High-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a performance test platform for a high-altitude gapless line arrester. The performance test platform comprises a comprehensive environment simulation unit, a data acquisition and control unit, a multi-dimensional performance test unit, an analysis and monitoring unit and a safety protection and early warning unit, a lightning arrester performance test environment is simulated through an air pressure adjusting module, an ultraviolet radiation module, a power frequency power supply module and a temperature and humidity control module, and operation of each module in a lightning arrester performance test process is controlled; a lightning arrester performance test is carried out through a lightning impulse test module, an operation impulse test module, a power frequency withstand voltage test module and an aging performance test module, and the running state of the test platform is monitored in real time; and safety protection early warning is performed through the grounding protection module, the access control interlocking module, the high-voltage insulation protection module and the early warning prompt module. A lightning arrester performance test platform in a high-altitude environment is provided, and a scientific basis is provided for safe operation of a lightning arrester through an intelligent analysis means.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of performance testing, and in particular to a high-altitude gapless line arrester performance testing platform. Background Art

[0002] At high altitudes, transmission lines and power equipment face harsher operating environments, such as low air pressure, strong ultraviolet radiation, and large temperature swings between day and night. These factors can significantly impact the electrical performance and long-term reliability of lightning arresters. Traditional lightning arrester testing methods, primarily based on tests conducted under standard altitude conditions, cannot accurately simulate the unique high-altitude environment. This can lead to discrepancies between test results and actual operating conditions, potentially resulting in improper arrester selection, reduced protection effectiveness, and even grid failures.

[0003] At present, the performance testing of lightning arresters at home and abroad mainly focuses on lightning impulse tolerance, power frequency withstand voltage, leakage current monitoring and other aspects, but there are the following technical bottlenecks: conventional test platforms lack the ability to simulate comprehensive environmental factors such as high altitude low pressure, strong ultraviolet rays, temperature and humidity alternation, resulting in the test data being unable to truly reflect the performance degradation law of lightning arresters under high altitude conditions; existing test equipment mostly targets single electrical characteristics, lacks testing methods for multiple stress coupling effects, and it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive performance of lightning arresters; traditional testing relies on manual recording and offline analysis, and cannot monitor the dynamic response of lightning arresters in real time, and lacks aging trend prediction methods based on big data, resulting in delayed operation and maintenance decisions; during high-voltage testing, there is a lack of intelligent interlocking protection mechanism, there is a risk of misoperation, which affects the safety of test personnel and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The specific application is as follows:

[0006] Provides a high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform, including a comprehensive environment simulation unit, a data acquisition and control unit, a multi-dimensional performance test unit, an analysis and monitoring unit, and a safety protection and early warning unit;

[0007] The comprehensive environment simulation unit simulates the environment for arrester performance testing through the air pressure regulation module, ultraviolet radiation module, power frequency power supply module and temperature and humidity control module;

[0008] The data acquisition and control unit collects high-precision sensor data arranged at key parts of the arrester at a high sampling rate and controls the operation of each module during the arrester performance test;

[0009] The multi-dimensional performance testing unit performs arrester performance testing through a lightning impulse test module, an operating impulse test module, a power frequency withstand voltage test module, and an aging performance test module;

[0010] The analysis and monitoring unit analyzes the arrester performance according to the preset test procedures and parameters, and monitors the operating status of the test platform in real time;

[0011] The safety protection and early warning unit performs safety protection early warning through the grounding protection module, the access control interlock module, the high-voltage insulation protection module and the early warning prompt module.

[0012] The air pressure regulation module includes a vacuum pump, a compressor and an air pressure sensor; the ultraviolet radiation module includes an ultraviolet lamp group, a light intensity sensor and a spectrum analyzer; the industrial frequency power supply module includes a transformer and a frequency converter, a voltage monitoring and protection device; the temperature and humidity control module includes a heater, a cooler, a humidifier, a dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor; the acquired data is fed back to the data acquisition and control unit.

[0013] The data acquisition and control unit automatically adjusts the operation of the vacuum pump and compressor according to the preset air pressure value, controls the ultraviolet lamp group according to the preset ultraviolet radiation conditions; adjusts the tap of the transformer and the output parameters of the inverter according to the preset values; and automatically adjusts the working status of the heater, refrigerator, humidifier and dehumidifier according to the preset temperature and humidity values.

[0014] The lightning impulse test module uses a lightning impulse generator to charge the energy storage capacitor to a set voltage through a charging device, and then forms an impulse circuit with the capacitor and the wave head resistor and wave tail resistor of the impulse generator through a high-voltage closing switch to apply an impulse voltage to the lightning arrester; the amplitude and waveform of the impulse voltage are changed by adjusting the charging voltage and circuit parameters; the operating impulse test module is provided with an operating impulse generator, which is composed of a multi-stage energy storage capacitor and a pulse forming line. After the energy storage capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, the capacitor is discharged in sequence by controlling the trigger device, and the operating impulse voltage waveform is synthesized through the pulse forming line and applied to the lightning arrester; the power frequency withstand voltage test module is provided with a power frequency test transformer, which outputs the required power frequency high voltage by adjusting the input voltage and the voltage regulator, and applies the power frequency high voltage to both ends of the lightning arrester; the aging performance test module applies power frequency voltage or DC voltage to the lightning arrester to simulate the working state during long-term operation; and through long-term continuous monitoring, the performance parameter changes of the lightning arrester are recorded.

[0015] The analysis and monitoring unit records in real time the voltage and current data of the lightning arrester under impact, the action response time of the lightning arrester, the electrical parameter change data, the temperature and humidity data, and the aging performance parameter data; the electrical parameter change data includes leakage current and resistance value; the aging performance parameters include leakage current increment, resistor aging, and insulation performance degradation; and performs impact tolerance performance analysis, power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis, and aging performance analysis.

[0016] The impulse withstand performance analysis includes: calculating the arrester's discharge capacity based on the acquired impulse voltage, current data, and action response time; comparing the calculated arrester's discharge capacity with a preset rated discharge capacity to determine whether the arrester can quickly conduct before the lightning impulse reaches the protected equipment, thereby limiting the overvoltage to a safe range;

[0017] The discharge capacity of the arrester is expressed as:

[0018]

[0019] Where V(t) represents the instantaneous voltage that changes with time, I(t) represents the instantaneous current that changes with time, and t f It represents the time from the arrester being triggered to being fully turned on, that is, the action response time, E represents the total discharge energy, and t0 represents the initial time.

[0020] The power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis includes: evaluating the stability and insulation strength of the lightning arrester under power frequency voltage by analyzing the voltage and leakage current data in the power frequency withstand voltage test to determine whether it can operate reliably under long-term working voltage; calculating the harmonic content of the leakage current, analyzing its waveform distortion, and determining whether there is partial discharge or insulation defects inside the lightning arrester;

[0021] Perform fast Fourier transform on the leakage current waveform to convert the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal. Analyze the frequency domain signal to determine the amplitude and phase of each harmonic. The harmonic content is the ratio of the amplitude of each harmonic to the amplitude of the fundamental wave. The waveform distortion rate is calculated as follows: Among them, THD represents the waveform distortion rate, I n is the amplitude of the nth harmonic, I r The lower the THD value, the smaller the waveform distortion and the better the insulation performance of the arrester.

[0022] The aging performance analysis includes: comprehensively analyzing the aging performance parameters of leakage current increment, resistor aging and insulation performance degradation, establishing an evaluation model for the aging performance of the lightning arrester, predicting the remaining service life of the lightning arrester, evaluating the changing trend of the lightning arrester performance during the aging process, and determining the key factors of the lightning arrester performance degradation.

[0023] The comprehensive analysis of the aging performance parameters of the leakage current increment, resistor aging and insulation performance degradation, and the establishment of an evaluation model for the arrester aging performance include: calculating the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance and the dielectric loss factor at different time points, using a multivariate linear regression method to establish a model, using the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance and the dielectric loss factor as inputs of the model, predicting the remaining service life, and analyzing the changing trend of the arrester performance during the aging process based on the model output to determine the key factors of the arrester performance degradation.

[0024] Real-time monitoring of the operating status of the test platform includes equipment operating status monitoring, test process monitoring, environmental condition monitoring, and safety status monitoring.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention uses air pressure regulation, ultraviolet radiation, temperature and humidity control, and an industrial frequency power supply module to accurately reproduce complex environments such as high altitude, low air pressure, strong ultraviolet radiation, and temperature and humidity changes, ensuring that test conditions are consistent with actual working conditions and improving the reliability of test results. It can also adjust environmental parameters in real time based on sensor feedback, avoiding the single environment problem in traditional testing.

[0027] 2. This invention uses high-sampling-rate sensors to capture key arrester parameters, providing a detailed data basis for analysis. By setting up multiple types of electrical stress tests, including lightning impulse, switching impulse, power frequency withstand voltage, and aging performance tests, the transient response, steady-state performance, and long-term reliability of the arrester are comprehensively evaluated.

[0028] 3. The present invention quantitatively evaluates the performance of lightning arresters through discharge capacity calculation, harmonic analysis, and aging model prediction, monitors the equipment status, test progress, and environmental safety throughout the entire process, and triggers alarms in a timely manner to avoid accidents. It also provides a lightning arrester performance testing platform in high-altitude environments and provides a scientific basis for the safe operation of lightning arresters through intelligent analysis methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform, including a comprehensive environment simulation unit, a data acquisition and control unit, a multi-dimensional performance testing unit, an analysis and monitoring unit, and a safety protection and early warning unit;

[0033] The comprehensive environment simulation unit simulates the environment for arrester performance testing through the air pressure regulation module, ultraviolet radiation module, power frequency power supply module and temperature and humidity control module;

[0034] The data acquisition and control unit collects high-precision sensor data arranged at key parts of the arrester at a high sampling rate and controls the operation of each module during the arrester performance test;

[0035] The multi-dimensional performance testing unit performs arrester performance testing through a lightning impulse test module, an operating impulse test module, a power frequency withstand voltage test module, and an aging performance test module;

[0036] The analysis and monitoring unit analyzes the arrester performance according to the preset test procedures and parameters, and monitors the operating status of the test platform in real time;

[0037] The safety protection and early warning unit performs safety protection early warning through the grounding protection module, the access control interlock module, the high-voltage insulation protection module and the early warning prompt module;

[0038] The air pressure regulating module includes a vacuum pump, a compressor and an air pressure sensor;

[0039] The vacuum pump extracts air from the test chamber and reduces the air pressure to simulate a high-altitude, low-pressure environment; the compressor fills air into the test chamber and adjusts the air pressure to simulate low altitude or specific air pressure conditions; the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the chamber in real time and feeds the data back to the data acquisition and control unit;

[0040] The ultraviolet radiation module includes an ultraviolet lamp group, a light intensity sensor and a spectrum analyzer;

[0041] The ultraviolet lamp group is composed of a plurality of ultraviolet lamp tubes of different powers and wavelengths; the light intensity sensor obtains the radiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays; the spectrum analyzer analyzes the radiation intensity and wavelength distribution of the ultraviolet rays and feeds back to the data acquisition and control unit;

[0042] The industrial frequency power supply module includes a transformer and a frequency converter, a voltage monitoring and protection device;

[0043] The transformer and frequency converter convert the mains power into the required power frequency voltage and frequency; the voltage monitoring and protection device monitors the output voltage and current in real time; and transmits the data to the data acquisition and control unit;

[0044] The temperature and humidity control module includes a heater, a refrigerator, a humidifier, a dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor;

[0045] The heater uses an electric heating element to increase the temperature by controlling the heating power; the refrigerator uses compressor refrigeration technology to reduce the test environment temperature through a refrigeration cycle; the humidifier uses ultrasonic humidification or electrode humidification to spray water mist into the air to increase the humidity; the dehumidifier reduces the humidity by refrigeration dehumidification or desiccant adsorption; the temperature and humidity sensor monitors the temperature and humidity of the test environment in real time and feeds the data back to the data acquisition and control unit;

[0046] The data acquisition and control unit collects high-precision sensor data arranged at key parts of the arrester at a high sampling rate, including:

[0047] A variety of high-precision sensors are arranged at both ends of the valve plate of the lightning arrester, at the grounding down conductor, and on the surface of the insulating jacket. The high-precision sensors include voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and contamination sensors.

[0048] The voltage sensor is used to accurately measure the voltage magnitude and waveform of the arrester; the current sensor is used to detect the leakage current and operating current flowing through the arrester; the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the arrester body and the surrounding environment in real time; the humidity sensor is used to measure the relative humidity of the test environment; the contamination sensor is used to measure the degree of contamination on the surface of the arrester;

[0049] The data acquisition and control unit automatically adjusts the operation of the vacuum pump and compressor according to the preset air pressure value, controls the ultraviolet lamp group according to the preset ultraviolet radiation conditions; adjusts the tap of the transformer and the output parameters of the frequency converter according to the preset values; and automatically adjusts the working status of the heater, refrigerator, humidifier and dehumidifier according to the preset temperature and humidity values;

[0050] The lightning impulse test module uses a lightning impulse generator to charge the energy storage capacitor to a set voltage through a charging device, and then uses a high-voltage closing switch to connect the capacitor with the wave head resistor and wave tail resistor of the impulse generator to form an impulse circuit, applying an impulse voltage to the lightning arrester; the amplitude and waveform of the impulse voltage are changed by adjusting the charging voltage and circuit parameters;

[0051] The operating impulse test module is provided with an operating impulse generator, which is composed of a multi-stage energy storage capacitor and a pulse forming line. After the energy storage capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, the trigger device is controlled to discharge the capacitor in sequence, and the pulse forming line synthesizes the operating impulse voltage waveform and applies it to the arrester;

[0052] The power frequency withstand voltage test module is provided with a power frequency test transformer, which outputs the required power frequency high voltage by adjusting the input voltage and the voltage regulator, and applies the power frequency high voltage to both ends of the lightning arrester;

[0053] The aging performance test module applies power frequency voltage or DC voltage to the arrester to simulate the working state during long-term operation; through long-term continuous monitoring, the performance parameter changes of the arrester are recorded;

[0054] The analysis and monitoring unit records in real time the voltage and current data of the arrester under impact, the action response time of the arrester, the electrical parameter change data, the temperature and humidity data, and the aging performance parameter data; the electrical parameter change data includes leakage current and resistance value; the aging performance parameters include leakage current increment, resistor aging, and insulation performance degradation;

[0055] Conduct impact tolerance performance analysis, power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis, and aging performance analysis;

[0056] The impulse withstand performance analysis includes: calculating the arrester's discharge capacity based on the acquired impulse voltage, current data, and action response time; comparing the calculated arrester's discharge capacity with a preset rated discharge capacity to determine whether the arrester can quickly conduct before the lightning impulse reaches the protected equipment, thereby limiting the overvoltage to a safe range;

[0057] The discharge capacity of the arrester is expressed as:

[0058]

[0059] Where V(t) represents the instantaneous voltage that changes with time, I(t) represents the instantaneous current that changes with time, and t f It represents the time from triggering to full conduction of the arrester, i.e., the action response time, E represents the total discharge energy, and t0 represents the initial time;

[0060] The power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis includes: evaluating the stability and insulation strength of the lightning arrester under power frequency voltage by analyzing the voltage and leakage current data in the power frequency withstand voltage test to determine whether it can operate reliably under long-term working voltage; calculating the harmonic content of the leakage current, analyzing its waveform distortion, and determining whether there is partial discharge or insulation defects inside the lightning arrester;

[0061] By analyzing the voltage and leakage current data in the power frequency withstand voltage test, the stability and insulation strength of the lightning arrester under the power frequency voltage are evaluated to determine whether it can operate reliably under long-term working voltage, including:

[0062] Calculate the leakage current change rate at different voltages to assess the stability of the leakage current as it changes with voltage. The leakage current change rate is the ratio of the difference in leakage current at two adjacent points on the arrester to the voltage difference. If the change rate is too large, it indicates that the insulation performance of the arrester is unstable.

[0063] The insulation strength is a comparison of the actual measured leakage current with the standard value provided by the manufacturer or the allowable leakage current value specified in the industry standard; if the actual leakage current exceeds the allowable value, it may indicate that the insulation strength is insufficient;

[0064] Calculate the harmonic content of the leakage current, analyze its waveform distortion, and determine whether there is partial discharge or insulation defects inside the arrester, including:

[0065] Perform fast Fourier transform on the leakage current waveform to convert the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal. Analyze the frequency domain signal to determine the amplitude and phase of each harmonic. The harmonic content is the ratio of the amplitude of each harmonic to the amplitude of the fundamental wave. The waveform distortion rate is calculated as follows: Among them, THD represents the waveform distortion rate, I n is the amplitude of the nth harmonic, I r is the fundamental wave amplitude. The lower the THD value, the smaller the waveform distortion and the better the insulation performance of the arrester.

[0066] The aging performance analysis includes: comprehensively analyzing the aging performance parameters of leakage current increment, resistor aging and insulation performance degradation, establishing an assessment model for the aging performance of the lightning arrester, and predicting the remaining service life of the lightning arrester; evaluating the changing trend of the lightning arrester performance during the aging process, and determining the key factors of the lightning arrester performance degradation;

[0067] Calculate the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance, and the dielectric loss factor at different time points. Use the multivariate linear regression method to build a model, using the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance, and the dielectric loss factor as the model inputs to predict the remaining service life. Based on the model output, analyze the performance trend of the lightning arrester during the aging process and identify the key factors that cause the lightning arrester performance degradation.

[0068] The leakage current increments at different time points are:

[0069] ΔI(t1)=I(t1)-I0

[0070] Where I(t1) represents the leakage current at time t1, and I0 represents the initial leakage current;

[0071] The nonlinear coefficient of the resistor is:

[0072]

[0073] Where I1 and I2 are the currents at voltages V1 and V2; w represents the nonlinear coefficient reflecting the aging degree of the resistor;

[0074] Insulation performance degradation analysis is performed by calculating insulation resistance and dielectric loss factor.

[0075] The insulation resistance is:

[0076]

[0077] Where V represents voltage, I lek Indicates leakage current;

[0078] The dielectric loss factor is:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, I res and I cap Represent the resistive and capacitive components of the leakage current respectively;

[0081] The linear regression model is:

[0082] T e =α+β·ΔI(t1)+γ·w+δ·R J +ε*σ

[0083] Among them, T e represents the remaining service life, α, β, γ, δ, and ε represent the limiting coefficients;

[0084] Through the sensitivity analysis of the model, that is, calculating the effect of each input parameter on the remaining service life T e Calculate the partial derivative of the curve to find the parameter with the greatest impact on performance degradation and obtain the key factors affecting the performance degradation of the current arrester. Compare the actual performance trend of the current arrester with the performance benchmark model of a new arrester of the same batch and model under ideal conditions. If the actual curve deviates significantly from the benchmark curve and develops in the direction of performance deterioration, it can be determined that the operating environment of the arrester is poor or that the arrester itself has quality problems.

[0085] Real-time monitoring of the operating status of the test platform includes equipment operating status monitoring, test process monitoring, environmental condition monitoring, and safety status monitoring;

[0086] The equipment operation status monitoring includes voltage monitoring, current monitoring, temperature monitoring and cooling system detection;

[0087] For voltage monitoring, high-precision voltage sensors are installed at both ends of the power supply system and the lightning arrester of the test platform to monitor the voltage value in real time and set the normal voltage range. For current monitoring, current sensors are installed at the power supply circuit and the lightning arrester grounding lead to monitor the current in real time. For temperature monitoring, temperature sensors are installed at key locations of the integrated environment simulation unit, data acquisition and control unit, and multi-dimensional performance test unit to monitor temperature changes in real time and set temperature thresholds. For cooling system monitoring, the coolant flow, pressure, and temperature of the cooling system are monitored in real time.

[0088] As a specific example, during the power frequency withstand voltage test, the voltage must be stable within ±5% of the set value. Once the voltage exceeds the range, the system will immediately issue an alarm, indicating that there may be power fluctuations or equipment failure. The impulse current in the lightning impulse test is generally in the kiloampere level. If the actual current is significantly abnormal, the power supply is quickly cut off to prevent overcurrent damage to the equipment. The internal temperature of the comprehensive environmental simulation unit is set within a certain range. If the temperature exceeds the normal range, the temperature control equipment is adjusted in time to avoid high temperature damage to the equipment or low temperature causing test errors. The coolant flow rate should be maintained within ±10% of the set value, the pressure should be stable within a certain range, and the temperature should not be too high. If the parameters are abnormal, affecting the heat dissipation of the equipment, the cooling system needs to be adjusted in time to ensure normal operation of the equipment.

[0089] The test process monitoring includes test module status monitoring and test parameter monitoring;

[0090] The test module status monitoring system monitors the operating status of each test module in real time, including the charging voltage and discharge status of the lightning impulse test module and the output voltage stability of the power frequency withstand voltage test module. It also monitors in real time whether various parameters during the test are executed according to the preset procedures and requirements, including the impulse voltage amplitude, waveform, number of impulses, and power frequency voltage application time. If the actual parameters deviate significantly from the preset values, the system automatically pauses the test and issues an alarm to ensure accurate and reliable test results.

[0091] The environmental condition monitoring includes temperature and humidity monitoring and air pressure monitoring;

[0092] Temperature and humidity monitoring: Temperature and humidity sensors are installed around the test platform and inside the integrated environmental simulation unit to monitor the ambient temperature and humidity in real time and set the appropriate temperature and humidity range according to the test standards and requirements. During high-altitude simulation tests, air pressure monitoring uses air pressure sensors to monitor the ambient air pressure in real time and set the normal air pressure range.

[0093] As a specific embodiment, control thresholds for relative humidity and temperature in the test environment are set. When the temperature and humidity exceed the specified range, the environmental control equipment is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure a stable test environment. The air pressure at an altitude of 4000m is simulated. If the air pressure exceeds the range, the air pressure regulation module is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that the test environment meets high-altitude conditions.

[0094] The safety status monitoring includes leakage current monitoring and grounding status monitoring.

[0095] During leakage current monitoring, a leakage current monitor is installed to monitor the leakage current of the test platform in real time and set a leakage current safety threshold. For grounding status monitoring, the grounding resistance of the test platform is monitored in real time. As a specific embodiment, if the leakage current exceeds 50mA during the power frequency withstand voltage test, it is considered a safety hazard. Once the leakage current exceeds the standard, the power supply is immediately cut off to avoid the risk of electric shock. The grounding resistance should be less than a preset value to ensure a good grounding state. If the grounding is poor, causing equipment failure or safety accidents, an alarm will be issued in time and measures will be taken to repair the grounding protection module.

[0096] The grounding protection module reliably grounds all metal casings of the test platform, the grounding terminals of the lightning arrester, etc., to prevent leakage from causing electric shock to personnel or damage to equipment;

[0097] The access control interlock module sets up an access control system at the entrance of the test area. Only authorized personnel can enter by swiping a card, fingerprint recognition or password input. The access control system is interlocked with the control system of the test platform. When the door is not closed or an unauthorized person enters, the control system automatically cuts off the high-voltage power supply and sounds an alarm;

[0098] The high-voltage insulation protection module is equipped with insulating partitions, insulating gloves, insulating mats and other protective facilities in the high-voltage equipment and test area. The insulation resistance of the insulating material should be high enough to withstand the maximum voltage that may occur during the test. Operators must wear insulating gloves and stand on insulating mats when performing high-voltage operations to ensure insulation safety between them and the high-voltage components.

[0099] The early warning prompt module is connected to each monitoring and control module of the test platform. When the monitored parameters exceed the normal range, such as excessive voltage, excessive current, excessive leakage current, abnormal temperature, etc., an alarm is immediately triggered. The alarm mode includes a piercing alarm sound and flashing light of the sound and light alarm, and a striking alarm message pops up on the interface of the control module to inform the operator of the specific abnormal location and cause;

[0100] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0101] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and to form different embodiments. Any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

Claims

1. A high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform, characterized in that: It includes comprehensive environment simulation unit, data acquisition and control unit, multi-dimensional performance testing unit, analysis and monitoring unit, and safety protection and early warning unit; The comprehensive environment simulation unit simulates the environment for arrester performance testing through the air pressure regulation module, ultraviolet radiation module, power frequency power supply module and temperature and humidity control module; The data acquisition and control unit collects high-precision sensor data arranged at key parts of the arrester at a high sampling rate and controls the operation of each module during the arrester performance test; The multi-dimensional performance testing unit performs arrester performance testing through a lightning impulse test module, an operating impulse test module, a power frequency withstand voltage test module, and an aging performance test module; The analysis and monitoring unit analyzes the arrester performance according to the preset test procedures and parameters, and monitors the operating status of the test platform in real time; The safety protection and early warning unit performs safety protection early warning through the grounding protection module, the access control interlock module, the high-voltage insulation protection module and the early warning prompt module.

2. The high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air pressure regulating module includes a vacuum pump, a compressor and an air pressure sensor; the ultraviolet radiation module includes an ultraviolet lamp group, a light intensity sensor and a spectrum analyzer; the industrial frequency power supply module includes a transformer and a frequency converter, a voltage monitoring and protection device; The temperature and humidity control module includes a heater, a refrigerator, a humidifier, a dehumidifier and a temperature and humidity sensor; and feeds back the acquired data to the data acquisition and control unit.

3. The high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition and control unit automatically adjusts the operation of the vacuum pump and compressor according to the preset air pressure value, controls the ultraviolet lamp group according to the preset ultraviolet radiation conditions; and adjusts the tap of the transformer and the output parameters of the frequency converter according to the preset values; Automatically adjust the working status of heaters, coolers, humidifiers and dehumidifiers according to preset temperature and humidity values.

4. The high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lightning impulse test module uses a lightning impulse generator to charge the energy storage capacitor to a set voltage through a charging device, and then forms an impulse circuit with the capacitor and the wave head resistor and wave tail resistor of the impulse generator through a high-voltage closing switch to apply an impulse voltage to the lightning arrester; the amplitude and waveform of the impulse voltage are changed by adjusting the charging voltage and circuit parameters; the operating impulse test module is provided with an operating impulse generator, which is composed of a multi-stage energy storage capacitor and a pulse forming line. After the energy storage capacitor is charged to a certain voltage, the capacitor is discharged in sequence by controlling the trigger device, and the operating impulse voltage waveform is synthesized through the pulse forming line and applied to the lightning arrester; the power frequency withstand voltage test module is provided with a power frequency test transformer, which outputs the required power frequency high voltage by adjusting the input voltage and the voltage regulator, and applies the power frequency high voltage to both ends of the lightning arrester; the aging performance test module applies power frequency voltage or DC voltage to the lightning arrester to simulate the working state during long-term operation; and through long-term continuous monitoring, the performance parameter changes of the lightning arrester are recorded.

5. The high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis and monitoring unit records in real time the voltage and current data of the lightning arrester under impact, the action response time of the lightning arrester, the electrical parameter change data, the temperature and humidity data, and the aging performance parameter data; the electrical parameter change data includes leakage current and resistance value; the aging performance parameters include leakage current increment, resistor aging, and insulation performance degradation; and performs impact tolerance performance analysis, power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis, and aging performance analysis.

6. The high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The impulse withstand performance analysis includes: calculating the arrester's discharge capacity based on the acquired impulse voltage, current data, and action response time; comparing the calculated arrester's discharge capacity with a preset rated discharge capacity to determine whether the arrester can quickly conduct before the lightning impulse reaches the protected equipment, thereby limiting the overvoltage to a safe range; The discharge capacity of the arrester is expressed as: Where V(t) represents the instantaneous voltage that changes with time, I(t) represents the instantaneous current that changes with time, and t f It represents the time from the arrester being triggered to being fully turned on, that is, the action response time, E represents the total discharge energy, and t0 represents the initial time.

7. The high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The power frequency withstand voltage performance analysis includes: evaluating the stability and insulation strength of the lightning arrester under power frequency voltage by analyzing the voltage and leakage current data in the power frequency withstand voltage test to determine whether it can operate reliably under long-term working voltage; calculating the harmonic content of the leakage current, analyzing its waveform distortion, and determining whether there is partial discharge or insulation defects inside the lightning arrester; Perform fast Fourier transform on the leakage current waveform to convert the time domain signal into the frequency domain signal. Analyze the frequency domain signal to determine the amplitude and phase of each harmonic. The harmonic content is the ratio of the amplitude of each harmonic to the amplitude of the fundamental wave. The waveform distortion rate is calculated as follows: Among them, THD represents the waveform distortion rate, I n is the amplitude of the nth harmonic, I r The lower the THD value, the smaller the waveform distortion and the better the insulation performance of the arrester.

8. The high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The aging performance analysis includes: comprehensively analyzing the aging performance parameters of leakage current increment, resistor aging and insulation performance degradation, establishing an evaluation model for the aging performance of the lightning arrester, predicting the remaining service life of the lightning arrester, evaluating the changing trend of the lightning arrester performance during the aging process, and determining the key factors of the lightning arrester performance degradation.

9. The high-altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive analysis of the aging performance parameters of the leakage current increment, resistor aging and insulation performance degradation, and the establishment of an evaluation model for the arrester aging performance include: calculating the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance and the dielectric loss factor at different time points, using a multivariate linear regression method to establish a model, using the leakage current increment, the nonlinear coefficient of the resistor, the insulation resistance and the dielectric loss factor as inputs of the model, predicting the remaining service life, and analyzing the changing trend of the arrester performance during the aging process based on the model output to determine the key factors of the arrester performance degradation.

10. The high altitude gapless line arrester performance test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Real-time monitoring of the operating status of the test platform includes equipment operating status monitoring, test process monitoring, environmental condition monitoring, and safety status monitoring.

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