Display system and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a display system and a vehicle. The display system comprises a display assembly, a main visual area and an eye box. The display assembly comprises a display panel and a prism assembly, the prism assembly comprises a plurality of prisms, and the prism assembly is located on the light emitting side of the display panel; wherein in the first direction of the plane where the eye box is located, the width of the main visual area is W, and the width of the eye box is W0; w0 < = W < = 1.5 * W0. The relation between the width of the main visual area and the width of the eye box in the display system is designed, and the naked eye 3D display effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Glasses-free 3D (G3D) is a technology that achieves stereoscopic vision without glasses. It uses light barriers, cylindrical lenses, and directional light sources to separate the left and right eye images, leveraging the principle of parallax to create a three-dimensional perception. Its core technologies, including parallax barriers, micro-cylindrical lens arrays, and pupil tracking, are widely used in gaming devices, advertising screens, medical education, and other fields. Currently, research is also underway on achieving glasses-free 3D in HUDs (head-up displays). Designing the relevant parameters in the display system to achieve optimal 3D effects is one of the current research issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present invention provide a display system and a vehicle to solve the technical problem of designing relevant parameters in a display system to improve 3D display effects.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display system, comprising a display assembly, a main viewing area, and an eye box; the display assembly comprises a display panel and a prism assembly, the prism assembly being located on a light-emitting side of the display panel, and the prism assembly comprising a plurality of prisms;

[0005] Wherein, along the first direction of the plane where the eye box is located, the width of the main viewing area is W, and the width of the eye box is W0; W0≤W≤1.5*W0.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, comprising the display system provided by any embodiment of the present invention.

[0007] The display system and vehicle provided by embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: A certain relationship is established between the eyebox width W0 and the primary viewing zone width W in a first direction of the eyebox plane, where W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.5*W0. Setting the primary viewing zone width W to be no less than the eyebox width W0 ensures that the human eye can see a clear and complete 3D image within the eyebox, and that the eye does not see repeated images when moving within the eyebox, thus ensuring a good 3D viewing experience. Furthermore, the primary viewing zone width W is not excessively large, preventing light emitted by the display assembly from excessively exceeding the eyebox range, thereby wasting light data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0009] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of a display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an eye box in a display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 A schematic top view of a display component in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view at the midline AA′;

[0013] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a field of view angle in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a display component in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a display component in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 8 A flow chart for measuring the width of a main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a method for measuring the width of a main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the strongest angle and the measurement site;

[0019] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the optical principle of cylindrical prism;

[0020] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of target sub-pixel selection in another method for measuring the width of a main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of another method for measuring the width of the main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 14A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0025] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] An embodiment of the present invention provides a display system that designs the relationship between the width of the main viewing area and the eye box width in the display system to improve the naked-eye 3D display effect. Furthermore, the image source length and the main viewing area angle are designed to meet the requirements of the main viewing area width. Still further, the focal length of the prism in the display system is designed. In addition, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for measuring the width of the main viewing area applied to the display system to meet the design requirements of the naked-eye 3D system. The above is the main technical idea of ​​the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is illustrated in the specific embodiments below.

[0027] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of a display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an eye box in a display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the display system 100 includes a display component 1, a main viewing area and an eye box 2; the display component 1 includes a display panel 10 and a prism component, the prism component includes a plurality of prisms 20, and the prisms 20 are located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10. The prisms 20 are cylindrical prisms. The display system 100 includes a plurality of prisms 20, Figure 1 Only one prism 20 is shown.

[0028] Eye box 2 refers to the three-dimensional spatial range in which the human eye can fully observe the displayed image. When viewing, the human eye needs to be within the spatial area of ​​eye box 2. Exceeding this area will cause the image to be blurred, distorted or disappear. Figure 2 In the illustrated coordinate system, directions x, y, and z are mutually perpendicular. Eyebox 2 has specific dimensions in directions x, y, and z. In applications, if direction x is horizontal and parallel to the ground and the alignment of the user's eyes, direction x is defined as the horizontal direction, representing the left-right movement of the human eye during normal use. If direction y is perpendicular to the ground and perpendicular to the x direction, direction y is defined as the longitudinal direction, representing the up-and-down movement of the human eye during normal use. If direction z is parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the x direction, direction z is the depth direction, representing the forward-backward movement of the human eye during normal use.

[0029] In a 3D display system, the viewing zone refers to the continuous area where the human eye can see a complete 3D image without cracks or transitions. In a display system that uses cylindrical prisms to achieve glasses-free 3D, the viewing zones appear periodically along the axis perpendicular to the prisms (i.e., the direction of prism arrangement). A viewing zone corresponds to a group of light rays emitted by a prism from a pixel group that overlaps with the prism. The viewing zone of the eye box 2 covered by the light rays is considered the primary viewing zone.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, along the first direction of the plane where the eye box 2 is located, the width of the main viewing area is W, and the width of the eye box 2 is W0; W0≤W≤1.5*W0. When the user is in normal use, the size of the eye box 2 in the direction z is set to the smallest limit, and the eye box 2 can be approximated as a plane, which is the plane where the eye box 2 is located, and the plane is perpendicular to the ground, and the user's eyes are located in the plane where the eye box 2 is located. The first direction is the direction in which the human eye moves left and right when the user uses the display system normally, that is, the horizontal direction parallel to the ground when the display system is used normally. The first direction is parallel to the plane where the eye box 2 is located, and the first direction is Figure 2 Indicates the direction x.

[0031] The display system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is configured to have a certain relationship between the width W0 of the eye box 2 and the width W of the primary viewing area in a first direction of the plane in which the eye box 2 resides, where W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.5*W0. Setting the primary viewing area width W to be no less than the width W0 of the eye box 2 ensures that the human eye can see a clear and complete 3D image within the eye box 2 and does not see repeated images when the eye moves within the eye box 2, thus ensuring a good 3D viewing experience. Furthermore, the width W of the primary viewing area is not too large to prevent excessive light from the display assembly 1 from exceeding the range of the eye box 2, thereby wasting light data.

[0032] In some embodiments, W0 < W ≤ 1.5*W0. The width W of the main viewing area is set to be greater than the width W0 of the eye box 2 and not too large, so that the light rays in the main viewing area emitted by the display component 1 can completely cover the area of the eye box 2, ensuring that the human eye can see a clear and complete 3D image within the eye box 2, and avoiding waste of light data caused by excessive light rays emitted by the display component 1 exceeding the range of the eye box 2.

[0033] In some embodiments, 1.1*W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.5*W0. Specifically, W = 1.1*W0, or W = 1.2*W0, or W = 1.3*W0, or W = 1.4*W0.

[0034] In some embodiments, 1.2*W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.4*W0.

[0035] In some embodiments, 1.2*W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.3*W0.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a display component in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic cross-sectional view at the position of the tangent line A-A' in Figure 3 is a top view of the display component. It can be understood that the top view direction is parallel to the direction perpendicular to the display panel 10.

[0037] As Figure 3 shown, the display panel 10 includes a display area AA. The display area AA includes a plurality of sub-pixels sp. The plurality of sub-pixels sp include sub-pixels of three colors: red, green, and blue. The arrangement manner of the plurality of sub-pixels sp in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited. Figure 3 The arrangement manner of the plurality of sub-pixels sp in Figure 3 is only for illustration. It can be seen that the plurality of sub-pixels sp overlapping with the prism 20 along the plane e perpendicular to the display panel 10 (shown in Figure 4 ) form a pixel group spZ (shown in Figure 4 ). Figure 3 Schematically shows the prism axis a. The direction b is perpendicular to the prism axis a. The direction b is the arrangement direction of the plurality of prisms 20 and also the width direction of the prism 20. It can be understood that the prism 20 overlaps with the plurality of sub-pixels sp arranged in the direction b. Figure 3 The number of sub-pixels sp overlapping with the prism 20 in

[0038] Figure 3 The schematic tangent line AA′ is parallel to the direction b, that is, the tangent line AA′ is perpendicular to the axial direction a of the prism 20 . Figure 4 The cross-section of the display panel 10 in the first plane T1 is shown. The first plane T1 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the prism 20 . Figure 4 The diagram shows three pixel groups spZ and three prisms 20 respectively overlapping the three pixel groups spZ, and also shows the optical path of light emitted by the pixel group spZ located at the middle position among the three pixel groups spZ after being acted upon by the prism 20 .

[0039] Combine Figure 4 From a 3D perspective, the light emitted by pixel group spZ will be directed toward the prism 20 that overlaps with it, as well as the prism 20 adjacent to the overlapping prism 20. The light emitted by the pixel group spZ in the middle of the three pixel groups spZ, which passes through the overlapping prism 20, is emitted in area A. The light emitted by this pixel group spZ, which passes through the left and right prisms 20, is emitted in areas B and C. The light emitted by the pixel group spZ, which passes through the overlapping prism 20, is the light in the primary viewing area. Figure 4 The light emitted from the pixel group spZ at the middle position and passing through the overlapping prism 20 and emitted into the area A is the main viewing area light. The angle range of the main viewing area light in the first plane T1 is the main viewing area angle θ. Figure 4 It illustrates that two critical rays of the main viewing area in the first plane T1 are S1 and S2, and the directions of the light S1 and the light S2 are different.

[0040] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates two light-emitting sites Q1 and Q2 within the first plane T1. These sites are located at the edges of the pixel group spZ at the center. According to the optical principles of cylindrical prisms, light from the light-emitting site Q1 within the first plane T1, directed toward different locations of the same prism 20, is acted upon by prism 20 to produce a group of parallel light rays. This means that the light emitted by the light-emitting site Q1 through the overlapping prisms 20 is parallel to the light S1. Similarly, the light emitted by the light-emitting site Q2 through the overlapping prisms 20 is parallel to the light S2. Since the light emitted by the light-emitting sites between Q1 and Q2 is emitted within region A, the angle between light S1 and light S2 is equal to the primary viewing angle θ.

[0041] The display system also has a field of view. In a 2D display system, the field of view is the angle between the edge of the display and the observation point (eye). In a 3D display system, the field of view is the angle between the edge of the virtual image and the observation point. The field of view of a 3D display system can be designed based on the field of view of a 2D display system.

[0042] Figure 5Schematic diagram of viewing angle in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the light emitted by the display component 1 in the display system is reflected and then enters the virtual image XX of the image of the eye box 2. The plane where the virtual image XX is located is parallel to the plane where the direction x and the direction y are located. The direction x and the direction y are referenced to Figure 2 Description of the embodiment: The angle between the two side edges of the virtual image XX and the line connecting the observation point G in the eye box 2 is the field angle δ in the display system. Figure 5 The horizontal viewing angle δ in the horizontal direction (parallel to the ground) under normal use is shown, that is, the horizontal viewing angle.

[0043] According to the law of conservation of etendue, the product of beam width and beam angle is a constant. Therefore, in a 3D display system, the product of the length of the image source in the direction a perpendicular to the prism 20 axis and the primary viewing angle θ is approximately equal to the product of the primary viewing width W and the field of view angle δ in the direction of the primary viewing width W. The display area AA of the display panel 10 is the image source of the display system. The primary viewing angle θ then satisfies the following relationship:

[0044] L*θ=W*δ;wherein, L is the length of the display area AA in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction a of the prism 20, that is, L is the length of the display area AA in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction a of the prism 20. Figure 3 The length of the middle direction b; δ is the field of view angle. Specifically, δ is the horizontal field of view angle.

[0045] In a display system, L and δ are known quantities, and the relationship between W and W0 is known. The primary viewing angle θ can be calculated using the above formula: θ = (W*δ) / L. This allows the design of a prism 20 shape that meets the requirements based on the primary viewing angle θ, achieving the design requirement of W0 ≤ W ≤ 1.5*W0.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a display component in another display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a cross-section of the display assembly in the first plane T1. Direction b is parallel to the first plane T1. Figure 6 As shown, the light emitted by the light-emitting sites (i.e., sub-pixels) in pixel group spZ is a group of parallel light after exiting through the prism 20. Therefore, the light-emitting sites in pixel group spZ are approximately located on the focal plane of the prism 20. In other words, along the direction e perpendicular to the plane of the display panel 10, the maximum distance between the prism 20 and the plane where the sub-pixel sp is located is f, where f is the focal length of the prism 20. In other words, the maximum distance between the light-emitting surface of the sub-pixel sp and the prism 20 is f.

[0047] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, light emitted from pixel group spZ passes through prism 20 to form primary viewing area light. This primary viewing area light has a primary viewing angle θ within first plane T1. Angle α can be calculated based on the law of refraction. Here, n0*sin(θ / 2)=n1*sinα, so α=arcsin((n0 / n1)*sin(θ / 2)). n0 is the refractive index of air, and n1 is the equivalent refractive index of prism 20.

[0048] Figure 6 Where △DFH is a right triangle, and the length of side HF of △DFH is half the width of prism 20, or half the length of pixel group spZ in direction b. If the width of prism 20 is P, then the length of HF is P / 2. Applying the trigonometric function formula to △DFH yields the focal length f of prism 20, which satisfies the following relationship:

[0049]

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention can calculate the focal length f of the prism 20 based on the main viewing area angle θ, the width P of the prism 20, and the refractive index of the prism 20. After calculating the focal length f of the prism 20, the curvature radius and thickness of the prism 20 can be simulated to ensure that the morphology of the prism 20 meets the design requirements.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 As shown, the prism assembly is a prism film 3, which includes a plurality of prisms 20. The prism film 3 is aligned and bonded to the display panel 10, with optical adhesive interposed therebetween. The bonding process of the prism film 3 to the display panel 10 is simple, and the prism film 3 exhibits excellent optical performance. The prism film 3 includes a substrate 21, on which the plurality of prisms 20 are fabricated. The substrate 21 may be a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate.

[0052] In other embodiments, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of another display component in a display system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the prism assembly is a liquid crystal prism. The prism 20 includes a common electrode 22 and a plurality of prism electrodes 23. Along a direction e perpendicular to the plane of the display panel 10, the common electrode 22 overlaps with the plurality of prism electrodes 23. Liquid crystal molecules 24 are sandwiched between the common electrode 22 and the plurality of prism electrodes 23. By applying voltages to the common electrode 22 and the plurality of prism electrodes 23, and controlling the voltages of the plurality of prism electrodes 23 in a prism 20 to have a specific voltage distribution, the electric field formed between the common electrode 22 and the plurality of prism electrodes 23 can control the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 24 to form a specific distribution, so that the optical function of the liquid crystal molecules 24 can be equivalent to that of a rod prism.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the axis a of the prism 20 is tilted relative to the edge of the display panel. Tilt means that the axis a of the prism 20 is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the edge of the display panel. In other words, the axis a of the prism 20 forms an acute angle with the edge of the display panel. For example, the axis a of the prism 2 forms an acute angle with any edge of the rectangular display panel. This arrangement can adjust the direction of the light path and enhance the stereoscopic visual effect.

[0054] In some embodiments, the display system further includes a reflective structure configured to reflect light emitted by the prism 20 and direct the reflected light toward the eyebox 2. Optionally, the reflective structure includes at least two reflective sheets. The display system provided in this embodiment may be a HUD (head-up display), and the present invention can achieve a 3D display effect.

[0055] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the type of the display panel 10. The display panel 10 may be, for example, a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, or an electronic paper.

[0056] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring the width of a main viewing area, which can be used to measure the width W of the main viewing area in the display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 8 A flow chart of measuring the width of the main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the measurement methods of the main viewing area width include:

[0058] Step S101: Measure the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 is located under multiple different ray angles V. Each ray angle V corresponds to a set of parallel light emitted by the display assembly 1 within a first plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of the prism 20. Different ray angles refer to selecting a fixed direction as a reference direction, and light rays at different angles to the reference direction have different ray angles.

[0059] Combine Figure 4As shown in the diagram, the light emitted by the light-emitting sites Q1, Q2, and Q3 on the pixel group spZ at the center position, exiting through the prism 20, each has a light angle V within the first plane T1, and the light angles V corresponding to the three sites are different. After passing through the prism 20, the light emitted by a light-emitting site on the pixel group spZ forms a set of parallel light rays in the first plane T1. By controlling the emission of sub-pixels sp at different positions within the pixel group spZ, the display component 1 can be controlled to emit light with different light angles V. If M sites are selected on the plane where the eye box 2 is located, where M is a positive integer, then when the display component 1 emits a set of light with a light angle V, the light intensity at the M sites is measured, i.e., each site has a light intensity data point measured at each light angle V. The light angle V of the light emitted by the display component 1 is then switched, and the light intensity is again measured at each of the M sites. If N different light angles V are set, where N is a positive integer, then the light intensity needs to be measured N times at each site, i.e., each site has light intensity data at N different light angles V.

[0060] For example, M sites are selected on the plane where eye box 2 is located, and N different light angles V are set. M sites E are selected, with the i-th site labeled Ei, 1≤i≤M; N different light angles V are set, with the j-th site labeled Vj, 1≤j≤N. Lij represents the light intensity at the i-th site under light angle Vj. After step S101, the following table is obtained:

[0061] Table 1: Record of light intensity at different light angles at each point

[0062] E1 E2 E3 …… EM V1 L11 L21 L31 …… LM1 V2 L12 L22 L32 …… LM2 V3 L13 L23 L33 …… LM3 …… …… …… …… …… …… VN L1N L2N L3N …… LMN

[0063] Step S102: Compare the light intensities at the site under multiple different light angles V, and record the light angle V corresponding to the maximum light intensity as the maximum angle Vm. Each site corresponds to one maximum angle Vm. That is, each site has a different light intensity measured at N different light angles V. The light angle corresponding to the one with the maximum light intensity is selected and recorded as the maximum angle Vm for that site. Each of the M selected sites corresponds to one maximum angle Vm.

[0064] Step S103: Determine the width of the main visual area according to the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple locations.

[0065] The method provided in an embodiment of the present invention controls the display component 1 to emit light at multiple different light angles V, and measures the light intensity at each light angle V at multiple locations on the plane where the eye box 2 is located. Then, the light angle V corresponding to the maximum light intensity at each location is selected as the strongest angle Vm. Based on the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple locations, the main viewing area width W of the display system can be determined.

[0066] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the principle of a method for measuring the width of the main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 The pixel group spZ located in the middle of the three pixel groups spZ shown emits light toward the three prisms 20. After passing through the three prisms 20, three light viewing zones are formed: Zone A, Zone B, and Zone C. The light within Zone A is the primary viewing zone. The two critical light beams in each viewing zone have a light angle V-1 and a light angle Vn, respectively. Light beams with light angles V-1 and Vn are emitted from the light-emitting sites Q1 and Q2 in the pixel group spZ, respectively, and then exit after passing through the prisms 20. In other words, the light beams emitted from the light-emitting sites at the edges of the pixel group spZ define the viewing zones after passing through the prisms 20.

[0067] A reflective structure is also provided in the display system. The light emitted by the display component 1 is reflected by the reflective structure and then directed toward the location of the eye box 2 . Figure 9 Although the reflective structure is not shown, it is understood that after the light beams with different light angles V emitted by the display component 1 are reflected by the reflective structure, the angle relationship between the reflected light beams corresponding to the light beams with different light angles V remains unchanged. For example, if the light beam S1 and the light beam S2 emitted by the display component 1 form an angle θ, the angle θ will also be formed between the two reflected light beams after the light beams S1 and S2 are reflected by the reflective structure. Figure 9 The light path is only simplified and the reflected light path is not shown.

[0068] Taking a head-up display system as an example, in practice, the plane where the eyebox 2 resides is relatively far from the display assembly 1. Light rays S1, S2, and S3 all reflect and reach the plane where the eyebox 2 resides. The primary viewing area width W is the width of the light emitted by a pixel group spZ and exiting through a prism 20 on the plane where the eyebox 2 resides. The distance between the points where light rays S1 and S2 reach the plane where the eyebox 2 resides after reflection is the primary viewing area width W. Furthermore, light rays S3 and S1 are parallel light. The distance between the points where light rays S3 and S1 reach the plane where the eyebox 2 resides after reflection is the width P of the prism 20 in direction b. From a spatial perspective, the width P of the prism 20 is very small (approximately a few hundred microns) and can be ignored during measurement. In other words, it can be assumed that light rays S3 and S1 arrive at the same point on the plane where the eyebox 2 resides after reflection. The primary viewing area width W can be calculated by calculating the distance between the points where light rays S3 and S2 reach the plane where the eyebox 2 resides after reflection. Because both light S3 and light S2 are emitted from light-emitting point Q2 and then exit through prism 20, they both have a light angle Vn. Therefore, by measuring the light intensity at multiple points on the plane where the eye box 2 is located under multiple different light angles V, the positions of the points on the plane where light S3 and light S2 arrive after reflection can be determined, thereby determining the width W of the primary visual area.

[0069] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the strongest angle and the measurement site. Using the main visual area width measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, 19 measurement sites E, E1 to E19, are selected on the plane where the eye box 2 is located, and 20 light angles V are set. The 20 light angles V are represented by 1, 2, 3, 4... to 20 respectively. After step S102, the strongest angle Vm corresponding to each site E is determined, and each set of data is plotted into a dotted graph as shown in FIG. Figure 10 .Depend on Figure 10 It can be seen that the strongest angle Vm at site E1 and the strongest angle Vm at site E16 are roughly equal, so the distance between sites E1 and E16 is the width of the primary visual area W. For example, if sites E are selected at equal intervals and multiple sites E are located on the same virtual line, the distance between two adjacent sites E is d, and the distance between sites E1 and E16 is 15 distances d, then the width of the primary visual area W is equal to 15*d.

[0070] In some embodiments, step S103 determines the width W of the main visual area according to the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple sites, including: comparing the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple sites, and the distance between the two sites corresponding to the same strongest angles Vm is the width W of the main visual area. Figure 9The principle illustrated in the embodiment is explained. Using the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the light intensity at multiple locations on the plane where the eye box 2 is located is measured at multiple different light angles V, and the corresponding strongest angle Vm is determined at each location. The distance between the two locations where the repeated strongest angle Vm (i.e., the same strongest angle) appears is the width W of the main visual area.

[0071] In some embodiments, step S101 measures the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 is located at multiple different light angles V, including:

[0072] Step S1011: controlling the light emitted from the display component 1 to have a light angle V in the first plane;

[0073] Step S1012: photographing the virtual image at a plurality of sites selected on the plane where the eye box 2 is located, and obtaining the light intensity at the plurality of sites.

[0074] Through steps S1011 and S1012, the light intensity at the same light angle V can be measured at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 is located. After completing a light intensity measurement at light angle V, the light angle of the light emitted by the display assembly 1 is switched to the next measurement. When N light angles V are selected, steps S1011 and S1012 are repeated N times to complete the light intensity data collection.

[0075] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 4 From a perspective, the display panel 10 includes a display area AA, which includes a plurality of sub-pixels sp. The plurality of sub-pixels sp that overlap with the prism 20 along a plane perpendicular to the display panel 10 form a pixel group spZ.

[0076] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the optical principle of cylindrical prism. Figure 11 The display panel 10 and a prism 20 overlapping the display panel 10 are shown in simplified form. Figure 11 In the illustrated three-dimensional coordinate system, o is the origin, the axial direction of the prism 20 is parallel to direction a, direction b is perpendicular to direction a, and direction c is perpendicular to directions a and b, respectively. Figure 10 As shown, the prism 20 is a cylindrical prism, which is a one-dimensional light deflecting element. The prism 20 has a deflection effect on light in the plane formed by directions b and c, and has no light deflection effect in the plane formed by directions a and c. Ideally, the sub-pixel sp in the display panel 10 is regarded as a point light source. The spherical light emitted by the sub-pixel sp is concentrated in the plane formed by directions b and c after being acted upon by the prism 20, that is, Figure 4The light rays shown in the figure converge to form area A. However, the spherical light emitted by the sub-pixel sp is not focused in the plane formed by the directions a and c after the prism 20, forming a fan-shaped surface beam 30. The light emitted by the sub-pixels sp at different positions in the pixel group spZ can form multiple fan-shaped surface beams 30, and the multiple fan-shaped surface beams 30 have different angles with the direction c, so the multiple fan-shaped surface beams 30 converge at Figure 4 The light within the schematic region A constitutes the primary viewing area. Furthermore, the fan-shaped planar light beams 30 formed by the light emitted by multiple sub-pixels sp in the pixel group spZ, which have the same corresponding positions as the prism 20, can be located within the same plane. Based on this principle, a target sub-pixel can be selected within the pixel group spZ, and the angle V of the light emitted by the display component 1 can be controlled by the target sub-pixel.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S1011 controls the light emitted from the display component 1 to have a light angle V in the first plane, including: selecting at least one sub-pixel sp in the pixel group spZ as a target sub-pixel according to a virtual line, where the virtual line is located in the region where the pixel group spZ is located and the virtual line is parallel to the axis of the prism 20; and lighting the target sub-pixel to control the light emitted from the display component 1 to have a light angle V. The number of target sub-pixels corresponding to one light angle V may be one or more.

[0078] Using the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of virtual lines is determined according to the set number of light angles V, and then multiple target sub-pixels can be determined based on multiple virtual lines parallel to the axis of the prism 20, and the light angle V of the light emitted by the display component 1 can be controlled by lighting up the target sub-pixels.

[0079] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of target sub-pixel selection in another method for measuring the width of a main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 The pixel group spZ overlapping with the prism 20 is shown, and two virtual lines located in the area where the pixel group spZ is located are shown, namely virtual line X1 and virtual line X2. The target sub-pixel Bsp is determined according to the virtual line X1 and the virtual line X2. Figure 12 The target sub-pixel Bsp is indicated by a pattern fill, and it can be seen that the target sub-pixel Bsp overlaps with the corresponding virtual line. The target sub-pixel Bsp determined by the virtual line X1 and the target sub-pixel Bsp determined by the virtual line X2 have different light angles V after being acted upon by the prism 20.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, selecting at least one sub-pixel sp as a target sub-pixel Bsp in the pixel group spZ according to a virtual line includes: measuring the distance between the center of a plurality of sub-pixels sp of the pixel group spZ and the virtual line, and selecting at least one sub-pixel sp whose distance is less than a distance threshold as the target sub-pixel Bsp. In an embodiment of the present invention, the prism 20 is tilted relative to the edge of the display panel, that is, there is an acute angle between the axial direction a of the prism 20 and the edge of the display panel. The plurality of target sub-pixels Bsp selected according to the virtual line parallel to the axial direction a of the prism 20 may be a plurality of discontinuously adjacent, discrete sub-pixels sp. In an embodiment of the present invention, the target sub-pixel Bsp is determined based on the distance between the sub-pixel sp and the virtual line parallel to the axial direction a of the prism 20. When selecting a plurality of target sub-pixels Bsp, the light rays emitted by the plurality of target sub-pixels Bsp and emitted through the prism 20 have the same light angle V. That is, one light angle V corresponds to a group of target sub-pixels Bsp.

[0081] In some embodiments, step S101 of measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 is located at multiple different light angles V includes:

[0082] Step S1010: Select multiple sites on the plane where the eye box 2 is located, and the multiple sites are located on the same virtual straight line, and the virtual straight line is parallel to the first direction.

[0083] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of another method for measuring the width of the main viewing area provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 The plane where the virtual image XX is located and the position of the eye box 2 are shown. Figure 13 As shown, multiple sites E are selected on the plane where the eye box 2 is located. The multiple sites E are located on the same virtual straight line X-1. The virtual straight line X-1 is parallel to the first direction. The first direction is parallel to the left and right movement direction x of the human eye in normal use. The direction x is parallel to the left and right movement direction x of the human eye in normal use. Figure 2 The direction x of the illustrated eye box 2 is the same.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, multiple sites E located on the same virtual straight line X-1 are selected on the plane where the eye box 2 is located. When the display component 1 is controlled to emit light with a light angle V, virtual images are photographed at the multiple sites E respectively to obtain the light intensity at each site E.

[0085] In some embodiments, the spacing distance between two adjacent sites E is d, 20μm≤d≤40μm. Among them, multiple sites E can be arranged at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals. When the size of the eye box 2 is basically obtained, if d is too small, it will lead to a large number of measurements and affect the measurement time. If d is too large, although the number of measurements is reduced, it will affect the measurement accuracy. The embodiment of the present invention sets the number and spacing of sites E according to the size of the eye box 2, which can balance the measurement accuracy and measurement time, ensuring that a more accurate measurement value of the main visual area width W is achieved in a relatively short measurement time.

[0086] In some embodiments, step S101 measures the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 resides at multiple different light angles V, including: selecting M locations on the plane where the eye box 2 resides, where W0 / (40 μm) ≤ M-1 ≤ 1.5*W0 / (20 μm), and M is an integer. In this embodiment of the present invention, the number of selected measurement locations is set based on the eye box width W0 of the eye box 2 in the first direction. This ensures that the number of selected locations is neither too few nor too many, thereby achieving a balance between measurement accuracy and measurement time, ensuring that a more accurate measurement value of the main visual area width W is achieved in a relatively short measurement time.

[0087] In some embodiments, step S101 of measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 resides at multiple different light angles V includes measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box 2 resides at N different light angles V, where N is an integer, N ≥ 15. Optionally, N is approximately 20. In this embodiment of the present invention, the number of light angles V is set to at least 15 to ensure accurate measurement of the primary visual area width W. Furthermore, setting N ≤ 30 can save measurement time.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 14 As shown, a vehicle includes a display system 100 provided by any embodiment of the present invention. Display system 100 is a head-up display system. The structure of display system 100 has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. Using display system 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention can achieve a 3D viewing effect. The human eye can see a clear and complete 3D image within the eye box 2. The human eye does not see repeated images when moving within the eye box 2. In addition, the light emitted by the display component 1 does not excessively exceed the range of the eye box 2, thus avoiding waste of light data.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display system, characterized in that: The display system includes a display assembly, a main viewing area and an eye box; the display assembly includes a display panel and a prism assembly, the prism assembly is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the prism assembly includes a plurality of prisms; Wherein, along the first direction of the plane where the eye box is located, the width of the main viewing area is W, and the width of the eye box is W0; W0≤W≤1.5*W0.

2. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: W0 <W≤1.5*W0。 3. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: The display panel includes a display area, the display area includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the plurality of sub-pixels overlapping the prism along a plane perpendicular to the display panel constitute a pixel group; The light emitted by the pixel group and emitted through the prism overlapping therewith is the main viewing area light. The angle range of the main viewing area light in the first plane is the main viewing area angle θ. The first plane is perpendicular to the prism axis. The main viewing area angle θ satisfies the following relationship: L*θ=W*δ; Wherein, L is the length of the display area in a direction perpendicular to the prism axis, and δ is the viewing angle.

4. The display system according to claim 3, wherein: The focal length f of the prism satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, P is the width of the prism, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n1 is the equivalent refractive index of the prism.

5. The display system according to claim 4, wherein: The display panel includes a display area, and the display area includes a plurality of sub-pixels; Along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display panel is located, the maximum distance between the prism and the plane where the sub-pixel is located is f.

6. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: The prism component is a prism film; Alternatively, the prism component is a liquid crystal prism.

7. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: An axial direction of the prism is inclined relative to an edge of the display panel.

8. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: The display system further includes a reflection structure, which is used to reflect the light emitted by the prism and direct the reflected light toward the eye box.

9. The display system according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the main viewing area is measured using the following method: measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box is located under multiple different light angles V; one of the light angles V corresponds to a group of parallel lights emitted by the display component in a first plane, the first plane being perpendicular to the prism axis; Comparing the light intensity of the site under multiple different light angles V, recording the light angle V corresponding to the maximum light intensity as the strongest angle Vm; one site corresponds to one strongest angle Vm; The width of the main visual area is determined according to the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple sites.

10. The display system according to claim 9, wherein: The width of the main visual area is determined according to the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple sites, including: comparing the strongest angles Vm corresponding to the multiple sites, and the interval distance between the two sites corresponding to two identical strongest angles Vm is the width of the main visual area.

11. The display system according to claim 9, wherein: Measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box is located at multiple different light angles V, including: Controlling the light emitted by the display component to have a light angle V in the first plane; The virtual image is photographed respectively at a plurality of the sites selected on the plane where the eye box is located to obtain the light intensity at the plurality of the sites.

12. The display system according to claim 11, wherein: The display panel includes a display area, the display area includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and the plurality of sub-pixels overlapping the prism along a plane perpendicular to the display panel constitute a pixel group; Controlling the light emitted by the display component to have the light angle V in the first plane includes: selecting at least one of the sub-pixels in the pixel group as a target sub-pixel according to a virtual line, wherein the virtual line is located in the region where the pixel group is located and the virtual line is parallel to the prism axis; The target sub-pixel is lit to control the light emitted from the display component to have the light angle V.

13. The display system according to claim 12, wherein: Selecting at least one of the sub-pixels in the pixel group as a target sub-pixel according to the virtual line includes: The distances between the centers of the plurality of sub-pixels in the pixel group and the virtual line are measured, and at least one sub-pixel whose distance is less than a distance threshold is selected as the target sub-pixel.

14. The display system according to claim 9, wherein: Measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box is located at multiple different light angles V, including: A plurality of the sites are selected on the plane where the eye box is located, and the plurality of the sites are located on the same virtual straight line, and the virtual straight line is parallel to the first direction.

15. The display system according to claim 14, wherein: A plurality of the sites are selected on the plane where the eye box is located, including: a spacing distance d between two adjacent sites, 20 μm≤d≤40 μm.

16. The display system according to claim 9, wherein: Measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box is located at multiple different light angles V, including: M sites are selected on the plane where the eye box is located, where: W0 / (40μm)≤M-1≤1.5*W0 / (20μm), where M is an integer.

17. The display system according to claim 9, wherein: Measuring the light intensity at multiple locations selected from the plane where the eye box is located at multiple different light angles V, including: The light intensity of a plurality of the selected sites on the plane where the eye box is located is measured at N different light angles V, where N is an integer and N≥15.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the display system according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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