Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna and terminal equipment, the terminal equipment comprises an antenna system, at least part of a first radiator of a first antenna of the antenna system is distributed on a first side edge of a first main body, and at least part of a second radiator of a second antenna of the antenna system is located on a third side edge of the first main body. The inductive structure of the first antenna is connected between the first branch knot of the first radiator and the floor, and the first branch knot and the second branch knot of the first radiator are coupled through a capacitive structure. The first antenna and the second antenna are both used for supporting at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz. According to the invention, the compact layout in the terminal equipment can be satisfied, and relatively low signal loss and low ECC can be obtained for the first antenna and the second antenna.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The application number of the original application is 202410785688.2, and the original application date is June 17, 2024. The entire content of the original application is incorporated into this application by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of radio frequency communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a terminal device. Background Art

[0003] Mobile phones and other terminal devices communicate through mobile communication networks provided by operators and also require other communication features, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and infrared. Mobile phones transmit and receive communication signals via antennas. Due to the diverse communication methods used by mobile phones, a relatively large number of antennas are required. Diversity / MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is a multi-antenna technology that fully utilizes spatial resources, enabling multiple transmissions and multiple receptions through multiple antennas. This significantly increases system channel capacity without increasing spectrum resources or antenna transmit power, demonstrating significant advantages and being considered a core technology for next-generation mobile communications. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of the antenna radiation pattern is a key parameter for measuring the diversity gain of a multi-antenna system. Multi-antenna systems require minimal correlation between antenna elements; a low ECC (low signal correlation coefficient) indicates high system diversity gain.

[0004] When designing antennas within terminal devices, antenna layout is a key challenge and key consideration due to the limited space and size of the devices. Low-frequency antennas (e.g., those operating in the 698MHz-960MHz frequency range) are particularly large, and the industry is currently facing a pressing challenge: how to arrange the low-frequency main and diversity antennas within the terminal device in a compact layout while minimizing signal loss and achieving low ECC. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an antenna and a terminal device, which realize the arrangement of an antenna system in a limited space, meet the requirements of a compact layout, and can obtain lower signal loss and low ECC.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, comprising a device body and an antenna system, the device body comprising a first body, a second body and a hinge, the first body and the second body being connected by the hinge so that the first body and the second body can be folded or unfolded relative to each other, the first body comprising a first side, a second side and a third side, the first side and the second side being arranged relative to each other, the third side being connected between the first side and the second side, and the second side being used to set the hinge. The antenna system includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a radio frequency chip. The first antenna, the second antenna, and the radio frequency chip are all arranged in the first body. The first antenna is used to generate a first resonance, and the second antenna is used to generate a second resonance. The first antenna includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure, at least part of the first radiator is distributed on the first side. The second antenna includes a second radiator and a second feeding structure, at least part of the second radiator is distributed on the third side, and the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are electrically connected to the radio frequency chip. The first antenna also includes an inductive structure and a capacitive structure. The first radiator includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch and at least part of the second branch are distributed in different areas of the first side at intervals. At least part of the second branch is located on a side of the first branch adjacent to the third side. The end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end. The first branch includes a first feeding point, a first position, and a first end. The first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure. The inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the floor. The second branch includes a second end and a grounding point. The grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, and the second end and the first end are coupled via the capacitive structure.

[0007] By placing the first antenna, the second antenna, and the RF antenna within the first body, this solution eliminates the need for the antenna signal transmission path to pass through the rotating shaft, ensuring a compact layout and facilitating low signal loss for the antenna system. By arranging the first radiator and the second radiator on the adjacent first and third sides, respectively, this solution enables the current directions exciting the first and second antennas to be orthogonal, resulting in orthogonal longitudinal and transverse modes. Specifically, the first antenna excites the longitudinal mode on the first side, and the second antenna excites the transverse mode on the third side. These two modes are orthogonal, resulting in a lower ECC.

[0008] This solution sets an inductive structure and a capacitive structure in the first antenna so that the overall length of the first radiator of the first antenna can satisfy the position of the open end of the first branch to be close to the middle position of the first side. This can enhance the longitudinal component (along the extension direction of the first side) of the first antenna, i.e., make the longitudinal mode more obvious. The inductive structure can lower the electric field strength at the position of the open end of the first branch. By lowering the electric field strength at the open end of the first branch, the performance of the first antenna is improved. Specifically, it is helpful to reduce the influence of the hand mode and improve the hand mode performance of the first antenna. This solution is conducive to obtaining a lower ECC by introducing an inductive structure and a capacitive structure.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz-960 MHz.

[0011] In one possible implementation, one of the first and second antennas is a main antenna, and the other of the first and second antennas is a diversity antenna. Based on the resonant frequency bands of the first and second antennas, it can be determined that the first antenna is a low-frequency main antenna and the second antenna is a low-frequency diversity antenna. This solution utilizes the side of the terminal device to arrange the antenna system, achieving a compact internal antenna arrangement for the terminal device by distributing the radiators of the low-frequency main antenna and the low-frequency diversity antenna on the first and third sides.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the antenna system includes a switch for circuit-side TAS, which is used to switch between a first antenna and a second antenna, enabling the first antenna to function as either a main antenna or a diversity antenna, and the second antenna to function as either a diversity antenna or a main antenna. This solution, by providing connections between the switch for circuit-side TAS and the first and second antennas, enables flexible placement of the main and diversity antennas, allowing for configuration based on the needs of the usage environment, thereby optimizing the performance of the antenna system.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the entire area of ​​the second branch is distributed along the first side, and the grounding point is located at a position on the second branch adjacent to the third side. In this solution, the first antenna excites the longitudinal mode on the first side, and the second antenna excites the transverse mode on the third side. These two modes are orthogonal, which facilitates achieving a low ECC. Specifically, the ECC between the first and second antennas can be 0.28.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first feed point, the first position, and the first end are arranged sequentially on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side. The first branch portion from the first feed point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, where 35% ≤ f' / f1 ≤ 60%. This solution helps ensure good radiation efficiency of the antenna by constraining the ratio range of the frequency difference between the first resonance and the third resonance to the first resonance, and can avoid efficiency pits in the antenna caused by the third resonance being close to the first resonance position.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz, the first feeding point, the first position, and the first end are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the first side on the first branch, and the first branch portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is within the range of 300MHz-500MHz. By constraining the frequency difference range between the first resonance and the third resonance, this solution can avoid an efficiency pit in the antenna caused by the third resonance being close to the first resonance position.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the sum of the electrical length from the first feeding point to the first position and the electrical length of the inductive structure is one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the third resonance. The inductive structure introduced in the first antenna of this solution has a high-loading effect on the three-quarter mode. By raising the frequency point position of the three-quarter mode, the efficiency pit between the two resonances caused by the proximity of the three-quarter mode resonance and the first resonance position is avoided to fall within the target frequency band. It is also possible to form a quarter-mode resonance mode from the first feeding point through the inductive structure to the ground, which can also be understood as achieving the excitation of the inductive structure to generate C-mode resonance. The open end of the first branch of the first radiator is the end of the first branch away from the second branch, which is the thumb area of ​​the hand model, that is, in the use state, the open end of the first branch is the position touched by the thumb when it is held. The stronger the electric field at the open end of the first branch, the greater the loading and absorption effect of the hand model. Therefore, by reducing the electric field strength at the open end of the first branch, the performance of the first antenna can be improved. The present application electrically connects the first branch and the floor through an inductive structure to form a quarter-mode resonance mode, which can lower the electric field strength at the open end of the first branch, thereby reducing the influence of the hand model and improving the hand model performance of the first antenna.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the first feeding point, the first position and the first end are arranged in sequence on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side, and the first branch portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is between 300MHz and 500MHz. For example, in one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is 350MHz-450MHz. For another example, in one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is 400MHz±20MHz. This scheme constrains the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance, and limits the frequency difference range to between 300MHz and 500MHz. This scheme constrains the position of the third resonance to avoid the efficiency pit of the antenna caused by the third resonance being close to the first resonance position.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, the first connecting segment being connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment being connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position. This solution designs the main branch to be a metal belt or strip structure, and the main branch can be set up using the gap between the frame of the terminal device and the main board, which is beneficial for saving space in the terminal device. The connection between the main branch and the floor and between the main branches can be achieved by welding the second connecting segment and connecting with conductive glue. The connection between the main branch and the first branch can be achieved by welding the first connecting segment and connecting with conductive glue, which is easy to assemble.

[0019] In one embodiment, the main branch can be integrally formed with the middle frame of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the main branch and the first branch of the first radiator are integrally formed, and the length of the main branch can range from 20 mm to 30 mm.

[0020] In one possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point. In one possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the second connecting segment is located between the first connecting segment and the first feeding point.

[0021] In one possible implementation, along the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-sixteenth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance point. This solution, by limiting the upper limit of the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end, helps improve the hand model performance of the first antenna.

[0022] In one possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-quarter the length of the first branch. In a specific solution, the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one-eighth the length of the first branch.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a lumped inductor electrically connected between the first location and the floor. This solution facilitates adjustment of the inductance or electrical length of the inductive structure by placing the lumped inductor between the first location and the floor, as well as adjustment of the connection position between the lumped inductor and the first branch. Specifically, the first location can be set based on specific needs. Therefore, this solution facilitates the use of the inductive structure to improve antenna efficiency within a target frequency band, thereby enhancing the hand model performance of the first antenna.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure along the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance point. This solution facilitates regulating the electric field between the open end and the first end of the first branch by constraining the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure on the first branch and the first end.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz; the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to half the length of the first branch.

[0026] In a possible implementation, a distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to three-eighths of the length of the first branch.

[0027] In a possible implementation, a distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in an extension direction of the first branch and the first end portion is less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH. In one possible implementation, the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH. The present application is conducive to adjusting the electric field strength of the open end of the first branch through the inductive structure by constraining the inductance value of the inductive structure, reducing the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improving the performance of the hand model. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be optimized for one of the frequency bands, and has little effect on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values ​​can be configured for different frequency bands, and the frequency band optimization can be carried out with a larger inductance value range.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the length of the first branch is between one-quarter and one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one-sixth and one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency of the first resonance. By constraining the electrical lengths of the first branch and the second branch, this embodiment of the present application facilitates regulating the electric field at both the open end and the first end of the first branch.

[0030] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the length of the first branch to the length of the second branch is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF. This solution is conducive to regulating the electric field at the open end and the first end of the first branch by providing a capacitive structure and constraining the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the capacitive structure includes a capacitive device, which is located in the terminal device adjacent to the first side and is arranged on a circuit board, and the two ends of the capacitive device are respectively electrically connected to the first end and one end of the second branch adjacent to the first end.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the antenna system further includes a parasitic branch, the parasitic branch antenna being disposed on the second body. When the terminal device is in a folded state, the parasitic branch is stacked between the first antenna and the first branch. The parasitic branch includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are spaced apart, an end of the first branch adjacent to the second branch is grounded, and an end of the second branch remote from the first branch is grounded. When the terminal device is in a folded state, the first branch and the first branch are stacked and face each other, and the second branch and the second branch are stacked and face each other. By providing the parasitic branch, this solution can excite the parasitic branch to produce C-mode resonance, thereby improving hand model performance.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the antenna system further includes an inductor structure connected between the parasitic branch and the ground plane. The inductor structure can adjust the electric field at the gap positions at both ends of the first branch, thereby improving the efficiency of the right-hand mode of the antenna system.

[0035] In one possible implementation, all portions of the second radiator are located on the third side. This solution, by constraining all portions of the second radiator to be located on the third side, facilitates the second antenna exciting a lateral mode on the third side, making the second antenna mode orthogonal to the first antenna mode, thereby achieving a lower ECC.

[0036] In one possible implementation, a second feeding point is provided on the second radiator, the second feeding point is electrically connected to the second feeding structure, the first end of the second radiator is an open end, the second end of the second radiator is a ground end, compared to the open end of the second radiator, the ground end is adjacent to the second side, and the extension direction of the second radiator is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side.

[0037] In a possible implementation, a grounded end of the second radiator is adjacent to the second side, and a second feeding point of the second radiator is located between the first side and the second side.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the second radiator extends from the first side to the third side, and the second radiator includes a first part and a second part interconnected as one, the second part is located on the third side, the first part is located on the first side, the end of the first part away from the second part is connected to the second branch of the first radiator and is grounded, and the second feeding point of the second radiator is located on the second part.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the first body further includes a fourth side, the fourth side being arranged opposite to the third side, the antenna system further includes a third antenna, the operating frequency band of the third antenna including at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz; the third antenna includes a third radiator and a third feeding structure, the third feeding structure being electrically connected to the RF chip;

[0040] At least part of the third radiator is distributed on the fourth side; or, at least part of the third radiator is distributed on the first side, and the third radiator distributed on the first side is located on a side of the first radiator away from the third side.

[0041] In a possible implementation, a button is provided on the first side, the button is located on a side of the first branch away from the second branch, the button and the first branch are insulated, and part of the third radiator is located at the button.

[0042] In a possible implementation, at least a portion of the third radiator is located on the third side and between the second radiator and the first radiator.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the terminal device is a smart phone; or, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the first side is a long side, the third side is a short side, the size range of the first side is less than or equal to 170 mm, and the size range of the third side is less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0044] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna comprising a first feeding structure, a first radiator, an inductive structure and a capacitive structure, wherein the first radiator comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are spaced apart, the end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end, the first branch comprises a first feeding point, a first position and a first end, the first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure, the inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the floor, the second branch comprises a second end and a grounding point, the grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, the second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure, and the antenna is used to generate a first resonance; the first branch portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, wherein 35%≦f' / f1≦60%. This solution helps ensure that the antenna has good radiation efficiency by constraining the ratio range of the frequency difference between the first resonance and the third resonance to the first resonance, and can avoid the occurrence of an efficiency pit in the antenna due to the third resonance approaching the first resonance position.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, wherein the first connecting segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

[0046] In a possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point; or the second connecting segment is located between the first connecting segment and the first feeding point.

[0047] In a possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch.

[0048] In one possible implementation, in one possible implementation, in the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one eighth of the length of the first branch.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the inductive structure includes a lumped inductor, and the lumped inductor is electrically connected between the first position and a floor.

[0050] In a possible implementation, a distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in an extension direction of the first branch and the first end portion is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0051] In a possible implementation, a distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to half the length of the first branch.

[0052] In a possible implementation, a distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to three-eighths of the length of the first branch.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz. In one embodiment, the second resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH; or, the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be optimized for one frequency band with little impact on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values ​​can be configured for different frequency bands, and the frequency band optimization is carried out, with a larger inductance range.

[0055] In a possible implementation, a frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in a range of 300 MHz-500 MHz.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the length of the first branch is between one quarter and one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one sixth and one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0057] In a possible implementation, a ratio of the length of the first branch to the length of the second branch is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

[0059] In a possible implementation, when the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the frequency of the three-quarter mode excited by the antenna is in a range from 135% to 160% of the frequency of the first resonance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in one embodiment during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0061] Figure 1B for Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in a folded state;

[0062] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in one embodiment during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0063] Figure 2B for Figure 2A A schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in a folded state;

[0064] Figure 3AA schematic diagram of a terminal device in one embodiment during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state;

[0065] Figure 3B for Figure 3A A schematic diagram of the terminal device shown in a folded state;

[0066] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of an antenna system in a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 5A A schematic plan view of an antenna system of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5B for Figure 5A Current distribution diagrams of various resonance modes of the first antenna in the illustrated embodiment;

[0069] Figure 6 A schematic plan view of the partial structural positional relationship of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application and a current distribution diagram of each resonant mode of the first antenna;

[0070] Figure 7 A schematic plan view showing the positional relationship of some structures of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 8 A schematic plan view showing the positional relationship of some structures of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 9A A schematic plan view of an antenna system of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 9B A schematic plan view of an antenna system of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of S22 (output matching) of a first antenna and a second antenna of an antenna system in a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the total efficiency and radiation efficiency of a first antenna and a second antenna of an antenna system in a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 12 A schematic diagram comparing a first antenna of an antenna system in a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application with and without an inductive structure;

[0077] Figure 13The terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application adopts Figure 5B The connection mode and the use of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown Figure 6 A comparative schematic diagram of the connection mode of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown;

[0078] Figure 14 An architectural diagram of an antenna system within a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The illustrated embodiment provides a graph of S22 (output matching) of a first antenna and a second antenna of an antenna system in a terminal device, and a graph of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna;

[0080] Figure 16 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of an antenna system in a terminal device provided by the illustrated embodiment;

[0081] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of an antenna system in which a terminal device is in a state where the first body and the second body are folded relative to each other;

[0082] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of an antenna system in which a terminal device is in a state where the first body and the second body are folded relative to each other;

[0083] Figure 19 for Figure 17 The S11 curve and Figure 18 A comparison diagram of the S11 curves of the antenna systems provided by the illustrated embodiments;

[0084] Figure 20 for Figure 17 The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown Figure 18 A comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown in the left-handed mode state;

[0085] Figure 21 for Figure 17 The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown Figure 18 The illustrated embodiment provides a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system in the right-hand mode state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0086] Explanation of some terms

[0087] C-mode and D-mode are defined based on the direction of the current generated in the antenna. When the current generated in the antenna radiator radiates outward from the ground point (e.g., symmetrically with respect to the ground point), the antenna is in C-mode. When the currents generated in the radiators all flow in the same direction, the antenna is in D-mode. For example, a patch antenna operating in C-mode requires at least one ground point. When the ground point is a certain distance from the periphery of the patch antenna radiator, the current generated in the patch antenna radiator radiates symmetrically with respect to the ground point, and radiation is achieved jointly by the patch antenna radiator and the ground. A patch antenna operating in D-mode does not require a ground point (it should be understood that a patch antenna operating in D-mode can also have a ground point). The currents generated in the radiators all flow in the same direction, and radiation is primarily achieved by the patch antenna radiator.

[0088] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0089] Radiator (or antenna branch): It is a device in the antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator (or antenna branch), which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator (or antenna branch) via the feeder line, and is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy by the radiator (or antenna branch) and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator (or antenna branch) converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy, which is transmitted to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0090] The radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet-like shape, and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna branch) may be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive frame, and may also be referred to as a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator (or antenna branch) may be implemented by a bracket conductor, and may also be referred to as a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna, has a wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and a length comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the wavelength of the medium) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, inverted F antennas (also known as IFAs), and planar inverted F antennas (also known as PIFAs). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna generally includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shapes of the sheet radiator include circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator (or antenna branch), and a ground plane, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator (or antenna branch) and the ground plane.

[0091] The radiator (or antenna branch) may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension is comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0092] The feed source / feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and a radio frequency front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include a radio frequency front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (for example, radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (for example, digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency. The feed circuit may include a transmitting path and a receiving path to realize the receiving and transmitting function of the radio frequency signal of the antenna system. The antenna system in the terminal device provided in the present application includes a feed source and at least two antennas, and the feed circuit includes a transmitting path and at least two sets of receiving paths.

[0093] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (or RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable and test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0094] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0095] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0096] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0097] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. In one embodiment, the matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered part of the antenna.

[0098] The tuning circuit is a circuit associated with adjusting the resonant frequency of the antenna. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the radiator and the floor. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the radiator. In one embodiment, the tuning circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. It is generally considered to be part of the antenna.

[0099] In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a switch and / or an electronic component / device. The switch may be an electronic component / device for switching the coupling connection of the radiator. The switch in the matching circuit / tuning circuit may also be referred to as an antenna switch. In one embodiment, the matching circuit / tuning circuit may include a filtering circuit.

[0100] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0101] The feed line, also known as the transmission line, refers to the connection line between the antenna's transceiver and the radiator. Depending on the frequency and form, the transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves. The connection point on the radiator where the transmission line is connected is usually called the feed point. Transmission lines include wire transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. Depending on the implementation form, the transmission line can include a bracket antenna body or a glass antenna body. Depending on the carrier, the transmission line can be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB (Printed Circuit Board).

[0102] Ground / Floor: This generally refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components. "Ground / Floor" can be used to ground components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground / floor" can include any one or more of the following: the grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, the grounding plate formed by the electronic device's midframe, the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film below the screen, the conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metal parts electrically connected to the above grounding layer / grounding plate / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-to-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, or the like. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and the grounding layer being electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0103] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0104] Grounding refers to coupling with the ground / floor via a grounding structure and / or grounding circuit. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as achieving physical grounding at a specific location on the frame through a portion of the middle frame's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding through a capacitor, inductor, resistor, or other device connected in series or parallel (or referred to as a device ground).

[0105] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0106] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to components that exhibit inductance, such as capacitors. Distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material, such as the equivalent inductance formed by the curling or rotation of a conductor.

[0107] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the first resonance in the antenna / radiator "generating the first resonance" mentioned in this application should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator under a certain antenna mode. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0108] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0109] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0110] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same or different, or their frequency ranges may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0111] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0114] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0115] It should be understood that the wavelength (operating wavelength) can be understood as the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium. For example, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave generated by the radiator transmitted in the medium and the wavelength transmitted in vacuum satisfy the following formula:

[0116]

[0117] Among them, λε is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium, λc is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in a vacuum, and εr is the relative dielectric constant of the medium in the dielectric layer. The wavelength in the embodiment of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency of 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiment of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0118] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding structure). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0119] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0120] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0121] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0122] It should be understood that coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) to the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to a radiator at an opening of an open end or a suspended end) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0123] The current unidirectional / reverse distribution mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side being unidirectional / reverse. For example, when unidirectional distributed current is excited on a conductor that is bent or annular (for example, the current path is also bent or annular), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of the annular conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) is opposite in direction, but still falls within the definition of unidirectional distributed current in the present application. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The unidirectional / reversal of current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0124] The terms "middle" or "mid-position" and other limitations on position and distance mentioned in the embodiments of the present application all represent a certain range. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may be a portion of the conductor that includes the midpoint of the conductor. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor may be a portion of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint of the conductor.

[0125] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0126] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0127] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0128] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0129] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss and the less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, which means more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. The larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss and the lower the antenna's system efficiency. It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna is functioning normally or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.

[0130] Diversity technology: Diversity technology utilizes a signal combining technique to combine independent, uncorrelated samples of the same signal carried on different branches, mitigating the adverse effects of channel fading on the receiver. Diversity technology essentially transmits the same signal through different domains. The receiver then combines these signals to effectively improve bit error rate performance. The concept of diversity can be simply explained as follows: if a signal along one wireless propagation path experiences a deep fade, another, relatively independent path may still contain a strong signal. This allows two or more signals to be selected from the multipath signal. The benefit of diversity is that it improves both the instantaneous and average signal-to-noise ratios at the receiver, typically by 2-3 dB. This improvement is primarily due to the instability, complexity, and time-varying nature of wireless channels.

[0131] MIMO technology, or Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, refers to the use of multiple transmit and receive antennas at the transmitter and receiver, respectively, enabling signal transmission and reception via multiple antennas at both ends, thereby improving communication quality. It fully utilizes spatial resources, enabling multiple transmissions and multiple receptions through multiple antennas. This significantly increases system channel capacity without increasing spectrum resources or antenna transmit power, demonstrating significant advantages and being considered a core technology for next-generation mobile communications.

[0132] Parallel: The parallel defined in this application is not limited to absolute parallelism. This definition of parallelism can be understood as basic parallelism, allowing for situations where the two sides are not absolutely parallel due to factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and the influence of structural flatness. Small angle errors are allowed. For example, within an assembly error range of 10 degrees, it can be understood as a parallel relationship.

[0133] Vertical: The vertical defined in this application is not limited to an absolute vertical intersection relationship (angle of 90 degrees). It allows for non-absolute vertical intersection relationships caused by factors such as assembly tolerance, design tolerance, and structural flatness. It allows for errors in a small angle range. For example, the assembly error range of 80 to 100 degrees can be understood as a vertical relationship.

[0134] The terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0135] The following describes possible implementations of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in possible implementations of the present application.

[0136] A specific embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, for example, the terminal device is a foldable device, and this mobile terminal is often held by a person's hand during use. In one embodiment, the terminal device is a smart phone. The term "foldable device" used herein refers to a device that can be folded and unfolded, and a terminal device that maintains a folded state or an unfolded state. In one embodiment, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the display interface is small, the overall size is small, and it is convenient to carry. When the terminal device is flattened, it has a larger display interface. The terminal device provided in the specific embodiment of the present application can be a folding device (such as Figure 1A 、 Figure 1B 、 Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown), it can also be a three-fold device (as Figure 3A and Figure 3B For example, when the terminal device is a foldable device, the flexible display module of the terminal device can be an inward folding structure (such as Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown), it can also be an outward folding structure (as shown Figure 2A and Figure 2B shown).

[0137] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment. Figure 1B for Figure 1AThe terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 1A and Figure 1B In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a foldable device with an inward folding design. The terminal device 100 includes a device body 10 and a flexible display module 20. The flexible display module 20 is assembled on the surface of the device body 10. The device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2, and a hinge 3. The hinge 3 is located between the first and second bodies 1, 2, so that the first and second bodies 1, 2 can be folded or flattened relative to each other. The flexible display module 20 includes a first portion 201, a second portion 203, and a bending portion 202 connecting the first and second portions 201, 203. The first portion 201 is connected to the first body 1, and the second portion 203 is connected to the second body 2. During the folding of the first and second bodies 1, 2, the flexible display module 20 is located inward in the folding direction. During the folding of the first and second bodies 1, 2, the first and second portions 201, 203 fold relative to each other, causing the bending portion 202 to bend and deform. In the folded state, the flexible display module 20 is stacked between the first and second bodies 1, 2. Figure 1B In the diagram shown, the flexible display module 20 is blocked by the device body 10 and is not visible.

[0138] Figure 2A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment. Figure 2B for Figure 2A The terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 2A and Figure 2B In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a foldable device with an outward folding design. When the first body 1 and the second body 2 of the device body 10 are folded relative to each other around the hinge 3, the flexible display module 20 is located on the outside of the folding direction. The first body 1 and the second body 2 are relatively close to each other, so that in the folded state, they are stacked. In the folded state, the flexible display module 20 wraps around the periphery of the device body 10.

[0139] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of a terminal device in a position during a transition from a flattened state to a folded state provided in an embodiment. Figure 3B for Figure 3A The terminal device is shown in the folded state. Figure 3A and Figure 3BIn one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a tri-fold device. The device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2, a hinge 3, a hinge 4, and a third body 5. The hinge 3 is connected between the first body 1 and the second body 2, and the hinge 4 is connected between the third body 5 and the second body 2. The flexible display module 20 includes a first portion 201, a bending portion 202, a second portion 203, a bending portion 204, and a third portion 205. The bending portion 202 is connected between the first portion 201 and the second portion 203, and the bending portion 204 is connected between the third portion 205 and the second portion 203. The first portion 201 is connected to the first body 1, the second portion 203 is connected to the second body 2, and the third portion 205 is connected to the third body 5. During the relative folding of the first body 1 and the second body 2, the first portion 201 and the second portion 203 correspond to an outward folding solution, that is, the first portion 201 and the second portion 203 are located on the outside of the folding direction. During the relative folding of the second body 2 and the third body 5, the second portion 203 and the third portion 205 correspond to an inward folding arrangement, i.e., the second portion 203 and the third portion 205 are located inwardly in the folding direction. In the folded state, the device body 10 and the flexible display module 20 both fold into a tri-fold structure, with the first body 1, the second body 2, and the third body 5 stacked. In the folded state, the first portion 201 is located on the outer surface of the device body 10, used for displaying the interface. The second portion 203 and the third portion 205 are sandwiched and concealed between the second body 2 and the third body 5.

[0140] Figure 3A and Figure 3B The illustrated embodiment is an S-shaped tri-fold device. The S-shaped tri-fold device can be understood as, in the folded state, the second body 2 is stacked between the first body 1 and the third body 5. In other embodiments, the terminal device can also be a G-shaped tri-fold device. The G-shaped tri-fold device can be understood as, the first body and the second body can be folded into a large U-shaped structure, with the third body folded (or stacked) between the first and second bodies.

[0141] The terminal device has an internal antenna system to enable the transmission and reception of communication signals. The antenna system can use multiple antennas. In one embodiment, the antenna system can use primary diversity technology. For example, in a mobile phone, the antenna system can be used for multi-transmission (i.e., multiple-path reception and multiple-path transmission) applications. In a base station, the antenna system can be used for single-transmission (i.e., single-path transmission and single-path reception) or multi-transmission applications.

[0142] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of an antenna system within a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the antenna system includes a baseband chip, a transceiver (also known as a radio frequency transceiver unit), an RF front-end chip, a matching circuit, and a radiator. In one embodiment, the antenna system may also include an RF socket, which is disposed between the RF front-end chip and the matching circuit; the RF socket may also be referred to as an RF test socket. Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, there are two radiators. This indicates that the antenna system provided by this solution can utilize diversity technology, with one radiator serving as the primary antenna and the other serving as the diversity antenna. Each radiator is connected to a matching circuit. The matching circuit can be used to achieve impedance matching of the signals transmitted and received by the radiators. The matching circuit can also be used to match the resonant frequency band of the RF signal.

[0143] The RF front-end chip includes a transmitting path, a receiving path, and a switch component. It should be understood that the figure only shows the RF front-end chip architecture in one embodiment. In other embodiments, the RF front-end chip may also have other architectures. Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the transmit path includes a power amplifier, a duplexer, and a switch; the receive path includes a low-noise amplifier, a filter, and a switch. In one embodiment, the switch assembly includes a circuit-side TAS (Transmit Antenna Selection) switch and an antenna tuning switch. In another embodiment, the matching circuit may also include one or more of a tuning circuit, a filtering circuit, and a switching circuit.

[0144] Figure 4 The direction of the arrow on the signal transmission line represents the direction of signal flow. Signal interaction between the baseband chip and the transceiver is bidirectional. The transceiver can receive communication signals from the baseband chip and send them to the transmit path. In the transmit path, the communication signal passes through the power amplifier, duplexer, and switch in sequence. After exiting the transmit path, the communication signal passes through the switch assembly and is then transmitted to the RF socket. The RF socket and matching circuit are electrically connected, and signal interaction between the two is also bidirectional. After passing through the matching circuit, the communication signal is transmitted to the radiator. The communication signal received by the radiator can be transmitted to the RF socket after passing through the matching circuit, and then transmitted from the RF socket to the RF front-end chip. After passing through the switch assembly, the communication signal enters the receive path, where it passes through the switch, filter, and low-noise amplifier in sequence. After the transceiver receives the communication signal, it is transmitted to the baseband chip.

[0145] In one embodiment, the RF front-end chip includes multiple independent RF paths, for example, one transmit path and two receive paths. In other embodiments, the RF front-end chip may include one or more transmit paths and one or more receive paths, and so on.

[0146] Figure 5A This is a schematic plan view of an antenna system for a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 5A The terminal device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a device body 10 and an antenna system 30. The antenna system 30 is provided in the device body 10. The device body can be Figure 1A 、 Figure 1B 、 Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 3A and Figure 3B The device body shown in any embodiment.

[0147] See Figure 5A The device body 10 includes a first body 1, a second body 2 and a rotating shaft 3. The first body 1 and the second body 2 are connected by the rotating shaft 3 so that the first body 1 and the second body 2 can be folded or unfolded relative to each other. Figure 5A The dotted frame represents the first body 1, part of the second body 2 and the hinge 3. The outer frame structure formed by the two dotted lines represents the position of the middle frame of the terminal device 100 corresponding to the side. The first body 1 includes a first side 11, a second side 12, a third side 13 and a fourth side 14. The first side 11 and the second side 12 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third side 13 and the fourth side 14 are arranged opposite to each other. The third side 13 is connected between the first side 11 and the second side 12, and the second side 12 is used to set the hinge 3. When the terminal device 100 is in a folded state, the first side 11 and the second side 12 are the parts that are held by the hand when held in the hand, especially the middle part of the first side 11 and the second side 12 and the middle part near the bottom are often held. In a specific embodiment, the third side 13 is the edge of the bottom end of the terminal device 100, and the fourth side 14 is the edge of the top end of the terminal device 100. Since the second side 12 is where the rotating shaft 3 is located, it is not convenient to set up an antenna. The radiator in the antenna system 30 provided in this application can be distributed on the first side 11, the third side 13 and the fourth side 14.

[0148] In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 provided in this application is a smartphone. In one embodiment, when the terminal device 100 is in a folded state, the first side 11 is a long side, and the third side 13 is a short side. For example, the first side 11 has a size range of less than or equal to 170 mm, and the third side 13 has a size range of less than or equal to 80 mm.

[0149] See Figure 5A In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 includes a middle frame 50 , a portion of the middle frame corresponding to the first side 11 is a first frame portion 51 , and a portion of the middle frame corresponding to the second body 2 is a second frame portion 52 . Figure 5A In the illustrated embodiment, the dotted frame represents the middle frame 50 , and the first side 11 , the second side 12 , the third side 13 and the fourth side 14 of the first body 1 are represented by dotted lines at the outer edges of the dotted frame.

[0150] In one embodiment, in the thickness direction of the terminal device 100 , the size of the first frame portion 51 is larger than the size of the second frame portion 52 .

[0151] In one embodiment, Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown, the terminal device 100 is a foldable device, and the side of the first body 1 away from the second body 2 (i.e., the first frame portion 51 corresponding to the first side 11) is a middle frame area with a larger dimension in the thickness direction. The radiator of the antenna system 30 is arranged in the first frame portion 51. When the terminal device 100 is in a folded state, in the thickness direction, the side of the second body 2 and the first frame portion 51 are not stacked, and the side of the second body 2 is retracted relative to the first frame portion 51, so that there is no obstruction on both sides of the first frame portion 51 in the thickness direction. The radiator of the antenna system 30 is arranged at the position where the first frame portion 51 is located, which is beneficial to the improvement of the radiation performance of the antenna system, and there is also enough space for the layout of the radiator of the antenna system.

[0152] See Figure 5A In one embodiment, the antenna system 30 includes a first antenna 31 for generating a first resonance, a second antenna 32 for generating a second resonance, and a radio frequency chip 33. The first antenna 31, the second antenna 32, and the radio frequency chip 33 are all disposed within the first body 1, and the radio frequency chip 33 is electrically connected to the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32. In this embodiment, by disposing the radio frequency chip 33, the first antenna 31, and the second antenna 32 within the first body 1, the signal transmission path between the radio frequency chip 33 and the controller (e.g., SOC (system on chip)) within the terminal device 100 does not need to cross or pass through the rotating shaft 3, and the transmission line between the radio frequency chip 33 and the first antenna 31, as well as the transmission line between the radio frequency chip 33 and the second antenna 32, also does not need to cross or pass through the rotating shaft. This is beneficial to reducing the loss in the radio frequency signal transmission path and improving the radio frequency transceiver performance of the antenna system 30.

[0153] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band in the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz. In one embodiment, the frequency band of the second resonance includes at least one communication frequency band in the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz. In one embodiment, one of the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 is a main antenna, and the other of the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 is a diversity antenna. In one embodiment, the antenna system includes a switch of a circuit-side cut TAS, and the switch of the circuit-side cut TAS is used to switch between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32, so that the first antenna 31 can be a main antenna or a diversity antenna, and the second antenna 32 can be a diversity antenna or a main antenna.

[0154] In one embodiment, the first antenna 31 is a low-frequency main antenna. As the low-frequency main antenna, the first antenna 31 is an antenna capable of receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves in at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz. In one embodiment, the second antenna 32 is a low-frequency diversity antenna. As the low-frequency diversity antenna, the second antenna 32 is an antenna that can only receive (not transmit) electromagnetic waves in at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz. Low-frequency antennas (low-frequency bands that support cellular communication bands) are large in size and require a large space. Therefore, how to reasonably arrange the specific position of the radiator of the low-frequency antenna in the terminal device 100 to obtain a lower ECC becomes a technical problem that is difficult to overcome. ECC is used to characterize the correlation between the amplitudes of received signals between different antenna units and is a parameter indicator for measuring the diversity performance and coupling performance of the MIMO multi-antenna system.

[0155] See Figure 5A In one embodiment, the first antenna 31 includes a first radiator 311, a first feeding structure 312, an inductive structure 313, and a capacitive structure 314, with at least a portion of the first radiator 311 distributed on the first side 11. The second antenna 32 includes a second radiator 321 and a second feeding structure 322, with at least a portion of the second radiator 321 distributed on the third side 13. By disposing at least a portion of the first radiator 311 on the first side 11 and at least a portion of the second radiator 321 on the third side 13, this solution can achieve orthogonal current directions for exciting the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32, thereby achieving orthogonal longitudinal and transverse modes for the modes excited by the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32. Specifically, the first antenna 31 can excite the longitudinal mode on the first side 11, and the second antenna 32 can excite the transverse mode on the third side 13. These two modes are orthogonal, and a lower ECC can be achieved.

[0156] See Figure 5AThe first radiator 311 includes a first branch 3111 and a second branch 3112. The first branch 3111 and at least a portion of the second branch 3112 are spaced apart and distributed in different areas of the first side 11. At least a portion of the second branch 3112 is located on a side of the first branch 3111 adjacent to the third side 13. The first branch 3111 includes an open end G, a first feeding point D, a first position E, and a first end C arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the first side 11. The end of the first branch 3111 away from the second branch 3112 is the open end G. The first feeding point D is electrically connected to the first feeding structure 312. The inductive structure 313 is electrically connected between the first position E and the floor. The second branch 3112 includes a second end B and a grounding point A. The grounding point A and the second end B are spaced apart. The second end B and the first end C are coupled via the capacitive structure 314.

[0157] In one embodiment, the first radiator 311 has only one open end, and the open end G is located in the middle area of ​​the first side 11 .

[0158] Figure 5A In the illustrated embodiment, since an inductive structure 313 and a capacitive structure 314 are provided in the first antenna 31, the capacitive structure 314 creates a gap between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 and forms a strong coupling. The capacitive structure 314 can increase the aperture of the first antenna 31, and the position of the open end G of the first branch 3111 can be closer to the middle position of the first side. This can enhance the longitudinal component (along the extension direction of the first side) of the first antenna 31, i.e., make the longitudinal mode more obvious. The inductive structure 313 can lower the electric field strength at the position of the open end G of the first branch 3111. By lowering the electric field strength at the position of the open end G of the first branch 3111, the performance of the first antenna 31 is improved. Specifically, it is beneficial to reduce the influence of the hand model and improve the hand model performance of the first antenna 31. Therefore, this solution is beneficial to obtain a lower ECC by introducing the inductive structure 313 and the capacitive structure 314.

[0159] Figure 5AIn the illustrated embodiment, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are both straight strip structures, and the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are both the extension direction of the first side 11. The terminal device 100 is a rectangle in the folded state, the first side 11 is the long side of the terminal device 100, and the third side 13 is the short side. In one embodiment, the first branch 3111 can be collinear with the second branch 3112. In other embodiments, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 can also be parallel to each other, or they can be in different lines, that is, staggered, as long as the spacing between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 can achieve the coupling of the current of the first branch 3111 to the second branch 3112. The open end G of the first branch 3111 is the end of the first branch 3111 away from the second branch 3112. The bottom end of the first branch 3111 is the first end C of the first branch 3111. The top end of the second branch 3112 is the second end B of the second branch 3112. The second end B is adjacent to the first end C of the first branch 3111. The bottom end of the second branch 3112 is the grounding point A of the second branch 3112. In other embodiments, the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 may not be set at the bottom end of the second branch 3112. The grounding point A of the second branch 3112 may be located near the bottom (i.e., the third side 13).

[0160] In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 is located at the midpoint of the first side 11 or near the midpoint. In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 can be located above the midpoint of the first side 11, that is, between the midpoint and the fourth side 14. In one embodiment, the open end G of the first branch 3111 can also be located below the midpoint of the first side 11, that is, between the midpoint and the third side 13. In one embodiment, the position of the open end G of the first branch 3111 is an area where the terminal device 100 is easily held by hand during use. The grounding point A of the second branch 3112 can be a position on the first side 11 adjacent to the third side 13.

[0161] See Figure 5AIn one embodiment, the capacitive structure 314 between the first end C and the second end B is the spacing space between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, that is, an equivalent capacitance structure is formed by forming a gap between the first end C and the second end B. Specifically, this spacing space can be filled with an insulating medium. For example, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are formed directly on the middle frame of the terminal device by slits, and the insulating medium is filled at the position of the gap to realize the capacitive structure 314 formed between the first end C and the second end B. The dimensions in the width direction of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, and the vertical distance between the first end C and the second end B in the direction extending along the first side 11 determine the capacitance value of the capacitive structure 314. In one embodiment, the spacing distance between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 is less than or equal to 2 mm. By constraining this spacing distance, it is beneficial to provide a suitable coupling amount, and can meet the shape of the outer surface of the middle frame of the terminal device (avoiding poor appearance integrity caused by too large a spacing), and ensure structural strength. In one embodiment, the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 314 is greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF. The capacitive structure 314 is configured to adjust the electric field at both ends of the first branch 3111 (the open end G and the first end C). By adjusting the electric field, the influence of the hand mode can be reduced, thereby improving the hand mode efficiency of the first antenna.

[0162] The first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna system provided in the present application are frame antennas, that is, the antennas are set up using the frame area of ​​the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311, and the second radiator 321 are made on the middle frame 50 of the terminal device 100. The middle frame 50 is made of metal. During the process of making the middle frame 50, a metal frame is directly milled out on the middle frame 50 to form the first branch 3111, the second branch 3112 and the second radiator 321. In one embodiment, the frame can be a non-conductive material, and the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311, and the second radiator 321 can also be a strip-shaped conductive structure, fixed to the inner surface of the frame of the terminal device or at least partially embedded in the middle frame 50, for example, fixed to the inner surface of the middle frame 50 by gluing.

[0163] Figure 5AIn one embodiment shown, all components of the first radiator 311 are distributed in the middle and bottom areas of the first side 11. The top area of ​​the first side 11 can be used to house terminal device buttons or other antennas. All components of the second radiator 321 are distributed on the third side 13. By placing the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 on the adjacent first side 11 and third side 13, respectively, this solution can ensure that the current directions exciting the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 are orthogonal, resulting in orthogonal longitudinal and transverse modes. Specifically, the first antenna 31 excites the longitudinal mode on the first side 11, while the second antenna 32 excites the transverse mode on the third side 13. These two modes are orthogonal, resulting in a low ECC. Specifically, the ECC between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 can be 0.28.

[0164] In one embodiment, a floor 15 is provided within the terminal device 100, and both the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 have grounding points electrically connected to the floor 15. The floor 15 can be understood as at least a portion of any ground layer, ground plate, or ground metal layer within the terminal device 100, or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned ground layers, ground plates, or grounding components. The floor can be used to ground components within the terminal device 100. In one embodiment, the floor 15 can be the ground layer of the terminal device's circuit board, a ground plate formed by the metal casing of the terminal device 100, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film beneath the screen. Any of the aforementioned ground layers, ground plates, or ground metal layers are made of a conductive material. For example, the conductive material may be, but is not limited to, the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate and aluminum-plated substrate.

[0165] Figure 5A In the illustrated embodiment, the floor 15 can be the grounding layer of a circuit board within the terminal device, the middle plate of the midframe, or the grounding portion of another component, such as the grounding portion of a battery pack. Specifically, the midframe of the terminal device includes a support plate (or midplate) and a frame, which is connected to the edge of the support plate and surrounds the support plate. The support plate can be used to mount components such as circuit boards, batteries, and heat dissipation structures.

[0166] See Figure 5A In one embodiment, the first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322 are electrically connected to the RF chip 33. In one embodiment, the RF chip 33 may include Figure 4In the embodiment of the present application, the RF front-end chip, transceiver, and baseband chip are used. The RF chip 33 transmits an electrical signal to the first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322. The first feeding structure 312 and the second feeding structure 322 stimulate the first radiator 311 and the second radiator 321 to generate current, thereby forming a resonant mode of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0167] Figure 5B for Figure 5A The current distribution diagram of each resonance mode of the first antenna in the embodiment shown is shown. Figure 5B When the first feeding structure 312 feeds power to the first radiator 311, the first radiator 311 mainly generates two modes of current, namely, quarter-mode current and three-quarter-mode current. In the quarter-mode, the first radiator 311 is in the fundamental mode. For example, in one case, the current direction of the first antenna 31 in the quarter-mode is: the current flows from the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 to the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111; in another case, the current direction of the first antenna 31 in the quarter-mode is: the current flows from the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111 to the grounding point A of the second branch 3112. In the quarter-mode, the current is distributed on the first radiator 311 as a unidirectional current, passing through the first radiator 311 in the positive or reverse order of the grounding point A, the second end B, the first end C, the first position E, the first feeding point D, and the top G, with no reverse current. In the three-quarter mode, the first radiator 311 is in a higher-order mode, and the current on the first radiator 311 has a reversal point, which corresponds to the electric field strength point on the first branch 3111. For example, in one embodiment, in the three-quarter mode, the current in one direction (downward) flows from the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111 to the first position E adjacent to the first branch 3111 (referred to as the reversal point), while the current in the other direction (upward) flows from the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 to the second end B of the second branch 3112, then enters the first end C of the first branch 3111, flows through the first position E, and reaches the reversal point. In the three-quarter mode, the current reversal point of the first antenna 31 can also be located in the gap between the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, that is, the current on the first branch 3111 and the current on the second branch 3112 are opposite.

[0168] See Figure 5BWhen the first feeding structure 312 feeds power to the first radiator 311, the inductive structure 313 is connected between the first branch 3111 and the floor 15, realizing inductive loading between the first branch 3111 and the floor 15. The inductive structure 313 is excited to generate quarter-mode resonance (also known as C (Common mode) resonance). For example, the current direction in this mode can be: from the inductive structure point F where the inductive structure 313 is connected to the floor 15 to the first position E where the inductive structure 313 is connected to the first branch 3111, and then from the first position E to the first feeding point D of the first branch 3111.

[0169] In one embodiment, the first branch portion from the first feeding point D to the first position E and the inductive structure 313 are used to jointly generate a third resonance. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, wherein 35% ≦ f' / f1 ≦ 60%. In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is within the range of 300MHz-500MHz. In one embodiment, the sum of the electrical length from the first feeding point D to the first position E on the first branch 3111 and the electrical length of the inductive structure 313 is one-fourth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the third resonance where the first antenna 31 is located.

[0170] In one embodiment, due to the provision of a capacitive structure 314 in the first antenna, the aperture of the first antenna 31 is increased, and the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator are brought closer. The efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator may fall within the target frequency band. When the user holds the electronic device (or referred to as a hand model), the resonant frequency of the three-quarter mode is further lowered, which will lower the in-band efficiency (for example, antenna system efficiency) of the target frequency band (for example, at least one communication frequency band within the low frequency range of 698-960 MHz). In this solution, the introduction of the inductive structure 313 in the first antenna 31 can increase the resonant frequency of the three-quarter mode (or in other words, have a high loading effect on the three-quarter mode), which is beneficial to reducing the efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode, or in other words, it is beneficial to pull the efficiency pit between the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode out of the target frequency band, thereby improving the in-band efficiency of the first antenna.

[0171] In one embodiment, when the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the frequency of the three-quarter mode excited by the antenna is in a range from 135% to 160% of the frequency of the first resonance.

[0172] In one embodiment, the introduction of the inductive structure 313 can also realize the formation of an additional quarter-mode resonance mode from the first feeding point D through the inductive structure 313 to the ground, which can also be understood as realizing the excitation of the inductive structure 313 to generate C-mode resonance. For conventional quarter-mode and three-quarter-mode, the open end G of the first branch 3111 of the first radiator 311 is an electric field strength area. When the user holds the electronic device, for example, when the user's head and / or hand is close to or even blocks the open end G of the first branch 3111, the first antenna 31 is affected by the user, resulting in a decrease in antenna performance, for example, a decrease in the system efficiency of the antenna. Therefore, by reducing the electric field strength at the open end G of the first branch 3111, the performance of the first antenna 31 can be improved. In this application, the inductive structure 313 is electrically connected between the first branch 3111 and the floor 15 to form a quarter-mode resonant mode. This can reduce the electric field strength at the location of the first feeding point D and the electric field strength at the location of the open end G, thereby reducing the impact of the user holding the electronic device (or also known as the hand model) and improving the hand model performance of the first antenna 31. In one embodiment, the provision of the inductive structure 313 improves the right-hand mode performance of the first antenna 31 by 1.7dB and the left-hand mode performance by 0.5dB.

[0173] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the length CG of the first branch 3111 of the first antenna 31 ranges from one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance to one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. In one embodiment, the length AB of the second branch 3112 ranges from one-sixth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna 31 to one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0174] In one embodiment, the ratio of the length CG of the first branch 3111 to the length AB of the second branch 3112 is in the range of AB / CG being greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

[0175] The embodiment of the present application helps to adjust the electric field at the open end G and the first end C of the first branch 3111 by constraining the electrical length of the first branch 3111 and the electrical length of the second branch 3112.

[0176] By constraining the length ratio range of the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112, the embodiment of the present application is equivalent to constraining the position of the capacitive structure 314 on the first radiator 311. This is conducive to effectively increasing the aperture of the first antenna 311. Specifically, it increases the aperture of the first radiator 311 when it produces the first resonance (quarter mode), thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first radiator 311 and the system efficiency of the first antenna 311. Because the aperture of the first radiator 311 when it produces the first resonance (quarter mode) is effectively increased, the three-quarter mode and the quarter mode generated by the first radiator 311 are closer than when the capacitive structure 314 is not provided.

[0177] In one embodiment, the physical length CG of the first branch 3111 is 50 mm, and the physical length AB of the second branch 3112 is 24.5 mm.

[0178] In one embodiment, the physical length CG of the first branch 3111 is 50 mm, and the physical length AB of the second branch 3112 is 33.2 mm.

[0179] See Figure 5A In one embodiment, all portions of the second radiator 321 are located on the third side 13. One end of the second radiator 321 includes a second feeding point P, and the other end of the second radiator 321 includes a grounding point T, which is electrically connected to the floor 15. The second radiator 321 extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the first side 11. The grounding point T of the second radiator 321 is adjacent to the second side 12, and the second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is located between the first side 11 and the second side 12; alternatively, the second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is adjacent to the midpoint of the third side 13 relative to the grounding point T, and the grounding point T of the second radiator 321 is adjacent to the second side 12 relative to the second feeding point P.

[0180] See Figure 5B When the second feeding structure 322 feeds power to the second feeding point P, it stimulates the second radiator 321 to generate current. For example, in one case, the direction of the current on the second radiator 321 is along the extension direction of the third side 13, flowing from the ground point T to the second feeding point P.

[0181] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 321 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the second antenna 32 at the second resonance.

[0182] In one embodiment, the length ratio of the first radiator 311 to the second radiator 321 ranges from 5 / 3 to 3 times.

[0183] See Figure 5AIn one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 is composed of strip-shaped or strip-shaped branches. The inductive structure 313 includes a first connecting segment 113A, a second connecting segment 113B, and a main branch 1131 connected between the first connecting segment 113A and the second connecting segment 113B. The first connecting segment 113A is connected between one end of the main branch 1131 and the floor 15, and the second connecting segment 113B is connected between the other end of the main branch 1131 and the first position E of the first branch 3111. In one embodiment, the main branch 1131 is designed as a metal strip-shaped or strip-shaped structure. The main branch 1131 can be set by utilizing the gap between the frame and the main board of the terminal device 100, which is conducive to saving space in the terminal device 100. The connection between the main branch 1131 and the floor 15 and the main branch 1131 can be achieved by welding the second connecting segment 113B and connecting through conductive glue. The connection between the main branch 1131 and the first branch 3111 is achieved by welding the first connecting segment 113A and connecting with conductive adhesive, facilitating assembly. Because the inductive structure 313 is a strip-shaped or strip-shaped conductive branch structure, there is no need for an inductor, as inductors must be mounted on a circuit board. Therefore, this solution eliminates the need for a circuit board near the first radiator 311, saving space near the first radiator 311. This freed space can be used for other components, such as batteries.

[0184] In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 can also be integrally formed with the first branch 3111, for example, the first connecting segment 113A, the second connecting segment 113B and the main branch 1131 are structures milled directly on the middle frame by CNC (computer numerical control machine tool, which is the abbreviation of computer numerical control machine tool (Computer Numerical Control), which is an automated machine tool controlled by a program). In one embodiment, the first connecting segment 113A, the second connecting segment 113B and the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313, as well as the first branch 3111 and the second branch 3112 are all part of the middle frame. In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 can be electrically connected to the floor 15 of the terminal device 100, for example, the inductive structure 313 is electrically connected to the middle plate, which is part of the floor. The middle plate is a grounded metal part in the terminal device, for example, the middle plate can be the grounding layer of the circuit board, the metal shell, other devices or the grounding part of the battery pack, etc.

[0185] See Figure 5A and Figure 5BIn one embodiment, in the extension direction of the first branch 3111, the first connecting segment 113A is located between the second connecting segment 113B and the first feeding point D. In this embodiment, the direction of the current between the first feeding point D and the first position E on the first branch 3111 is opposite to the direction of the current on the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313.

[0186] See Figure 5A and Figure 5B In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the distance between the second connecting segment 113B and the first end portion C is less than or equal to one-sixteenth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance of the first antenna 31. This solution improves the hand model performance of the first antenna 31 by limiting the upper limit of the distance between the second connecting segment 113B and the first end portion C.

[0187] In one embodiment, the distance between the second connecting segment 113B and the first end portion C is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch segment 3111. In a specific solution, the distance between the second connecting segment 113B and the first end portion C is less than or equal to one eighth of the length of the first branch segment 3111.

[0188] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance. The equivalent center position can be defined as: the position of the inductive center of the inductive structure 313 or the center of the physical length of the inductive structure 313 itself corresponding to the first side edge, or the position of the vertical projection of the inductive center of the inductive structure 313 or the center of the physical length of the inductive structure 313 itself on the first branch 3111. This solution facilitates adjusting the electric field of the open end G and the first end C of the first branch 3111 by constraining the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 on the first branch and the first end. In general, the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 can be located at: the midpoint of the first branch 3111, or between the midpoint of the first branch 3111 and the first end C.

[0189] In one embodiment, the first resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz; the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to 20 mm. In one possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0190] In one embodiment, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to one-half the length of the first branch 3111. In a possible implementation, the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111 and the first end C is less than or equal to three-eighths the length of the first branch 3111.

[0191] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure 313 is a fixed value, and the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure 313 is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH. In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure 313 is adjustable, and the equivalent inductance of the inductive structure 313 is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH. When the inductance of the inductive structure is a fixed value, it can be optimized for one frequency band with little impact on other frequency bands. When the inductance of the inductive structure is adjustable, different inductance values ​​can be configured for different frequency bands, and frequency band optimization can be achieved, resulting in a wider inductance range.

[0192] This application constrains the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure 313, which is beneficial for adjusting the electric field strength of the open end G of the first branch 3111 through the inductive structure 313 in the target frequency band (for example, the low frequency band), reducing the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improving the performance of the hand model.

[0193] In one embodiment, the length of the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313 is less than the length of the first branch 3111 . For example, the physical length of the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313 is less than 50 mm.

[0194] Figure 6 This is a schematic plan view of the partial structural position relationship of a terminal device provided by one embodiment of the present application and a current distribution diagram of each resonance mode of the first antenna. Figure 5A The embodiment shown, Figure 6 The embodiment shown differs in that the first position on the first branch is different, and the connection direction between the inductive structure 313 at the first position and the floor is different.

[0195] See Figure 6 In one embodiment, in the extension direction of the first branch 3111, the second connecting segment 113B is located between the first connecting segment 113A and the first feeding point D. In this embodiment, the direction of the current between the first feeding point D and the first position E on the first branch 3111 is the same as the direction of the current on the main branch 1131 of the inductive structure 313. Figure 6 The first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31 provided in the embodiment shown can also be excited to generate two modes of current, namely, a quarter mode current and a three-quarter mode current. Specifically, these two current modes are related to Figure 5B The current pattern on the first radiator in the provided embodiments is the same and will not be described in detail.

[0196] Figure 7 This is a schematic plan view of the partial structural position relationship of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 In one embodiment, the inductive structure 313 includes a lumped inductor 1132, and the lumped inductor 1132 is electrically connected between the first position E and the floor 15. In this embodiment, the first position E is the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 in the extension direction of the first branch 3111. The equivalent center position can be defined as: the inductive center or the center of the physical length of the inductive structure 313. In one embodiment, the distance between the first position E and the first end C is less than or equal to one-eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance. This scheme is beneficial to adjusting the electric field between the open end G of the first branch 3111 and the first end C by constraining the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure 313 on the first branch and the first end C. This solution facilitates adjustment of the inductance value or electrical length of the inductive structure 313 by setting the lumped inductor device 1132 between the first position E and the floor 15, and also facilitates adjustment of the connection position between the lumped inductor device 1132 and the first branch 3111, that is, the first position E can be set according to specific needs. Therefore, this solution is conducive to making the inductive structure 313 easier to use to improve the antenna efficiency of the antenna within the target frequency band, thereby improving the hand model performance of the first antenna 31.

[0197] In one embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the lumped inductor 1132 is fixed, and the equivalent inductance of the lumped inductor 1132 is greater than or equal to 4 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. In another embodiment, the equivalent inductance of the lumped inductor 1132 is adjustable, and the equivalent inductance of the lumped inductor 1132 is greater than or equal to 2 nH and less than or equal to 7 nH. By constraining the inductance of the lumped inductor 1132, the present application facilitates adjusting the electric field strength at the open end G of the first branch 3111 through the inductive structure 313, reducing the loading and absorption effects of the hand model, and improving the performance of the hand model.

[0198] In one embodiment, the distance between the first position E and the first end C, and the length CG of the first branch 3111, satisfy: EC / CG is less than 0.5. In one embodiment, the length CG of the first branch 3111 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. In one embodiment, EC / CG is less than 0.25. In one embodiment, the length CG of the first branch 3111 is one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance. In summary, the position of the first position E on the first branch 3111 can be between the midpoint of the first branch 3111 and the first end C, and the distance between the first position E and the midpoint of the first branch can be greater than or equal to the distance between the first position and the first end C, that is, the first position is set closer to the first end C. This scheme is conducive to the arrangement of the inductive structure 313 by constraining the specific position of the first position E, so as to achieve the loading of a lumped inductor device or a distributed inductor structure (the distributed inductor structure can be as shown in the figure) within the above-mentioned equivalent inductance value range at an appropriate position of the first branch 3111 in the target frequency band. Figure 5A shown).

[0199] Figure 8 This is a schematic plan view of the partial structural position relationship of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 In one embodiment, the capacitive structure 314 includes a capacitive device 1141, which is located in the terminal device 100 adjacent to the first side 11 and is arranged on a circuit board (which can be understood as Figure 8 The center floor 15 is located on a circuit board, and the two ends of the capacitive device 1141 are electrically connected to the first end C and the second end B of the second branch 3112, respectively. The equivalent capacitance of the capacitive device 1141 is within a range of 0.5 pF or greater and 3 pF or less. This solution facilitates regulating the electric field at the open end G and the first end C of the first branch 3111 by providing the capacitive structure 314 and constraining the range of the equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure 314.

[0200] The antenna system in the terminal device provided in this application also includes other antennas arranged at the frame position. Figure 9A A plan view of an antenna system of a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0201] It should be understood that the mid-high frequency antenna operates in at least one communication frequency band within the middle band (MB) (eg, 1700-2170 MHz) and / or the high band (HB) (eg, 2300-2700 MHz).

[0202] See Figure 9AIn one embodiment, the antenna system 30 further includes an intermediate / high frequency antenna 34, with portions of the intermediate / high frequency antenna 34 distributed along the third side 13. In one embodiment, the intermediate / high frequency antenna 34 includes a first unit 341. Most of the radiator of the first unit 341 is located on one side of the third side 13, between the second antenna 32 and the first antenna 31. The first unit 341 can be connected to a grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31.

[0203] In one embodiment, a portion of the mid-high frequency antenna 34 is distributed along the first side 11. At least a portion of the mid-high frequency antenna 34 distributed along the first side 11 is located on a side of the first antenna 31 away from the third side 13. Specifically, the mid-high frequency antenna 34 includes a second unit 342 and / or a third unit 343. The second unit 342 is located at the top of the first antenna 31, and the second unit 342 is spaced apart from the open end G of the first branch 3111. The third unit 343 can be disposed at the junction of the first side 11 and the fourth side 14, with a portion of the third unit 343 located at the top of the first side 11 and a portion of the third unit 343 located at the left end of the fourth side 14.

[0204] In one embodiment, part of the mid-high frequency antenna 34 is distributed along the fourth side 14. Specifically, the mid-high frequency antenna 34 includes a fourth unit 344 and / or a fifth unit 345. The fourth unit 344 is located in the middle of the fourth side 14. The fifth unit 345 can be located at the right end of the fourth side 14. The fifth unit 345 can be grounded via the rotation axis of the second side 12.

[0205] In one embodiment, a button 17 is provided on the first side 11, and the button 17 is located on the side of the first branch 3111 away from the second branch 3112. The button 17 and the first branch 3111 are insulated and spaced apart. Part of the medium and high frequency antenna 34 can be located at the button 17. Figure 9A As shown, the second unit 342 is arranged at the position of the key 17 .

[0206] See Figure 9A Each unit in the medium / high frequency antenna 34 may be a third antenna within the terminal device provided in this application. For example, the first unit 341, the second unit 342, the third unit 343, and the fourth unit 344 may each be a different third antenna, or two or more of the units may constitute a single third antenna. The operating frequency band of the third antenna includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz.

[0207] In one embodiment, the third antenna ( Figure 9AThe third unit 343 in the figure includes a third radiator 3431 and a third feeding structure 3432, and the third feeding structure 3432 is electrically connected to the RF chip 33. In one embodiment, the RF chip 33 includes an integrated RF circuit that can transmit RF signals to multiple different antennas at the same time. In one embodiment, the RF chip 33 may include multiple independent small chips, each of which transmits RF signals to different antennas. For example, one of the small chips transmits RF signals to the first antenna and the second antenna at the same time, and the other small chip transmits RF signals to the third antenna. In one embodiment, at least part of the third radiator 3431 is distributed on the fourth side 14. In one embodiment, at least part of the third radiator 3431 is distributed on the first side 11. The third radiator 3431 distributed on the first side 11 is located on the side of the first radiator 311 away from the third side 13.

[0208] Figure 9B This is a schematic plan view of an antenna system for a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 9B and Figure 5A , Figure 9B The embodiment shown and Figure 5A The illustrated embodiments are similar, both comprising a first antenna 31 , a second antenna 32 and a radio frequency chip 33 . Figure 9B The embodiment shown provides an antenna system with Figure 5A The differences between the antenna systems provided in the illustrated embodiments include: the specific structure of the second radiator 321 is different. Figure 9B The embodiment shown provides an antenna system in which the first antenna 31 is connected to the Figure 5A The first antennas of the antenna systems provided in the illustrated embodiments may be the same, and therefore, the specific structure of the first antenna 31 will not be described in detail. Figure 9B The embodiment shown differs in the design of the third side 13 , which will be described in detail below.

[0209] The second radiator 321 includes a first section 321A, a second section 321B, and a connecting structure 321C. The first section 321A and the second section 321B are located on one side of the third side 13. The first section 321A is located between the second branch 3002 and the second section 321B. One end of the first section 321A forms a first bottom gap G1 on the third side 13, and the other end of the first section 321A forms a second bottom gap G2 between the second section 321B. The connecting structure 321C connects between the first section 321A and the second section 321B. In one embodiment, the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center of the third side 13. In one embodiment, the area between the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 is used to accommodate a charging port or headphone jack, etc., for a terminal device.

[0210] In one embodiment, the connection structure 321C includes a zero-ohm device or a transmission line structure, with the two ends of the zero-ohm device or the transmission line respectively connected to the first segment 321A and the second segment 321B. In one embodiment, the connection structure 321C includes an inductive device, a capacitive device, or a combination thereof, disposed on a circuit board within the terminal device, with the two ends respectively connected to the first segment 321A and the second segment 321B. It should be understood that the zero-ohm device, the transmission line, the inductive device, the capacitive device, etc. can adjust the electrical length of the second radiator 321 to a certain extent, so that it resonates in the target frequency band (e.g., the third resonance).

[0211] See Figure 9A In one embodiment, the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 in the antenna system 30 has a segmented structure, forming a second bottom gap G2 between the first segment 321A and the second segment 321B. The second bottom gap G2 and the first bottom gap G1 are symmetrically located on either side of the center of the third side 13, creating a symmetrical slotted feature on the bottom of the terminal device, which helps improve the user experience of the terminal device. In one embodiment, the first bottom gap G1 and the second bottom gap G2 are located on either side of a terminal device port (e.g., a charging port, a headphone port, a SIM card port, etc.), which also helps improve the symmetry of the terminal device's bottom appearance and enhances the user experience.

[0212] In one embodiment, Figure 9B The embodiment shown provides an antenna system with Figure 5AThe antenna system provided in the illustrated embodiment also differs in that a first branch 3001 and a second branch 3002 are added. The antenna system includes a second radiator 321, a first branch 3001, and a second branch 3002, disposed on the third side 13. The first branch 3001 and the second branch 3002 are interconnected to form an L-shaped structure. The first branch 3001 is connected between the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311 and the second branch 3002. In one embodiment, the first branch 3001 extends in the direction of the first side 11, and the second branch 3002 extends in the direction of the third side 13. A first bottom gap G1 is formed between the second branch 3002 and the first segment 321A.

[0213] based on Figure 9B In the embodiment shown, in one embodiment, branch 1 3001 and branch 2 3002 may be part of the first radiator 311 of the first antenna. In one embodiment, branch 1 3001 and branch 2 3002 may also be part of the second radiator 321 or parasitic branches. In one embodiment, branch 1 3001 and branch 2 3002 may also serve as part of the IF antenna 34 of the antenna system 30, such as the first unit 341 of the IF antenna 34. In one embodiment, branch 1 3001 and branch 2 3002 may not participate in any antenna radiation and may simply serve as part of the midframe of the terminal device.

[0214] See Figure 10 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing S22 (output matching) of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 The middle curve S22 represents the return loss of the first antenna, the curve S33 represents the return loss of the second antenna, and the curve S23 represents the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. At point P, when the resonant frequency is 0.85007 GHz, the return loss of the first antenna is -11.112 dBa, and the return loss of the second antenna is even smaller, close to -20 dBa. Figure 10 It can be seen that in the terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the return loss of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system is less than -10dB within their resonant frequency bands, meeting the antenna radiation performance requirements. The isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is also guaranteed, meeting the signal transmission and reception performance requirements of the first and second antennas.

[0215] See Figure 11 , Figure 11A schematic diagram of the total efficiency and radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna system in the terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Among them, curve CR1 represents the curve of the total efficiency of the antenna system provided in one embodiment of the present application. At point P1, when the resonant frequency is 0.83341 GHz, the total efficiency of the antenna system is -6.1703 dBi. Curve CR2 represents the curve of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system provided in one embodiment of the present application. At point P2, when the resonant frequency is 0.824 GHz, the radiation efficiency of the antenna system is -7.6335 dBi. Among them, CR3 represents the curve of the total efficiency of the antenna system provided by an existing solution, and CR4 represents the curve of the radiation efficiency of the antenna system provided by an existing solution. Comparing these four curves, it can be seen that the antenna system provided in the present application has good total efficiency and radiation efficiency.

[0216] See Figure 12 , Figure 12 A schematic diagram comparing the first antenna of an antenna system within a terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application with and without an inductive structure. Curve CR1 represents the return loss curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without an inductive structure; curve CR2 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without an inductive structure; curve CR3 represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system without an inductive structure; curve CR4 represents the return loss curve of the first antenna in an antenna system with an inductive structure according to the present application; curve CR5 represents the radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system with an inductive structure according to the present application; and curve CR6 represents the total system efficiency curve of the first antenna in an antenna system with an inductive structure according to the present application. Figure 12 In the figure, the portion enclosed by the dotted oval frame at the left end of the curve CR4 represents the C-mode resonance excited by the inductive structure, which is labeled as C-mode in the figure; the portion enclosed by the dotted oval frame at the right end of the curve CR4 represents the three-quarter mode resonance excited by the first antenna, which is labeled as three-quarter mode in the figure; the portion enclosed by the dotted oval frame at the right end of the curve CR1 represents the three-quarter mode resonance excited by the first antenna, which is labeled as three-quarter mode in the figure. Comparing curve CR4 and curve CR1, it can be seen that the present application, by setting up an inductive structure, can not only have a high-loading effect on the three-quarter mode, but also can realize the transmission from the first feeding point through the inductive structure to the ground, thereby forming a quarter-mode (C-mode resonance) resonance mode. It can also be understood that the present application can excite the inductive structure to produce C-mode resonance (while the solution without the inductive structure represented by curve CR1 cannot produce C-mode resonance). Therefore, the introduction of the inductive structure in the present application is conducive to improving the hand mode performance of the first antenna.

[0217] See Figure 13 , Figure 13 The terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application adopts Figure 5B The connection mode and the use of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown Figure 6 A comparative schematic diagram of the connection method of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown. Figure 13 The curve CR1 in the figure shows the Figure 5B A return loss curve diagram of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in the figure with the inductive structure connected; Figure 13 The curve CR2 in the figure shows the Figure 5B A radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 ; Figure 13 The curve CR3 in the figure shows the Figure 5B A graph showing the total system efficiency of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in the figure, in which the inductive structure is connected; Figure 13 The curve CR4 in the figure shows the Figure 6 A return loss curve diagram of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in the figure with the inductive structure connected; Figure 13 The curve CR5 in the figure shows the Figure 6 A radiation efficiency curve of the first antenna in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 ; Figure 13 The curve CR6 in the figure shows the Figure 6 A graph showing the total system efficiency of the first antenna in the embodiment shown is provided with the inductive structure connected thereto. Figure 13 It can be seen that the use of Figure 5B The connection mode and the use of the inductive structure in the embodiment shown Figure 6 The connection methods of the inductive structures in the illustrated embodiments can achieve a high loading effect on the three-quarters mode and can stimulate the generation of a quarter mode resonance (C-mode resonance), which is beneficial to improving the hand mode performance of the first antenna.

[0218] See Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a diagram of the architecture of the antenna system in the terminal device provided in one embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the basic architecture of the first antenna 31 is the same as Figure 5B The first antenna in the embodiment shown is the same, and the first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31 is located on the first side 11. Figure 5BIn the illustrated embodiment, the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is shifted upward, allowing a portion of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 to be disposed on the first side 11. Along the extension direction of the first side 11, a portion of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is disposed at the bottom of the first radiator 311 of the first antenna 31, while another portion of the second radiator 321 is located on the third side 13. In other words, the second radiator 321 is distributed along both the first and third sides 11, 13. Specifically, the second radiator 321 extends from the first side 11 to the third side 13 and includes a first portion 3211 and a second portion 3212 that are interconnected and integrally formed. The second portion 3212 is located on the third side 13, and the first portion 3211 is located on the first side 11. The end of the first portion 3211 facing away from the second portion 3212 is connected to the second branch 3112 of the first radiator 311 and is grounded. The second feeding point P of the second radiator 321 is located at the end of the second portion 3212 facing away from the first portion 3211. Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, the mode excited by the first antenna 31 is biased toward the transverse mode, and the mode excited by the second antenna 32 is biased toward the longitudinal mode, and a lower ECC between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 can also be obtained, for example, the ECC can be 0.3.

[0219] Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, the second feed point P on the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is located at the open end of the second radiator 321. This solution, by positioning the second radiator 321 at the corner of the first and third sides, can reduce the impact of cavity clutter generated by the cavity formed between the first and second bodies on the antenna when the terminal device is folded. The direction of current in the second radiator 321 can be: from one end of the first portion 3211 adjacent to the grounding point A of the second branch 3112, flowing downward along the extension direction of the first side 11 to one end of the second portion 3212, and then extending rightward from one end of the second portion 3212 along the extension direction of the third side 13 to the second feed point P. In the direction of extension of the first side 11, the distance H2 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the second portion 3212 of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32, and the distance H1 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the first portion 3211 of the second radiator 321 determine the current pattern and isolation between the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32. In one specific embodiment, the distance H2 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the second portion 3212 of the second radiator 321 of the second antenna 32 is between 30 mm and 40 mm, and the distance H1 between the grounding point A of the second branch 3112 of the first antenna 31 and the first portion 3211 of the second radiator 321 is greater than 10 mm.

[0220] Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, a medium-high frequency antenna of the antenna system may be disposed on the third side 13 , for example, the medium-high frequency antenna may be disposed on the right side of the second feeding point P.

[0221] See Figure 15 , Figure 15 for Figure 14 The illustrated embodiment provides a graph of S22 (output matching) of a first antenna and a second antenna of an antenna system in a terminal device, and a graph of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. Figure 15 In FIG, curve LB1 represents the output loss of the first antenna, curve LB2 represents the output loss of the second antenna, and LB1 VS LB2 represents the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. Figure 15 It can be seen that in this embodiment, both the first antenna and the second antenna have relatively low output loss, and the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna also meets the requirements.

[0222] See Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 14 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic curve diagram of the total system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna system in the terminal device. Figure 16 In FIG, the curve represented by a solid line and labeled LB1 represents the radiation efficiency of the first antenna, the curve represented by a dotted line and labeled LB1 represents the total system efficiency of the first antenna, the curve represented by a solid line and labeled LB2 represents the radiation efficiency of the second antenna, and the curve represented by a dotted line and labeled LB2 represents the total system efficiency of the second antenna. Figure 16 It can be seen that the total efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna, and the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna all meet the requirements of antenna design.

[0223] See Figure 17 In one embodiment, the terminal device 100 is a foldable design. Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the antenna system of a terminal device 100 with its first and second bodies 1 and 2 folded relative to each other. The side view shows the structural features between the first radiator 311 of the first antenna on the first body 1 and the parasitic branch on the second body 2. In this embodiment, the antenna system includes, in addition to the first antenna 31 and the second antenna 32 disposed within the first body 1, a parasitic branch 35 disposed on the second body 2. When the terminal device 100 is folded, the parasitic branch 35 is stacked between the first antenna 31. The parasitic branch 35 includes a first branch 351 and a second branch 352, spaced apart from each other. The end of the first branch 351 adjacent to the second branch 352 is grounded, while the end of the second branch 352 distal from the first branch 351 is grounded. When the terminal device 100 is folded, the first branch 351 and the first branch 3111 are stacked and face each other, and the second branch 352 and the second branch 3112 are stacked and face each other. The gap between the parasitic branch 35 and the first antenna 31 is used to couple the current of the first antenna 31 to the parasitic branch 35, so that when the first antenna 31 is excited, the parasitic branch 35 can be excited to generate C-mode resonance, thereby improving the hand mode performance.

[0224] See Figure 18 , Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna system in a terminal device in which the first body and the second body are folded relative to each other. Figure 18 The embodiment shown and Figure 17 The embodiment shown differs in that Figure 18 The antenna system in one embodiment provided is Figure 17 The provided antenna system is supplemented with an inductor structure 36. This structure is connected between the parasitic branch 35 and the ground plane. This structure modulates the electric field at the gaps at both ends of the first branch 351, improving the efficiency of the right-hand mode of the antenna system. The inductance of the inductor structure 36 is within a range of 2nH or greater and 7nH or less. For example, the inductance of the inductor structure 36 can be 3nH.

[0225] See Figure 19 , Figure 19 for Figure 17 The S11 curve and Figure 18 The S11 curve comparison diagram of the antenna system provided by the embodiment shown is shown. That is, of the two curves, one is the state without adding the inductor structure, and the other is the state with adding the inductor structure. Figure 19It can be seen that the inductor structure can construct a C-mode resonance. Therefore, by adding an inductor structure connected between the parasitic branch and the ground, the efficiency of the right-hand mode of the first antenna can be improved.

[0226] See Figure 20 , Figure 20 for Figure 17 The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown Figure 18 The illustrated embodiment provides a comparison of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system in the left-handed mode. The dashed line represents the total system efficiency, while the solid line represents the radiation efficiency. One of the two dashed lines represents the state without the added inductor, while the other represents the state with the added inductor. Similarly, one of the two solid lines represents the state without the added inductor structure, while the other represents the state with the added inductor structure.

[0227] See Figure 21 , Figure 21 for Figure 17 The antenna system provided by the embodiment shown Figure 18 The illustrated embodiment provides a comparison of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna system in the right-hand mode. The dashed line represents the total system efficiency, while the solid line represents the radiation efficiency. One of the two dashed lines represents the state without the added inductor, while the other represents the state with the added inductor. Similarly, one of the two solid lines represents the state without the added inductor structure, while the other represents the state with the added inductor structure.

[0228] In the aforementioned embodiments of the present application, the specific grounding method of each grounding point or branch that needs to be grounded can be: supported by a spring and electrically connected to the floor inside the terminal device, or by setting a grounding branch at each grounding point and fixing it (for example, welding) to the floor.

[0229] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0230] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the possible embodiments of the present application and the features of the possible embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: The first body includes a first side, a second side, and a third side, wherein the first side and the second side are arranged opposite to each other, the third side is connected between the first side and the second side, and the second side is used to set a rotating shaft; and An antenna system, comprising a first antenna, a second antenna, and a radio frequency chip, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna, and the radio frequency chip are all disposed in the first body, the first antenna is configured to generate a first resonance, and the second antenna is configured to generate a second resonance; The first antenna includes a first radiator and a first feeding structure, at least part of the first radiator is distributed on the first side, the second antenna includes a second radiator and a second feeding structure, at least part of the second radiator is distributed on the third side, and the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure are electrically connected to the RF chip; The first antenna also includes an inductive structure and a capacitive structure. The first radiator includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch and at least part of the second branch are spaced apart and distributed in different areas of the first side. At least part of the second branch is located on the side of the first branch adjacent to the third side. The end of the first branch away from the second branch is an open end. The first branch includes a first feeding point, a first position and a first end. The first feeding point is electrically connected to the first feeding structure. The inductive structure is electrically connected between the first position and the floor. The second branch includes a second end and a grounding point. The grounding point and the second end are spaced apart, and the second end and the first end are coupled through the capacitive structure.

2. The terminal device according to claim 1, wherein: One of the first antenna and the second antenna is a main antenna, and the other of the first antenna and the second antenna is a diversity antenna.

3. The terminal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: All areas of the second branch are distributed on the first side, and the grounding point is located at a position of the second branch adjacent to the third side.

4. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first feeding point, the first position and the first end are arranged sequentially on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side. The first branch portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, wherein 35%≦f' / f1≦60%.

5. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698MHz-960MHz, the first feeding point, the first position and the first end are arranged in sequence on the first branch along the extension direction of the first side, and the first branch part from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance, and the frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in the range of 300MHz-500MHz.

6. The terminal device according to claim 5, characterized in that The second resonant frequency band includes at least one communication frequency band within a frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz.

7. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, the first connecting segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

8. The terminal device according to claim 7, characterized in that In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point; or the second connecting segment is located between the first connecting segment and the first feeding point.

9. The terminal device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch.

10. The terminal device according to claim 4, characterized in that The inductive structure includes a lumped inductor electrically connected between the first location and a floor.

11. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to one eighth of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

12. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The frequency band of the first resonance includes at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz, and the distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or A distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in an extension direction of the first branch and the first end portion is less than or equal to half a length of the first branch.

13. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH; or the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH.

14. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is between one quarter and one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one sixth and one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the first branch to the length of the second branch is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

16. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is in the range of greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

17. The terminal device according to claim 16, characterized in that The capacitive structure includes a capacitive device, which is located inside the first side and is arranged on the circuit board. Two ends of the capacitive device are electrically connected to the first end and the second end respectively.

18. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: All parts of the second radiator are located on the third side.

19. The terminal device according to claim 18, characterized in that A second feeding point is provided on the second radiator, and the second feeding point is electrically connected to the second feeding structure. The first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator is a ground end. Compared with the open end of the second radiator, the ground end is adjacent to the second side, and the extension direction of the second radiator is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side.

20. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: The second radiator extends from the first side to the third side, and the second radiator includes a first part and a second part interconnected as one, the second part is located on the third side, the first part is located on the first side, an end of the first part away from the second part is connected to the second branch of the first radiator and is grounded, and the second feeding point of the second radiator is located on the second part.

21. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The first body further includes a fourth side, the fourth side being arranged opposite to the third side, the antenna system further includes a third antenna, the operating frequency band of the third antenna including at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 1700 MHz to 2700 MHz; the third antenna includes a third radiator and a third feeding structure, the third feeding structure being electrically connected to the radio frequency chip; At least part of the third radiator is distributed on the fourth side; or, at least part of the third radiator is distributed on the first side, and the third radiator distributed on the first side is located on a side of the first radiator away from the third side.

22. The terminal device according to claim 21, characterized in that A button is provided on the first side, and the button is located on a side of the first branch away from the second branch. There is an insulation gap between the button and the first branch, and part of the third radiator is located at the button.

23. The terminal device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that: At least a portion of the third radiator is located on the third side and between the second radiator and the first radiator.

24. The terminal device according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that: The terminal device is a smart phone; or, when the terminal device is in a folded state, the first side is a long side, the third side is a short side, the size range of the first side is less than or equal to 170 mm, and the size range of the third side is less than or equal to 80 mm.

25. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a first feeding structure, a first radiator, an inductive structure, and a capacitive structure, wherein the first radiator comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch being spaced apart, an end of the first branch away from the second branch being an open end, the first branch comprising a first feeding point, a first position, and a first end, the first feeding point being electrically connected to the first feeding structure, the inductive structure being electrically connected between the first position and a floor, the second branch comprising a second end and a grounding point, the grounding point and the second end being spaced apart, the second end and the first end being coupled via the capacitive structure, the antenna being configured to generate a first resonance, the frequency band of the first resonance comprising at least one communication frequency band within the frequency range of 698 MHz to 960 MHz; The first branch portion from the first feeding point to the first position and the inductive structure are used to jointly generate a third resonance. The frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is f', and the first resonance is f1, wherein 35%≦f' / f1≦60%.

26. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The inductive structure includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment and a main branch connected between the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment, the first connecting segment is connected between one end of the main branch and the floor, and the second connecting segment is connected between the other end of the main branch and the first position.

27. The antenna according to claim 26, characterized in that In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point; or the second connecting segment is located between the first connecting segment and the first feeding point.

28. The antenna according to claim 26, wherein In the extension direction of the first branch, the first connecting segment is located between the second connecting segment and the first feeding point, and the distance between the second connecting segment and the first end is less than or equal to one quarter of the length of the first branch.

29. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that The inductive structure includes a lumped inductor electrically connected between the first location and a floor.

30. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 29, characterized in that: The distance between the equivalent center position of the inductive structure in the extension direction of the first branch and the first end is less than or equal to 20 mm; or A distance between an equivalent center position of the inductive structure in an extension direction of the first branch and the first end portion is less than or equal to half a length of the first branch.

31. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 30, characterized in that: The equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is a fixed value, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 4nH and less than or equal to 7nH; or the equivalent inductance value of the inductive structure is adjustable, and the range of the equivalent inductance value is greater than or equal to 2nH and less than or equal to 7nH.

32. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 30, characterized in that: A frequency difference between the third resonance and the first resonance is in the range of 300 MHz to 500 MHz.

33. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 32, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is between one quarter and one half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and the length of the second branch is between one sixth and one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

34. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 33, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the first branch to the length of the second branch is in the range of greater than or equal to 1 / 3 and less than or equal to 1.

35. The antenna according to any one of claims 25 to 34, characterized in that: The equivalent capacitance value of the capacitive structure is in the range of greater than or equal to 0.5 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

36. The antenna according to claim 35, characterized in that When the frequency of the first resonance is 960 MHz, the frequency of the three-quarter mode excited by the antenna is in a range from 135% to 160% of the frequency of the first resonance.

Images