Online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line monitoring system based on an RF MESH communication technology, and relates to the field of Internet of Things. A monitoring node, a relay node, a gateway node and terminal equipment are arranged to form the monitoring system; the monitoring node is responsible for collecting data, the power management module is responsible for supplying power, and the microprocessor module calculates an optimal path of data transmission; the relay node is used for expanding network coverage, when signals are poor, the radio frequency amplification module enhances the signals, and the route optimization module adjusts a path; and the gateway node is responsible for protocol conversion, data caching and data transmission adaptive to different terminal interfaces. The terminal equipment is responsible for receiving, processing and storing data; the system screens paths according to the principle of least hop count + strongest signal + lowest node energy consumption, automatically performs fault detection, route recalculation and signal enhancement when a link fails or the signal is abnormal, ensures stable transmission of data, and realizes efficient monitoring and management of a monitored area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Internet of Things, and in particular to an online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of factory production and environmental monitoring, the demand for online monitoring continues to grow. Traditional monitoring systems are difficult to meet the requirements of accurate monitoring and reliable data transmission in complex situations due to problems such as fixed network architecture, insufficient communication flexibility, and limited energy supply. Monitoring nodes mostly use a single frequency band for communication, which is prone to signal blind spots in complex terrain or large-area detection areas. There is a lack of dynamic path optimization mechanism. When the data transmission link is interfered with or fails, the data transmission delay is high or even interrupted. The energy supply is affected by the battery capacity and it is difficult to support long-term operation. The traditional gateway node communication protocol is single and has no data caching capability. It is difficult to cope with communication interruptions. With the development of wireless communication technology and sensor technology, RF MESH communication technology, with its self-organizing, multi-hop transmission network architecture, provides a strong guarantee for the current monitoring of complex situations. RF MESH supports dynamic node interconnection and path optimization adjustment, effectively reducing the data transmission failure rate, providing an innovative solution for long-term and stable monitoring in complex scenarios, and has broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology, the online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology comprising four parts: a monitoring node, a gateway node, a relay node, and a terminal device:

[0005] The monitoring node includes a sensor module, a microprocessor module, a radio frequency communication module and a power management module, which are distributed in the monitored area and are responsible for collecting data from the monitored area;

[0006] The relay node includes a main control module, a radio frequency amplification module, and a routing optimization module, and is distributed between monitoring nodes to expand network coverage;

[0007] The gateway node includes a protocol conversion module, a data cache module, and an external interface module, and is set at the edge of the monitoring network as a data aggregation point for the entire monitoring system;

[0008] The terminal equipment includes a Cisco server, a virtual machine, and a master station system, which are responsible for data reception, processing, and storage.

[0009] The monitoring node relies on the power management module to obtain energy from the environment and stores it in an energy storage unit composed of solid-state lithium batteries, providing a power basis for node startup and long-term operation; after the node is started, the sensor module begins to collect environmental parameters of the monitored area and converts the environmental parameters into electrical signals and inputs them into the microprocessor module.

[0010] After the electrical signal enters the microprocessor module, the microprocessor module calculates the electrical signal data through the embedded self-organizing algorithm unit, generates a dynamic topology table, updates the link status changes in real time, and determines when "minimum number of hops + strongest signal + lowest node energy consumption" is used as the comprehensive evaluation index. All feasible paths from the current node to the gateway node are screened from the topology table, and the comprehensive evaluation index data is processed according to the index normalization processing method to determine the optimal path. The calculation method is:

[0011]

[0012] Where x a represents the normalized value of the hop count, t represents the actual hop count, and t max The maximum number of hops allowed is 5;

[0013]

[0014] Where x b is the normalized value of signal strength, RSSI real The actual signal strength value is based on the typical value of the frequency band, RSSI min The minimum value of the typical value of the frequency band, RSSI max is the maximum value of the typical value of the frequency band;

[0015]

[0016] Where xc is the node energy consumption, Q reamin is the average remaining power of the node, Q0 is the full power, Q min For the lowest power link, Q now is the current path power consumption;

[0017] According to the preset weight ratio of the scene, α represents the signal strength weight ratio, β represents the signal strength weight ratio, and γ represents the node energy consumption weight ratio;

[0018] z=α×x a +β×x b +γ×x c ;

[0019] Where z represents the path priority, and the path with the highest path priority is the optimal path.

[0020] If the optimal path requires cross-frequency transmission, the RF communication module is controlled to select the corresponding frequency band by switching the switch, and the data frame is encapsulated. Finally, the data is sent to the RF communication module. If the signal coverage is insufficient, the relay node multi-hop forwarding mechanism is triggered, so that the data can be efficiently transmitted to the gateway node along the optimal path.

[0021] The routing optimization module continuously monitors information from monitoring nodes and other relay nodes, receives routing request packets from monitoring nodes, obtains source node, destination node, hop limit data, and the optimal path calculated by the monitoring node. The routing optimization module sends Beacon frames containing node status to adjacent nodes every 200ms. If there is no reply for more than three times, it is considered a fault. When the relay node receives five consecutive ACK timeouts or the decoding error rate is greater than 30% when forwarding data, it determines that the link is disconnected. The routing optimization module uses the local routing discovery mechanism of the AODC-SAR protocol to send RREQ messages to the upstream and downstream of the faulty node to confirm the fault location and adjust the path through local routing recalculation.

[0022] The calculation method is: the number of hops on the new path ≤ the number of hops on the original path + 2, the RSSI between the candidate node and the current relay node ≥ -100dBm, and then the path is adjusted according to the path priority calculation formula.

[0023] The RF amplification module receives the control signal of the main control module and the weak RF signals from the monitoring node and other relay nodes. After receiving the signal, it filters it and then amplifies the power of the filtered signal according to the preset amplification factor and the instructions of the main control module.

[0024] When the relay node receives data from the monitoring node, if its own RF module detects that the signal strength is less than the receiving sensitivity -109dBm or the decoding error rate is greater than 10%, it will feedback to the monitoring node that "the signal is weak and needs to be strengthened" and send a report to the main control module. The main control module of the relay node controls the routing optimization module to adjust the path, and at the same time enhances the signal strength through the RF amplification module, and relays the data in a multi-hop transmission manner.

[0025] Receive wireless data from monitoring nodes and relay nodes, identify the underlying communication protocol used by the data through the protocol analysis module, convert heterogeneous data into a unified intermediate format according to the preset protocol mapping rules, and encapsulate the intermediate format data into the target protocol.

[0026] The external interface module monitors the connection status of each physical interface. When the protocol conversion module completes the data format unification and protocol adaptation, the external interface module selects the corresponding interface according to the communication mode of the terminal device, encapsulates the data into a format that complies with the interface specification and sends it to the terminal device.

[0027] When the external interface module detects an abnormality in the physical interface, it immediately stores the data packets to be uploaded into the cache queue in the order of reception, and records the timestamp and target address information of the data. During the caching period, it monitors the communication recovery status at all times. When the external interface module confirms that the terminal communication is normal, the cache module extracts the data packets in sequence according to the first-in-first-out principle, transfers them to the external interface module for sending, and deletes the sent data from the cache after confirming successful sending.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the STM32 F102 microcontroller has three asynchronous transceivers: UART1, UART2, and UART3, which are used for communication between Iport and MESH, communication between microcontroller and 433 module, and communication between microcontroller and SP3485 respectively. The I2C interface is directly connected to the bottom interface for sensor connection, JTAG is used for program debugging, and the tractor communication port is connected to the Iprot converter through LAN to realize data transmission. SPI1 is connected to FLASH&FRAM for data storage, and SP2 is connected to NRSE3000 for data encryption.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Through the design of dual-band antennas and RF switching, the optimal communication frequency band can be intelligently selected in complex electromagnetic environments, avoiding communication interruptions caused by congestion in a single frequency band channel, and significantly improving the network's anti-interference ability and stability;

[0031] 2. The routing optimization module dynamically adjusts data forwarding paths based on a comprehensive evaluation of multiple parameters. Compared with traditional fixed-path solutions, it effectively reduces network latency and improves data transmission efficiency. It is particularly suitable for large-scale node deployment in wide-area scenarios.

[0032] 3. The coordinated design of the energy harvesting unit and energy storage unit of the battery management module enables the monitoring node to operate for a long time on ambient energy without external power supply, reducing maintenance costs and improving the sustainability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of an online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a module distribution diagram of an online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The monitoring node includes a sensor module, a microprocessor module, a radio frequency communication module and a power management module, which are distributed in the monitored area and are responsible for collecting data from the monitored area;

[0037] The relay node includes a main control module, a radio frequency amplification module, and a routing optimization module, and is distributed between monitoring nodes to expand network coverage;

[0038] The gateway node includes a protocol conversion module, a data cache module, and an external interface module, and is set at the edge of the monitoring network as a data aggregation point for the entire monitoring system;

[0039] The terminal equipment includes a Cisco server, a virtual machine, and a master station system, which are responsible for data reception, processing, and storage.

[0040] The monitoring node relies on the power management module to obtain energy from the environment and stores it in an energy storage unit composed of solid-state lithium batteries, providing a power basis for node startup and long-term operation; after the node is started, the sensor module begins to collect environmental parameters of the monitored area and converts the environmental parameters into electrical signals and inputs them into the microprocessor module.

[0041] After the electrical signal enters the microprocessor module, the microprocessor module calculates the electrical signal data through the embedded self-organizing algorithm unit, generates a dynamic topology table, updates the link status changes in real time, and determines when "minimum number of hops + strongest signal + lowest node energy consumption" is used as the comprehensive evaluation index. All feasible paths from the current node to the gateway node are screened from the topology table, and the comprehensive evaluation index data is processed according to the index normalization processing method to determine the optimal path. The calculation method is:

[0042]

[0043] Where x a represents the normalized value of the hop count, t represents the actual hop count, and t max The maximum number of hops allowed is 5;

[0044]

[0045] Where x b is the normalized value of signal strength, RSSI real The actual signal strength value is based on the typical value of the frequency band, RSSImin The minimum value of the typical value of the frequency band, RSSI max is the maximum value of the typical value of the frequency band;

[0046]

[0047] Where xc is the node energy consumption, Q reamin is the average remaining power of the node, Q0 is the full power, Q min For the lowest power link, Q now is the current path power consumption;

[0048] According to the preset weight ratio of the scene, α represents the signal strength weight ratio, β represents the signal strength weight ratio, and γ represents the node energy consumption weight ratio;

[0049] z=α×x a +β×x b +γ×x c ;

[0050] Where z represents the path priority, and the path with the highest path priority is the optimal path.

[0051] If the optimal path requires cross-frequency transmission, the RF communication module is controlled to select the corresponding frequency band by switching the switch, and the data frame is encapsulated. Finally, the data is sent to the RF communication module. If the signal coverage is insufficient, the relay node multi-hop forwarding mechanism is triggered, so that the data can be efficiently transmitted to the gateway node along the optimal path.

[0052] The routing optimization module continuously monitors information from monitoring nodes and other relay nodes, receives routing request packets from monitoring nodes, obtains source node, destination node, hop limit data, and the optimal path calculated by the monitoring node. The routing optimization module sends Beacon frames containing node status to adjacent nodes every 200ms. If there is no reply for more than three times, it is considered a fault. When the relay node receives five consecutive ACK timeouts or the decoding error rate is greater than 30% when forwarding data, it determines that the link is disconnected. The routing optimization module uses the local routing discovery mechanism of the AODC-SAR protocol to send RREQ messages to the upstream and downstream of the faulty node to confirm the fault location and adjust the path through local routing recalculation.

[0053] The calculation method is: the number of hops on the new path ≤ the number of hops on the original path + 2, the RSSI between the candidate node and the current relay node ≥ -100dBm, and then the path is adjusted according to the path priority calculation formula.

[0054] The RF amplification module receives the control signal of the main control module and the weak RF signals from the monitoring node and other relay nodes. After receiving the signal, it filters it and then amplifies the power of the filtered signal according to the preset amplification factor and the instructions of the main control module.

[0055] When the relay node receives data from the monitoring node, if its own RF module detects that the signal strength is less than the receiving sensitivity -109dBm or the decoding error rate is greater than 10%, it will feedback to the monitoring node that "the signal is weak and needs to be strengthened" and send a report to the main control module. The main control module of the relay node controls the routing optimization module to adjust the path, and at the same time enhances the signal strength through the RF amplification module, and relays the data in a multi-hop transmission manner.

[0056] Receive wireless data from monitoring nodes and relay nodes, identify the underlying communication protocol used by the data through the protocol analysis module, convert heterogeneous data into a unified intermediate format according to the preset protocol mapping rules, and encapsulate the intermediate format data into the target protocol.

[0057] The external interface module monitors the connection status of each physical interface. When the protocol conversion module completes the data format unification and protocol adaptation, the external interface module selects the corresponding interface according to the communication mode of the terminal device, encapsulates the data into a format that complies with the interface specification and sends it to the terminal device.

[0058] When the external interface module detects an abnormality in the physical interface, it immediately stores the data packets to be uploaded into the cache queue in the order of reception, and records the timestamp and target address information of the data. During the caching period, it monitors the communication recovery status at all times. When the external interface module confirms that the terminal communication is normal, the cache module extracts the data packets in sequence according to the first-in-first-out principle, transfers them to the external interface module for sending, and deletes the sent data from the cache after confirming successful sending.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the STM32F102 microcontroller has three asynchronous transceivers: UART1, UART2, and UART3, which are used for communication between Iport and MESH, communication between microcontroller and 433 module, and communication between microcontroller and SP3485 respectively. The I2C interface is directly connected to the bottom interface for sensor connection, JTAG is used for program debugging, and the tractor communication port is connected to the Iprot converter through LAN to realize data transmission. SPI 1 is connected to FLASH&FRAM for data storage, and SP2 is connected to NRSE3000 for data encryption.

[0060] Example:

[0061] Monitoring nodes: A monitoring node is deployed every 50 meters in each monitoring area of ​​the park. Each monitoring node is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and a harmful gas sensor, and is connected to a sensor module. The sensor module converts the collected analog signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the microprocessor module. The microprocessor module uses a low-power model with a built-in self-organizing algorithm unit, which is responsible for processing data and calculating the optimal transmission path. The radio frequency communication module uses an independently developed RF MESH module with an operating frequency band of 920MHz. It communicates with the microprocessor module through the UART port, supports the IEEE 802.15.4g protocol and 6LOWPAN networking, and has a receiving sensitivity of -109dBm. The power management module connects the photovoltaic panel and the solid-state lithium battery, uses the charging management chip to manage photovoltaic charging, supports MPPT solar charging control technology, and ensures stable power supply for the node.

[0062] Relay nodes are deployed in areas where monitoring nodes are sparsely distributed or signals are easily obstructed, such as around building corners or near large equipment. The relay node's main control module receives data from monitoring nodes and other relay nodes. When the received signal strength is less than -109dBm or the decoding error rate is greater than 10%, the RF amplifier module filters and amplifies the signal. The RF amplifier module operates at a preset amplification factor and according to the main control module's instructions. The routing optimization module continuously monitors information from surrounding nodes, sending beacon frames containing node status to adjacent nodes every 200ms. If no response is received for more than three times, the adjacent node is deemed faulty. If five consecutive ACK timeouts occur during data forwarding or the decoding error rate exceeds 30%, the AODC-SAR protocol's local route discovery mechanism sends RREQ messages to the upstream and downstream nodes of the faulty node to confirm the fault location. Local route recalculation is then performed to ensure data can continue to be transmitted along the new path (new path hop count ≤ original path hop count + 2, RSSI between the candidate node and the current relay node - 100dBm).

[0063] Gateway nodes are deployed at the edge of the campus network, near the computer room. The gateway node's protocol conversion module receives wireless data from monitoring nodes and relay nodes, identifies the underlying communication protocol (such as the IEEE 802.15.4g protocol for the RF MESH module), and, based on pre-set protocol mapping rules, converts heterogeneous data into a unified JSON intermediate format before encapsulating it in TCP / IP. The data cache module uses an SST25VF016 flash chip and an MB85RS256A FRAM chip to store temporary data. When the external interface module detects a physical interface anomaly, it stores the data packets to be uploaded in a cache queue, records the timestamp and destination address, and transmits them on a first-in, first-out basis once the interface returns to normal. The external interface module uses a ZLG IPORT serial-to-Ethernet converter, which supports AT command operations and TCP / UDP data transmission. It connects to the campus internal network via an RJ45 port and transmits data to terminal devices.

[0064] Terminal equipment: Terminal equipment is installed in the computer room and consists of a Cisco server, a virtual machine, and a master station system. The virtual machine is installed on a physical Cisco server, running Windows Server 2008 and an IP address of 192.168.15.126. The master station system connects to the master station through a collector (IP address 192.168.15.126) and TCP port 9141. The system receives data uploaded by the gateway node, processes it, stores it, and analyzes it for use in generating environmental monitoring reports and displaying real-time monitoring data.

[0065] Software and backend deployment

[0066] Complete the installation and configuration of the relevant software in the virtual machine according to the system requirements. The login address is http: / / 192.168.15.126:9145 / fault.html, and the login name and password are both klfd.

[0067] When the master station is abnormally shut down, follow the steps below to start it: first open "gbSvr_LoRa-Shortcut", select Function->Start Service, then select Function->Configuration Management, and check the port of the TCP connection (such as 9141); then open the relevant programs in sequence (the parts not clearly listed in the document should be operated according to the actual system requirements). After all are started, the master station system is successfully started; finally, use the test tool to establish a TCP client connection to port 9141 of 192.168.15.126 to test whether the TCP connection of the master station is normal. If the connection is successful, it means that the system has started normally and the collector device can be connected to start data collection and processing.

[0068] Data transmission and processing flow

[0069] The sensor modules at the monitoring nodes collect environmental parameters in real time. For example, within the production workshop, temperature and humidity sensors collect temperature and humidity data every second, and hazardous gas sensors collect hazardous gas concentration data every 10 seconds. This collected data is converted into electrical signals and fed into the microprocessor module. The microprocessor module calculates a dynamic topology table based on a self-organizing algorithm. The module determines the optimal transmission path based on a comprehensive evaluation of "fewest hops, strongest signal, and lowest node energy consumption." If the optimal path requires cross-band transmission, the RF communication module switches frequency bands, encapsulates the data frame, and transmits the data.

[0070] If the data signal from the monitoring node is insufficiently covered, the relay node's multi-hop forwarding mechanism is triggered. After receiving the data, if the signal strength or decoding situation is abnormal, the relay node amplifies the signal and adjusts the path before forwarding it, ensuring that the data can be reliably transmitted to the gateway node.

[0071] After the gateway node receives the data, the protocol conversion module performs protocol conversion and data format unification. The external interface module then encapsulates the data into a format that complies with Ethernet interface specifications and sends it to the terminal device's master station system via the campus network. The master station system analyzes and stores the received data in real time. If it detects any abnormal environmental parameters, such as excessive concentrations of hazardous gases, it immediately issues an alarm to notify relevant personnel for action.

[0072] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology, characterized by: The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology includes four parts: monitoring node, gateway node, relay node and terminal device; The monitoring node includes a sensor module, a microprocessor module, a radio frequency communication module and a power management module, which are distributed in the monitored area and are responsible for collecting data from the monitored area; The relay node includes a main control module, a radio frequency amplification module, and a routing optimization module, and is distributed between monitoring nodes to expand network coverage; The gateway node includes a protocol conversion module, a data cache module, and an external interface module, and is set at the edge of the monitoring network as a data aggregation point for the entire monitoring system; The terminal equipment includes a Cisco server, a virtual machine, and a master station system, which are responsible for data reception, processing, and storage.

2. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working process of the power management module and the sensor module in the monitoring node is as follows: The power management module of the monitoring node obtains energy from the environment based on the energy collection unit and stores it in the energy storage unit composed of solid-state lithium batteries, providing a power basis for the node startup and long-term operation; after the node is started, the sensor module begins to collect the environmental parameters of the monitored area and converts the environmental parameters into electrical signals and inputs them into the microprocessor module.

3. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working process of the microprocessor module in the monitoring node is as follows: After the electrical signal enters the microprocessor module, the microprocessor module calculates the electrical signal data through the embedded self-organizing algorithm unit, generates a dynamic topology table, updates the link status changes in real time, and determines when "fewest hops + strongest signal + lowest node energy consumption" is used as the comprehensive evaluation index. All feasible paths from the current node to the gateway node are screened from the topology table, and the comprehensive evaluation index data is processed according to the index normalization processing method to determine the optimal path. The calculation method is: Where x a represents the normalized value of the hop count, t represents the actual hop count, and t max The maximum number of hops allowed is 5; Where x b is the normalized value of signal strength, RSSI real The actual signal strength value is based on the typical value of the frequency band, RSSI min The minimum value of the typical value of the frequency band, RSSI max is the maximum value of the typical value of the frequency band; Where xc is the node energy consumption, Q reamin is the average remaining power of the node, Q0 is the full power, Q min For the lowest power link, Q now is the current path power consumption; According to the preset weight ratio of the scene, α represents the signal strength weight ratio, β represents the signal strength weight ratio, and γ represents the node energy consumption weight ratio; z=α×x a +β×x b +γ×x c ; Where z represents the path priority, and the path with the highest path priority is the optimal path.

4. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working process of the radio frequency communication module in the monitoring node is as follows: If the optimal path requires cross-frequency transmission, the RF communication module is controlled to select the corresponding frequency band by switching the switch, and the data frame is encapsulated. Finally, the data is sent to the RF communication module. If the signal coverage is insufficient, the relay node multi-hop forwarding mechanism is triggered, so that the data can be efficiently transmitted to the gateway node along the optimal path.

5. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The workflow of the routing optimization module in the relay node is as follows: The routing optimization module continuously monitors information from monitoring nodes and other relay nodes, receives routing request packets from monitoring nodes, obtains source node, destination node, hop limit data, and the optimal path calculated by the monitoring node. The routing optimization module sends Beacon frames containing node status to adjacent nodes every 200ms. If there is no reply for more than three times, it is considered a fault. When the relay node receives five consecutive ACK timeouts or the decoding error rate is greater than 30% when forwarding data, it determines that the link is disconnected. The routing optimization module uses the local routing discovery mechanism of the AODC-SAR protocol to send RREQ messages to the upstream and downstream of the faulty node to confirm the fault location and adjust the path through local routing recalculation. The calculation method is: the number of hops on the new path ≤ the number of hops on the original path + 2, the RSSI between the candidate node and the current relay node ≥ -100dBm, and then the path is adjusted according to the path priority calculation formula.

6. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working process of the RF amplification module in the relay node is as follows: The RF amplification module receives the control signal of the main control module and the weak RF signals from the monitoring node and other relay nodes. After receiving the signal, it filters it and then amplifies the power of the filtered signal according to the preset amplification factor and the instructions of the main control module.

7. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The working process of the main control module in the relay node is as follows: When a relay node receives data from a monitoring node, if its own RF module detects a signal strength less than the receiving sensitivity -109dBm or a decoding error rate greater than 10%, it will report "weak signal, need to be strengthened" to the monitoring node and send a report to the main control module. The main control module of the relay node controls the routing optimization module to adjust the path, and at the same time, uses the RF amplification module to enhance the signal strength, relaying the data in a multi-hop transmission manner.

8. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The workflow of the gateway node protocol conversion module is as follows: Receive wireless data from monitoring nodes and relay nodes, identify the underlying communication protocol used by the data through the protocol analysis module, convert heterogeneous data into a unified intermediate format according to the preset protocol mapping rules, and encapsulate the intermediate format data into the target protocol.

9. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working process of the external interface module in the gateway node is as follows: The external interface module monitors the connection status of each physical interface. When the protocol conversion module completes the data format unification and protocol adaptation, the external interface module selects the corresponding interface according to the communication mode of the terminal device, encapsulates the data into a format that complies with the interface specification and sends it to the terminal device.

10. The online monitoring system based on RF MESH communication technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: The workflow of the gateway node data cache module is as follows: When the external interface module detects an abnormality in the physical interface, it immediately stores the data packets to be uploaded into the cache queue in the order of reception, and records the timestamp and target address information of the data. During the caching period, it monitors the communication recovery status at all times. When the external interface module confirms that the terminal communication is normal, the cache module extracts the data packets in sequence according to the first-in-first-out principle, transfers them to the external interface module for sending, and deletes the sent data from the cache after confirming successful sending.

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