Independent small-unit zero-interference strong-sealing PEM electrolytic bath, system and assembly process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and provides an independent small-unit zero-interference strong-sealing PEM electrolytic bath, system and assembly process, the independent small-unit zero-interference strong-sealing PEM electrolytic bath is characterized in that all structures stacked in sequence are provided with positioning pin holes, and the axes of all the positioning pin holes are longitudinally aligned; each small unit reactor comprises a cathode monopole plate and an anode monopole plate which are arranged at two ends, a sealing membrane and a membrane electrode are arranged between the cathode monopole plate and the anode monopole plate, the anode monopole plate is provided with a counter bore, the cathode monopole plate is provided with a screw hole, the sealing membrane and the membrane electrode are provided with through holes, and the centers of the counter bore, the screw hole and the through hole are longitudinally aligned; grooves are formed in the back faces of polar plates of the anode monopolar plate and the cathode monopolar plate, and rubber sealing rings are embedded into the grooves to form a sealing structure, so that the defect that an existing PEM electrolytic bath insulating layer cannot give consideration to sealing performance at the same time can be overcome while a fault unit can be accurately positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and in particular relates to an independent small unit zero-interference strongly sealed PEM electrolyzer, system and assembly process. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Traditional electrolyzers are typically constructed by bolting through all the small units in series. If a unit fails, the entire cell must be disassembled. This disassembly process can cause displacement between components, leading to membrane electrode damage, seal failure, wear of component surface coatings, increased contact resistance, and difficulty in reassembly. In particular, when perforating the membrane electrode and causing gas back-mixing, it's difficult to accurately determine the fault location, necessitating a complete replacement, which significantly increases material and labor costs. Furthermore, during disassembly, the sealing materials inside the cell, especially those in the electrolytic units, deform due to the previous pressing. If these deformed sealing materials are not replaced before the cell is restored, there is a risk of leakage, which increases costs. Furthermore, the insulation between the end plates and electrode plates of conventional PEM electrolyzers is typically sealed and sealed using flat sealing plates made of materials such as PTFE. If the water inlet leaks, and the PTFE sealing plates are too thin, a water cavity may form between the end plate and the electrode lug, easily leading to a short circuit between the end plate and the electrode plate. The thickening of the sealing insulation board can cause deformation under high pressure due to the low compressive strength, poor resilience of PTFE materials. This can cause some of the sealing insulation board to leak out, affecting the appearance. In severe cases, it can affect the sealing of the electrolytic cell, leading to water and gas leakage and causing safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer, each small unit of which is an independent electrolysis unit, and standardized interfaces are set between the units to support rapid replacement, accurately locate the faulty unit, and reduce the impact of repeated disassembly and assembly to an extremely low level. It overcomes the defect that the insulation layer of the existing PEM electrolyzer cannot take into account the sealing performance at the same time, makes the seal between the electrolyzer end plate and the electrode plate tighter, and greatly reduces the probability of water and gas leakage in the electrolyzer.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer, comprising a cathode end plate, a pressure plate, and a cathode sealing assembly, a cathode electrode ear plate, a plurality of independent small unit reactors, an anode electrode ear plate, an anode sealing assembly, and an anode end plate stacked in sequence between the cathode end plate and the pressure plate. Each stacked structure is provided with a positioning pin hole, and the axis of each positioning pin hole is longitudinally aligned. Each small unit reactor includes a cathode monopolar plate and an anode monopolar plate arranged at both ends, a sealing membrane and a membrane electrode are arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the anode monopolar plate, the anode monopolar plate is provided with a countersunk hole, the cathode monopolar plate is provided with a wire hole, the sealing membrane and the membrane electrode are provided with a through hole, and the centers of the countersunk hole, wire hole and through hole are longitudinally aligned; grooves are provided on the back of the anode monopolar plate and the cathode monopolar plate, and rubber sealing rings are embedded in the grooves to form a sealing structure.

[0006] As an embodiment, a cathode sealing membrane, a cathode titanium fiber felt, a membrane electrode, an anode titanium fiber felt and an anode sealing membrane are arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the anode monopolar plate, wherein the cathode sealing membrane is arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the membrane electrode, the anode sealing membrane is arranged between the anode monopolar plate and the membrane electrode, the cathode titanium fiber felt is arranged between the cathode sealing membrane and the membrane electrode, and the anode titanium fiber felt is arranged between the membrane electrode and the anode sealing membrane.

[0007] As an embodiment, the sealing assembly includes a first sealing film, a second sealing film, a sealing insulating plate and a sealing ring; The sealing insulating plate is arranged between the first sealing film and the second sealing film, the upper end of the first sealing film contacts the end plate, and the lower end contacts the electrode ear plate; the sealing insulating plate is provided with an outer ring sealing line, multiple inner ring sealing lines, a hydrogen port sealing line and a water port sealing line, each sealing line is provided with a groove, and a sealing ring is fixed in the groove.

[0008] As an embodiment, the sealed insulating plate is integrally injection-molded using polysulfone material.

[0009] As an embodiment, the sealing lines are all convex V-shaped lines with a width of 0.5 mm and a height of 0.2 mm.

[0010] As an embodiment, the sealing insulating plate includes an anode sealing insulating plate and a cathode sealing insulating plate, and mounting openings for mounting a pressure sensor are provided on the anode sealing insulating plate and the cathode sealing insulating plate.

[0011] As an embodiment, the sealing insulating plate extends beyond the end plate at one side of the electrode ear plate.

[0012] In order to solve the above problems, the second aspect of the present invention provides an independent small unit zero-interference strong sealing PEM electrolysis system, which can ensure that the pressure at each point remains uniform. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An independent small-unit zero-interference strongly sealed PEM electrolysis system comprises a controller, a hydraulic adjustment device and an electrolysis cell as described in the first aspect, wherein the controller is configured to draw a pressure distribution thermodynamic map based on the pressure data obtained at preset points, and control the hydraulic adjustment device to automatically adjust the pressing force based on the pressure distribution thermodynamic map.

[0013] As an embodiment, the controller is configured to: after obtaining the pressure data of each point, perform interpolation to reconstruct the full-section pressure field, and obtain a pressure distribution thermodynamic map based on the reconstructed full-section pressure field.

[0014] In order to solve the above problems, the third aspect of the present invention provides an independent small unit zero-interference strong sealing PEM electrolyzer assembly process, each small unit is an independent electrolysis unit, and standardized interfaces are set between the units to support rapid replacement, accurately locate the faulty unit, and reduce the impact of repeated disassembly and assembly to an extremely low level. It overcomes the defect that the existing PEM electrolyzer insulation layer cannot take into account the sealing performance at the same time, makes the seal between the electrolyzer end plate and the electrode plate tighter, and greatly reduces the probability of water and gas leakage in the electrolyzer.

[0015] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer assembly process includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform pre-treatment of parts preparation, including appearance treatment of the parts of the PEM electrolyzer; perform appearance treatment on the cathode and anode monopolar plates, and after the cathode and anode monopolar plates are dried, fix the matching sealing rings; perform appearance treatment on the sealing parts; after the cathode and anode sealing insulation plates are cleaned and dried, stick the matching sealing rings on the corresponding positions of the sealing insulation plates; Step 2: Prepare membrane electrode; Step 3: Assemble each small unit reactor assembly by stacking the cathode monopolar plate, cathode sealing membrane, cathode titanium fiber felt, membrane electrode, anode titanium fiber felt, anode sealing membrane, and anode monopolar plate in sequence; Step 4: Stack the small unit reactors in sequence, and then assemble the electrolytic cell.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The small-unit zero-interference electrolyzer of the present invention adopts a modular design. The mechanical parts, seals, and small electrolysis units are all equipped with positioning pin holes, which can be quickly installed and disassembled, avoiding the problem of inaccurate positioning of electrolysis cell components. Each electrolysis unit is in a fastened state, and the damaged area can be accurately located. When a damaged unit is replaced alone, it will not affect the internal structure of other electrolysis units. During the installation and maintenance of the electrolysis cell, secondary damage to the catalyst and membrane electrode can be reduced, while reducing maintenance costs and improving system reliability. 2. This invention supports flexible "Lego-style" capacity expansion. After a conventional electrolyzer has been running, if you want to add or remove layers of electrolytic cells, disassembling them will result in a slight increase in power consumption per layer. However, because each electrolytic cell in this invention is individually secured, disassembly does not affect the individual layers of electrolytic cells. Therefore, users can increase or decrease the number of cells according to their hydrogen production needs.

[0017] 3. The sealing assembly of the present invention is tightly pressed together with the sealing line on the sealing insulating plate and the end plate and electrode plate through the sealing film, and coupled with the rubber sealing ring, it plays a double sealing role, making the seal tighter and ensuring the sealing of the electrolytic cell.

[0018] 4. The present invention reserves pressure sensor mounting ports during the injection molding of the sealed insulation board, allowing for the installation of pressure sensors to monitor pressure at various points in real time. This ensures that the pressure at each point remains uniform. This not only ensures uniform bolt tightening during the electrolytic cell installation process, but also allows for the generation of pressure change curves through sensor data collection during equipment installation and operation. Based on real-time monitoring data, risks such as local breakdown and explosion caused by poor electrolytic cell contact, increased power consumption, and other risks can be predicted, prompting immediate shutdown and maintenance upon an alarm.

[0019] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a traditional electrolytic cell; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of each structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention through the positioning pin hole; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of each small unit reactor provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the sealing structure of a conventional PEM electrolysis; Figure 7 A side view of the sealing structure of a conventional PEM electrolysis; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an insulating seal provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of an insulating seal provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode sealing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the sealing insulation plate, the anode end plate and the electrode ear plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of pressure sensors provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Among them, 1. anode end plate, 2. anode sealing assembly, 201. first anode sealing membrane, 202. second anode sealing membrane, 203. anode sealing insulating plate, 204. sealing ring, 3. anode electrode ear plate; 4. Small unit reactor, 401. Cathode monopolar plate, 402. Cathode sealing membrane, 403. Cathode titanium fiber felt, 404. Membrane electrode, 405. Anode titanium fiber felt, 406. Anode sealing membrane, 407. Anode monopolar plate, 408. Bolt, 409. Bolt insulating bushing, 410. Rubber sealing ring, 411. Positioning pin hole, 5. Cathode electrode ear plate, 6. Cathode sealing assembly, 7. Cathode end plate, 8. Press block, 9. Press plate, 10. Base, 11. Conventional anode PTFE insulating plate, 12. Outer ring sealing wire, 13. Inner ring sealing wire, 14. Hydrogen port sealing wire, 15. Water port sealing wire, 16. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention, and do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection," "connected," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly to mean a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary. Relevant researchers or technicians in this field may determine the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 For traditional PEM electrolyzers, such as Figure 1 As shown, the traditional single-tank integrated design has a high production cost. If there is a mistake in the production process, the entire cell may need to be disassembled. Since each electrolytic cell is uniformly fastened by bolts fixing the upper and lower end plates, once the nuts fixing the end plates are loosened during the overall disassembly process, all electrolytic cells will become loose inside. When replacing a faulty electrolytic cell in the middle of the electrolytic cell, the upper electrolytic cell needs to be moved. If there is a mistake in the grasping process, it is very easy to cause the upper electrolytic cell to become misaligned, which may affect power consumption and single-layer sealing. At the same time, mechanical stress during the disassembly process can easily cause the cathode and anode catalyst layers (such as platinum-based materials) to fall off or agglomerate, reducing the electrochemical active area and causing performance degradation. According to the reverse pole experiment data, the collapse of the catalyst structure will increase the internal resistance of the interface, causing abnormal voltage fluctuations (such as polarization curve distortion), and even resulting in a decrease in hydrogen production efficiency; furthermore, when a conventional electrolyzer is disassembled, the sealing materials inside the electrolyzer, especially the electrolysis unit, will be deformed due to the previous pressing. If the deformed sealing materials are not replaced and the electrolyzer is restored, there will be a risk of leakage. If new sealing materials are replaced, the cost will increase.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the PEM electrolyzer includes a cathode end plate 7, a pressure plate 9, and a cathode sealing assembly 6, a cathode electrode ear plate 5, a plurality of small unit reactors 4, an anode electrode ear plate 3, an anode sealing assembly 2, an anode end plate 1 and a pressing block 8 stacked in sequence from bottom to top between the cathode end plate 7 and the pressure plate 9. A base 10 is provided at the bottom of the cathode end plate 7; each structure of the stacked anode end plate 1, anode sealing assembly 2, anode electrode ear plate 3, a plurality of independent small unit reactors 4, cathode electrode ear plate 5, cathode sealing assembly 6 and cathode end plate 7 is provided with a positioning pin hole, and the axis of each positioning pin hole is longitudinally aligned; Preferably, the pressing block 8 is an aluminum pressing block.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, each structure stacked in sequence is provided with a positioning pin hole 411. Specifically, in the stacked structure, a positioning pin with a positioning pin hole 411 is provided on the upper surface of each structure, and a positioning hole with a positioning pin hole 411 is provided at a corresponding position on the lower surface. The installation and positioning of each structure stacked in sequence are achieved by cooperating with the positioning pin of the next layer of structure and the positioning hole of the upper layer of structure.

[0030] Furthermore, the cathode end plate and the pressure plate are used to define the components stacked sequentially between the cathode end plate and the pressure plate by screws; With this arrangement, when a damaged unit needs to be replaced individually, the screw can be disassembled and replaced individually without affecting the interior of other electrolytic units, especially small unit reactors, which are expensive, to avoid damage to them.

[0031] Figure 5 The overall structural diagram of each small unit reactor is as follows: Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the assembly structure of each small unit reactor is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, each small unit reactor 4 includes a cathode monopolar plate 401 and an anode monopolar plate 407 arranged at both ends, and a cathode sealing membrane 402, a cathode titanium fiber felt 403, a membrane electrode 404, an anode titanium fiber felt 405 and an anode sealing membrane 406 are arranged between the cathode monopolar plate 401 and the anode monopolar plate 407, wherein the cathode sealing membrane 402 is arranged between the cathode monopolar plate 401 and the membrane electrode 404, the anode sealing membrane 406 is arranged between the anode monopolar plate 407 and the membrane electrode 404, the cathode titanium fiber felt 403 is arranged between the cathode sealing membrane 402 and the membrane electrode 404, and the anode titanium fiber felt 405 is arranged between the membrane electrode 404 and the anode sealing membrane 406; Furthermore, the anode monopolar plate 407 is provided with a countersunk hole, the cathode monopolar plate 401 is provided with a wire hole at the same position as the countersunk hole on the anode monopolar plate 407, and the cathode sealing membrane 402, membrane electrode 404, and anode sealing membrane 406 are provided with through holes at corresponding positions. Bolts 408 are passed through the bolt insulating bushing 409 and sequentially passed through the countersunk hole, through hole, and wire hole to assemble an independent small unit reactor. Furthermore, grooves are provided on the back of the anode monopolar plate 407 and the cathode monopolar plate 401, and rubber sealing rings 410 are embedded in the grooves to seal the water inlets and hydrogen inlets on the back of the cathode and anode monopolar plates when they are stacked and installed.

[0032] When assembling a small unit reactor, first place the cathode monopolar plate 401 in the center of the pressing device platform, then put the components in the order of cathode monopolar plate 401 → cathode sealing membrane 402 → cathode titanium fiber felt 403 → membrane electrode (MEA) 404 → anode titanium fiber felt 405 → anode sealing membrane 406 → anode monopolar plate 407, use a pressing device to press, add a bolt insulation bushing to the anode end plate countersunk hole as insulation, and then use fixing bolts to tighten. After tightening, an independent electrolysis small unit is formed.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sealing structure of a conventional PEM electrolysis. Figure 7 This is a side view of the sealing structure of a conventional PEM electrolysis, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a conventional PEM electrolyzer uses a flat, sealed insulating plate made of materials such as PTFE for insulation and sealing between the end plate and the electrode tab. If the water outlet leaks, a thin PTFE sealing insulating plate could create a water trap between the end plate and the electrode tab, easily leading to a short circuit between the end plate and the electrode plate. If the sealing insulating plate is thicker, the PTFE material's low compressive strength and poor resilience can cause deformation under high pressure. This can cause some leakage, affecting the aesthetics, or even compressive damage to the electrolyzer's seal, leading to water and gas leaks and potentially causing safety hazards.

[0034] In order to solve the insulation and sealing problem, a new insulation and sealing structure is designed in the embodiment of the present invention. The sealing structure of the anode sealing assembly 2 and the cathode sealing assembly 6 is the same; like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the sealing assembly includes a first sealing membrane, a second sealing membrane, a sealing insulating plate and a sealing ring; the sealing insulating plate is arranged between the first sealing membrane and the second sealing membrane, the upper end of the first sealing membrane is in contact with the end plate, and the lower end is in contact with the electrode ear plate; the sealing insulating plate is provided with an outer ring sealing line, multiple inner ring sealing lines, a hydrogen port sealing line and a water port sealing line, each sealing line is provided with a groove, and a sealing ring is fixed in the groove.

[0035] The anode sealing assembly 2 is taken as an example for description; in order to ensure the sealing performance of the sealing insulating plate, the sealing insulating plate adopts a method of combining a sealing wire with a rubber sealing ring.

[0036] like Figure 10 As shown, the anode sealing assembly 2 includes a first anode sealing membrane 201, a second anode sealing membrane 202, an anode sealing insulating plate 203 and a sealing ring 204; The anode sealing insulating plate 203 is arranged between the first anode sealing membrane 201 and the second anode sealing membrane 202. The upper end of the first anode sealing membrane 201 contacts the anode end plate 1, and the lower end contacts the anode electrode ear plate 3. The anode sealing insulating plate 203 is provided with an outer ring sealing line 12, multiple inner ring sealing lines 13, a hydrogen port sealing line 14 and a water port sealing line 15. Each sealing line is provided with a groove, and a sealing ring 204 is fixed in the groove. Preferably, all sealing lines are convex V-shaped lines with a width of 0.5 mm and a height of 0.2 mm. Depressions are added to the inner and outer sealing lines, bolt holes, and water and air holes on the sealing insulation board to accommodate rubber sealing rings. Glue is then used to bond the polysulfone sealing insulation board and the rubber sealing ring to ensure that the rubber sealing ring does not fall off.

[0037] Preferably, the anode sealing insulating plate in the anode sealing assembly and the cathode sealing assembly is made of polysulfone material by integral injection molding. Since polysulfone material has the characteristics of high strength, high rigidity, and small deformation under long-term load, it can greatly ensure the strength of the sealing insulating plate under high pressure.

[0038] This sealing structure can make the seal between the electrolytic cell end plate and the electrode plate tighter, greatly reducing the probability of water and gas leakage in the electrolytic cell.

[0039] like Figure 11 As shown, when designing the sealed insulating plate, in order to improve the problem of short circuit and conductivity between the end plate and the electrode plate, the size of the side of the sealed insulating plate close to the ear of the electrode ear plate is enlarged, exceeding the size set by the end plate. In this way, even if pure water leaks and flows onto the electrode plate, it will not short-circuit with the end plate.

[0040] Furthermore, a mounting port for installing a pressure sensor can be provided on the anode sealing insulating plate or the cathode insulating sealing plate or both to install the pressure sensor 16 for real-time monitoring of the pressure at each point to ensure that the pressure at each point remains uniform.

[0041] It should be noted that the installation port of the pressure sensor can be installed according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not impose any specific limitation.

[0042] During the installation and tightening process of conventional PEM electrolyzers, even if a torque wrench is used for tightening, there will be uneven force at each point. On the one hand, water and gas leakage will occur, and on the other hand, poor contact of conductive components will occur, resulting in local breakdown and burning, creating the risk of explosion, increased resistance and power consumption, and causing corrosion diffusion and material melting.

[0043] like Figure 12 As shown, to solve the problem of uneven force during bolt tightening, this embodiment reserves a pressure sensor installation port during the injection molding of the sealed insulation board. The pressure sensor is installed to monitor the pressure at each point in real time. After obtaining the pressure data at each point, a real-time pressure distribution heat map can be drawn. Then, the corresponding hydraulic adjustment device is controlled based on the real-time pressure distribution heat map to automatically adjust the clamping force. In this embodiment, after obtaining the pressure data at each point, interpolation is performed to reconstruct the full-section pressure field. For example, based on a limited number of sensor points (150-300 per stack), Kriging interpolation is used to reconstruct the full-section pressure field, and a pressure distribution thermodynamic map is obtained based on the reconstructed full-section pressure field. When controlling the corresponding hydraulic regulating device to automatically adjust the pressing force according to the real-time pressure distribution thermal map, the existing regulating algorithm can be used for implementation.

[0044] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer assembly process, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pretreatment of parts preparation; The specific steps include: Step 101: Perform appearance processing on the parts of the PEM electrolyzer; In this embodiment, the spare parts include the upper end plate, pressure plate, bolts, nuts, cathode and anode electrode ear plates, aluminum pressure blocks, etc.; the appearance treatment includes removing sharp corners and burrs, removing oil stains on the surface and thread holes, cleaning with a detergent, rinsing and drying to ensure the surface is glossy and free of dirt, and smooth installation of each faucet joint; Step 102: Perform appearance treatment on the cathode and anode monopolar plates. After the cathode and anode monopolar plates are dried, fix the matching sealing rings. Specifically, it includes: processing the cathode and anode monopolar plates, removing sharp corners and burrs, washing with detergent, and then using ultrasonic treatment after washing to remove surface oil and fine oxide layers. After the anode and cathode monopolar plates are dried, the matching sealing rings are glued to the corresponding positions of the anode and cathode monopolar plates and wait for the glue to bond; Step 103: Treat the appearance of the seal by washing and drying it with a cleaning agent and removing contaminants with ultrasonic wave. Step 104: After the cathode and anode sealing insulation plates are cleaned and dried, the matching sealing rings are glued to the corresponding positions of the sealing insulation plates and wait for the gluing to be completed.

[0045] Step 2: membrane electrode preparation; Specifically include: Step 201: Soak in 10MΩ ultrapure water for 12 hours to completely release the tension; Step 202: Control the film cutting machine to cut according to the drawing; Step 203: Check the cutting appearance to ensure that there are no burrs on the edge of the cutting and that there is no complete cutting.

[0046] Step 3: small unit reactor assembly; The specific steps include: Step 301 , stacking cathode monopolar plate 401 → cathode sealing membrane 402 → cathode titanium fiber felt 403 → membrane electrode (MEA) 404 → anode titanium fiber felt 405 → anode sealing membrane 406 → anode monopolar plate 407 in sequence; Step 302: Bolt counterbores are provided on the anode plate and threaded holes are provided on the cathode plate. Insulating bushings are added to the anode end plate counterbores for insulation, and then bolts are installed (the bolts do not leak after tightening). Step 303: Press and tighten. The hydraulic press sets the pressing tonnage corresponding to the pressing area and the pressure level. Step 304: Use a torque wrench to tighten the hexagon socket bolts. Step 305: Pre-inspect the small unit and perform pressure testing after stress release to ensure that air tightness is maintained and the compression force is evenly distributed under high pressure, typically 2.0-3.0 MPa.

[0047] Step 4: Stack assembly, with small units stacked in sequence; The specific steps include: Step 401: Install the base on the cathode end plate, and then place the installed cathode end plate horizontally just below the pressing device on the assembly platform; Step 402: Install the pressure sensor sensitive element into the reserved installation opening of the cathode sealing insulation plate, and then pass the connecting wire through the side wall opening; Step 403: sequentially place the cathode sealing film, the cathode sealing insulating plate, and the sealing structure composed of the cathode sealing film, and then place the cathode electrode ear plate; Step 404: The small unit reactors are positioned with positioning pin holes on both sides, and the assembled small unit reactors are stacked in sequence until the required number is reached. Step 405: Place the anode electrode ear plate on the top layer of the stacked small unit reactor, then place the anode sealing membrane, anode sealing insulating plate, and the sealing structure composed of the anode sealing membrane in sequence, and then place the anode end plate, aluminum block, and upper pressing plate in sequence; Step 406: Install a corresponding number of washers and nuts.

[0048] Step 5: Press with servo hydraulic press and tighten bolts; During the bolt tightening process, a pressure sensor is used for real-time detection. The output signal of the pressure sensor should remain basically consistent at each tightening stage (the basis for determining the output signal at each tightening stage is determined by professionals) until the final tightening is completed.

[0049] Specifically, (1) Initial pressure: 10% to 20%, to eliminate gaps between components; (2) Intermediate pressure: 30% to 50%, initial compression of the sealing ring; (3) Final pressure: 100% design pressure (the pressure corresponding to the pressure level setting); (4) Manual pre-tightening (about 20% of the target torque to ensure initial alignment of the bolts); (5) Tighten in a crosswise order (diagonal method) according to the serial number to 50% of the target torque value; (6) Final torque value, tighten in 3 rounds, and release stress after 1 hour interval.

[0050] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer, comprising a cathode end plate, a pressure plate, and a cathode sealing assembly, a cathode electrode ear plate, a plurality of independent small unit reactors, an anode electrode ear plate, an anode sealing assembly, and an anode end plate stacked in sequence from bottom to top between the cathode end plate and the pressure plate, characterized in that: Each structure stacked in sequence is provided with a positioning pin hole, and the axis of each positioning pin hole is longitudinally aligned; Each small unit reactor includes a cathode monopolar plate and an anode monopolar plate arranged at both ends, a sealing membrane and a membrane electrode are arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the anode monopolar plate, the anode monopolar plate is provided with a countersunk hole, the cathode monopolar plate is provided with a wire hole, the sealing membrane and the membrane electrode are provided with a through hole, and the centers of the countersunk hole, wire hole and through hole are longitudinally aligned; grooves are provided on the back of the anode monopolar plate and the cathode monopolar plate, and rubber sealing rings are embedded in the grooves to form a sealing structure.

2. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cathode sealing membrane, a cathode titanium fiber felt, a membrane electrode, an anode titanium fiber felt and an anode sealing membrane are arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the anode monopolar plate, wherein the cathode sealing membrane is arranged between the cathode monopolar plate and the membrane electrode, the anode sealing membrane is arranged between the anode monopolar plate and the membrane electrode, the cathode titanium fiber felt is arranged between the cathode sealing membrane and the membrane electrode, and the anode titanium fiber felt is arranged between the membrane electrode and the anode sealing membrane.

3. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes a first sealing film, a second sealing film, a sealing insulating plate and a sealing ring; The sealing insulating plate is arranged between the first sealing film and the second sealing film, the upper end of the first sealing film contacts the end plate, and the lower end contacts the electrode ear plate; the sealing insulating plate is provided with an outer ring sealing line, multiple inner ring sealing lines, a hydrogen port sealing line and a water port sealing line, each sealing line is provided with a groove, and a sealing ring is fixed in the groove.

4. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing insulation board is made of polysulfone material through integral injection molding.

5. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing lines are all convex V-shaped lines with a width of 0.5 mm and a height of 0.2 mm.

6. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing insulating plate comprises an anode sealing insulating plate and a cathode sealing insulating plate. The anode sealing insulating plate and the cathode sealing insulating plate are provided with mounting openings for mounting a pressure transmitter so as to mount a pressure sensor.

7. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing insulating plate extends beyond the end plate on one side of the electrode ear plate.

8. An independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolysis system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a controller, a hydraulic adjustment device and a PEM electrolyzer as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the controller is configured to draw a pressure distribution thermodynamic map according to the pressure data at the preset points obtained, and control the hydraulic adjustment device to automatically adjust the pressing force based on the pressure distribution thermodynamic map.

9. The independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolysis system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller is configured to: after obtaining the pressure data of each point, perform interpolation to reconstruct the full-section pressure field, and obtain a pressure distribution thermodynamic map based on the reconstructed full-section pressure field.

10. An independent small unit zero-interference strong seal PEM electrolyzer assembly process, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Perform pre-treatment of parts preparation, including appearance treatment of the PEM electrolyzer parts; perform appearance treatment on the cathode and anode monopolar plates, and after the cathode and anode monopolar plates are dried, fix the matching sealing rings; perform appearance treatment on the sealing parts; after the cathode and anode sealing insulating plates are cleaned and dried, stick the matching sealing rings on the corresponding positions of the sealing insulating plates; Step 2: Prepare membrane electrode; Step 3: Assemble each small unit reactor assembly by stacking the cathode monopolar plate, cathode sealing membrane, cathode titanium fiber felt, membrane electrode, anode titanium fiber felt, anode sealing membrane, and anode monopolar plate in sequence; Step 4: Stack the small unit reactors in sequence, and then assemble the electrolytic cell.

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