Decision-making method for dustproof measure effect abnormity of fully mechanized coal mining face

Abstract

The invention relates to a decision-making method for dustproof measure effect abnormity of a fully mechanized coal mining face, and belongs to the field of coal mine dust prevention and control. The method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a fully mechanized coal mining face dustproof measure abnormity decision model; s2, monitoring the dust concentration in the fully mechanized coal mining face, and calculating the dust falling efficiency of the fully mechanized coal mining face; s3, judging whether the dust falling efficiency is abnormal or not, if yes, executing the step S4, and if not, returning to the step S2; and S4, starting an automatic decision-making process according to the abnormal reason. According to the dust falling efficiency, the operation working condition and the operation parameters of the dust-proof equipment, all dust-proof measures are automatically controlled to execute the dust falling measures and adjust the dust falling process parameters, manual operation is not needed, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the method has positive significance in guiding dust prevention and control of a fully mechanized coal mining face and improving the working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of coal mine dust prevention and control, and relates to the technical field of dust disaster monitoring and early warning in underground coal mine excavation working faces, and specifically to a decision-making method for abnormal effects of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces. Background Art

[0002] In the coal mining industry, dust, a major secondary hazard, remains a core threat to underground coal mine safety and the physical and mental health of workers. High concentrations of coal dust not only easily cause pneumoconiosis (especially coal worker pneumoconiosis), severely damaging the respiratory health of frontline miners, but also, when suspended in the air and reaching a certain concentration, it can easily trigger a powerful dust explosion when exposed to a fire source, posing a devastating threat to human life and mine facilities. With advances in mining technology, especially the increasing mechanization and automation of coal mining, the intensity and speed of coal mining have increased significantly. While this has improved production efficiency, it has also led to a sharp increase in dust production in underground workplaces, especially at tunneling working faces. Dust sources are more concentrated and spread more rapidly, posing unprecedented challenges to dust prevention and control.

[0003] Among the many operational processes in underground coal mines, fully mechanized mining faces are the most concentrated and intense dust generators. Dust generation primarily stems from multiple dynamic processes: First, the high-speed rotation of the shearer drum, cutting the coal wall, generates large amounts of primary respirable dust. Second, the crushing, falling, and transportation of the cut coal via scraper conveyors generate secondary dust. Furthermore, the movement of hydraulic supports, including the installation and following of the support, and the lowering and raising of support columns, stirs up dust accumulated in the roadway floor and roof, creating new dust sources. These dust sources are widely distributed, generate large quantities, and are characterized by transient and dynamic changes, making effective dust control in this area a complex, systematic project.

[0004] To address the dust hazards in fully mechanized mining faces, the industry has developed and deployed a series of monitoring and dust reduction technical measures. These technical measures can be roughly divided into the following categories:

[0005] (1) Source control technology: represented by coal seam water injection, which increases the moisture content of the coal body by pre-injecting water into the coal seam to be mined, thereby reducing the dust generation rate at the source stage of cutting and crushing.

[0006] (2) Process suppression technology: This is the most widely used method at present, mainly including various types of spray dust suppression systems. For example, internal and external spray devices are installed on the coal mining machine to directly suppress dust at the cutting point; follow-up spray or regional spray systems are installed on the hydraulic support to cover the entire top control area; and atomizing spray devices are set up at the transfer point and transportation tunnel to capture and settle the dust generated during transportation. Among them, the dust source tracking spray system is a more advanced one. It attempts to identify the location of the dust source through sensors to achieve more accurate spraying.

[0007] (3) Monitoring technology: mainly through the installation of dust concentration sensors (usually based on the principle of light scattering) at key locations on the working surface (such as the return air channel and near the driver's seat) to conduct real-time online monitoring of the dust concentration in the air and alarm when it exceeds the limit.

[0008] Although the above measures have alleviated the dust problem to a certain extent, they generally have deep-seated bottlenecks in actual application, such as low integration, insufficient intelligence, and reliance on manual intervention, resulting in the overall dust reduction efficiency and effect being far from ideal. Specifically, the defects of existing technologies are mainly reflected in:

[0009] (1) System independence and lack of coordination and linkage: Different dust reduction measures (such as coal seam water injection, coal mining machine spraying, support spraying, and roadway spraying) usually operate as independent subsystems, lacking information exchange and strategic coordination between them. For example, the spray system cannot know the effect of coal seam water injection and therefore cannot adjust the spray parameters accordingly; each spray device only works according to a preset fixed mode or simple start-stop logic, and cannot form a coordinated "dust reduction matrix" that targets the dynamic distribution of dust on the entire working surface.

[0010] (2) Extensive control, relying on manual decision-making: The core functions of existing dust monitoring and control systems are limited to "monitoring" and "alarming" rather than "intelligent control." The numerical value of dust concentration is displayed to the operator, but how to adjust the key operating parameters such as the start and stop of the dust suppression equipment, the flow rate, pressure and angle of the spray based on these values ​​depends entirely on the experience and manual operation of the on-site personnel. This open-loop, manually intervened control mode has a delayed response and low accuracy, making it difficult to adapt to the ever-changing dust-producing conditions. It often leads to a situation where "either excessive spraying causes waste and muddying of the tunnel, or untimely dust suppression leads to excessive dust."

[0011] (3) Single decision-making basis and lack of comprehensive judgment: The fundamental problem of existing systems is that they lack the ability to fully perceive and automatically identify the operating status of the entire fully mechanized mining face. An ideal dust control system should make decisions based not only on the single indicator of dust concentration, but also on multi-source heterogeneous information such as the operating status of the coal mining machine (such as position, coal cutting speed, cutting depth), the action of the hydraulic support, the operating load of the scraper conveyor, and ventilation conditions. Due to the inability to effectively integrate and analyze these complex and dynamic working condition information, the existing system cannot make truly intelligent decisions and automatic control. In essence, it still remains at the simple combination stage of "sensor + actuator" rather than an intelligent system.

[0012] Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology in which each dust prevention subsystem "fights on its own", has a rigid control strategy, and relies on manual intervention, and develop a comprehensive dust prevention and control system that can automatically sense the multi-dimensional working conditions of the working face and realize intelligent linkage and closed-loop feedback control of various dust reduction equipment has become a key technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the current field of coal mine safety production. Summary of the Invention

[0013] In light of this, the present invention aims to provide a decision-making method for determining the effectiveness of dust suppression measures in fully mechanized mining faces. This method addresses the existing problem of a lack of automatic identification and decision-making of the operating status of dust suppression equipment in fully mechanized mining faces. This problem results in the system being unable to automatically adjust the operating parameters of each dust suppression device to achieve optimal dust reduction when dust concentration exceeds the standard. This method monitors the dust suppression efficiency of dust suppression equipment and automatically adjusts its operating parameters to achieve optimal dust reduction.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0015] A decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in a fully mechanized mining face specifically comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Establish an abnormal decision-making model for dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces;

[0017] S2: Monitor the dust concentration in the fully mechanized mining working face and calculate the dust reduction efficiency of the fully mechanized mining working face;

[0018] S3: Determine whether the dust reduction efficiency is abnormal, if so, execute step S4, if not, return to step S2;

[0019] S4: Initiate an automated decision-making process based on the cause of the anomaly.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, the dust prevention measures that can be automatically executed by the comprehensive mining working face include coal seam water injection, coal mining machine internal spraying, coal mining machine external spraying, coal mining machine tracking spray system and return air chute spray device; set the normal working parameter range of each dust prevention equipment; and establish collaborative working rules among various dust prevention equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes: using a filter membrane weighing method to measure the dust concentration C1 during production in the fully mechanized mining face when no dust prevention measures are taken;

[0022] Install a dust concentration sensor in the return air chute of the fully mechanized mining face; calculate the average dust concentration C2 of the dust concentration sensor over N minutes, where 1≤N≤30;

[0023] Calculate the dust reduction efficiency η of the fully mechanized mining face monitored by the dust concentration sensor b for:

[0024] Further, step S3 specifically includes: when n b When the value is less than 80%, the dust prevention measures are judged to be abnormal and the automatic decision-making process is started.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S4, the specific steps for starting automatic decision-making are:

[0026] S401: Check whether coal seam water injection has been carried out within 24 hours. If no water has been injected, start the coal seam water injection device to inject water. If it has been started, calculate whether the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is greater than 4%. If not, automatically control the coal seam water injection device to increase the water injection flow rate and injection time.

[0027] S402: Detect whether the spray pressure of the coal mining machine is less than 2 MPa. If so, automatically control the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 2 MPa.

[0028] S403: Detect whether the spray pressure of the shearer's external spray is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically control the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa.

[0029] S404: Detecting whether the spray pressure of the shearer tracking spray system is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically controlling the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa. If not, automatically controlling the shearer tracking spray system to increase the number of sprays on the upwind side and the number of sprays on the downwind side by one each.

[0030] S405: Detecting whether the return air chute spray is on. If not, automatically controlling the spray device to start spraying. If it is on, detecting whether the spray pressure is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically controlling the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa. If not, automatically controlling the spray device to increase the spray time by 10 minutes.

[0031] S406: If it lasts for 1 hour, the dust reduction efficiency η of the fully mechanized mining face b If ≥80% are true, the upwind side spray quantity and the downwind side spray quantity of the automatic control coal mining machine tracking spray system are restored to the default values, and the automatic control return air chute spray device restores the spray time to the default value.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S401, the calculation formula for the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, m1 is the water injection volume within 24 hours, and m2 is the coal production within 24 hours.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S401, the calculation formula for the water injection volume m1 within 24 hours is:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, Q i is the water injection flow rate of the i-th coal seam water injection device; t i is the injection time of the i-th coal seam water injection device, and K is the number of coal seam water injection devices.

[0038] Furthermore, in step S401, the calculation formula for the coal production m2 within 24 hours is:

[0039] m2=ρ×L×H×D×η

[0040] Among them, ρ is the bulk density of coal in the mining face; L is the length of the mining face; H is the height of the mining face; D is the 24-hour mining depth; η is the recovery rate.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] 1) The present invention realizes automatic identification and decision-making of the operating status of dust prevention equipment in the fully mechanized mining working face by establishing an abnormal decision-making model for dust prevention measures in the fully mechanized mining working face, overcomes the shortcomings of manual operation in the existing technology, significantly improves the automation level of dust prevention equipment, and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

[0043] 2) The present invention adopts the filter membrane weighing method and the dust concentration sensor to monitor the dust concentration in real time, and calculates the dust reduction efficiency by the arithmetic mean, thereby realizing the accurate monitoring and dynamic analysis of the dust concentration and ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the dust prevention measures.

[0044] 3) The present invention automatically adjusts key parameters such as coal seam water injection volume and spray pressure based on the monitoring results of dust reduction efficiency, realizes intelligent control of various dust prevention equipment, enables flexible adjustment according to actual working conditions, and effectively solves the problem of low dust reduction efficiency caused by fixed spray information in the existing technology.

[0045] 4) The present invention realizes the organic coordination among various dust prevention equipment through the coordinated control of coal seam water injection, coal mining machine internal spraying, coal mining machine external spraying, coal mining machine tracking spraying system and return air chute spraying device, forming a complete dust prevention and control system, and effectively improving the dust prevention and control efficiency of the fully mechanized mining working face.

[0046] 5) The present invention overcomes the errors caused by human factors through an automated decision-making process and parameter adjustment mechanism without the need for human intervention, improves the accuracy and reliability of dust prevention measures, ensures the safe and efficient operation of the fully mechanized mining working face, and has positive significance for guiding dust prevention and control in the fully mechanized mining working face and improving work efficiency.

[0047] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 A flow chart of a decision-making method for abnormal dust reduction effects of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 Flowchart for automated decision making. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0052] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] See also Figures 1 and 2 This embodiment provides a decision-making method for abnormal dust reduction effects of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Establish an abnormal decision model for dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces.

[0057] The dust prevention measures that can be automatically executed in the fully mechanized mining face include coal seam water injection, coal mining machine internal spraying, coal mining machine external spraying, coal mining machine tracking spraying system and return air chute spraying device. First, set the normal working parameter range of each dust prevention equipment, among which the normal water injection flow range of the coal seam water injection device is 0.5-2.0m 3 / h, with a water injection pressure range of 0.2-0.4 MPa; the shearer internal spray system's spray pressure range of 1.5-3.0 MPa; the shearer external spray system's spray pressure range of 2.5-5.0 MPa; the shearer tracking spray system's spray pressure range of 3.0-6.0 MPa; and the return air chute spray device's spray pressure range of 3.5-6.0 MPa. Then, establish collaborative working rules between the various dust control devices. That is, when dust concentration exceeds the standard, each dust control device will be activated in sequence according to priority until the dust concentration drops to the normal range.

[0058] Step 2: Monitor the dust concentration in the fully mechanized mining working face and calculate the dust reduction efficiency.

[0059] First, the filter membrane weighing method was used to measure the dust concentration C1 during production in the fully mechanized mining face when no dust prevention measures were taken.

[0060] Then, a dust concentration sensor model GCD1000(B) is installed in the return air chute of the fully mechanized mining working face to measure the real-time dust concentration.

[0061] Next, the dust concentration sensor and the arithmetic mean value C2 of the dust concentration in N=15 minutes are calculated.

[0062] Finally, the dust reduction efficiency η of the fully mechanized mining face monitored by the dust concentration sensor is calculated b :

[0063] Step 3: Determine whether the dust reduction efficiency is abnormal.

[0064] If the dust reduction efficiency η b <80%, the dust control measures are judged to be abnormal, the automatic decision-making process is started, and step 4 is executed; if the dust reduction efficiency η b ≥80%, return to step 2 to continue monitoring.

[0065] Step 4: Automatically adjust the operating parameters of the dust prevention equipment according to the abnormal cause.

[0066] First, check whether coal seam water injection is carried out within 24 hours. If not, start the coal seam water injection device with a water injection flow rate of 1.0m 3 / h, the water injection pressure is 0.3MPa; if it is turned on, the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is calculated. If the water injection increment Δ is ≤ 4%, the coal seam water injection device is automatically controlled to increase the water injection flow rate to 1.5m 3 / h, increase the water injection time by 15 minutes; if the water injection increase Δ>4%, maintain the original water injection parameters.

[0067] The calculation formula for the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, m1 is the water injection volume within 24 hours, and m2 is the coal production within 24 hours.

[0070] The calculation formula for the water injection volume m1 within 24 hours is:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, Q i is the water injection flow rate of the i-th coal seam water injection device; t i is the injection time of the i-th coal seam water injection device, and K is the number of coal seam water injection devices.

[0073] The calculation formula for coal production m2 within 24 hours is:

[0074] m2=ρ×L×H×D×η

[0075] Among them, ρ is the bulk density of coal in the mining face; L is the length of the mining face; H is the height of the mining face; D is the 24-hour mining depth; η is the recovery rate.

[0076] Secondly, the spray pressure P1 of the shearer's internal spray system is tested. If P1 is less than 2MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 2.5MPa. If P1 is greater than or equal to 2MPa, the original pressure is maintained. The spray pressure P2 of the shearer's external spray system is tested again. If P2 is less than 4MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 4.5MPa. If P2 is greater than or equal to 4MPa, the external spray system is automatically controlled to increase the number of spray groups by one.

[0077] Next, the shearer tracking spray system's spray pressure P3 is tested. If P3 is less than 4MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 5MPa. If P3 is greater than or equal to 4MPa, the shearer tracking spray system's spray quantity on the upwind side and the downwind side is automatically controlled to increase by one group each. Finally, the return air chute spray device's spray status is tested. If it is not turned on, the spray device is automatically controlled to turn on the spray at a spray pressure of 4.5MPa. If it is turned on, the spray pressure P4 is tested. If P4 is less than 4MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 5MPa. If P4 is greater than or equal to 4MPa, the spray device is automatically controlled to increase the spray time by 10 minutes.

[0078] Finally, if the dust reduction efficiency η is continuously b If the rate is ≥80%, the shearer tracking spray system will automatically control the upwind spray quantity and the downwind spray quantity to return to the initial value, and the return air chute spray device will automatically control the spray time to return to 30 minutes.

[0079] Example 2:

[0080] This embodiment provides a decision-making method for abnormal dust reduction effects of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0081] Step 1: Establish an abnormal decision model for dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces.

[0082] The dust prevention measures that can be automatically executed in the fully mechanized mining face include coal seam water injection, coal mining machine internal spraying, coal mining machine external spraying, coal mining machine tracking spraying system and return air chute spraying device. First, set the normal working parameter range of each dust prevention equipment, among which the normal water injection flow range of the coal seam water injection device is 0.8-2.5m 3 / h, with a water injection pressure range of 0.25-0.35 MPa; the shearer internal spray system's spray pressure range of 1.8-2.8 MPa; the shearer external spray system's spray pressure range of 3.0-5.5 MPa; the shearer tracking spray system's spray pressure range of 3.5-5.5 MPa; and the return air chute spray device's spray pressure range of 4.0-5.5 MPa. Then, establish collaborative working rules between the various dust control devices. That is, when dust concentration exceeds the standard, each dust control device will be activated in sequence according to priority until the dust concentration drops to the normal range.

[0083] Step 2: Monitor the dust concentration in the fully mechanized mining face and calculate the dust reduction efficiency. First, the filter membrane weighing method is used to measure the dust concentration C1 in the fully mechanized mining face during production when no dust prevention measures are taken. Then, a dust concentration sensor model GCD1000(B) is installed in the return air chute of the fully mechanized mining face to measure the real-time dust concentration. Next, calculate the arithmetic mean value C2 of the dust concentration of the dust concentration sensor in N = 20 minutes. Finally, calculate the dust reduction efficiency η of the fully mechanized mining face monitored by the dust concentration sensor b :

[0084] Step 3: Determine whether the dust reduction efficiency is abnormal.

[0085] If the dust reduction efficiency η b <85%, the dust control measures are judged to be abnormal, the automatic decision-making process is started, and step 4 is executed; if the dust reduction efficiency η b ≥85%, return to step 2 and continue monitoring.

[0086] Step 4: Automatically adjust the operating parameters of the dust prevention equipment according to the abnormal reason. First, check whether the coal seam water injection is carried out within 24 hours. If not, open the coal seam water injection device with a water injection flow rate of 1.2m 3 / h, the water injection pressure is 0.28MPa; if it is turned on, the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is calculated. If the water injection increment Δ is ≤ 5%, the coal seam water injection device is automatically controlled to increase the water injection flow rate to 1.8m 3 / h, increase the water injection time by 20 minutes; if the water injection increase Δ>5%, maintain the original water injection parameters.

[0087] Secondly, the spray pressure P1 of the shearer's internal spray system is tested. If P1 is less than 1.8 MPa, the pressure regulator is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 2.2 MPa. If P1 is greater than or equal to 1.8 MPa, the original pressure is maintained. The spray pressure P2 of the shearer's external spray system is tested again. If P2 is less than 3 MPa, the pressure regulator is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 3.5 MPa. If P2 is greater than or equal to 3 MPa, the external spray system is automatically controlled to increase the number of spray groups by one.

[0088] Next, the shearer tracking spray system's spray pressure P3 is tested. If P3 is less than 3.5 MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 4 MPa. If P3 is greater than or equal to 3.5 MPa, the shearer tracking spray system's spray quantity on the upwind side and the downwind side is automatically controlled to increase by one group each. Finally, the return air chute spray device's spray status is tested. If it is not turned on, the spray device is automatically controlled to turn on the spray at a spray pressure of 4 MPa. If it is turned on, the spray pressure P4 is tested. If P4 is less than 4 MPa, the pressure regulating device is automatically controlled to increase the spray pressure to 4.5 MPa. If P4 is greater than or equal to 4 MPa, the spray device is automatically controlled to increase the spray time by 15 minutes.

[0089] Finally, if the dust reduction efficiency η is continuously b If the rate is ≥85%, the shearer tracking spray system will automatically control the upwind spray quantity and the downwind spray quantity to return to the initial value, and the return air chute spray device will automatically control the spray time to 45 minutes.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces, characterized in that: The method specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Establish an abnormal decision-making model for dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces; S2: Monitor the dust concentration in the fully mechanized mining working face and calculate the dust reduction efficiency of the fully mechanized mining working face; S3: Determine whether the dust reduction efficiency is abnormal, if so, execute step S4, if not, return to step S2; S4: Initiate an automated decision-making process based on the cause of the anomaly.

2. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, the dust prevention measures that can be automatically executed by the fully mechanized mining working face include coal seam water injection, shearer internal spraying, shearer external spraying, shearer tracking spray system and return air chute spray device; set the normal working parameter range of each dust prevention equipment; establish the collaborative working rules between each dust prevention equipment.

3. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes: using a filter membrane weighing method to measure the dust concentration C1 during production in the fully mechanized mining face when no dust prevention measures are taken; Install a dust concentration sensor in the return air chute of the fully mechanized mining face; calculate the average dust concentration C2 of the dust concentration sensor over N minutes, where 1≤N≤30; Calculate the dust reduction efficiency η of the fully mechanized mining face monitored by the dust concentration sensor b for:

4. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes: when n b When the value is less than 80%, the dust prevention measures are judged to be abnormal and the automatic decision-making process is started.

5. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S4, the specific steps for starting automatic decision-making are: S401: Check whether coal seam water injection has been carried out within 24 hours. If no water has been injected, start the coal seam water injection device to inject water. If it has been started, calculate whether the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is greater than 4%. If not, automatically control the coal seam water injection device to increase the water injection flow rate and injection time. S402: Detect whether the spray pressure of the coal mining machine is less than 2 MPa. If so, automatically control the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 2 MPa. S403: Detect whether the spray pressure of the shearer's external spray is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically control the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa. S404: Detecting whether the spray pressure of the shearer tracking spray system is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically controlling the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa. If not, automatically controlling the shearer tracking spray system to increase the number of sprays on the upwind side and the number of sprays on the downwind side by one each. S405: Detecting whether the return air chute spray is on. If not, automatically controlling the spray device to start spraying. If it is on, detecting whether the spray pressure is less than 4 MPa. If so, automatically controlling the pressure regulating device to increase the spray pressure to above 4 MPa. If not, automatically controlling the spray device to increase the spray time by 10 minutes. S406: If it lasts for 1 hour, η b If ≥80% are true, the upwind side spray quantity and the downwind side spray quantity of the automatic control coal mining machine tracking spray system are restored to the default values, and the automatic control return air chute spray device restores the spray time to the default value.

6. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S401, the calculation formula for the water injection increment Δ within 24 hours is: Among them, m1 is the water injection volume within 24 hours, and m2 is the coal production within 24 hours.

7. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S401, the calculation formula for the water injection volume m1 within 24 hours is: Among them, Q i is the water injection flow rate of the i-th coal seam water injection device; t i is the injection time of the i-th coal seam water injection device, and K is the number of coal seam water injection devices.

8. The decision-making method for abnormal effectiveness of dust prevention measures in fully mechanized mining working faces according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S401, the calculation formula for the coal production m2 within 24 hours is: m2=ρ×L×H×D×η Among them, ρ is the bulk density of coal in the mining face; L is the length of the mining face; H is the height of the mining face; D is the 24-hour mining depth; η is the recovery rate.

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