Multi-channel sediment catcher for underwater sediment sampling

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-channel sediment catcher for underwater sediment sampling, the sediment catcher is provided with a frame which is composed of a plurality of rods and is of a cube structure, and the upper part of the frame is provided with a propeller and an emergency recovery device; an upper electric unhooking device and a lower electric unhooking device are arranged on one side of the frame; a sediment collecting mechanism is arranged in the frame and arranged on a transverse rod in the frame. The problems of direction adjustment, depth control, recovery operation, funnel blockage and the like in the water area sediment collection process are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring equipment, and in particular to a multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling, which is particularly suitable for low-cost, high-precision, and leak-proof automatic sediment collection device in lakes, continental shelves, and aquatic environments. Background Art

[0002] Carbon neutrality is the only way to address climate change, and negative ocean emissions are a key path to achieving it. Researching ocean carbon emissions often requires extensive sampling by large vessels. However, due to frequent human activity, offshore areas, such as the open ocean, coastal waters, and river estuaries, are carbon sinks, requiring regular spatial and temporal studies of changes in ocean physical and chemical parameters.

[0003] Sediments, collectively referred to as slowly settling organic and inorganic particles larger than 0.45 μm, are primarily composed of marine phytoplankton particles, zooplankton carcasses and excrement, and terrestrial debris. Sediments are the primary food source for fish and benthic organisms, providing valuable insights into the productivity and efficiency of upper ocean output. They are also a key tool for studying the coupled responses of climate change and coastal ecosystems. Effectively collecting sediment samples in the ocean is fundamental to conducting marine fishery and ecological research.

[0004] Sediment traps are sampling devices used to capture and collect sediment in seawater. They are primarily used for in-situ monitoring of sediment flux and, through sample analysis, to determine the source, composition, and spatiotemporal variations of sediment. They are essential instruments for research on marine sediment dynamics and marine biogeochemistry. In recent years, with the continued advancement of research into sediment movement and geomorphic evolution, material transport, and ecological and environmental behavior in estuaries, coastal, and offshore areas, the demand for professional and applicable sediment traps has continued to increase.

[0005] At present, the traditional multi-channel sediment trap has proven its reliability after countless long-term field operations in the Arctic, Antarctic, tropical and subtropical environments. However, the traditional sediment trap design uses a funnel-shaped or cylindrical collection tube made of high-density polymer material with a certain volume and opening, combined with a time series sampling bottle to collect settled particles at a specific depth. The entire sediment trap system is often connected to an anchor system and fixed to a specific position and depth. However, the swing caused by the tide will cause the opening to tilt, affecting the sediment flux calculation. Therefore, the effective, accurate and interference-free collection of sediment samples is one of the difficult problems that must be overcome in the application of sediment traps. The structural design and collection method of the sediment trap will greatly affect the representativeness and efficiency of sample collection, and thus affect the accuracy of flux calculations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the present invention starts from the need of how to collect sediments effectively and accurately, and aims to innovatively design a multi-channel sediment trap that can seal sediment samples and avoid leakage during sediment collection. It breaks through the bottleneck of domestic sediment trap design and proposes a development plan for a multi-channel sediment trap that can achieve high-performance and intelligent performance.

[0007] The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling, the sediment trap having a frame 1 in a cubic structure composed of a plurality of rods, a propeller 2 and an emergency recovery device 3 being arranged on the upper portion of the frame 1;

[0009] An upper electric unhooking device 6 and a lower electric unhooking device 7 are provided on one side of the frame 1;

[0010] A sediment collecting mechanism 5 is provided inside the frame 1 , and the sediment collecting mechanism 5 is provided on a crossbar 4 inside the frame 1 .

[0011] Further optimized solutions,

[0012] The sediment collecting mechanism 5 has a disc 8 fixedly connected to the crossbar 4, and a funnel 9 is arranged above the disc 8. The funnel 9 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 via a fixing clamp 10;

[0013] Underwater sediments enter the collecting bottle 16 located below the disc 8 through the funnel assembly 9 .

[0014] Further optimized solutions,

[0015] A waterproof motor 11 is further provided above the disc 8. The output shaft of the waterproof motor 11 is connected to a driving gear 12. The driving gear 12 passes through the disc 8 and is located below the disc 8.

[0016] Below the disc 8 , a driven gear disc 14 is rotatably connected to the disc 8 via a rotating shaft 17 . The driving gear 12 is engaged with the driven gear disc 14 to drive the driven gear disc 14 , thereby driving the collection bottle 16 to rotate for replacement.

[0017] Further optimized solutions,

[0018] A plurality of interfaces 15 are provided on the driven gear disc 14. The mouth of the collection bottle 15 has a thread, and the collection bottle 15 is rotatably mounted on the interface 15.

[0019] A rubber sleeve 18 is provided between the circular disc 8 and the driven gear disc 14, corresponding to the inlet of the collection bottle 16, and the rubber sleeve 18 guides the sediment collected by the funnel 9 into the collection bottle 16;

[0020] A rubber main body 19 is provided between two adjacent rubber sleeves 18 .

[0021] Further optimized solutions,

[0022] The lower end of the rubber sleeve 18 is fixed to the interface 15, and the upper end abuts against the lower side of the disc 8;

[0023] The lower end of the rubber column 19 is fixed to the driven gear disc 14 , and the upper end thereof abuts against the lower side surface of the disc 8 .

[0024] Further optimized solutions,

[0025] The funnel assembly 9 comprises a funnel body 20, a circular pipe 21, a square pipe 22 and a connector 23;

[0026] The outlet of the funnel body 20 is connected to a circular pipe 21, the circular pipe 21 is connected to a square pipe 22, the square pipe 22 is connected to a connector 23, and the connector 23 is connected to the rubber sleeve 18;

[0027] When in the collecting state, the connector 23 is connected to the rubber sleeve 18;

[0028] When in the closed state, the rubber column 19 seals the connector 23 .

[0029] Further optimized solutions,

[0030] The funnel body 20 is an asymmetric funnel, the funnel opening of which extends toward the interior of the frame 1 . A vibrator 26 is provided on the funnel body 20 .

[0031] Further optimized solutions,

[0032] A steering gear 25 is provided on the outside of the square tube 22. One side of the square tube 22 is open, and a movable plate 24 is provided at the opening. The steering gear 25 is connected to the lower end of the movable plate 24. The steering gear 25 drives the movable plate 24 to rotate toward the inside of the square tube 22, thereby closing the falling channel of the sediment.

[0033] Further optimized solutions,

[0034] The propellers 2 are located at the four corners above the frame 1, and the emergency recovery devices 3 are arranged on both sides of the frame 1;

[0035] The emergency recovery device 3 has a box 27, inside which are arranged a solenoid valve 28, an inflation device 29 and a balloon 30. The solenoid valve 28 is used to push the lid on the box 27 to open, and the inflation device 29 inflates the balloon 30 after the balloon 30 is pushed out.

[0036] Further optimized solutions,

[0037] A control box 13 for controlling the sediment trap is arranged on the disc 8 .

[0038] The sediment trap provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] The sediment trap of the present invention is mainly used for the automatic collection of sediments from lakes, continental shelves and aquatic environments with relatively large vertical particle flows. The control device of the machine can perform time-dependent work for more than one year, capturing seabed sediments through collection bottles. Based on the need for how to collect sediments effectively and accurately, improvements have been made to the sediment sealing and leakage prevention, and single-chip microcomputer programming design. In terms of the single-chip microcomputer programming control design of the trap, in addition to the original programming of the sampling time interval, the program programming for the measurement of the depth and temperature below the sea surface has been added to facilitate real-time monitoring of the situation below the sea surface, and support long-term adaptive sampling of multiple collection bottles.

[0040] Efficient and flexible motion control: The four-propeller control structure allows for flexible adjustment of the position and depth of the sediment trap, improving the accuracy and efficiency of sediment collection.

[0041] Fault emergency recovery: Equipped with an emergency recovery device, it can quickly float the capture device to the surface when a rotor failure occurs, ensuring the safe recovery of the equipment and avoiding sinking or loss of the equipment.

[0042] Asymmetric funnel: To increase the collection range of the funnel and control the falling speed of underwater sediments.

[0043] Anti-blocking design: The combination of the funnel and the vibrator effectively prevents blockage by debris, improves the continuous operation capability of the device, and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0044] System linkage: The electric uncoupling device enables multiple devices to be linked or separated, facilitating sediment collection and measurement at different water levels and providing more application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sediment trap of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the electric unhooking device of the sediment trap of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of multiple sediment traps of the present invention being linked together by ropes;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sediment collection mechanism of the present invention (angle 1);

[0049] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sediment collection mechanism of the present invention (angle 2);

[0050] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sediment collection mechanism of the present invention (angle three);

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the funnel of the present invention (angle 1);

[0052] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the funnel of the present invention (angle 2);

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the emergency recovery device of the present invention;

[0054] In the figure: frame 1, propeller 2, emergency recovery device 3, cross bar 4, sediment collection mechanism 5, upper electric unhooking device 6, lower electric unhooking device 7, disc 8, funnel as a whole 9, fixing clamp 10, waterproof motor 11, driving gear 12, control box 13, driven gear plate 14, interface 15, collection bottle 16, rotating shaft 17, rubber sleeve 18, rubber column 19, funnel body 20, circular pipe 21, square tube 22, connector 23, movable plate 24, servo 25, vibrator 26, box 27, solenoid valve 28, inflation device 29, balloon 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, mechanical connections, direct connections, or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0058] At present, the main problems with sediment collection devices in water areas are as follows: 1) It is inconvenient to adjust the direction and up and down position in the water, and the collection depth cannot be accurately controlled; 2) The funnel system is easily blocked due to the accumulation of large debris or sediments, affecting the collection efficiency; 3) The emergency recovery and buoyancy mechanism is insufficient in the event of equipment failure, making it difficult to achieve rapid recovery; 4) It is difficult to link multiple devices and measure the sediment conditions at different water levels, and there is a lack of effective connection and separation methods.

[0059] For the above problems, please refer to the attached Figure 1 The present invention discloses a sediment trap, specifically an intelligent sediment trap suitable for collecting sediment in water bodies. This trap utilizes a four-propeller control structure, an emergency recovery device, a vibrator anti-blocking function, and a decoupling mechanism to address issues such as directional adjustment, depth control, flexible control and safe recovery, and funnel blockage during sediment collection.

[0060] Reference Attachment Figure 1 A multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling of the present invention comprises a cube-shaped frame 1 composed of multiple long rods and angle irons, a four-propeller control structure (four propellers 2) and an emergency recovery device 3 are arranged on the upper part of the frame 1, a sediment collection mechanism 5 is arranged inside the frame 1, and a dehooking is arranged on one side of the frame 1.

[0061] Reference Attachment Figure 1 Propellers 2 are located at the four corners of frame 1. Independent control of each propeller 2 allows for flexible adjustment of the device's direction and vertical movement in the water, improving collection accuracy and flexibility. Controlling the four propellers allows the device to be precisely positioned in the target sediment area, while also facilitating recovery.

[0062] Reference Attachment Figure 1 , the emergency recovery device 3 is set on both sides of the upper end of the frame 1. Figure 9 The emergency recovery device 3 of the present invention comprises a box 27, inside which are provided a solenoid valve 28, an inflating device 29 and a balloon 30. The solenoid valve 28 is used to push the lid on the box 27 to open, and the inflating device 29 inflates the balloon 30 after the balloon 30 is pushed out.

[0063] The device's emergency recovery system activates a solenoid valve in the event of a propeller failure, pushing the lid of a compressed balloon open. The balloon rapidly inflates, quickly lifting the device to the surface. This emergency recovery mechanism ensures safe recovery in the event of a failure.

[0064] Reference Attachment Figure 2 The decoupling device of the present invention includes an upper electric decoupling device 6 and a lower electric decoupling device 7 arranged on one side.

[0065] Reference Attachment Figure 3 The present invention can achieve stratified sediment collection in specific waters by fixing the float on the water surface to the upper electric unhooking device 6 of the sediment trap, and fixing the lower electric unhooking device 7 of the sediment trap to the underwater counterweight, and directly setting multiple sediment traps between the float and the counterweight. The float is connected to the upper end of the outer frame of the sediment trap, and the counterweight (stone) is connected to the bottom of the outer frame of the sediment trap to control the sinking and floating of the sediment trap, so as to ensure that the trap can be stably maintained at a certain depth after being thrown into the sea. During the collection process, the present invention can adjust the posture of the sediment trap through four propellers to keep it in the best collection position.

[0066] The design of the decoupling device facilitates the linkage and separation of multiple capturers, improving the flexibility and scalability of the system.

[0067] Reference Attachment Figure 4 、 5 6. Sediment collection mechanism 5 is mounted on crossbar 4 within frame 1. Sediment collection mechanism 5 includes a disk 8 fixedly connected to crossbar 4. A control box 13 for controlling the sediment trap is mounted on disk 8. A funnel 9 is mounted above disk 8 and fixedly connected to frame 1 via a retaining clip 10. The bottom of funnel 9 is connected to a hole in disk 8 through which sediment can pass. Underwater sediment passes through funnel 9 and enters a collection bottle 16 located below disk 8.

[0068] Reference Attachment Figure 4 、 6 A waterproof motor 11 is located above disk 8. Its waterproof housing provides a sealed environment for the motor, preventing corrosion and water intrusion. The output shaft of waterproof motor 11 is connected to a driving gear 12, which passes through disk 8 and is located below it. Below disk 8, a driven gear 14 is rotatably connected to disk 8 via a rotating shaft 17. The driving gear 12 meshes with the driven gear 14, driving the driven gear 14, which in turn rotates and replaces the collection bottle 16.

[0069] Reference Attachment Figure 6The driven geared disc 14 is provided with multiple interfaces 15. Collection bottles 16 have threads at their openings and are rotatably mounted on these interfaces 15. Multiple collection bottles 16 are arranged in a ring below the driven geared disc 14. A rubber sleeve 18 is positioned between the circular disc 8 and the driven geared disc 14, corresponding to the entrance of the collection bottles 16. This sleeve guides sediment collected by the funnel assembly 9 into the collection bottles 16. When in the collection mode, underwater sediment passes through the rubber sleeves 18 and enters the collection bottles 16. A rubber column 19 is positioned between adjacent rubber sleeves 18. When closed, this column blocks the passage of underwater sediment from the funnel assembly 9 to the collection bottles 6.

[0070] Reference Attachment Figure 5 The lower end of the rubber sleeve 18 is fixed to the interface 15, and the upper end abuts on the lower side of the disc 8. The lower end of the rubber column 19 is fixed on the driven gear disc 14, and the upper end abuts on the lower side of the disc 8.

[0071] Reference Attachment Figure 7 、 8 The funnel assembly 9 comprises a funnel body 20, a circular pipe 21, a square tube 22, and a connector 23. The outlet of the funnel body 20 is connected to the circular pipe 21, which is connected to the square tube 22, which is connected to the connector 23. The connector 23 is connected to the rubber sleeve 18. When in the collection state, the connector 23 is connected to the rubber sleeve 18. When in the closed state, the rubber column 19 seals the connector 23.

[0072] In order to increase the collection range of the funnel and control the falling speed of underwater sediments, refer to the attached Figure 7 、 8 The funnel body 20 of the present invention is an asymmetric funnel, and its funnel mouth extends toward the interior of the frame 1.

[0073] To improve the stability of the funnel 9 and prevent clogging, the funnel's shape is simplified into three parts: an upper cone, a cylindrical neck tube, and an outlet. The upper cone guides the material (particles) downward, which is primarily influenced by gravity. The cylindrical neck tube determines the maximum flow rate of the material (particles). An outlet diameter that is too small can cause clogging, while an outlet that is too large can reduce pressure.

[0074] The design of the funnel structure is as follows:

[0075] Optimal solution for leaky exit:

[0076] Maximize the number of particles Q (particle mass flow rate Q) flowing out of the bottom of the funnel per unit time:

[0077]

[0078] The goal is to maximize Q, with the constraints that the particles fall freely and avoid clogging. Under the condition of free flow of particles, the mass flow rate Q of particles flowing out per unit time can be given by Beverloo's law:

[0079]

[0080] Where: Q is the mass flow rate (kg / s), C is the empirical coefficient (usually 0.55–0.65), ρ b is the particle packing density, g is the acceleration of gravity, D is the outlet diameter, d p is the particle diameter (the average diameter of the particles), and k is an empirical constant (about 1.4).

[0081] Therefore, the outlet diameter D is the key parameter, which must satisfy: D>k·d p Otherwise, it will be blocked. p (α is the multiplication coefficient. The flow rate Q must be greater than 0 to flow out, so let D = α·d p , D is greater than kd p , that is, D is greater than 1.4d p , Q can be greater than 0), put it into Beverloo's law, ignore the constant, and get:

[0082] Q∝(αd p -kd p ) 5 / 2 =d p 5 / 2 (α-k) 5 / 2

[0083] To maximize Q, α should be increased, but it cannot be increased infinitely, otherwise the outlet will be too large, affecting the stability of the funnel structure. Therefore, it is more reasonable to take α = 7.

[0084] The cone angle of the funnel affects the flow pattern of particles: if the angle is too small (less than 30°), it is easy to cause particle retention and accumulation, which is not conducive to flow; if the angle is too large (greater than 70°), the particles slide too fast and hit the discharge port, which is easy to cause arching and blockage; an angle of 50 to 60 degrees is more reasonable.

[0085] D top The solution:

[0086]

[0087] D top is the diameter of the upper section of the funnel, D is the outlet diameter, h c is the cone height, and θ is the funnel half angle (unit: radians).

[0088] If the funnel is asymmetrical, the bottom shape is now: semicircle (radius r) + semi-ellipse (short axis 2r, long axis 2a), and the overall shape is an asymmetrical entrance: one side is a semicircle, and the other side is an elongated semi-ellipse.

[0089] In order to calculate the flow rate and ratio, first estimate an equivalent outlet diameter D eff , used to substitute into Beverloo's law.

[0090] Assuming that the "semicircle + semi-ellipse" is regarded as an overall effective outlet, its equivalent area is:

[0091]

[0092] Substituting into the formula we get:

[0093]

[0094] From cone geometry (base radius r, height h, cone angle θ), we can get:

[0095]

[0096] Substituting into the above formula:

[0097]

[0098] r、d p , k is generally a fixed parameter, let α=a / h, so we simplify

[0099]

[0100] For the conical semicircle part, tanθ=tan55°≈1.43. The larger α is, the larger Q is. However, based on the geometric constraints of the funnel structure and engineering experience for structural stability and anti-blocking, although increasing a will increase the flow rate, if a>>r, the outlet will be extremely asymmetric, resulting in center of gravity shift and uneven particle distribution.

[0101] Therefore, it is recommended that a≈1.5h, that is, a:r:h=1.5:1.43:1, approximately a:r:h=3:2:2, the angle between the cone generatrix of the semicircular part and the horizontal plane is 45°, and the angle between the cone generatrix of the elliptical part and the horizontal plane is 35°.

[0102] Reference Attachment Figure 8 The funnel body 20 is equipped with a vibrator 26. When large debris falls into the funnel, the vibrator starts vibrating, ensuring that the object slides smoothly into the funnel pipe below. This design effectively prevents clogging of the funnel and improves the stability of the sediment collection process.

[0103] Reference Attachment Figure 7 、 8A steering gear 25 is provided on the outside of the square tube 22. One side of the square tube 22 is open, and a movable plate 24 is provided at the opening. The steering gear 25 is connected to the lower end of the movable plate 24. The steering gear 25 drives the movable plate 24 to rotate inward of the square tube 22, thereby closing the sediment drop channel, removing large debris, preventing clogging of the funnel, and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the trap.

[0104] Working principle of the present invention:

[0105] To use this device, you first need to install the buoyancy unit module. Connect an inflatable float to the top of the device and a counterweight (rock) to the bottom. The float provides buoyancy, while the rock acts as a counterweight to ensure vertical stability. By adjusting the amount of air in the float, you can precisely control the device's floating depth (10-20 meters) in water.

[0106] After the sediment trap reaches the designated location in the water column by adjusting the propeller, the microcontroller in the control box reads real-time data from the depth and temperature sensors, confirming the device's current position at the set water depth (10-20 meters), and then begins operation. Sediment particles in the water settle under gravity to the bottom of the funnel, passing through the funnel's connector (rubber sleeve) and then to the bottom of the collection bottle. Because particles are denser than water, they gradually accumulate in the collection bottle, while water is discharged through the filter at the bottom of the bottle, leaving the sediment trapped inside.

[0107] Based on the preprogrammed sampling interval, the control box's microcontroller detects a trigger signal and sends a command to the motor, activating the gear train. The motor drives the driving gear through a shaft, slowly rotating the driven gear disc, which in turn rotates the collection bottle. A rubber column temporarily blocks the flow of sediment into the collection bottle, preventing leakage during the switching process. When the driven gear disc continues to rotate until the next empty collection bottle is precisely aligned with the funnel outlet, the rubber column moves away from the funnel outlet, restoring the sediment flow path. When the collection bottle moves to the storage position, the rubber sleeve at the bottle mouth is automatically compressed, forming a physical seal to prevent contamination or leakage of the collected sediment. The microcontroller simultaneously records data such as the current sampling time, water depth, and temperature.

[0108] After the sediment collector completes its collection mission, the buoyancy unit module adjusts the balloon inflation volume to the maximum, pushing the device to float quickly and be recovered.

[0109] The sediment trap provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0110] The sediment trap of the present invention is mainly used for the automatic collection of sediments from lakes, continental shelves and aquatic environments with relatively large vertical particle flows. The control device of the machine can perform time-dependent work for more than one year, capturing seabed sediments through collection bottles. Based on the need for how to collect sediments effectively and accurately, improvements have been made to the sediment sealing and leakage prevention, and single-chip microcomputer programming design. In terms of the single-chip microcomputer programming control design of the trap, in addition to the original programming of the sampling time interval, the program programming for the measurement of the depth and temperature below the sea surface has been added to facilitate real-time monitoring of the situation below the sea surface, and support long-term adaptive sampling of multiple collection bottles.

[0111] Efficient and flexible motion control: The four-propeller control structure allows for flexible adjustment of the position and depth of the sediment trap, improving the accuracy and efficiency of sediment collection.

[0112] Fault emergency recovery: Equipped with an emergency recovery device, it can quickly float the capture device to the surface when a rotor failure occurs, ensuring the safe recovery of the equipment and avoiding sinking or loss of the equipment.

[0113] Asymmetric funnel: To increase the collection range of the funnel and control the falling speed of underwater sediments.

[0114] Anti-blocking design: The combination of the funnel and the vibrator effectively prevents blockage by debris, improves the continuous operation capability of the device, and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0115] System linkage: The electric uncoupling device enables multiple devices to be linked or separated, facilitating sediment collection and measurement at different water levels and providing more application scenarios.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling, characterized by: The sediment trap has a frame (1) with a cube structure composed of a plurality of rods, and a propeller (2) and an emergency recovery device (3) are arranged on the upper part of the frame (1); An upper electric unhooking device (6) and a lower electric unhooking device (7) are provided on one side of the frame (1); A sediment collecting mechanism (5) is provided inside the frame (1), and the sediment collecting mechanism (5) is provided on a crossbar (4) inside the frame (1).

2. A multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sediment collecting mechanism (5) has a disc (8) fixedly connected to the crossbar (4), a funnel assembly (9) is arranged above the disc (8), and the funnel assembly (9) is fixedly connected to the frame (1) via a fixing clamp (10); Underwater sediments enter the collection bottle (16) located below the disc (8) through the funnel assembly (9).

3. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 2, characterized in that: A waterproof motor (11) is also provided above the disc (8), and an output shaft of the waterproof motor (11) is connected to a driving gear (12), and the driving gear (12) passes through the disc (8) and is located below the disc (8); The driven gear disc (14) is rotatably connected to the disc (8) via a rotating shaft (17) below the disc (8), and the driving gear (12) is engaged with the driven gear disc (14) to drive the driven gear disc (14), thereby driving the collection bottle (16) to rotate for replacement.

4. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of interfaces (15) are provided on the driven gear disc (14); a bottle mouth of the collection bottle (15) is provided with a thread; and the collection bottle (15) is rotatably arranged on the interfaces (15); A rubber sleeve (18) is provided between the circular disc (8) and the driven gear disc (14), corresponding to the inlet of the collection bottle (16), and the rubber sleeve (18) guides the sediment collected by the funnel (9) into the collection bottle (16); A rubber main body (19) is arranged between two adjacent rubber sleeves (18).

5. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the rubber sleeve (18) is fixed to the interface (15), and the upper end abuts against the lower side of the disc (8); The lower end of the rubber column (19) is fixed on the driven gear disc (14), and the upper end abuts against the lower side surface of the disc (8).

6. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The funnel as a whole (9) comprises a funnel body (20), a circular pipe (21), a square pipe (22) and a connector (23); The outlet of the funnel body (20) is connected to a circular pipe (21), the circular pipe (21) is connected to a square pipe (22), the square pipe (22) is connected to a connector (23), and the connector (23) is connected to the rubber sleeve (18); When in the collecting state, the connector (23) is connected to the rubber sleeve (18); When in the closed state, the rubber column (19) seals the connector (23).

7. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The funnel body (20) is an asymmetric funnel, the funnel opening of which extends toward the interior of the frame (1), and a vibrator (26) is provided on the funnel body (20).

8. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 7, characterized in that: A steering gear (25) is provided on the outside of the square tube (22). One side of the square tube (22) is in an open state. A movable plate (24) is provided at the opening. The steering gear (25) is connected to the lower end of the movable plate (24). The steering gear (25) drives the movable plate (24) to rotate toward the inside of the square tube (22), thereby closing the falling channel of the sediment.

9. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The propellers (2) are located at the four corners above the frame (1), and the emergency recovery devices (3) are arranged on both sides of the frame (1); The emergency recovery device (3) comprises a box (27), wherein an electromagnetic valve (28), an inflation device (29) and a balloon (30) are arranged inside the box (27); the electromagnetic valve (28) is used to push the lid of the box (27) to open, and the inflation device (29) inflates the balloon (30) after the balloon (30) is pushed out.

10. The multi-channel sediment trap for underwater sediment sampling according to claim 9, characterized in that: A control box (13) for controlling the sediment trap is arranged on the disc (8).

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