Soil sampling device for geological survey

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and discloses a soil sampling device for geological survey, which comprises a base and a portal frame fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the base, and further comprises a hydraulic rod I arranged on the inner wall of the top of the portal frame, and a drilling cylinder vertically and fixedly arranged at the output end of the hydraulic rod I in a penetrating manner, and a pressure release valve is arranged at the joint of the drilling cylinder and the hydraulic rod I. The device integrates high efficiency, completeness and convenience, can rotatably cut and synchronously collect soil, can obtain multi-depth samples through one-time drilling, remarkably improves the efficiency, adopts a unique hydraulic sequence recovery mechanism, ensures that the samples are complete and do not fall off, can adapt to deep sampling, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Stronger thrust is provided by increasing the diameters of the mounting cylinder and the sliding piston, and hydraulic pressure and an electromagnetic lock work cooperatively, so that a sample is stably protected and is convenient to take out quickly, the complexity of traditional operation is avoided, and efficient and reliable soil sampling is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular relates to a soil sampling device for geological survey. Background Art

[0002] In fields such as mineral exploration and geological prospecting, obtaining representative core or soil samples is fundamental for subsequent geochemical analysis, mineralogical research, and stratigraphic delineation. The information these samples contain, including physical properties, chemical composition, elemental abundance, mineral composition, structural structure, and even microbial communities, is crucial for delineating mineralized zones, assessing site engineering geological conditions, predicting geological hazard risks, and monitoring environmental pollution in mining areas.

[0003] Traditional sampling methods, such as manual excavation and the use of simple manual samplers, often fail to meet the needs of modern scientific research and engineering in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and ease of operation. To improve sampling efficiency and quality, some mechanized soil sampling equipment has appeared on the market, but there are some defects that need to be improved: (1) Existing sampling equipment can only sample at a single depth when obtaining layered soil samples. When switching to sampling at different depths, the equipment needs to be readjusted or multiple drillings need to be performed. This not only increases the operation time and labor intensity, but also easily leads to cross-contamination between samples at different layers, affecting the representativeness of the samples. (2) Existing sampling equipment causes significant disturbance to the soil during drilling and sampling, and is prone to sample detachment or structural damage when removing samples. Strong drilling impact or improper extraction methods can destroy the natural structure of the soil and affect subsequent analysis. At the same time, when the sampling tube containing the sample is removed, the sample is easily separated from the tube and falls, resulting in sampling failure.

[0004] Therefore, a soil sampling device for geological survey that is efficient, convenient, accurate, reliable, and preserves the original state is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a soil sampling device for geological survey, which integrates high efficiency, completeness and convenience. It can rotate to cut and collect soil synchronously, and obtain samples at multiple depths in one drilling, which significantly improves efficiency. The unique hydraulic sequential recovery mechanism ensures that the samples are intact and do not fall off, and can adapt to deep sampling. By increasing the diameter of the mounting cylinder and the sliding piston to provide stronger thrust, the hydraulic and electromagnetic locks work together to stably protect the samples and facilitate quick removal, avoiding the tedious traditional operations and achieving efficient and reliable soil sampling.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A soil sampling device for geological survey, comprising a base and a gantry fixedly mounted on the upper wall of the base, characterized in that it also includes a hydraulic rod 1 mounted on the inner wall of the top of the gantry and a drill barrel vertically fixedly mounted on the output end of the hydraulic rod 1, wherein a pressure relief valve is provided at the connection between the drill barrel and the hydraulic rod 1; a first sampling assembly, a second sampling assembly, and a third sampling assembly are arranged vertically from top to bottom within the drill barrel; the first sampling assembly includes a mounting barrel fixedly mounted horizontally within the drill barrel, a sliding piston slidingly and closely mounted within the mounting barrel, a connecting block movably and closely mounted within the mounting barrel, and a spiral guide block fixedly mounted within the mounting barrel; The first sampling component, the second sampling component and the third sampling component have the same structural arrangement and connection method.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, a hydraulic rod 2 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sliding piston, and an inner cylinder is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic rod 2.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, an electric push rod is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sliding piston, and an inner cylinder is fixedly provided on the output end of the electric push rod.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, the spiral guide block is spirally provided with an outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder is fitted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, the diameter of the mounting cylinder in the first sampling assembly is smaller than the diameter of the mounting cylinder in the second sampling assembly, and the diameter of the mounting cylinder in the second sampling assembly is smaller than the diameter of the mounting cylinder in the third sampling assembly.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, a hydraulic pump is fixedly provided on the top wall of the gantry, and the hydraulic pump is through-connected with the base end of the hydraulic rod 1.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, a touch switch is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the top of the gantry, and the touch switch corresponds to the top wall of the drill barrel. An electromagnet is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the drill barrel, and the electromagnet is located in the mounting barrel. The touch switch is electrically controlled and connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is magnetically connected to the sliding piston when energized. A hydraulic hole is opened through the side wall of the mounting barrel, and the hydraulic hole is located at one end of the mounting barrel close to the electromagnet.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, a self-tapping drill bit is rotatably provided on the bottom wall of the drill barrel, a motor is fixedly provided in the drill barrel, and the output end of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the self-tapping drill bit.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this scheme, the outer edge of one side of the outer tube is provided with soil-breaking saw teeth.

[0015] After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The outer cylinder can rotate and cut the soil as it moves forward, and the inner cylinder collects soil samples. The spiral guide block cooperates with the spiral ribs on the outer cylinder to ensure the stable rotation and cutting of the outer cylinder as it moves forward. The multiple sets of sampling components arranged vertically can realize soil samples at different depths. With only one drilling process, multiple soil samples at different depths can be obtained at the same time, avoiding the tedious operation of drilling multiple holes or adjusting equipment to obtain samples at different layers, thereby improving sampling efficiency. (2) By utilizing the principle of hydraulic resistance difference, when the reverse hydraulic operation is performed after the drill is in place, the outer and inner cylinders are retracted before the drill cylinder due to the resistance generated by the soil. After they are fully retracted into the installation cylinder to eliminate the resistance, the drill cylinder automatically rises again, realizing the automatic sequential operation of "sampling components are retracted first, and the drill cylinder is lifted later", solving the problem of sample shedding caused by synchronous recovery of traditional devices and ensuring complete sampling; (3) As the sampling depth increases, the diameters of the mounting cylinder and sliding piston of different sampling assemblies also increase. This design can effectively match the required drilling and sampling force increase, providing stronger thrust to overcome the resistance of deep soil; (4) The synergistic effect of hydraulic control and electromagnetic locking is used to achieve stable protection of the sample and convenient extraction. The electromagnet is energized to attract the sliding piston and lock the position of the inner cylinder. When extracting the sample, the positive hydraulic pressure pushes the inner cylinder so that the inner cylinder can pass through the preset through-hole stably and be easily removed.

[0016] (5) Through the periodic contact and separation between the first and second bumps, the outer cylinder produces regular radial expansion during rotation. This unique "pulsating" soil-breaking method significantly enhances the ability of the outer cylinder to cut and crush the soil, especially when encountering hard or sticky soil, and can complete the drilling operation more efficiently. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of a soil sampling device for geological survey proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a soil sampling device for geological survey proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the first sampling assembly proposed by the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the outer cylinder proposed in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the bump 1 and the bump 2 proposed in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings: 1. Base; 2. Gantry; 3. Hydraulic pump; 4. Hydraulic rod 1; 5. Touch switch; 6. Drill barrel; 7. Self-drill bit; 8. Motor; 9. Partition; 10. First sampling assembly; 11. Second sampling assembly; 12. Third sampling assembly; 13. Sliding piston; 14. Connecting block; 15. Bump 1; 16. Hydraulic rod 2; 17. Outer cylinder; 18. Inner cylinder; 19. Spiral guide block; 20. Spiral rib; 21. Electromagnet; 22. Soil-breaking saw teeth; 23. Bump 2; 24. Through hole 1; 25. Through hole 2; 26. Mounting cylinder; 27. Hydraulic hole; 28. Pressure relief valve; 29. ​​Positioning cone; 30. Electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0022] Example 1, as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a soil sampling device for geological survey includes a base 1 and a gantry 2 fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the base 1, a positioning cone 29 is fixedly provided on the lower wall of the base 1, a hydraulic rod 4 is provided on the top inner wall of the gantry 2, and a drill tube 6 is vertically slidably provided in the base 1, a hydraulic pump 3 is fixed on the top wall of the gantry 2, the hydraulic pump 3 is connected to the base end of the hydraulic rod 4, the output end of the hydraulic rod 4 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the drill tube 6, a flow hole is provided through the top wall of the drill tube 6, a pressure relief valve 28 is fixed on the top inner wall of the drill tube 6, the pressure relief valve 28 is connected to the flow hole and the output end of the hydraulic rod 4; a first sampling assembly is arranged vertically from top to bottom in the drill tube 6. 10, the second sampling assembly 11 and the third sampling assembly 12. The first sampling assembly 10, the second sampling assembly 11 and the third sampling assembly 12 have the same structure and the same connection method; the first sampling assembly 10 includes a mounting cylinder 26 fixedly arranged horizontally in the drill barrel 6 and a spiral guide block 19 fixedly arranged in the mounting cylinder 26. A hydraulic hole 27 is opened through the side wall of the mounting cylinder 26. A sliding piston 13 and a connecting block 14 are movably arranged in the mounting cylinder 26. A mounting groove is provided in the sliding piston 13. A hydraulic rod 2 16 is fixed in the mounting groove. A protrusion 15 is provided on one side wall of the sliding piston 13. A protrusion 2 23 is provided on one side wall of the connecting block 14. The protrusion 15 corresponds to the protrusion 2 23.

[0023] An outer cylinder 17 is spirally provided inside the spiral guide block 19, and a soil-breaking sawtooth 22 is provided on the outer edge of one side of the outer cylinder 17. A spiral ridge 20 is spirally provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 17, and the spiral ridge 20 is spirally engaged with the spiral guide block 19. The output end of the hydraulic rod 16 is clamped with an inner cylinder 18, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 18 is fitted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 17. The connecting block 14 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 17.

[0024] The diameter of the mounting tube 26 in the first sampling assembly 10 is smaller than that in the second sampling assembly 11. The diameter of the mounting tube 26 in the second sampling assembly 11 is smaller than that in the third sampling assembly 12. The side walls of the sliding piston 13, the connecting block 14 and the spiral guide block 19 are arranged in contact with the inner wall of the mounting tube 26. The inner tube 18 and the outer tube 17 in the first sampling assembly 10, the second sampling assembly 11 and the third sampling assembly 12 have the same structure and size. The deeper the sampling depth, the greater the drilling and sampling force required. The third sampling assembly 12 is located at the bottom. The large diameter of the mounting tube 26 and the sliding piston 13 in the third sampling assembly 12 can provide stronger thrust to overcome deep resistance.

[0025] A touch switch 5 is fixedly provided on the inner wall at the top of the gantry 2, and the touch switch 5 corresponds to the top wall of the drill barrel 6. An electromagnet 21 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the drill barrel 6, and the electromagnet 21 is located in the mounting tube 26. The touch switch 5 is electrically controlled and connected to the electromagnet 21. When the electromagnet 21 is energized, it is magnetically connected to the sliding piston 13. When the electromagnet 21 contacts the sliding piston 13, the hydraulic hole 27 will not be blocked by the sliding piston 13.

[0026] A self-tapping drill bit 7 is rotatably provided on the bottom wall of the drill barrel 6 , a partition 9 is fixedly provided inside the drill barrel 6 , a motor 8 is fixedly provided on the lower wall of the partition 9 , and an output end of the motor 8 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the self-tapping drill bit 7 .

[0027] A through hole 24 is formed through the side wall of the drill tube 6 , and the through hole 24 corresponds to the inner tube 18 and the outer tube 17 . A through hole 25 is formed through the side wall of the gantry 2 , and the through hole 24 and the through hole 25 correspond concentrically.

[0028] When in use, the device is first placed at the sampling site, and then the hydraulic pump 3 is connected to the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pump 3 injects the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic rod 1 4. The hydraulic rod 1 4 performs an extension action, driving the drill tube 6 to move downward, achieving initial contact and pre-compression with the ground. Then, the motor 8 is started, and its power output shaft drives the self-tapping drill bit 7 to enter a rotating state. The rotation of the drill bit 7 assists the drill tube 6 to overcome the surface resistance, achieve effective ground breaking and drilling, and enable the drill tube 6 to smoothly drill into the soil layer of a predetermined depth. When the hydraulic rod 4 is extended to its maximum stroke limit, the high-pressure hydraulic oil inside it is introduced into the internal chamber of the drill tube 6 through the pressure relief valve 28, and further flows into the mounting tube 26 through the hydraulic hole 27. The pressure of the hydraulic oil acts on the sliding piston 13, pushing it to move axially. The sliding piston 13 transmits the thrust to the outer tube 17 through the connecting block 14. During the movement of the outer tube 17, the spiral ridges 20 provided on its periphery interact with the spiral guide block 19, causing the outer tube 17 to rotate while moving forward, and the earth-breaking saw teeth 22 then perform the cutting operation. When the outer cylinder 17 rotates, the second protrusion 23 is driven to rotate synchronously through the connecting block 14. When the second protrusion 23 is separated from the fixed protrusion 15, the outer cylinder 17 rotates smoothly. Once the second protrusion 23 contacts the first protrusion 15, the contact force causes the second protrusion 23 to drive the connecting block 14 and the outer cylinder 17 to produce an instantaneous radial outward displacement. This process is repeated periodically, so that the outer cylinder 17 can periodically perform axial vibration impact during the rotary soil-breaking operation, thereby significantly enhancing its efficiency in cutting and crushing the soil. The soil sample cut by the outer cylinder 17 then enters the inner cylinder 18. Then, the hydraulic pump 3 is activated in reverse, and the hydraulic system begins to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic rod 1 4 and the drill tube 6. However, since the outer tube 17 and the inner tube 18 are still inserted into the soil, the drill tube 6 is still subject to upward resistance, so the drill tube 6 itself does not move upward, and the hydraulic rod 1 4 also remains in its extended state. As the hydraulic pump 3 continues to operate in the reverse direction, the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic rod 2 16 and the mounting tube 26 is gradually sucked out. Under this action, the inner tube 18 and the outer tube 17 begin to move inward and gradually retreat into the mounting tube 26. As the inner tube 18 and the outer tube 17 withdraw, the downward resistance experienced by the drill tube 6 decreases, and the drill tube 6 then begins to move upward. When the drill tube 6 moves upward and contacts the touch switch 5, the electromagnet 21 is activated, thereby firmly holding the sliding piston 13 and fixing its position. At this time, the motor 8 is turned off. When the inner tube 18 needs to be removed, the hydraulic pump 3 is activated in the forward direction. After starting, the hydraulic oil will be re-injected into the drill tube 6. However, since the motor 8 and the self-drilling drill bit 7 are not started at this time, the self-drilling drill bit 7 is in direct contact with the ground, generating resistance. This resistance is transmitted to the hydraulic rod 1 4, preventing the hydraulic rod 1 4 from continuing to extend, and the hydraulic oil enters the mounting tube 26. However, the sliding piston 13 is held by the electromagnet 21 and no longer moves. The hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic rod 2 16. At this time, the hydraulic rod 2 16 extends and drives the inner tube 18 to move. At this time, the inner tube 18 will pass through the through hole 1 24 and the through hole 2 25. Then the staff removes the inner tube 18 to complete the sampling.

[0029] Example 2, as Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiment 1 is that the structure on the sliding piston 13 is different from that in embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the hydraulic rod 2 16 in embodiment 1 is replaced by an electric push rod 30. Specifically, the electric push rod 30 is fixed in the mounting groove on the sliding piston 13, and the inner cylinder 18 is snap-connected to the output end of the electric push rod 30.

[0030] During specific use, the soil sampling process is the same as in Example 1. When the inner cylinder 18 needs to be taken out, the electric push rod 30 is activated to extend it, thereby driving the inner cylinder 18 to move. The inner cylinder 18 will pass through through hole 1 24 and through hole 2 25. Then the staff will remove the inner cylinder 18 to complete the sampling.

[0031] In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to this technical solution without creatively designing them without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for geological survey, comprising a base (1) and a gantry (2) fixedly arranged on the upper wall of the base (1), characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic rod (4) arranged on the inner wall of the top of the gantry (2) and a drill tube (6) vertically fixedly arranged at the output end of the hydraulic rod (4), wherein a pressure relief valve (28) is provided at the connection between the drill tube (6) and the hydraulic rod (4); A first sampling assembly (10), a second sampling assembly (11), and a third sampling assembly (12) are arranged vertically from top to bottom in the drill barrel (6); The first sampling assembly (10) comprises a mounting cylinder (26) fixedly arranged horizontally in a drill cylinder (6), a sliding piston (13) slidably and closely arranged in the mounting cylinder (26), a connecting block (14) movably and closely arranged in the mounting cylinder (26), and a spiral guide block (19) fixedly arranged in the mounting cylinder (26); The first sampling assembly (10), the second sampling assembly (11), and the third sampling assembly (12) have the same structural arrangement and connection method, and the radial dimensions of the first sampling assembly (10), the second sampling assembly (11), and the third sampling assembly (12) increase in sequence.

2. A soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second hydraulic rod (16) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sliding piston (13), and an inner cylinder (18) is fixedly provided on the output end of the second hydraulic rod (16).

3. The soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric push rod (30) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the sliding piston (13), and an inner cylinder (18) is fixedly provided on the output end of the electric push rod (30).

4. A soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral guide block (19) is spirally provided with an outer cylinder (17), the outer wall of the inner cylinder (18) is fitted with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (17), and the connecting block (14) is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (17).

5. The soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic pump (3) is fixedly provided on the top wall of the gantry (2), and the hydraulic pump (3) is connected to the base end of the hydraulic rod (4).

6. The soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electromagnet (21) is fixedly provided in the mounting cylinder (26), and the electromagnet (21) is magnetically connected to the sliding piston (13) when energized.

7. A soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 6, characterized in that: A hydraulic hole (27) is provided through the side wall of the mounting cylinder (26), and the hydraulic hole (27) is located at one end of the mounting cylinder (26) close to the electromagnet (21).

8. The soil sampling device for geological survey according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of one side of the outer cylinder (17) is provided with soil-breaking saw teeth (22).

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