Quantitative evaluation method and device for contraposition relation of two-disc same-set sand shale of fault

Abstract

The invention relates to a quantitative evaluation method and device for an opposite relation of two-disc same-set sand shale of a fault. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data of a target work area to draw a top surface structure contour map of a target sand body; carrying out reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion to draw a thickness contour map of the target sand body; analyzing and determining the coordinate, the horizontal fault displacement and the vertical fault displacement of each sampling point at the fault center of the top surface development fault of the target sand body according to the top surface construction contour map; determining coordinate data of two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point of the fault center so as to obtain the average sand body vertical thickness of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point of the fault center; and determining the sand shale contraposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point of the fault center, and carrying out quantitative evaluation on the contraposition relation of the two sets of sand shale in the same set. The method can quantitatively, rapidly and accurately complete the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the contraposition relation of the two-disc same-set sand shale of the fault.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship between two sets of sandstone and mudstone in a fault, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The study of the opposing relationship between sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of a fault is an important part of geological structure analysis and a key link connecting structural geology, oil and gas geology, and hydrogeology.

[0003] Studying the relationship between the opposing sandstones and mudstones on a fault's two sides can reveal the fault's activity and evolutionary history. This relationship can reflect the relative slip direction of the two fault sides. For example, in a normal fault, the opposing mudstones of the hanging wall and sandstones of the footwall may indicate extension; in a reverse fault, the opposing sandstones and mudstones of the footwall may reflect a compressional environment. By comparing the lithologic composition, thickness, and contact interface characteristics of the opposing strata, the fault's activity phase can be inferred. Furthermore, the stratigraphic age of the opposing sandstones directly constrains the timeframe of fault formation (the fault cuts later than the youngest strata in the opposing strata), thereby limiting the stratigraphic age of the fault-cutting strata.

[0004] Studying the relationship between sandstone and mudstone on either side of a fault can assess oil and gas geological conditions and resource potential. Mudstone has low permeability and, when blocked by mudstone, can form a lithologic barrier trap, a favorable location for oil and gas accumulation. For example, when sandstone and mudstone directly oppose each other on either side of a fault, the fault seal is good, favoring oil and gas preservation. However, when sandstone and sandstone directly oppose each other on either side of a fault, they can become oil and gas migration pathways, leading to oil and gas escape. The relationship between sandstone and mudstone on either side of a fault can also reflect the spatial configuration of sedimentary facies, thereby predicting reservoir distribution and accumulation patterns. For example, synsedimentary faults control the direction of debris transport, resulting in the opposition of sandstone on the upth wall and mudstone on the downth wall. This indicates the configuration of favorable reservoirs (sandstone) and source rocks (mudstone), optimizing predictions of accumulation patterns. Furthermore, in terms of dynamic monitoring and program optimization during the oil and gas development phase, the areas where sandstone and mudstone face each other on both sides of a fault may become water channeling channels during the development phase. By combining production dynamic data with a model of the facing relationship, the location of high-permeability channels can be identified. By adjusting the well pattern to avoid the facing area, oil and gas recovery can be improved. Regarding residual oil potential, the closed areas where sandstone and mudstone face each other on both sides of a fault may contain unused residual oil. By re-evaluating the facing relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault, the distribution of residual oil can be clarified, thus achieving stable production in mature oil fields.

[0005] The study of the opposing relationship between sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault can guide hydrogeological and engineering geological analysis: In hydrogeological research, the study of the opposing relationship between sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault can guide groundwater migration and storage evaluation. The opposing relationship between sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault affects the infiltration path of groundwater. The opposing sandstone and sandstone on both sides of the fault may form a water conduction channel, aggravating groundwater penetration; the opposing sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault hinder water flow, which is conducive to groundwater storage; in engineering construction risk assessment, when water conservancy projects and tunnels pass through fault zones, it is necessary to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of the opposing rock types: the opposing sandstone and sandstone on both sides of the fault may cause the fault zone to be broken and have strong permeability, increasing the risk of water inrush or rock instability; the opposing sandstone and mudstone on both sides of the fault may form a relatively stable water barrier, reducing engineering risks.

[0006] In short, the study of the opposing relationship between sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of a fault has irreplaceable scientific value and practical application significance in energy resource development, geological disaster prevention and control, and basic geological research; it plays a core role in oil and gas exploration and development, and is indispensable in fault sealing evaluation, trap identification, reservoir prediction, and development plan optimization.

[0007] In the existing technology, the research methods for determining the opposing relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of the fault are mainly divided into four categories: geological analysis method, geophysical method, numerical simulation method and dynamic monitoring method.

[0008] Geological analysis methods include drilling or logging comparison and formation contact relationship analysis. The drilling or logging comparison method compares well logging curves (such as gamma and resistivity) from adjacent wells to identify duplication or missing formations on the two sides of the fault, and combines lithologic logging to determine the sandstone-shale opposition relationship. This method only reflects the local opposition relationship at the well point and cannot be extended to undrilled areas. It is also prone to multiple solutions, and the similarity of logging curves may lead to lithologic misjudgment (for example, high gamma values ​​may correspond to mudstone or tight sandstone). In addition, it is costly and relies on new drilling data, making it difficult to apply in the early stages of exploration. The formation contact relationship analysis method infers the lithologic configuration of the two sides based on the relationship between stratigraphic sedimentary cycles and fault cutting. This method can only qualitatively determine the sandstone-shale opposition relationship on the two sides of the fault, relying on the experience of geologists and lacking quantitative data support. It also does not consider the evolution of lithologic opposition caused by multiple stages of fault activity.

[0009] Geophysical methods include seismic attribute analysis and fault imaging (FMI) analysis. Seismic attribute analysis uses seismic amplitude, frequency, coherence, and other attributes to identify lithologic characteristics of fault zones. This method can predict lithologic distribution across the entire fault zone. However, its resolution is limited, making it difficult for conventional seismic data to identify sandstone layers smaller than 10 meters. Furthermore, it is highly multi-faceted, meaning the same seismic attribute may correspond to different lithologic combinations. It also relies on geological models and requires calibration with drilling data. FMI analysis uses resistivity imaging logs (such as FMI) to directly identify lithologic scratches and mudstone smears on the fault plane within the wellbore. It can precisely characterize lithologic contacts at the fault point of a single well and determine the thickness of the mudstone smear on the fault plane. However, this method has limited vertical coverage, capturing only the local characteristics of the fault plane (typically only a few meters) along the wellbore trajectory and failing to represent the entire fault. Furthermore, it is costly to operate, requires specialized logging equipment, and complex well conditions (such as wellbore collapse) can cause image distortion.

[0010] Numerical simulation methods primarily refer to fault evolution simulation methods; fault evolution simulation simulates the lithologic opposition between two basins during different geological periods based on the fault growth history, stratigraphic sedimentary sequence, and paleofluid pressure. When analyzing the evolution of fault closure during the reservoir formation period, it can be determined whether the reservoir was in a mudstone-opposed state during oil and gas injection. This method suffers from input parameter uncertainty and requires accurate data on fault displacement history and stratigraphic burial history. Actual data often contain errors (e.g., paleowater depth and erosion volume are difficult to accurately restore). Furthermore, calculations are time-consuming; simulating complex fault basins can take days to weeks, and the results rely on model parameter debugging.

[0011] Dynamic monitoring methods include production dynamic analysis and microseismic monitoring. Production dynamic analysis uses dynamic data such as interwell pressure interference and water content changes to infer fault zone permeability (e.g., rapid water penetration may occur in the area where sandstones on either side of a fault face each other). This method has a significant lag and requires sufficient production data (typically months to years), making it unsuitable for early exploration. Water penetration can be caused by multiple factors, such as reservoir heterogeneity and fracture development, and cannot be solely attributed to sandstone opposition. Furthermore, this method can only qualitatively determine the approximate area where sandstones on either side of a fault face each other, but cannot quantitatively and precisely evaluate the opposing areas. Microseismic monitoring locates high-permeability channels by monitoring microseismic events in fault zones during fracturing or water injection (microseisms in the opposing sandstone areas on both sides of the fault may be induced by fluid seepage). This method is costly and requires the deployment of surface or downhole sensor arrays. It is only applicable to key blocks and has limited signal resolution: low-energy microseismic events may be drowned out by noise, making it difficult to identify small-scale opposing channels. In addition, this method can only make qualitative judgments and cannot achieve quantitative and detailed evaluation.

[0012] Overall, existing techniques for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the opposing sandstones and mudstones on both sides of a fault face challenges such as reliance on the researcher's experience and judgment, high subjectivity, insufficient resolution, large deviations between simulation and reality, overreliance on assumptions and parameters, high costs and long processing times, and an inability to achieve precise quantitative evaluation. Consequently, this approach is unable to accurately and quantitatively characterize the relationship between the opposing sandstones and mudstones on both sides of a fault. With the continuous advancement of oil and gas exploration and development, the demand for refined and quantified exploration results is increasing. The ability to quantitatively characterize and evaluate the relationship between the opposing sandstones and mudstones on both sides of a fault is a pressing issue that demands resolution, impacting the subsequent precise exploration, development, and utilization of oil and gas resources. Summary of the Invention

[0013] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a quantitative evaluation method, computer equipment and computer-readable storage medium for the relationship between the same set of sandstones and mudstones on both sides of a fault, which can achieve quantitative and fine characterization of the relationship between the same set of sandstones and mudstones on both sides of the fault to address the above technical problems.

[0014] A method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship between the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault, the method comprising:

[0015] Acquire 3D seismic data, drilling data, and logging data for the target work area;

[0016] Draw a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body;

[0017] Performing reservoir rock physics analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the drilling data, and the logging data, and drawing a thickness contour map of the target sand body;

[0018] Analyze the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body;

[0019] According to the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body, the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center are obtained;

[0020] Perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0021] Determine the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault according to the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the center of the fault and the average vertical thickness of the sand body at two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0022] According to the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, a quantitative evaluation of the opposition relationship of the two sets of sand-mudstones in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault is determined.

[0023] A device for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone layers on the two sides of a fault, comprising:

[0024] Data acquisition module, used to obtain 3D seismic data, drilling data and logging data of the target work area;

[0025] A contour map drawing module is used to draw a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body;

[0026] an inversion module, configured to perform reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the drilling data, and the logging data, and draw a thickness contour map of the target sand body;

[0027] A contour map analysis module is used to analyze the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body;

[0028] A thickness sampling point coordinate acquisition module is used to obtain the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body according to the coordinates and horizontal fault distance of each sampling point at the fault center;

[0029] A sand body thickness analysis module is used to perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0030] an opposition factor determination module, configured to determine the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault according to the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the center of the fault and the average vertical thickness of the sand body at two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0031] The quantitative evaluation module is used to determine the quantitative evaluation of the two-plate sandstone-mudstone opposition relationship in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point in the fault center according to the sandstone-mudstone opposition factor in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point in the fault center.

[0032] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor implements the steps of the method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault when executing the computer program.

[0033] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault.

[0034] The above-mentioned quantitative evaluation method for the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of the fault obtains the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data of the target work area, draws a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and logging data of the target work area, and obtains the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body; conducts reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data, and draws the thickness contour map of the target sand body; analyzes the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body, and determines the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body; obtains the thickness of each sampling point at the fault center based on the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body. The coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the sampling points; perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center and the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the quantitative evaluation of the opposition relationship of the two-plate sand-mudstone in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center. Therefore, the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone on the two sides of the fault can be completed quantitatively, effectively, quickly and accurately, avoiding the subjectivity of the existing methods. The corresponding opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone at each part of the fault can be quantitatively characterized, thereby improving the accuracy of the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone on the two sides of the fault and reducing the research cycle and cost. It has great application advantages for work areas where faults control reservoirs and thick mudstone and thin sandstone are matched and developed, and can effectively guide the exploration and development practice of oil and gas reservoirs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2This is a T0 image of the top surface of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a top structural contour map of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 2. This is a graph showing the average P-wave impedance interval properties of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 The cross-plot of the actual drilled thickness of the lower-2 sand body and the average longitudinal wave impedance in one embodiment is shown. The fitting relationship between the actual drilled thickness of the lower-2 sand body and the corresponding average longitudinal wave impedance is y=-0.0102x+90.334, and the square of the correlation coefficient is R 2 =0.7082;

[0040] Figure 6 is a vertical thickness contour map of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 7 2. Horizontal fault throw distribution diagram of different parts of the top fault of the Lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 8 2. A vertical fault throw distribution diagram of different parts of the top fault of the Lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a distribution diagram of the thickness sampling points of the two plates of the sand body at the top fault of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 10 : a vertical thickness distribution diagram of the sand body corresponding to the two sand body thickness sampling points at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 11 : is a distribution diagram of the average vertical thickness of the sand body at two sampling points of the sand body thickness at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body in one embodiment;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a distribution diagram of the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault on the top surface of the Lower-2 sand body in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0048] In one embodiment, Figure 1As shown in FIG, a quantitative evaluation method for the relationship between the two sets of sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of a fault is provided. The method is applied to a terminal as an example to illustrate the method, including the following steps:

[0049] Step S220: Acquire 3D seismic data, drilling data, and logging data of the target work area.

[0050] The three-dimensional seismic data volume is obtained by seismic processing of the original seismic data collected through seismic exploration.

[0051] Among them, logging data refers to drilling information including well head, well trajectory, logging curve, and well layer data.

[0052] Among them, the logging curves (such as acoustic transit time (AC), density (DEN), longitudinal impedance (P-imp), spontaneous potential (SP), natural gamma (GR), etc.) are processed by removing outliers and standardizing them.

[0053] Among them, drilling data includes core data, lithologic interpretation data, oil, gas and water interpretation conclusion data, and gas logging data during drilling.

[0054] Step S240 , drawing a contour map based on the 3D seismic data volume and the well logging data of the target work area to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body.

[0055] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area are processed to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body, including:

[0056] Based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area, synthetic seismic record well-seismic calibration is performed to determine the position of the top surface of the target sand body in the target work area on the seismic section and the time-depth relationship at the well point; based on the position of the top surface of the target sand body on the seismic section, the top surface of the target sand body is traced and fault interpretation is performed, and then the top surface horizon of the target sand body is interpolated into 1×1, and the top surface iso-T0 map of the target sand body is created using the top surface horizon of the target sand body interpolated into 1×1; based on the average velocity field created from the time-depth relationship at the well point, the top surface iso-T0 map of the target sand body is calculated to obtain the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body.

[0057] Step S260 , performing reservoir rock physics analysis and reservoir inversion based on the 3D seismic data volume, drilling data, and logging data, and drawing a thickness contour map of the target sand body.

[0058] In one embodiment, reservoir rock physics analysis and reservoir inversion are performed based on a three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data, and well logging data, and a thickness contour map of a target sand body is drawn, including: performing reservoir rock physics analysis based on the drilling data and well logging data to determine reservoir sensitivity parameters; performing reservoir inversion using the three-dimensional seismic data volume, well logging data, and reservoir sensitivity parameters to obtain a reservoir inversion volume; extracting layer attributes of the target sand body using the reservoir inversion volume; performing fitting analysis on the actual drilled sand body thickness of the target sand body at each logging location and the layer attributes of the target sand body to determine the relationship between the thickness and the layer attributes of the target sand body; converting the layer attributes of the target sand body into thickness layer attributes based on the relationship between the thickness and the layer attributes of the target sand body; and gridding the thickness layer attributes of the target sand body to create a thickness contour map of the target sand body.

[0059] Among them, reservoir sensitive parameters are analyzed through reservoir rock physics analysis using drilling data and logging data to determine which parameter can better identify sandstone and mudstone, thereby determining the parameter as a reservoir sensitive parameter.

[0060] In one example, if reservoir rock physics analysis using drilling data and logging data confirms that longitudinal wave impedance can better identify sandstone and mudstone, the reservoir sensitive parameter is longitudinal wave impedance.

[0061] In one example, if reservoir petrophysical analysis is conducted using drilling data and logging data to determine whether spontaneous potential (SP), natural gamma ray (GR), or density (DEN) can better identify sandstone and mudstone, then the reservoir sensitive parameters are spontaneous potential (SP), natural gamma ray (GR), or density (DEN).

[0062] Step S280 , analyzing the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body.

[0063] In one embodiment, an analysis is performed based on a top surface structural contour map of a target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of a fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body, including: re-gridding the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body using a fast inverse distance weighted method according to a preset grid encryption number, smoothing number, and maximum search radius to obtain a gridded top surface structural contour map; and performing statistical analysis based on a preset statistical step size parameter and the gridded top surface structural contour map to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center of a fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body.

[0064] The preset number of grid encryption times can be determined according to the precision requirement, and the number of grid encryption times can be set to 4, 5, or 6, etc.

[0065] Among them, the preset maximum search radius can be determined according to actual needs, and the maximum search radius can be set to 7 meters, 8 meters or 9 meters, etc.

[0066] The preset number of smoothing times can be determined according to actual needs, and the number of smoothing times can be set to 9, 10, or 11, etc.

[0067] Step S300 , based on the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the target sand body top surface, obtain the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center.

[0068] In one embodiment, based on the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the target sand body, coordinate data of two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center are obtained, including:

[0069] Taking the coordinates of each sampling point at the center of the fault on the top surface of the target sand body as the base point and the horizontal fault throw at each sampling point as the vertical expansion radius, the coordinates corresponding to each sampling point are expanded toward the two sides of the fault to obtain the coordinate data of the two-side sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0070] Among them, when the orientation of the line connecting the head and tail of the fault center is northeast-southwest (i.e., 0° < azimuth of the fault strike < 90° or 180° < azimuth of the fault strike < 270°), the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located northwest of the fault center base point are:

[0071]

[0072] The coordinates of the sand body thickness sampling point located southeast of the fault center base point are:

[0073]

[0074] When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is northwest-southeast (i.e., 90° < azimuth of the fault strike < 180° or 270° < azimuth of the fault strike < 360°), the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located northeast of the base point of the fault center are:

[0075]

[0076] The coordinates of the sand body thickness sampling point located southwest of the fault center base point are:

[0077]

[0078] When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is east-west (i.e., the azimuth of the fault strike = 90° or 270°), the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located north of the fault center base point are:

[0079] (X1, Y1+H1), ..., (X n-1 , Y n-1 +H n-1 ), (X n , Y n +H n )

[0080] The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located south of the fault center base point are:

[0081] (X1, Y1-H1), ..., (X n-1 , Y n-1 -H n-1 ), (X n , Y n -H n )

[0082] When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is in the south-north direction (i.e., the azimuth of the fault strike = 0° (360°) or 180°), the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located west of the fault center base point are:

[0083] (X1-H1, Y1), ..., (X n-1 -H n-1 , Y n-1 ), (X n -H n , Y n )

[0084] The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located east of the fault center base point are:

[0085] (X1+H1,Y1),……,(X n-1 +H n-1 , Y n-1 ), (X n +H n , Y n )

[0086] Among them, (X1, Y1) is the coordinate of the first sampling point at the fault center, (X n-1 , Y n-1 ) is the coordinate of the n-1th sampling point at the fault center, (X n , Y n ) is the coordinate of the nth sampling point at the fault center, n is the total number of sampling points at the fault center, H1 is the horizontal fault distance corresponding to the first sampling point at the fault center, H n-1is the horizontal fault throw corresponding to the n-1th sampling point at the fault center, H n is the horizontal fault throw corresponding to the nth sampling point at the fault center.

[0087] Step S320 , performing sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sets of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, and obtaining the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sets of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center.

[0088] In one embodiment, a sand body thickness analysis is performed based on a thickness contour map of the target sand body and coordinate data of two sets of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center to obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sets of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, including:

[0089] Add an error column to the data table consisting of the coordinate data of the two-disc sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; set all the data in the error column to 0, and organize the three columns of data in the data table, namely, the X coordinate, Y coordinate, and error column, into the thickness error well point attribute data of the two-disc sand body at the fault center; use the error analysis method to calculate the error of the thickness contour map of the target sand body based on the thickness error well point attribute data of the two-disc sand body at the fault center, and obtain the vertical thickness of the sand body at the rising plate sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the downthrown plate sand body thickness sampling point corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the average vertical thickness of the two-disc sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the vertical thickness of the sand body at the rising plate sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the downthrown plate sand body thickness sampling point, where the average vertical thickness of the two-disc sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center is:

[0090]

[0091] in, is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the uplift wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center, is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the downthrown wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center.

[0092] Among them, all the data in the error column are set to 0, and the three columns of data, namely, the X coordinate, Y coordinate and error column in the data table, are sorted into the thickness error well point attribute data of the two sand bodies in the center of the fault, that is: all the data in the error column are set to 0, and the X coordinate, Y coordinate and error column in the data table are processed into the data format required for the error analysis method.

[0093] It should be understood that the vertical thickness value of the sand body marked in the thickness contour map of the target sand body is the distribution of sandstone thickness after gridding. In order to use a computer program to extract the vertical thickness of the sand body corresponding to a certain thickness sampling point from the thickness contour map of the target sand body, a certain X coordinate and Y coordinate in the data table are used as the coordinates of a certain thickness sampling point. The vertical thickness of the sand body at the thickness sampling point can be found from the thickness contour map of the target sand body through the coordinates of the thickness sampling point. By setting all the data in the error column to 0, the error analysis method is used to subtract the vertical thickness of the sand body at the thickness sampling point in the thickness contour map of the target sand body from the corresponding value of the thickness sampling point in the error column to obtain the absolute error. Since the data in the error column is set to 0, the error analysis method is used to find the corresponding vertical thickness of the sand body in the thickness contour map of the target sand body from the corresponding value of the thickness sampling point in the error column (which is 0). The absolute error obtained is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the thickness sampling point in the thickness contour map of the target sand body, which is equivalent to extracting the vertical thickness value of the sand body at the thickness sampling point in the thickness contour map of the target sand body. The obtained vertical thickness value of the sand body does not change. Therefore, the error analysis method is used to calculate the error of the thickness contour map of the target sand body, so as to calculate the absolute error of each thickness sampling point as the vertical thickness of the sand body at each thickness sampling point.

[0094] Step S340 , determining the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center and the average vertical thickness of the sand body of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center.

[0095] Among them, sandstone and mudstone refer to sandstone and mudstone.

[0096] In one embodiment, the expression of the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault region corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center is: i∈1, 2, 3…n, where ψ i is the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; V i is the vertical fault distance of the i-th sampling point at the fault center, It is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center.

[0097] Step S360 , determining a quantitative evaluation of the opposing relationship of two sets of sand and mud rocks in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center according to the sand and mud rock opposing factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center.

[0098] In one embodiment, a quantitative evaluation of the opposing relationship of two sets of sandstones and mudstones in the fault region corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center is determined based on the sandstone-mudstone opposing factor of the fault region corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, including:

[0099] When the fault center i-th sampling point corresponds to the sand-shale opposition factor ψ i When ≥0, it means that the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault is greater than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies of the two plates corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault completely disconnects the same set of sand bodies in the two plates, and the same set of sand and mud in the two plates in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault are completely opposite, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault is highly sealed;

[0100] When the fault center i-th sampling point corresponds to the sand-shale opposition factor ψ i When ψ is less than 0, it means that the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the fault center is less than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies in the two sand bodies corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center does not completely disconnect the same set of sand bodies in the two sand bodies, and there are some sand-mud opposites and some sand-sand opposites in the two sand bodies in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center, indicating that the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is weak; and ψ i The smaller the negative value, the smaller the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the fault center is, the more dominant the two-plate sand-sand opposition is in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center, and the weaker the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is.

[0101] The above-mentioned quantitative evaluation method for the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of the fault obtains the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data of the target work area, draws a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and logging data of the target work area, and obtains the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body; conducts reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data, and draws the thickness contour map of the target sand body; analyzes the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body, and determines the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body; obtains the thickness of each sampling point at the fault center based on the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body. The coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the sampling points; perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center and the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the quantitative evaluation of the opposition relationship of the two-plate sand-mudstone in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center. Therefore, the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone on the two sides of the fault can be completed quantitatively, effectively, quickly and accurately, avoiding the subjectivity of the existing methods. The corresponding opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone at each part of the fault can be quantitatively characterized, thereby improving the accuracy of the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone on the two sides of the fault and reducing the research cycle and cost. It has great application advantages for work areas where faults control reservoirs and thick mudstone and thin sandstone are matched and developed, and can effectively guide the exploration and development practice of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0102] In one embodiment, taking a clastic reservoir development area of ​​an oil field as an example, the quantitative evaluation of the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault is carried out according to the specific implementation steps of the above-mentioned method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault, as follows:

[0103] (1) Obtain 3D seismic data, drilling data, and logging data for the target work area, conduct comprehensive interpretation of seismic data for the target strata, and draw a structural contour map of the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body:

[0104] Acquire the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data of the target work area; complete the synthetic seismic record well-seismic calibration to determine the position of the top surface of the target sand body on the seismic profile and the time-depth relationship at the well point. In this embodiment, the lower-2 sand body is selected as the target sand body for example, and the top surface layer tracking and fault interpretation of the lower-2 sand body are completed. The layer interpretation accuracy reaches at least 4×4. Then, the top surface layer of the target sand body is interpolated into 1×1 to obtain the top surface layer and fault polygon of the lower-2 sand body; the top surface layer of the lower-2 sand body interpolated into 1×1 is gridded, and the top surface fault polygon of the lower-2 sand body is selected to map, and the following is created: Figure 2 The top surface equal T0 map of the target sand body shown in the figure is used to create an average velocity field using the time-depth relationship at the well point. The top surface equal T0 map of the target sand body is then calculated using the average velocity field as shown in the figure. Figure 3 The top structural contour map of the target sand body is shown in Figure 1, where Figure 3 The area surrounded by the red line in the middle is the fault area on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body, which can be specifically realized through SMI software.

[0105] (2) Carry out reservoir sensitive parameter optimization and reservoir prediction work, and draw the thickness contour map of the Xia-2 sand body:

[0106] Based on the logging data and drilling data, the reservoir rock physics analysis was carried out to clarify that the sensitive parameter of the reservoir in the study area is the P-wave impedance, that is, the P-wave impedance can better identify sandstone and mudstone; the reservoir inversion work was completed using the 3D seismic data body, logging data and P-wave impedance curve to obtain the waveform indication inversion body, which can be specifically realized by SMI software; the P-wave impedance layer attribute of the lower-2 sand body was extracted using the waveform indication inversion body, and the following information was extracted: Figure 4 The P-wave impedance interval attribute value of the lower-2 sand body at the well location is shown in FIG. 1 , and the P-wave impedance interval attribute value is the average P-wave impedance value. The thickness of the actual drilled lower-2 sand body at the well location is intersected with the P-wave impedance interval attribute value of the lower-2 sand body to determine the following: Figure 5 The fitting relationship between the thickness of the Lower-2 sand body and the average P-wave impedance is shown in the figure. The P-wave impedance interval attribute of the Lower-2 sand body is converted into the thickness interval attribute of the Lower-2 sand body using this relationship. The thickness interval attribute of the Lower-2 sand body is then gridded, and the top surface fault polygon of the Lower-2 sand body is selected to create the following Figure 6 The thickness contour map of the lower-2 sand body is shown, where Figure 6 The area enclosed by the red line in the middle is the fault area on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body.

[0107] (3) Using the top structural contour map of the Xia-2 sand body, calculate the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw of all sampling points at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body:

[0108] Set suitable grid encryption number of times, smoothing number of times and maximum search radius, reuse the fast inverse distance weighted method to grid the top surface structural contour map of the lower -2 sand body, obtain the top surface structural contour map of the lower -2 sand body after the re-gridding process, specifically can be realized by double fox software; then utilize the top surface structural contour map of the lower -2 sand body after the re-gridding process to set suitable statistical step length parameter (the statistical step length parameter that the present embodiment arranges is 20m), calculate the coordinates (i.e. X coordinate and Y coordinate), horizontal fault distance, vertical fault distance corresponding to all sampling points of the statistical fault center; then organize the coordinates, horizontal fault distance, vertical fault distance of all sampling points into well point attribute data and visualize and display and obtain as shown below Figure 7 The horizontal fault throw distribution diagram of different parts of the top fault of the Xia-2 sand body shown in the figure and Figure 8 The vertical fault throw distribution at different locations on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body is shown.

[0109] (4) Using the coordinates and horizontal fault offset data of all sampling points at the fault center, the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center are calculated:

[0110] Taking the coordinates of each sampling point at the center of the fault as the base point and the horizontal fault throw at the sampling point as the vertical expansion radius, the coordinates of each sampling point at the center of the fault are expanded toward the two sides of the fault respectively, and the coordinate data of the thickness sampling points of the two sides of the sand body corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault are obtained. Because the orientation of the connecting line of the center of the fault in the study area is NE-SW (northeast-southwest) (0° < azimuth of the fault strike < 90°), the coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body to the NW (northwest) part of the base point of the fault center and the coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body to the SE (southeast) part of the base point of the fault center are obtained;

[0111] The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body NW of the fault center base point are:

[0112]

[0113] The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body on the SE side of the fault center base point are:

[0114]

[0115] Among them, the coordinates of all sampling points in the fault center are (X1, Y1), ..., (X n-1 , Y n-1 ), (X n , Y n ), n is an integer representing the total number of sampling points; H1, ..., H n-1 , H n is the horizontal fault throw corresponding to all sampling points at the fault center.

[0116] The coordinates of all sampling points at the fault center on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body, the coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body NW of the fault center base point, and the coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body SE of the fault center base point are shown in Table 1:

[0117] Table 1. Coordinate data of the sampling points at the center of the fault on the top of the Xia-2 sand body and the thickness sampling points of the two sand bodies.

[0118]

[0119] The coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body at the NW part of the fault center base point on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body and the coordinates of the thickness sampling points of the sand body at the SE part of the fault center base point are sorted into well location data and visualized to obtain the following: Figure 9 The distribution map of the thickness sampling points of the two sides of the sand body on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body is shown, where: Figure 9 The area surrounded by the red line is the fault area on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body, and the green points on both sides of the fault area are thickness sampling points.

[0120] (5) Using the thickness contour map of the lower-2 sand body, calculate the average vertical thickness of the sand body at each sampling point in the fault center corresponding to the two sand body thickness sampling points:

[0121] Add an error column to the coordinate data table of the sampling point at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body and the thickness sampling points of the two-plate sand body, set all the corresponding error column data to 0, and organize the X coordinate, Y coordinate, and error columns in the coordinate data table of the sampling point at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body and the thickness sampling points of the two-plate sand body into the thickness error well point attribute data of the two-plate sand body at the center of the fault; then use the thickness error well point attribute data of the two-plate sand body at the center of the fault to calculate the error of the thickness contour map of the lower-2 sand body, and obtain the thickness of the two-plate sand body at the fault. The absolute error data of the thickness of the sampling points (i.e., the vertical thickness of the sand body at the uplift sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the downlift sand body thickness sampling point corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center); according to the vertical thickness of the sand body at the uplift sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the downlift sand body thickness sampling point corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center is determined; among which, the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center is:

[0122]

[0123] in, is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the uplift wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center, is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the downthrown wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center.

[0124] The vertical thickness of the sand body corresponding to the two sand body thickness sampling points at the center of the fault on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body is sorted into well point attribute data and visualized to obtain the following Figure 10 The vertical thickness distribution diagram of the sand body corresponding to the two sand body thickness sampling points at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body is shown; the average vertical thickness of the sand body thickness sampling points at the two sand body thickness sampling points at the center of the fault on the top surface of the lower-2 sand body is sorted into well point attribute data and visualized as shown below. Figure 11 The average vertical thickness distribution of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points in the center of the fault on the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body is shown.

[0125] (6) The sandstone-shale opposition factor ψ of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center is calculated using the vertical fault throw and the average vertical thickness of the sandstone thickness sampling points on the two sides of the fault center. i :

[0126] Among them, the expression of the sandstone-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is:

[0127]

[0128] Among them, ψ i is the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; V i is the vertical fault distance of the i-th sampling point at the fault center, It is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center.

[0129] The sand-shale opposition factor ψ of each sampling point in the fault center of the top surface of the Xia-2 sand body corresponds to the fault area i The well point attribute data is sorted and visualized to obtain the following Figure 12 The distribution diagram of the sand-mudstone opposition factor of each sampling point in the fault center of the top surface of the Lower-2 sand body corresponds to the fault area, completing the quantitative characterization of the opposition relationship of the same set of sand and mudstone on the two sides of the fault.

[0130] (7) The fault sandstone-mudstone opposition factor is used to quantitatively evaluate the opposition relationship between the two sets of sandstone and mudstone in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center:

[0131] When ψ iWhen ≥0, it means that the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point at the center of the fault is greater than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies of the two plates corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the center of the fault completely disconnects the same set of sand bodies in the two plates, and the same set of sand and mud in the two plates corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the center of the fault are completely opposite, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the center of the fault is highly sealed.

[0132] When ψ<0, the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point at the fault center is less than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies of the two sand bodies corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center does not completely disconnect the same set of sand bodies in the two sand bodies. There are some sand-mud opposites and some sand-sand opposites in the two sand bodies in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center, indicating that the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center is weak; and ψ i The smaller the negative value, the smaller the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the fault center is, the more dominant the two-plate sand-sand opposition is in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center, and the weaker the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is.

[0133] The distribution diagram of the sand-shale opposition factor corresponding to the fault area at each sampling point on the top fault center of the Xia-2 sand body (e.g. Figure 12 The above figure shows the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone in the fault area and the sandstone and mudstone in the fault center. The quantitative evaluation method of the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone in the fault area and the sandstone and mudstone in the fault center can be used to quickly determine the magnitude of the sandstone and mudstone opposition factors in the fault area at different locations of the fault. The quantitative evaluation method of the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone in the fault area and the sandstone and mudstone in the fault center can be used to complete the quantitative evaluation of the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone in the fault area.

[0134] The above-mentioned quantitative evaluation method for the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of the fault obtains the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data of the target work area, draws a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and logging data of the target work area, and obtains the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body; conducts reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, drilling data and logging data, and draws the thickness contour map of the target sand body; analyzes the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body, and determines the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body; obtains the thickness of each sampling point at the fault center based on the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body. The coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the sampling points; perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center and the average vertical thickness of the two-plate sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; determine the quantitative evaluation of the opposition relationship of the two-plate sand-mudstone in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center based on the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center. This quantitative evaluation method for the opposing relationship between the same set of sand and mudstone on both sides of a fault can quantitatively, effectively, quickly and accurately complete the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship between the same set of sand and mudstone on both sides of a fault in the target sand body, avoiding the subjectivity of existing methods. It can quantitatively characterize the opposing relationship between the same set of sand and mudstone corresponding to each part of the fault, improve the accuracy of the quantitative characterization and evaluation of the opposing relationship between the same set of sand and mudstone on both sides of a fault, and reduce the research cycle and cost. It has great application advantages in work areas where faults control reservoirs and thick mudstone and thin sandstone are matched and developed, and can effectively guide the exploration and development practice of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0135] It should be understood that although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified in this document, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. In addition, Figure 1 At least part of the steps may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0136] In one embodiment, a device for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone layers on the two sides of a fault is provided, comprising:

[0137] Data acquisition module, used to obtain 3D seismic data, drilling data and logging data of the target work area;

[0138] The contour map drawing module is used to draw contour maps based on the 3D seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area to obtain the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body;

[0139] The inversion module is used to perform reservoir rock physics analysis and reservoir inversion based on 3D seismic data, drilling data, and logging data, and to draw thickness contour maps of target sand bodies;

[0140] The contour map analysis module is used to analyze the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body;

[0141] The thickness sampling point coordinate acquisition module is used to obtain the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body according to the coordinates and horizontal fault distance of each sampling point at the fault center;

[0142] The sand body thickness analysis module is used to analyze the sand body thickness based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center;

[0143] The opposition factor determination module is used to determine the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault based on the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the center of the fault and the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault;

[0144] The quantitative evaluation module is used to determine the quantitative evaluation of the two-plate sandstone-mudstone opposition relationship of each sampling point in the fault center corresponding to the fault area based on the sandstone-mudstone opposition factor of each sampling point in the fault center corresponding to the fault area.

[0145] The specific limitations of the device for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the opposing sandstone and mudstone layers of two fault discs can be found in the limitations of the method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the opposing sandstone and mudstone layers of two fault discs described above and will not be further elaborated here. Each module in the aforementioned device for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the opposing sandstone and mudstone layers of two fault discs can be implemented in whole or in part via software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each of these modules can be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in hardware form, or stored in a computer device memory in software form, allowing the processor to call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0146] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault are implemented.

[0147] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault are implemented.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0149] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0150] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of a fault, characterized by: The quantitative evaluation method for the opposing relationship between the same set of sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of the fault includes: Acquire 3D seismic data, drilling data, and logging data for the target work area; Draw a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body; Performing reservoir rock physics analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the drilling data, and the logging data, and drawing a thickness contour map of the target sand body; Analyze the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body; According to the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body, the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center are obtained; Perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault; Determine the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault according to the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the center of the fault and the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault; According to the sand-mudstone opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, a quantitative evaluation of the opposition relationship of the two sets of sand-mudstones in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault is determined.

2. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on the two sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The performing of reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the drilling data, and the logging data, and drawing a thickness contour map of the target sand body, includes: Conducting reservoir rock physical analysis based on the drilling data and the logging data to determine reservoir sensitive parameters; Performing reservoir inversion using the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the well logging data, and the reservoir sensitive parameters to obtain a reservoir inversion volume; Extracting the layer attributes of the target sand body using the reservoir inversion body; Performing a fitting analysis on the actual drilled sand body thickness of the target sand body at each logging location and the layer attributes of the target sand body to determine the relationship between the thickness of the target sand body and the layer attributes; According to the relationship between the thickness of the target sand body and the layer attributes, the layer attributes of the target sand body are converted into thickness layer attributes; The thickness layer attributes of the target sand body are gridded to create a thickness contour map of the target sand body.

3. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analyzing according to the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body includes: According to the preset grid encryption times, smoothing times and maximum search radius, the top surface structural contour map of the target sand body is re-gridded using a fast inverse distance weighted method to obtain a gridded top surface structural contour map; Statistical analysis is performed based on preset statistical step parameters and the top surface structural contour map after gridding to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw, and vertical fault throw corresponding to each sampling point of the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body.

4. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining coordinate data of two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body according to the coordinates and horizontal fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center includes: Taking the coordinates of each sampling point at the center of the fault on the top surface of the target sand body as the base point and the horizontal fault throw at each sampling point as the vertical expansion radius, the coordinates corresponding to each sampling point are expanded toward the two sides of the fault to obtain the coordinate data of the two-side sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault; Among them, when the orientation of the line connecting the head and tail of the fault center is northeast-southwest, the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located northwest of the fault center base point are: The coordinates of the sand body thickness sampling point located southeast of the fault center base point are: When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is northwest-southeast, the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located northeast of the fault center base point are: The coordinates of the sand body thickness sampling point located southwest of the fault center base point are: When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is east-west, the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located north of the fault center base point are: (X1,Y1+H1),......,(X n-1 ,Y n-1 +H n-1 ),(X n ,Y n +H n ) The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located south of the fault center base point are: (X1,Y1-H1),......,(X n-1 ,Y n-1 -H n-1 ),(X n ,Y n -H n ) When the orientation of the line connecting the center of the fault is in the south-north direction, the coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located west of the fault center base point are: (X1-H1,Y1),......,(X n-1 -H n-1 ,Y n-1 ),(X n -H n ,Y n ) The coordinates of the thickness sampling point of the sand body located east of the fault center base point are: (X1+H1,Y1),......,(X n-1 +H n-1 ,Y n-1 ),(X n +H n ,Y n ) Among them, (X1, Y1) is the coordinate of the first sampling point at the fault center, (X n-1 , Y n-1 ) is the coordinate of the n-1th sampling point at the fault center, (X n , Y n ) is the coordinate of the nth sampling point at the fault center, n is the total number of sampling points at the fault center, H1 is the horizontal fault distance corresponding to the first sampling point at the fault center, H n-1 is the horizontal fault throw corresponding to the n-1th sampling point at the fault center, H n is the horizontal fault throw corresponding to the nth sampling point at the fault center.

5. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sand body thickness analysis is performed based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two disks of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, to obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body of the two disks of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, including: Add an error column to the data table consisting of the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center; All the data in the error column are set to 0, and the three columns of data, namely, the X coordinate, the Y coordinate and the error column in the data table, are sorted into the thickness error well point attribute data of the two sand bodies at the center of the fault; According to the thickness error well point attribute data of the two sand bodies in the center of the fault, the error analysis method is used to calculate the error of the thickness contour map of the target sand body, and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the rising sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the descending sand body thickness sampling point corresponding to each sampling point in the center of the fault are obtained; According to the vertical thickness of the sand body at the rising plate sand body thickness sampling point and the vertical thickness of the sand body at the falling plate sand body thickness sampling point corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center, the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two plates of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center is determined, wherein the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two plates of sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center is: in, is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the uplift wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center, is the vertical thickness of the sand body at the sampling point of the downthrown wall corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center.

6. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone on both sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The expression of the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is: Among them, ψ i is the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center; V i is the vertical fault distance of the i-th sampling point at the fault center, It is the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to the i-th sampling point at the fault center.

7. The method for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the sandstone and mudstone layers on the two sides of a fault according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the quantitative evaluation of the opposing relationship of two sets of sandstones and mudstones in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault based on the sandstone-mudstone opposing factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault comprises: When the fault center i-th sampling point corresponds to the sand-shale opposition factor ψ i When ≥0, it means that the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault is greater than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies of the two plates corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault completely disconnects the same set of sand bodies in the two plates, and the same set of sand and mud in the two plates in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault are completely opposite, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the center of the fault is highly sealed; When the fault center i-th sampling point corresponds to the sand-shale opposition factor ψ i When ψ is less than 0, it means that the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the fault center is less than the average vertical thickness of the sand bodies in the two sand bodies corresponding to the i-th sampling point, indicating that the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center does not completely disconnect the same set of sand bodies in the two sand bodies, and there are some sand-mud opposites and some sand-sand opposites in the two sand bodies in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center, indicating that the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is weak; and ψ i The smaller the negative value, the smaller the vertical fault throw of the i-th sampling point in the fault center is, the more dominant the two-plate sand-sand opposition is in the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center, and the weaker the sealing of the fault area corresponding to the i-th sampling point in the fault center is.

8. A device for quantitatively evaluating the relationship between the two sets of sandstone and mudstone on the same side of a fault, characterized by: include: Data acquisition module, used to obtain 3D seismic data, drilling data and logging data of the target work area; A contour map drawing module is used to draw a contour map based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume and well logging data of the target work area to obtain a top surface structural contour map of the target sand body; an inversion module, configured to perform reservoir rock physical analysis and reservoir inversion based on the three-dimensional seismic data volume, the drilling data, and the logging data, and draw a thickness contour map of the target sand body; A contour map analysis module is used to analyze the top structural contour map of the target sand body to determine the coordinates, horizontal fault throw and vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body; A thickness sampling point coordinate acquisition module is used to obtain the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the fault center of the fault developed on the top surface of the target sand body according to the coordinates and horizontal fault distance of each sampling point at the fault center; A sand body thickness analysis module is used to perform sand body thickness analysis based on the thickness contour map of the target sand body and the coordinate data of the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault, and obtain the average vertical thickness of the sand body at the two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault; an opposition factor determination module, configured to determine the sand-shale opposition factor of the fault area corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault according to the vertical fault throw of each sampling point at the center of the fault and the average vertical thickness of the sand body at two sand body thickness sampling points corresponding to each sampling point at the center of the fault; The quantitative evaluation module is used to determine the quantitative evaluation of the two-plate sandstone-mudstone opposition relationship in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point in the fault center according to the sandstone-mudstone opposition factor in the fault area corresponding to each sampling point in the fault center.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of the same set of sandstone and mudstone on two sides of a fault according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for quantitatively evaluating the opposing relationship of sandstone and mudstone in the same set of two sides of a fault according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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