A solar energy optical fiber guiding system with fixed lens

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of solar light utilization, and discloses a solar light energy optical fiber leading-in system with fixed lenses; the system comprises a lens mounting module, which is used for fixing and mounting convex lenses on the outer vertical wall surface of a building; and a sun position determining module, which is used for determining the real-time position of the sun through an astronomical algorithm; the application can flexibly select two kinds of focus-pursuing modes according to different situations, so as to ensure that the solar light energy is effectively and quickly led into the input end of the optical fiber, the optimal degree of freedom combination set of the mirror array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun is quickly determined, the fast focus-pursuing is realized, the focal point spots reflected by the mirrors are accurately superimposed on the input end of the optical fiber, and the focal point spot intensity of the input end of the optical fiber is maximized; the fast focus-pursuing of the input end of the optical fiber is also realized, the focus-pursuing time is reduced, the current optical fiber input end position which is not fixed is adjusted, and the solar light can be accurately led into the input end of the optical fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sunlight utilization technology, and more specifically, to a solar energy fiber optic transmission system with a fixed lens. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and increasing emphasis on environmental protection, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has received widespread attention for its utilization. Solar fiber optic transmission systems, as a highly efficient solar energy utilization technology, can transmit sunlight through optical fibers to indoor areas or other areas requiring lighting, and have broad application prospects. This innovative technology aims to efficiently transmit sunlight to every corner of a room. Such systems typically consist of three main parts: a solar collector, optical fibers, and indoor lighting equipment. The solar collector gathers sunlight, which is then transmitted through the optical fiber to the areas requiring illumination. The indoor lighting equipment diffuses the sunlight transmitted from the optical fiber, providing uniform indoor lighting.

[0003] However, the light collectors (such as convex lenses) in existing solar fiber optic transmission systems are generally not fixed and are installed on the top of buildings, which makes them easy to be blocked or have their surfaces contaminated by pollutants, thus affecting the light-gathering effect. In addition, existing solar fiber optic transmission systems often have good lighting effects when the light intensity is high, but poor lighting effects when the light intensity is low, which makes it difficult to maximize the lighting effect when the light intensity is low.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a fixed lens solar energy fiber optic import system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art and to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system, comprising:

[0006] Lens mounting module, used to fix a convex lens to the exterior wall of a building;

[0007] The solar position determination module is used to determine the real-time position of the sun through astronomical algorithms;

[0008] The focus tracking module is used to track the focus according to the real-time position of the sun in order to bring sunlight into the optical fiber input end. The focus tracking includes a first focus tracking method and a second focus tracking method. The first focus tracking method is to install and adjust the reflector array for focus tracking, and the second focus tracking method is to adjust the optical fiber input end for focus tracking. The focal point position formed by the convex lens receiving sunlight is set as the first focal point position.

[0009] An indoor lighting module for designing the fiber optic output, the design including a beam splitting system and divergence control.

[0010] Furthermore, in the lens mounting module:

[0011] The specifications of the convex lens are set, and the convex lens is embedded and installed on the exterior wall of the building. The convex lens is perpendicular to the ground at 90 degrees, and the surface of the convex lens is coated with an anti-reflective film.

[0012] Furthermore, in the solar position determination module:

[0013] The GPS module is used to obtain the geographical location, date, and time of the building's exterior wall, and then the SPA algorithm is used to calculate the real-time position of the sun.

[0014] Furthermore, the first focus tracking method includes:

[0015] A mirror array is installed behind the convex lens. Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point position, the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array, and the position of the fiber optic input end is collected in advance. Based on the mapping data, a first mapping relationship table between the sun's position and the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is established. In the first focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a fixed state.

[0016] During focus tracking, the real-time position of the sun is input into the first mapping table to obtain the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current degree of freedom combination of each mirror in the mirror array is adjusted using the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the corresponding mirror array, so that each mirror reflects the focal spot formed by the convex lens to the fiber input end for superposition, thereby realizing the introduction of sunlight into the fiber input end.

[0017] The optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is determined based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The optimal set of degrees of freedom includes the combination of degrees of freedom of each mirror in the mirror array, and each mirror has a corresponding driving mechanism to adjust the degrees of freedom.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the mirror array based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm include:

[0019] The mirror array is defined as having K mirrors, each mirror having a combination of degrees of freedom, namely pitch and yaw angles. Each particle represents a combination of degrees of freedom of a mirror. The position vector of the particle is defined, and the objective function is defined as maximizing the light spot intensity at the fiber input end.

[0020] Initialize the particle swarm by randomly generating the initial positions and velocities of N particles;

[0021] For each particle, calculate its objective function value based on the particle's current combination of degrees of freedom, update the position and velocity of each particle, find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution, stop iterating when any condition is met, and output the global optimal solution, i.e. the optimal combination of degrees of freedom.

[0022] Furthermore, the process of updating the position and velocity of each particle and finding the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution specifically includes:

[0023] Define expressions for the individual optimal solution, the global optimal solution, the particle velocity update, and the particle position update. Use the defined expressions to update the position and velocity of each particle and find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution.

[0024] Furthermore, the search for the individual optimal solution also includes degree-of-freedom constraints and mirror collision avoidance constraints.

[0025] Furthermore, the second focus tracking method includes:

[0026] Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point's position, and the fiber optic input end's position are collected in advance. A second mapping table between the sun's position and the fiber optic input end's position is established based on the mapping data. In the second focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a non-fixed state.

[0027] During focusing, the real-time position of the sun is input into the second mapping table to obtain the position of the optical fiber input end corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current position of the optical fiber input end is adjusted using the corresponding position of the optical fiber input end and the drive mechanism to enable sunlight to enter the optical fiber input end.

[0028] Furthermore, the focus tracking module also includes:

[0029] When setting the light intensity threshold, if the light intensity is below the threshold, the first tracking focus mode can be used; if the light intensity is greater than or equal to the threshold, either the first tracking focus mode or the second tracking focus mode can be used.

[0030] Furthermore, in the indoor lighting module:

[0031] The optical splitting system includes: using a mechanical beam splitter or a fixed beam splitter to distribute the sunlight energy at the optical fiber output end to different rooms or areas;

[0032] The divergence control includes: installing a collimating lens + diffuser combination or a light guide plate at the output end of the optical fiber.

[0033] The technical effects and advantages of the fixed lens solar energy fiber optic guidance system of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. By vertically embedding convex lenses into the exterior wall of a building and coating them with an anti-reflective film, light loss can be reduced; by using GPS and SPA algorithms, the real-time position of the sun can be accurately obtained, providing an accurate basis for subsequent focusing.

[0035] 2. The focusing module employs two focusing methods, which can be flexibly selected according to different situations to ensure that sunlight can be effectively introduced into the fiber optic input end. In the first focusing method, by setting a first mapping table, the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the reflector array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun can be quickly determined, reducing the time for determining the optimal set of degrees of freedom and enabling rapid focusing. When establishing the first mapping table, the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the reflector array is determined by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm, thereby enabling the precise superposition of the focal spot reflected by each reflector onto the fiber optic input end to maximize the intensity of the focal spot at the fiber optic input end. In the second focusing method, by setting a second mapping table, rapid focusing at the fiber optic input end can be achieved, reducing focusing time and facilitating adjustments to the non-fixed current position of the fiber optic input end, so that sunlight can be accurately introduced into the fiber optic input end.

[0036] 3. By designing the fiber optic output end, reasonable beam splitting and divergence control can be achieved to meet the lighting needs of different indoor areas, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the flexibility of indoor lighting. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Existing solar fiber optic transmission systems typically use non-fixed light collectors (such as convex lenses) mounted on building rooftops, making them susceptible to obstruction or surface contamination, thus affecting light collection. Furthermore, existing systems often perform well under high light intensity (such as sunny, partly cloudy days) but poorly under low light intensity (such as overcast, cloudy days). This makes it difficult to maximize the intensity of the focal spot at the fiber input to improve the output light intensity and other illumination effects. Therefore, this invention proposes a fixed-lens solar fiber optic transmission system to address these issues.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the fixed lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system described in this embodiment includes:

[0041] The lens mounting module is used to fix a convex lens (which serves to collect and focus light) on the exterior wall of a building. It should be noted that setting the specifications of the convex lens and vertically embedding it into the exterior wall ensures the stability and consistency of sunlight reception. Setting the convex lens perpendicular to the ground at 90 degrees allows it to receive sunlight more evenly throughout the day. Installing an anti-reflective coating reduces sunlight reflection loss on the lens surface, thus minimizing light loss.

[0042] The solar position determination module is used to determine the real-time position of the sun through astronomical algorithms. It should be noted that by using the GPS module to obtain the geographical location, date and time of the building's exterior wall, accurate basic data can be provided for the calculation of the sun's position.

[0043] The focusing module is used to focus on the real-time position of the sun to ensure sunlight is directed to the fiber optic input. The focusing includes a first focusing method and a second focusing method. The first focusing method involves installing and adjusting a reflector array for focusing, while the second focusing method involves adjusting the fiber optic input. The focal point formed by the convex lens receiving sunlight is set as the first focal point. It should be noted that in the first focusing method, by setting a first mapping table, the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the reflector array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun can be quickly determined, reducing the time required to determine the optimal set of degrees of freedom and enabling rapid focusing. In the second focusing method, by setting a second mapping table, rapid focusing at the fiber optic input can be achieved, reducing focusing time and facilitating adjustments to the non-fixed current position of the fiber optic input, ensuring accurate sunlight delivery to the fiber optic input.

[0044] An indoor lighting module is designed for the fiber optic output end. The design includes a beam splitting system and divergence control. The beam splitting system distributes light to multiple rooms or areas through an optional beam splitter. The divergence control provides uniform illumination through a collimating lens or a diffuser (such as frosted glass). It should be noted that by designing the fiber optic output end, reasonable beam splitting and divergence control can be achieved to meet the lighting needs of different areas indoors, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the flexibility of indoor lighting.

[0045] In this embodiment, a convex lens is fixed to the exterior wall of the building, providing a foundation for focusing sunlight. An astronomical algorithm is used to accurately determine the real-time position of the sun, providing an accurate basis for subsequent focusing. The focusing module employs two focusing methods, which can be flexibly selected according to different situations, ensuring that sunlight can be effectively guided into the fiber optic input. In the first focusing method, by setting a first mapping table, the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the mirror array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun can be quickly determined. Based on the optimal set of degrees of freedom, the angle of each mirror in the mirror array is adjusted, reducing the time required to determine the optimal set of degrees of freedom and enabling rapid focusing. In establishing the first mapping table... In the first focusing method, the optimal combination of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is determined by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. This allows for the rapid and precise superposition of the discrete focal spots reflected by each mirror onto the fiber optic input end, maximizing the intensity of the focal spot at the fiber optic input end. In the second focusing method, the second mapping table enables rapid focusing at the fiber optic input end, reducing focusing time and facilitating adjustments to the non-fixed current position of the fiber optic input end, ensuring accurate sunlight input. Furthermore, the fiber optic output end is designed to achieve reasonable beam splitting and divergence control, meeting the lighting needs of different indoor areas and improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the flexibility of indoor lighting.

[0046] As an optional embodiment: in the lens mounting module:

[0047] The specifications of the convex lens are set, and the convex lens is embedded and installed on the exterior wall of the building. The convex lens is perpendicular to the ground at 90 degrees, and the surface of the convex lens is coated with an anti-reflective film.

[0048] It should be noted that the specifications of the convex lens can be set according to the actual situation. By setting the specifications of the convex lens and vertically embedding it on the exterior wall of the building, the stability and consistency of sunlight received by the convex lens are ensured. The installation method of being perpendicular to the ground at 90 degrees allows the convex lens to receive sunlight more evenly throughout the day, which can reduce the possibility of the convex lens being blocked or contaminated by pollutants. By installing an anti-reflective coating (such as an anti-reflection coating) on ​​the surface of the convex lens, the reflection loss of sunlight on the surface of the convex lens can be reduced, light loss can be reduced, and the transmittance of sunlight by the convex lens can be increased, thereby increasing the amount of solar energy entering the solar fiber optic system. In addition, the materials of the reflector array and the fiber input end are all high-temperature resistant materials (such as diamond coating) or equipped with heat sinks or air cooling systems to avoid local overheating. Large-core multimode fiber (such as 1mm core diameter, numerical aperture NA≥0.5) can be used to match high light throughput and divergence angle.

[0049] As an optional embodiment: in the solar position determination module:

[0050] The GPS module is used to obtain the geographical location, date and time of the building's exterior wall, and then the SPA algorithm is used to calculate the real-time position of the sun, namely the sun's altitude angle and the sun's azimuth angle.

[0051] It should be noted that by using the GPS module to obtain the geographical location, date, and time of the building's exterior wall, accurate basic data is provided for calculating the sun's position. The real-time position of the sun is calculated by using the SPA algorithm, which has high accuracy and can accurately track the changes in the sun's position in the sky. This provides reliable sun position information for the focus tracking module, ensuring that the system can adjust the focus tracking strategy in a timely manner and achieve efficient sunlight import.

[0052] As an optional embodiment: the first focus tracking method includes:

[0053] A mirror array is installed behind the convex lens. Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point position, the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array, and the position of the fiber optic input end is collected in advance. Based on the mapping data, a first mapping relationship table between the sun's position and the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is established. In the first focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a fixed state.

[0054] During focus tracking, the real-time position of the sun is input into the first mapping table to obtain the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current degree of freedom combination of each mirror in the mirror array is adjusted using the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the corresponding mirror array, so that each mirror reflects the focal spot formed by the convex lens to the fiber input end for superposition, thereby realizing the introduction of sunlight into the fiber input end.

[0055] The optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is determined based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The optimal set of degrees of freedom includes the combination of degrees of freedom of each mirror in the mirror array, and each mirror has a corresponding driving mechanism (such as a nanometer-scale stepper motor) to adjust the degrees of freedom.

[0056] Specifically, the first mapping table can be updated or calibrated periodically; the position of the first focal point changes with the position of the sun, thus establishing a mapping relationship between the position of the first focal point and the position of the sun. Each mirror array of the reflector array is used to reflect the focal point of the first focal point to the fiber input end, thereby achieving the effect of focal spot superposition. The fiber input end is fixed, so only the optimal set of degrees of freedom combination of the reflector array needs to be determined by the particle swarm algorithm to establish the mapping relationship between the position of the first focal point and the fiber input end. By combining the mapping relationship between the position of the first focal point and the position of the sun, the first mapping table of the optimal set of degrees of freedom combination of the sun position and the reflector array can be obtained. After the optimal set of degrees of freedom combination of the reflector array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun, the difference between the degree of freedom combination corresponding to each reflector in the reflector array and the current degree of freedom combination of the reflector is obtained. Based on this difference, the current degree of freedom combination of the reflector is adjusted (the adjustment can be executed by the corresponding drive mechanism of the reflector to realize the introduction of sunlight into the fiber input end). Each reflector obtains the degree of freedom combination, namely pitch angle and yaw angle, through the installed position sensor.

[0057] It should be noted that by installing a mirror array behind the convex lens and establishing a first mapping relationship table by collecting various mapping data, the optimal set of degrees of freedom combination of the sun position and the mirror array is quickly matched. During focusing, the optimal set of degrees of freedom combination is obtained from the mapping relationship table according to the real-time position of the sun, and the degree of freedom combination of each mirror in the mirror array is adjusted so that the focal spot is superimposed at the fixed fiber input end, which can effectively improve the collection efficiency and import accuracy of sunlight. Furthermore, the fixed fiber input end simplifies the system structure and reduces the complexity and cost of the solar fiber import system.

[0058] As an optional embodiment: the specific steps for determining the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm include:

[0059] The mirror array consists of K mirrors, each with a degree of freedom in its combination, namely the pitch angle θ. K and yaw angle φ K Each particle represents a combination of degrees of freedom of a mirror, and the position vector of the particle is defined as: Where i = 1, 2, ..., N, N is the particle swarm size (typically 50 to 200), and the objective function is defined. To maximize the light spot intensity at the fiber input end The intensity of the light spot at the fiber optic input end can be obtained through optical simulation models or actual measurements using optical sensors. The optical simulation model is as follows: In the formula, P k Let d be the light power reflected by the k-th mirror, which is related to the area, reflectivity, and incident light intensity of the mirror; k Let be the distance from the k-th reflector to the fiber input end; Let be the direction vector of the light reflected by the k-th mirror; σ is the normal vector at the fiber input end; σ is the focusing accuracy parameter used to control the divergence of the light spot.

[0060] Initialize the particle swarm by randomly generating the initial positions of N particles. and initial velocity

[0061] Where U is a uniform distribution, rand()∈[0,1] is a uniform random number, and θ min θ max These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the mirror's pitch angle, φ. min ,φ max These are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the mirror's yaw angle, respectively. These are the maximum and minimum boundary values ​​of particle i in dimension j, respectively, which are used to limit the position range of the particle. Dimension j is one degree of freedom in the combination of degrees of freedom.

[0062] For each particle i, calculate its objective function value at the current iteration number t based on the particle's current combination of degrees of freedom. Update the position and velocity of each particle, find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution, stop iterating when either condition is met, and output the global optimal solution. That is, the optimal set of degrees of freedom. The conditions are: the current iteration reaches the maximum number of iterations, i.e., t≥Tmax, and the global optimal solution converges. and the light intensity at the fiber optic input end In the formula, This represents the objective function value of the current iteration; I represents the objective function value of the previous iteration; ε represents a preset small positive threshold used to determine whether the change in the objective function value is small enough to satisfy the convergence condition; target The light spot intensity at the input end of the target fiber is represented by the objective function value in the current iteration. A satisfactory solution is considered to have been found when the objective function value in the current iteration reaches or exceeds the light spot intensity at the input end of the target fiber.

[0063] It should be noted that by treating each combination of degrees of freedom (pitch and yaw angles) of the reflector array as particles, the optimal set of degrees of freedom combinations is determined by the particle swarm optimization algorithm. This algorithm has advantages such as strong global search capability and fast convergence speed, and can quickly find the synergistic combination of each reflector degree of freedom combination that maximizes the light spot intensity at the fiber input end. Initializing the particle swarm and randomly generating initial positions and velocities increases the randomness of the search, which helps to avoid getting trapped in local optima and increases the probability of finding the global optimum.

[0064] As an optional embodiment: the updating of the position and velocity of each particle, and the search for the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution specifically include:

[0065] Define the expressions for the individual optimal solution, the global optimal solution, the expression for updating the particle velocity, and the expression for updating the particle position. Use the defined expressions to update the position and velocity of each particle and find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution.

[0066] The expression for the optimal solution for that individual is:

[0067] In the formula, This represents the historical best position of particle i. This represents the position vector of the particle at iteration t. Let i be the historical best position of particle i in iteration t-1. This represents the objective function value corresponding to the particle's position vector at iteration t, used to evaluate the particle's position, i.e., the light spot intensity at the fiber input end. This represents the objective function value corresponding to the historical best position of the particle in iteration t-1;

[0068] The expression for the global optimal solution is:

[0069] In the formula, This represents the global optimal solution for the particle in iteration t. The objective function value represents the position of the particle at its historical best position in iteration t, and argmax represents the maximum value of the arguments used to optimize the objective function. The independent variable that reaches its maximum value (in this case, the historical optimal position)

[0070] The expression for updating the particle velocity is:

[0071] In the formula, This represents the velocity vector of particle i in the (t+1)th iteration. Let ω(t) represent the velocity vector of particle i in the tth iteration, ω(t) represent the adaptive inertia weight in the tth iteration (usually decreasing linearly from 0.9 to 0.4), c1 and c2 are learning factors (with values ​​of c1 = c2 = 2), and r1 and r2 ~ U[0, 1] are random numbers, representing random perturbation terms, which follow a uniform distribution U[0, 1].

[0072] The expression for updating the particle position is:

[0073] In the formula, This represents the position vector of particle i in the (t+1)th iteration. This represents the position vector of the particle at iteration t;

[0074] It should be noted that by defining expressions for individual optimal solutions, global optimal solutions, and updating particle velocities and positions, clear computational rules are provided for the particle swarm optimization algorithm. By using these expressions to update the position and velocity of particles, the particles can be gradually guided towards the optimal solution. By continuously iterating to find individual optimal solutions and global optimal solutions, the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the mirror array is finally obtained, ensuring the effectiveness and accuracy of the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the mirror array obtained by the particle swarm optimization algorithm.

[0075] As an optional embodiment: when searching for the individual optimal solution, the method also includes degree-of-freedom constraints and mirror collision avoidance constraints.

[0076] The expression for the degree of freedom constraint is: In the formula, x i,j (t+1) represents the position of particle i in the j-th dimension of the next iteration. These represent the minimum and maximum values ​​at the j-th dimension position of the particle, respectively, i.e., the boundary constraints of the degrees of freedom;

[0077] The anti-collision constraint for the reflectors is: for any two adjacent reflectors k' and m', all pairs of points (P) on their surfaces... k' ,P m' The spatial Euclidean distance must be greater than or equal to the minimum safe distance d. safe That is, min P k'∈反射镜k' ,P m'∈反射镜m' ,||P k' -P m' ||≥d safe ;

[0078] The adaptive inertia weights are specifically as follows:

[0079] In the formula, ω max ω represents the maximum value of the inertia weight. minThe minimum value of the inertia weight is represented by σ`, which is the intensity of the random disturbance used to avoid linear decrease from stagnation. It is usually taken as a small value, such as 0.05. randn() generates random numbers from a standard normal distribution.

[0080] It should be noted that by adding degree-of-freedom constraints and mirror collision avoidance constraints when updating individual optimal solutions, the degree-of-freedom constraints ensure that the adjustment range of the mirrors is within a reasonable range, avoiding ineffective reflection of sunlight or impact on system performance due to excessively large or small angles. The mirror collision avoidance constraints prevent collisions during mirror angle adjustment, protecting the safety of the mirror array and improving the stability and reliability of the system. Adaptive inertial weights can balance global exploration and local exploitation. In the initial stage, a larger inertial weight allows particles to maintain a higher velocity, which is beneficial for extensive searching in the solution space and enhances global exploration capabilities. As the system iterates... As iterations proceed, the inertia weight gradually decreases, slowing down the particle speed. This facilitates a refined search within the potential optimal region, improving local exploitation capabilities. It avoids premature convergence (getting trapped in local optima) and accelerates later convergence. By setting random perturbations, the linear decreasing law can be slightly disrupted. This perturbation helps particles escape local optima, preventing the search process from stalling prematurely. Thus, the adaptive inertia weight can automatically adjust the search intensity according to the current iteration state, better adapting to complex optimization problems, resulting in faster convergence speed and higher solution accuracy.

[0081] As an optional embodiment: the second focus tracking method includes:

[0082] Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point's position, and the fiber optic input end's position are collected in advance. A second mapping table between the sun's position and the fiber optic input end's position is established based on the mapping data. In the second focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a non-fixed state.

[0083] During focus tracking, the real-time position of the sun is input into the second mapping table to obtain the position of the optical fiber input end corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current position of the optical fiber input end is adjusted using the corresponding position of the optical fiber input end and the driving mechanism (such as a nanometer-level stepper motor) to enable sunlight to enter the optical fiber input end.

[0084] Specifically, the second mapping table can be updated or calibrated periodically; after obtaining the optical fiber input end position corresponding to the real-time position of the sun, the difference between the corresponding optical fiber input end position and the current optical fiber input end position is obtained, and the current optical fiber input end position is adjusted based on this difference (the adjustment can be performed by the drive mechanism corresponding to the optical fiber input end) so as to realize the introduction of sunlight into the optical fiber input end;

[0085] It should be noted that by pre-collecting mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point position, and the fiber optic input end position, a second mapping table is established, enabling rapid association between the sun's position and the fiber optic input end position. During focusing, the corresponding fiber optic input end position is obtained from the mapping table based on the sun's real-time position, and the non-fixed current fiber optic input end position is adjusted to ensure that sunlight can be accurately introduced into the fiber optic input end. This focusing method is highly flexible and suitable for different layouts and requirements of solar fiber optic systems.

[0086] As an optional embodiment: the focus tracking module further includes:

[0087] When setting the light intensity threshold, if the light intensity is below the threshold, the first tracking focus mode can be used; if the light intensity is greater than or equal to the threshold, either the first tracking focus mode or the second tracking focus mode can be used.

[0088] It should be noted that the light intensity threshold can be set to 500 lux. This threshold is set according to relevant standards for architectural lighting design to ensure visual work efficiency and prevent eye strain. By setting the light intensity threshold and selecting the focusing method according to different situations, the system's performance and efficiency under different lighting conditions are fully considered. When the light intensity is low, the first focusing method is used, which concentrates sunlight collection through the reflector array to increase the light spot intensity at the fiber input end. When the light intensity is high, the first or second focusing method can be selected according to the actual situation, increasing the system's flexibility and adaptability, and enabling efficient sunlight import in different environments.

[0089] As an optional embodiment: in the indoor lighting module:

[0090] The optical splitting system includes: using a mechanical beam splitter or a fixed beam splitter to distribute the sunlight energy at the optical fiber output end to different rooms or areas;

[0091] The principle of a mechanical beam splitter is to use a movable mirror or prism to manually or electrically guide the beam to different output fiber branches.

[0092] The principle of a fixed beam splitter is as follows: a beam splitter prism is used to split the incident light into two beams at a specific ratio (such as 50 / 50, 70 / 30). The beam splitter can be cascaded to achieve multi-path distribution. A beam splitter prism with a high transmittance / reflectance coating is selected to reduce losses. An optical fiber coupled beam splitter is used to distribute the optical power to multiple output optical fibers in a proportional manner.

[0093] The divergence control includes: installing a collimating lens + diffuser combination or a light guide plate at the output end of the optical fiber;

[0094] The principle of the collimating lens + diffuser combination is as follows: the diverging light from the output end of the optical fiber is converted into a collimated beam by a collimating lens (or lens group), and then the collimated beam is irradiated onto a high-quality diffuser (such as frosted glass, milky white acrylic, professional optical diffuser plate (such as microstructure diffuser plate, bulk diffuser material)). Large-area uniform illumination is achieved through scattering. Microstructure diffuser plates can usually provide better uniformity and light transmittance.

[0095] The principle of the light guide plate is as follows: the light guide plate transforms the point / line light source at the output end of the optical fiber into a surface light source, and emits light uniformly from the front through dot scattering;

[0096] It should be noted that in the beam splitting system, mechanical or fixed beam splitters are used to distribute the light energy at the fiber output end to different rooms or areas, achieving a reasonable distribution of solar energy and meeting the lighting needs of different indoor areas. Divergence control, by installing a collimating lens + diffuser combination or light guide plate at the fiber output end, can adjust the divergence angle and distribution of light, making indoor lighting more uniform and comfortable, and improving the quality of indoor lighting.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0098] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only one method, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0099] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0100] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar energy fiber optic transmission system with a fixed lens, characterized in that, include: Lens mounting module, used to fix a convex lens to the exterior wall of a building; The solar position determination module is used to determine the real-time position of the sun through astronomical algorithms; The focus tracking module is used to track the focus according to the real-time position of the sun in order to bring sunlight into the optical fiber input end. The focus tracking includes a first focus tracking method and a second focus tracking method. The first focus tracking method is to install and adjust the reflector array for focus tracking, and the second focus tracking method is to adjust the optical fiber input end for focus tracking. The focal point position formed by the convex lens receiving sunlight is set as the first focal point position. An indoor lighting module for designing the fiber optic output, the design including a beam splitting system and divergence control; The first focus tracking method includes: A mirror array is installed behind the convex lens. Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point position, the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array, and the position of the fiber optic input end is collected in advance. Based on the mapping data, a first mapping relationship table between the sun's position and the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is established. In the first focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a fixed state. During focus tracking, the real-time position of the sun is input into the first mapping table to obtain the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current degree of freedom combination of each mirror in the mirror array is adjusted using the optimal set of degrees of freedom of the corresponding mirror array, so that each mirror reflects the focal spot formed by the convex lens to the fiber input end for superposition, thereby realizing the introduction of sunlight into the fiber input end. The optimal set of degrees of freedom of the mirror array is determined based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The optimal set of degrees of freedom includes the combination of degrees of freedom of each mirror in the mirror array, and each mirror has a corresponding drive mechanism to adjust the degrees of freedom. The specific steps for determining the optimal set of degrees of freedom for the mirror array based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm include: The mirror array is defined as having K mirrors, each mirror having a combination of degrees of freedom, namely pitch and yaw angles. Each particle represents a combination of degrees of freedom of a mirror. The position vector of the particle is defined, and the objective function is defined as maximizing the light spot intensity at the fiber input end. Initialize the particle swarm by randomly generating the initial positions and velocities of N particles; For each particle, calculate its objective function value based on the particle's current combination of degrees of freedom, update the position and velocity of each particle, find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution, stop iterating when any condition is met, and output the global optimal solution, i.e. the optimal combination of degrees of freedom; The process of updating the position and velocity of each particle and finding the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution specifically includes: Define the expressions for the individual optimal solution, the global optimal solution, the expression for updating the particle velocity, and the expression for updating the particle position. Use the defined expressions to update the position and velocity of each particle and find the individual optimal solution and the global optimal solution. The search for the optimal solution for an individual also includes degree-of-freedom constraints and mirror collision avoidance constraints.

2. The fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the lens mounting module: The specifications of the convex lens are set, and the convex lens is embedded and installed on the exterior wall of the building. The convex lens is perpendicular to the ground at 90 degrees, and the surface of the convex lens is coated with an anti-reflective film.

3. The fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the solar position determination module: The GPS module is used to obtain the geographical location, date, and time of the building's exterior wall, and then the SPA algorithm is used to calculate the real-time position of the sun.

4. A fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second focus tracking method includes: Mapping data between the sun's position, the first focal point's position, and the fiber optic input end's position are collected in advance. A second mapping table between the sun's position and the fiber optic input end's position is established based on the mapping data. In the second focusing method, the fiber optic input end is in a non-fixed state. During focusing, the real-time position of the sun is input into the second mapping table to obtain the position of the optical fiber input end corresponding to the real-time position of the sun. The current position of the optical fiber input end is adjusted using the corresponding position of the optical fiber input end and the drive mechanism to enable sunlight to enter the optical fiber input end.

5. A fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The focus tracking module also includes: When setting the light intensity threshold, if the light intensity is below the threshold, the first tracking focus mode can be used; if the light intensity is greater than or equal to the threshold, either the first tracking focus mode or the second tracking focus mode can be used.

6. A fixed-lens solar energy fiber optic transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the indoor lighting module: The optical splitting system includes: using a mechanical beam splitter or a fixed beam splitter to distribute the sunlight energy at the optical fiber output end to different rooms or areas; The divergence control includes: installing a collimating lens + diffuser combination or a light guide plate at the output end of the optical fiber.

Images