and the snap-fit ​​protrusion (301).

10. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional module (3) is configured as a light indication module, and a light communication component (311) is provided at the upper end of the functional module (3) to control the on and off of the light in response to a wireless communication signal.

11. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional module (3) is configured as a water level measurement module. The upper end of the functional module (3) is provided with at least one water permeable hole (302). The water permeable hole (302) is connected to a connecting pipe (321). The connecting pipe (321) is connected to a water level measuring needle (322) to measure the water level elevation in the model.

12. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional module (3) is configured as a roughness adjustment module, and the upper end of the functional module (3) is provided with a friction coating (303) or a plurality of convex column strips (341) extending in the height direction.

13. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional module (3) is configured as a tracer release module, and the upper end of the functional module (3) is provided with at least one release port (304), the release port (304) is connected to a pumping pipe (331), the pumping pipe (331) is connected to a pump body (332), and the pump body (332) is used to transport a color-developing solution; or; The functional module (3) is configured as a tracer particle release module. A release device (334) is provided at the upper end of the functional module (3). The release device (334) is used to release the tracer particles (333).

14. The fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The functional module (3) is configured as a fixed module. An assembly groove (305) is provided at the upper end of the functional module (3). The assembly groove (305) is used for assembling and fixing the water-related building (4).

15. A method for using a fixed-bed river engineering physical model test device, characterized in that: The steps include: Install the fixed base plate (1) horizontally on the test site; Connecting the communication power supply module (212) of each lifting mechanism (2) to the peripheral controller and turning on the power supply; Input the terrain data of the target river section into the peripheral controller; The controller scales the terrain data and maps it to a matrix cell (101) coordinate system on a fixed base plate (1) to generate a target height instruction set for each lifting module; Sending a control signal to the communication power module (212) of each lifting mechanism (2) through the controller to start the driving member (211) to drive the lifting module to move vertically up and down through the transmission assembly; The lifting modules on all cells (101) move according to the instructions until they reach the target height, so as to be spliced ​​together to form the desired river section terrain.

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