Mountain river bed sand difference calculation method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a mountain river bed sand difference calculation method, and relates to the technical field of bed sand difference measurement, and the method comprises the steps: dividing bed sand of a target river reach into different plaque regions; calculating the area of each bed sand plaque, and calculating the standard deviation Stdarea of the area of the bed sand plaque; calculating a grading curve of each bed sand patch; calculating corresponding characteristic particle sizes D84 and D16 and a sorting coefficient D84 / D16 for each grading curve; the difference Stdsize of the sorting coefficients is calculated; stdarea and Stdsize are used for jointly measuring the bed sand difference of the target river reach. By adopting the scheme, the bed sand difference can be accurately measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bed-sand difference measurement, and in particular to a method and device for calculating bed-sand difference in mountainous rivers. Background Art

[0002] Because mountain rivers have wide sediment gradations and significant spatial variability, accurately measuring bed sediment gradation and its spatial variability is crucial for understanding water-sediment dynamics, benthic habitat characteristics, and flood risk. Existing methods for calculating sediment variability cannot fully reflect this variability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, the first purpose of this application is to propose a method for calculating the bed-sand differences of mountain rivers, which can accurately measure the bed-sand differences.

[0005] The second purpose of this application is to provide a device for calculating the differences in river bed sediment in mountainous areas.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a method for calculating the difference of bed sand in mountainous rivers, including: dividing the bed sand of the target river section into different patch areas; calculating the area of ​​each bed sand patch, and calculating the standard deviation Std of the bed sand patch area. area ; Calculate the gradation curve of each bed sand patch; Calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each gradation curve 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ; Calculate the difference in sorting coefficient Std size ; Using Std area 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a device for calculating the difference of river bed sand in mountainous areas, comprising: a patch area division module for dividing the river bed sand into different patch areas; a first calculation module for calculating the area of ​​each river bed sand patch and calculating the standard deviation Std of the river bed sand patch area; area The second calculation module is used to calculate the gradation curve of each bed sand patch; the third calculation module is used to calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each gradation curve 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ; The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the sorting coefficient difference Std size ; Difference measurement module for using Stdarea 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

[0008] The method and device for calculating bed sand differences in mountainous rivers in the embodiments of the present application take into account the extremely high spatial heterogeneity of sediment in mountainous rivers and the presence of bed sand patches with obvious differences in sediment grading in different regions. By calculating the standard deviation of the area of ​​the bed sand patches and the standard deviation of the patch sorting coefficient, the bed sand differences in the river section are measured, thereby realizing the bed sand difference measurement that takes into account the bed sand patches in mountainous rivers and can comprehensively reflect the bed sand differences.

[0009] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0011] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for calculating differences in bed sediment in mountainous rivers provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of different bed sand characteristic patches on the riverbed;

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for calculating the difference in bed sediment of a mountain river provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0015] The following describes a method and apparatus for calculating river bed sediment differences in mountainous areas according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for calculating the differences in river bed sediment in mountainous areas provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG, the method for calculating the difference of river bed sediment in mountainous areas includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 101, dividing the target riverbed sand into different patch areas;

[0019] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown in the data, the spatial heterogeneity of sediment in mountainous rivers is extremely high, and there are bed sand patches with obvious differences in sediment gradation in different areas. These bed sand patches are formed by different hydrodynamic and gravity transport processes, which is of great significance for evaluating the water and sediment dynamic characteristics, benthic habitat characteristics and flood risks of this river section.

[0020] In this embodiment, the bed sand is divided into several bed sand patch areas A1, A2, ..., A i , where i is the bed sand patch number.

[0021] Step 102: Calculate the area of ​​each bed sand patch and the standard deviation of the bed sand patch area. area ;

[0022] In this implementation, the i-th bed sand patch A i The area is Area i .

[0023] Step 103, calculating the gradation curve of each bed sand patch;

[0024] In this embodiment, the gradation curve is calculated using existing image methods, statistical methods, screening methods, laser methods, etc.

[0025] In this embodiment, the bed sand patch areas A1, A2, ..., A i The corresponding grading curves are B1, B2, ..., B i .

[0026] Step 104: Calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each grading curve. 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ;

[0027] In this embodiment, D 84 、D 16 Indicates the sediment particle size corresponding to the 84% and 16% weight percentages in the gradation curve;

[0028] In this embodiment, the gradation curves B1, B2, ..., B i The sorting coefficient is (D 84 / D 16 )1,(D 84 / D 16 )2,......,(D 84 / D 16 ) i , where D 84 / D 16 Indicates D84 and D 16 ratio.

[0029] Step 105, calculate the sorting coefficient difference Std size ;

[0030] In this embodiment, the sorting coefficient difference Std suze , that is (D 84 / D 16 )1,(D 84 / D 16 )2,......,(D 84 / D 16 ) i The standard deviation of .

[0031] Step 106, using Std area 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

[0032] In this embodiment, the larger the values ​​of the above two indicators are, the more active the riverbed evolution is in that section of the river, and the more diverse the habitat of benthic organisms is. Specifically,

[0033] Std area Small, Std size If it is small, it means that the difference of bed sand is small, the riverbed is very stable, and the water flow resistance is large;

[0034] Std area Big, Std size Small, indicating that the bed sand difference is small and the riverbed is relatively stable;

[0035] Std area Small, Std size Large indicates that the river channel has a wide sediment supply distribution, large temporal and spatial differences, diverse biological habitats, and the river channel is dynamically adjusting;

[0036] Std area Big, Std size Large means that the bed sand has great differences, the riverbed is relatively unstable, and the diversity of biological habitats is greater.

[0037] The method for calculating the bed sand differences of mountain rivers in the embodiment of the present application takes into account the extremely high spatial heterogeneity of sediment in mountain rivers and the existence of bed sand patches with obvious differences in sediment grading in different areas. By calculating the standard deviation of the area of ​​the bed sand patches and the standard deviation of the patch sorting coefficient, the bed sand differences of the river section are measured, thereby realizing the bed sand difference measurement that takes into account the bed sand patches of mountain rivers and can comprehensively reflect the bed sand differences.

[0038] In order to implement the above embodiment, the present application also proposes a device for calculating the difference of river bed sediment in mountainous areas.

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for calculating the difference in bed sediment of a mountain river provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the device for calculating the difference of river bed sediment in mountainous areas includes:

[0041] The patch area division module is used to divide the target riverbed sand into different patch areas;

[0042] The first calculation module is used to calculate the area of ​​each bed sand patch and the standard deviation Std of the bed sand patch area. area ;

[0043] The second calculation module is used to calculate the gradation curve of each bed sand patch;

[0044] The third calculation module is used to calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each grading curve. 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ;

[0045] The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the sorting coefficient difference Std size ;

[0046] Dissimilarity measure module for using Std area 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the gradation curve B is calculated. i The corresponding characteristic particle size D 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient (D 84 / D 16 ) i ,include:

[0048] Select grading curve B i The sediment particle size D corresponding to the 84% and 16% weight percentages 84 、D 16 ;

[0049] Calculate D 84 With D 16 The ratio of is used as grading curve B i The sorting coefficient (D 84 / D 16 ) i .

[0050] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the sorting coefficient difference Stdsize is the standard deviation of the sorting coefficient among different bed sand patches.

[0051] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, Std area 、Std size Commonly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section, including:

[0052] If Std area 、Std size All of them are smaller than the corresponding thresholds, indicating that the target riverbed has small differences in sediment, the riverbed is stable, and the flow resistance is large;

[0053] If Std area Greater than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is less than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the difference in bed sediment in the target river section is small and the riverbed is stable;

[0054] If Std area Less than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is greater than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the target river section has large temporal and spatial differences in sediment supply and width, has diverse biological habitats, and is undergoing dynamic river channel adjustment.

[0055] If Std area 、Std size All of them are greater than the corresponding thresholds, indicating that the target river section has large differences in bed sediment, unstable riverbed, and diverse biological habitats.

[0056] It should be noted that the above explanations of the embodiment of the method for calculating the differences in bed-sediment of a mountain river are also applicable to the device for calculating the differences in bed-sediment of a mountain river of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0058] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0060] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in another suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0061] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used to implement: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0063] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0064] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Persons skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the differences in river bed sediment in mountainous areas, characterized in that: include: Divide the bed sand of the target river section into different patch areas; Calculate the area of ​​each bed sand patch and calculate the standard deviation Std of the bed sand patch area area ; Calculate the gradation curve of each bed sand patch; Calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each grading curve 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ; Calculate the sorting coefficient difference Std size ; Using Std area 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Calculate gradation curve B i The corresponding characteristic particle size D 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient (D 84 D 16 ) i ,include: Select grading curve B i The sediment particle size D corresponding to the 84% and 16% weight percentages 84 、D 16 ; Calculate D 84 With D 16 The ratio of is used as grading curve B i The sorting coefficient (D 84 / D 16 ) i .

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sorting coefficient variability Std size is the standard deviation of the sorting coefficient among different bed sand patches.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The use of Std area 、Std size Commonly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section, including: If Std area 、Std size All of them are smaller than the corresponding thresholds, indicating that the target riverbed has small differences in sediment, the riverbed is stable, and the flow resistance is large; If Std area Greater than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is less than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the difference in bed sediment in the target river section is small and the riverbed is stable; If Std area Less than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is greater than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the target river section has large temporal and spatial differences in sediment supply and width, has diverse biological habitats, and is undergoing dynamic river channel adjustment. If Std area 、Std size All of them are greater than the corresponding thresholds, indicating that the target river section has large differences in bed sediment, unstable riverbed, and diverse biological habitats.

5. A device for calculating the difference of river bed sediment in mountainous areas, characterized in that: include: The patch area division module is used to divide the target riverbed sand into different patch areas; The first calculation module is used to calculate the area of ​​each bed sand patch and the standard deviation Std of the bed sand patch area. area ; The second calculation module is used to calculate the gradation curve of each bed sand patch; The third calculation module is used to calculate the corresponding characteristic particle size D for each grading curve. 84 、D 1+ and sorting coefficient D 84 / D 16 ; The fourth calculation module is used to calculate the sorting coefficient difference Std size ; Dissimilarity measure module for using Std area 、Std size Jointly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that Calculate gradation curve B i The corresponding characteristic particle size D 84 、D 16 and sorting coefficient (D 84 / D 16 ) i ,include: Select grading curve B i The sediment particle size D corresponding to the 84% and 16% weight percentages 84 、D 16 ; Calculate D 84 With D 16 The ratio of is used as grading curve B i The sorting coefficient (D 84 / D 16 ) i .

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The sorting coefficient variability Std size is the standard deviation of the sorting coefficient among different bed sand patches.

8. The device according to claim 5, wherein The use of Std area 、Std size Commonly measure the differences in bed sediment in the target river section, including: If Std area 、Std size All of them are smaller than the corresponding thresholds, indicating that the target riverbed has small differences in sediment, the riverbed is stable, and the flow resistance is large; If Std area Greater than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is less than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the difference in bed sediment in the target river section is small and the riverbed is stable; If Std area Less than the corresponding threshold, Std size If the value is greater than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the target river section has large temporal and spatial differences in sediment supply and width, has diverse biological habitats, and is undergoing dynamic river channel adjustment. If Std area 、Std size If all of them are greater than the corresponding threshold, it is judged that the target river section has large differences in bed sediment, unstable riverbed, and diverse biological habitats.

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