Antenna, antenna feeder system, communication equipment and communication system

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna, an antenna feed system, communication equipment and a communication system. The antenna comprises a first antenna unit, and the first antenna unit comprises a reflecting plate, a radiating body and a balun. Each radiation arm of the radiator is in signal connection with the coupling part through the corresponding plumbing arm. The coupling part and the reflecting plate are oppositely arranged at an interval, and the coupling part is coupled with the reflecting plate. The balun is in signal connection with the reflecting plate, and a first balun arm of the balun is in signal connection with one radiation arm. In the antenna provided by the invention, the radiation arm of the radiator of the first antenna unit is in signal connection with the coupling part through the plumbing arm to form equivalent inductance, a capacitor can be formed between the coupling part and the reflecting plate, and the Balun is connected with the reflecting plate, so that the radiator, the Balun and the reflecting plate can jointly form a filter circuit. The filter circuit can filter signals with low frequency, so that interference of the first antenna unit on other antenna units with low working frequency is reduced, and the communication performance of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna feed system, a communication device, and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] Communication equipment such as base stations typically utilize both high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units. High-frequency antenna units offer high signal transmission capacity, while low-frequency antenna units offer strong signal attenuation resistance. To reduce the size of communication equipment, it's sometimes necessary to integrate both high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units within the same antenna array, creating a multi-frequency antenna.

[0003] In multi-band antennas, the spacing between the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna elements is typically small. Consequently, when electromagnetic waves radiated by the low-frequency antenna element couple to the high-frequency antenna element, they generate common-mode resonance in the high-frequency antenna element. This degrades the low-frequency antenna element's S-parameters and directivity patterns, such as beamwidth, gain, and cross-polarization ratio, thereby impacting the communication performance of the communication device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna, an antenna feed system, a communication device, and a communication system to improve communication performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna comprising a first antenna unit, the first antenna unit comprising a reflector, a radiator, and a balun. The radiator comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a first vertical arm, a second vertical arm, and a coupling component. One end of the first vertical arm is signal-connected to the first radiating arm, and the other end of the first vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component. One end of the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the second radiating arm, and the other end of the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component. The coupling component is spaced apart from and arranged relative to the reflector, and the coupling component is coupled to the reflector. The balun is signal-connected to the reflector, and the balun comprises a first balun arm, which is signal-connected to the first radiating arm. In the antenna provided in the present application, since the radiating arm of the radiator of the first antenna unit is signal-connected to the coupling component via the vertical arm, an equivalent inductance can be formed, and a capacitor can be formed between the coupling component and the reflector, and the balun is connected to the reflector, the radiator, balun, and reflector can together form a filtering circuit. When the first antenna unit and other antenna units with lower operating frequencies are set up on a common reflection plate, the low-frequency current generated by the excitation of the first antenna unit can flow in a direction opposite to that on the vertical arm and on the balun. This allows the radiation field generated by the low-frequency current on the vertical arm and the radiation field generated by the low-frequency current on the balun to offset each other, which can help reduce the interference of the first antenna unit on other antenna units with lower operating frequencies, so that the S parameters and directional pattern parameters such as beam width, gain and cross-polarization ratio of other antenna units can be improved, which is beneficial to improving the radiation performance of other antenna units, and further can help improve the communication performance of communication equipment and communication systems including the antenna.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the present application, the coupling component includes a hollow portion, through which the balun is disposed. This allows for a more compact antenna structure, thereby facilitating miniaturization. Furthermore, this design approach allows the area of ​​the coupling component to be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the hollow portion, thereby adjusting the filtering effect and, in other words, mitigating interference from other antenna units operating at lower frequencies.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the present application, the first and second vertical arms are distributed around the hollow portion. This simplifies the arrangement of the vertical arms and allows for a larger space enclosed by the vertical arms, allowing the vertical arms to effectively avoid the balun, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits between the vertical arms and the balun.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the present application, the first vertical arm is connected to an edge of the first radiating arm facing away from the second radiating arm, and the second vertical arm is connected to an edge of the second radiating arm facing away from the first radiating arm, so as to facilitate the configuration of a balun or other structure of the first antenna unit.

[0009] This application does not limit the specific configuration of the coupling component. For example, in one possible implementation, the coupling component may include a first subcomponent and a second subcomponent, the first subcomponent and the second subcomponent being spaced apart, the first vertical arm being signal-connected to the first subcomponent, and the second vertical arm being signal-connected to the second subcomponent. This facilitates increased flexibility in the configuration of the first antenna unit, thereby increasing flexibility in the configuration of the antenna.

[0010] In order to achieve signal connection between the first vertical arm and the first radiating arm, in the present application, the first vertical arm and the first radiating arm are electrically connected or coupled. Similarly, the second vertical arm and the second radiating arm can also achieve signal transmission by means of electrical connection or coupling connection.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the present application, the first hanging arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component to enable signal transmission between the first hanging arm and the coupling component. In addition, the second hanging arm may also be electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component to enable signal transmission between the second hanging arm and the coupling component.

[0012] To enable signal transmission by the first antenna unit, the antenna also includes a first feeder line for feeding the first signal into the second radiating arm. A portion of the first feeder line is spaced apart from and opposite to the first balun arm. This forms a microstrip transmission line structure between the first feeder line and the first balun arm, reducing leakage of the first signal and thereby improving the radiator's transmission performance.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the present application, the balun further includes a first shorting arm, which is signal-connected to the second radiating arm. Since the balun is signal-connected to the reflector, and the first feeder is signal-connected to the second radiating arm, the first feeder can be signal-connected to the reflector via the second radiating arm and the first shorting arm, thereby grounding the first feeder. This improves isolation between the first antenna unit and the other antenna units, thereby enhancing antenna performance.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the present application, the length L1 of the first short-circuit arm 33 satisfies the following: (1 / 8) × λ ≤ L1 ≤ (3 / 8) × λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit. This allows for effective filtering of other signals, thereby ensuring the communication performance of the first antenna unit.

[0015] The solution provided by the present application for reducing interference to antenna units with lower operating frequencies is applicable not only to single-polarized antenna units, but also to dual-polarized antenna units. For example, in one possible implementation of the present application, the radiator further includes a third radiating arm, a fourth radiating arm, a third vertical arm, and a fourth vertical arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are arranged along a first direction, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. In addition, one end of the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the third radiating arm, and the other end of the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component. One end of the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the fourth radiating arm, and the other end of the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component. The balun further includes a second balun arm, which is signal-connected to the third radiating arm. In this implementation, the first antenna unit is a dual-polarized antenna unit. Since a filtering circuit can be formed between the balun, the first radiating arm, and the reflector, and a filtering circuit can also be formed between the balun, the third radiating arm, and the reflector, it can effectively filter low-frequency signals, thereby reducing signal interference to antenna units with lower operating frequencies.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the radiator can be an integrally formed structure, where the first, second, third, and fourth vertical arms are all bent arms. In other words, the radiator is an integrally bent structure, which simplifies the radiator's manufacturing process and reduces the material used. No additional assembly is required, thus reducing costs.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the present application, the third vertical arm is connected to an edge of the third radiating arm facing away from the fourth radiating arm, and the fourth vertical arm is connected to an edge of the fourth radiating arm facing away from the third radiating arm, so as to facilitate the configuration of a balun or other structure of the first antenna unit.

[0018] When the first antenna unit is a dual-polarized antenna unit, the coupling component may include a first subcomponent, a second subcomponent, a third subcomponent, and a fourth subcomponent, with the first, second, third, and fourth subcomponents spaced apart. The first vertical arm is signal-connected to the first subcomponent, the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the second subcomponent, the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the third subcomponent, and the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the fourth subcomponent. This facilitates increased freedom in the placement of the radiator, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the first antenna unit.

[0019] To achieve signal connection between the third vertical arm and the third radiating arm, in one possible implementation, the third vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the third radiating arm. In addition, the fourth vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the fourth radiating arm, thereby achieving signal transmission between the fourth vertical arm and the fourth radiating arm.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the present application, the third vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component to enable signal transmission between the third vertical arm and the coupling component. In addition, the fourth vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component to enable signal connection between the fourth vertical arm and the coupling component.

[0021] When the first antenna unit is a dual-polarized antenna unit, it also includes a second feeder for feeding the second signal to the second radiating arm. A portion of the second feeder is spaced apart from and opposite to the second balun arm. This forms a microstrip transmission line structure between the second feeder and the second balun arm, reducing leakage of the second signal and thereby improving the radiator's transmission performance of the second signal.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the present application, the balun further includes a second shorting arm, which is signal-connected to the second radiating arm. Since the balun is signal-connected to the reflector, and the second feeder is signal-connected to the second radiating arm, the second feeder can be signal-connected to the reflector via the second radiating arm and the second shorting arm, thereby grounding the second feeder. This improves isolation between the first antenna unit and the other antenna units, thereby enhancing antenna performance.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the present application, the length L1 of the second short-circuit arm satisfies the following: (1 / 8) × λ ≤ L1 ≤ (3 / 8) × λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit. This allows for effective filtering of other signals, thereby ensuring the communication performance of the first antenna unit.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the present application, the spacing h1 between the coupling structure and the reflector satisfies the following: 0 ≤ h1 ≤ (1 / 8) × λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit. Using the design provided in this application, the spacing between the coupling component and the reflector can be adjusted based on the operating frequency of the first antenna unit, thereby adjusting the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the coupling component and the reflector, effectively reducing the signal interference caused by the first antenna unit to other antenna units with lower operating frequencies.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the present application, the antenna further includes a second antenna unit, the operating frequency of which is lower than that of the first antenna unit, and the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are located on the same side of the reflector. In other words, the antenna provided in the present application is a multi-frequency antenna. Because the radiator, balun, and reflector of the first antenna unit together form a filtering circuit, when the second antenna unit is operating, interference from the first antenna unit to the second antenna unit can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an antenna feed system, which includes the antenna of the first aspect. The antenna of the antenna feed system provided by the present application has high radiation efficiency and working stability, thereby facilitating improved communication performance of the antenna feed system.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a communication device comprising a radio frequency processing unit, a baseband processing unit, and the antenna feed system of the second aspect, wherein the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna feed system via the radio frequency processing unit. Since the antenna feed system provided in the present application has excellent communication performance, it is beneficial to improve the communication performance of the communication device.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, comprising a core network device and the communication device of the third aspect, wherein the core network device is communicatively connected to the communication device. The communication system provided by the present application has good communication performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 An architectural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of the antenna feed system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna feeder system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The antenna is shown in the A direction view;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a balun provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 An exploded diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the feed line and the balun of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 11Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 12 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 13 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 14 for Figure 13 An exploded view of the antenna is shown;

[0043] Figure 15 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 16 for Figure 15 An exploded view of the antenna is shown;

[0045] Figure 17 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 18 for Figure 17 An exploded view of the antenna is shown;

[0047] Figure 19 Another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 1000-communication equipment; 2000-terminal;

[0050] 100 - antenna feed system; 10 - radome; 20 - antenna connector; 30 - antenna; 301 - first antenna unit; 302 - second antenna unit;

[0051] 1- radiator; 11- first radiating arm; 12- second radiating arm; 13- third radiating arm; 14- fourth radiating arm; 15- first vertical arm;

[0052] 16 - second vertical arm; 17 - third vertical arm; 18 - fourth vertical arm; 19 - coupling component; 191 - hollow portion; 192 - first subcomponent;

[0053] 193 - second sub-component; 194 - third sub-component; 195 - fourth sub-component; 2 - reflector; 201 - first through hole; 3 - balun;

[0054] 31-first balun arm; 311-first connecting portion; 32-second balun arm; 321-second connecting portion; 33-first short-circuit arm;

[0055] 34 - second short-circuit arm; 4 - first feeder; 5 - second feeder; 6 - first insulating fixture; 7 - first insulating fixture;

[0056] 8a-first medium; 8b-second medium; 8c-third medium; 8d-fourth medium; 8e-fifth medium; 8f-sixth medium; 8g-seventh medium;

[0057] 8h - eighth medium; 40 - feeding network; 4001 - transmission component; 4002 - calibration network; 4003 - phase shifter; 4004 - combiner;

[0058] 4005-filter; 200-support frame; 300-RF processing unit; 400-baseband processing unit; 500-feeder; 600-adjustment bracket;

[0059] 700-Grounding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be understood as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The same figure marks in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes can be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings in the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0061] It should be noted that the following description sets forth specific details to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0062] Radiator: Also known as a radiating element, antenna vibrator, or vibrator, the radiator is the basic structural unit of an antenna array, effectively radiating or receiving antenna signals. Different radiators can have the same or different frequencies. In specific applications, radiators can be categorized as either single-polarized or dual-polarized. The radiator type can be selected based on actual needs during configuration.

[0063] Floor: A floor can also be called a reflector, baseboard, antenna panel, or reflective surface. When a radiator receives antenna signals, the floor reflects and focuses them at the receiving point, achieving directional reception. When a radiator transmits antenna signals, the floor enables directional transmission. The floor enhances the radiator's antenna signal reception or transmission capabilities and blocks interference from other signals on the back side of the floor (the back side of the floor facing away from the radiator), thereby increasing antenna gain.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the floor can be made of a conductive material. In some implementations, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof; copper foil on an insulating substrate; aluminum foil on an insulating substrate; gold foil on an insulating substrate; silver-plated copper; silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate; silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate; cloth impregnated with graphite powder; graphite-coated substrates; copper-plated substrates; brass-plated substrates; and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the floor can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0065] Signal connection: Signal transmission can be performed between two conductors. In one embodiment, the signal connection may include direct contact connection, indirect connection through a conductive medium, or coupling connection, as long as the signal transmission between the two conductors can be achieved.

[0066] Coupling connection: Two conductors transmit signals in an air-spaced / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, coupling connection can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, where the gap between the two conductors forms an equivalent capacitor to achieve signal transmission.

[0067] In order to facilitate understanding of the antenna, antenna feed system, communication equipment and communication system provided in this application, their application scenarios are first introduced below.

[0068] The antenna provided in this application can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radars to realize wireless communication functions.

[0069] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of an architecture of a communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable is shown as follows: Figure 1As shown, the communication system architecture may include a communication device 1000. Wireless communication can be achieved between the communication device 1000 and the terminal 2000. The communication device 1000 can also be called an access network device or an access node, which can be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide signal cell coverage to achieve communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station 1000 can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, or a node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolutionary node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the communication device can also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a g-node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0070] The antenna provided in this application can also be used in access network equipment, which is sometimes also referred to as an access node. The access network equipment has wireless transceiver functions and is used to communicate with the terminal. The access network equipment includes but is not limited to the base station (base station) in the above-mentioned communication system, the evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNodeB), the transmission reception point (TRP), the next generation base station (nextgeneration NodeB, gNB) in the 5G mobile communication system, the next generation base station in the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, the access network equipment or the module of the access network equipment in the open access network (open RAN, ORAN) system, the base station in the future mobile communication system or the access node in the Wi-Fi system, etc. The access network equipment may also be a module or unit that can realize some functions of the base station. For example, the access network equipment may also be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc., as described below. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (open, O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU.

[0071] The access network device of the present application can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or it can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in the vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. The base station can communicate with the terminal, or it can communicate with the terminal through a relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0072] It is understood that the terminal that communicates with the communication device or communication system in the present application can be customer premises equipment (CPE). The CPE can be, for example, a network device that converts mobile cellular signals, such as signals in LTE, wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) or global system for mobile communication (GSM) systems, into wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) signals or wireless local area network (WLAN) signals. In some embodiments, the CPE can be a fixed wireless access (FAW) device, where FAW is a technology that combines fixed-line communication and wireless communication and can provide broadband access services to users. Alternatively, the terminal can also be a lampsite, which can be used to, for example, bring base station signals indoors to solve the problem of indoor blind spot coverage.

[0073] In this application, the mobile network can be divided into three parts: the base station subsystem, the network subsystem, and the system support part (such as security management). The core network part is located in the network subsystem. The main function of the core network is to connect call requests or data requests from the A port to different networks. It can be understood that the communication system can also include core network equipment, which can communicate with the communication equipment.

[0074] The communication device is equipped with an antenna feed system to realize the transmission of signals in space. In this application, the communication device can be understood as a base station. Figure 2 A structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, communication equipment 1000 includes a support frame 200 and an antenna system 100. Antenna system 100 includes a radome 10, which is secured to a support frame 200, such as a pole or tower, to facilitate signal reception or transmission. The radome 10 has excellent electrical electromagnetic wave penetration and mechanical properties that can withstand harsh external environments, thereby protecting the antenna system 100 from external environmental influences.

[0075] The communication device 1000 may also include a radio frequency processing unit 300 and a baseband processing unit 400. The antenna system 100 is connected to the radio frequency processing unit 300 via the antenna connector 20 located outside the antenna cover 10. The baseband processing unit 400 may be connected to the antenna system 100 via the radio frequency processing unit 300. The radio frequency processing unit 300 may be configured to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on signals received by the antenna system 100, converting them into intermediate frequency signals or baseband signals and transmitting them to the baseband processing unit 400. Alternatively, the radio frequency processing unit 300 may be configured to convert intermediate frequency signals emitted by the baseband processing unit 400 into wireless signals through the antenna system 100 after up-conversion and amplification, and then transmit them. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 300 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 400 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU). In specific embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 300 may include a transceiver board in the feed module.

[0076] The support frame 200 is fixed to the ground at a certain height, and the antenna system 100 is fixed to the support frame 200 to meet the radiation distance requirements of the antenna system 100. The antenna system 100 is removably fixed to the support frame 200 by adjusting the bracket 600, so that the antenna system 100 can receive or transmit signals. The orientation of the antenna system 100 can be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the height of the support frame 200 by adjusting the bracket 600.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the RF processing unit 300 can be integrated with the antenna feed system 100, and the baseband processing unit 400 is located at the remote end of the antenna feed system 100. The RF processing unit 300 and the baseband processing unit 400 can be connected via a feeder line 500. In this case, the RF processing unit 300 and the antenna feed system 100 can be collectively referred to as an active antenna unit (AAU). It should be noted that Figure 2 This is just an example of the positional relationship between the RF processing unit 300 and the antenna system 100. In other embodiments, the RF processing unit 300 and the antenna system 100 may also be independent devices. For example, the RF processing unit 300 may be located below the antenna system 100, or the RF processing unit 300 and the baseband processing unit 400 may be located at the far end of the antenna system 100. In this embodiment, the antenna system 100 is a passive antenna.

[0078] like Figure 2As shown, a grounding device 700 is provided between the baseband processing unit 400 and the connecting wire 500. The grounding device 700 generally comprises a grounding electrode buried underground. A seal can be provided at the connection between the antenna feed system 100 and the connecting wire 500, and a seal can also be provided at the connection between the grounding device 700 and the connecting wire 500. The seal can specifically include at least one of insulating sealing tape and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulating tape. Of course, the seal can also be of other structures and is not limited to tape.

[0079] It should be noted that, in actual applications, equipment such as the support frame 200 and the adjustment bracket 600 can be provided by the site provider. Equipment such as the antenna feed system 100, RF processing unit 300, and baseband processing unit 400 in the base station can be provided by the base station manufacturer. The antenna feed system 100 can also be provided by the antenna manufacturer, i.e., a passive antenna, or the antenna module in an active antenna can be provided by the antenna manufacturer. The base station in the embodiments of this application may also not include the support frame 200.

[0080] Further, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna feed system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the main component for realizing signal transmission in the antenna feed system is the antenna 30, which includes a radiator 1 and a reflector 2. The radiator 1 can be arranged as follows Figure 2 In the antenna cover 10 shown in FIG, the antenna cover 10 has good electromagnetic wave penetration in terms of electrical performance, so as not to affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiator 1 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical performance, the antenna cover 10 has good stress resistance and oxidation resistance, so that it can withstand the erosion of harsh external environments.

[0081] The radiator 1 is usually placed on one side of the reflector 2, which not only greatly enhances the signal reception or transmission capability, but also blocks and shields interference signals from the back of the reflector 2. In this application, the back of the reflector 2 refers to the side of the reflector 2 opposite to the side where the radiator 1 is placed.

[0082] In the antenna feed system 100, the radiator 1 can receive or transmit radio frequency signals via a feed network 40. The feed network 40 is typically composed of controlled impedance transmission lines. It can feed wireless signals to the radiator 1 at a specific amplitude and phase, or transmit received wireless signals to the baseband processing unit 400 of the base station at a specific amplitude and phase. Furthermore, the feed network 40 can achieve different radiation beam directions via a transmission component 4001 or connect to a calibration network 4002 to obtain calibration signals required by the system. The feed network 40 may include a phase shifter 4003 to change the maximum direction of antenna signal radiation. The feed network 40 may also include modules to extend performance, such as a combiner 4004 (which can be used to combine signals of different frequencies into one channel for transmission via the antenna 30; or, in reverse, to divide the signals received by the antenna 30 into multiple channels based on frequency and transmit them to the baseband processing unit 400 for processing), a filter 4005 (for filtering out interference signals), and other modules.

[0083] At present, in the antennas of communication equipment such as base stations, low-frequency antenna units and high-frequency antenna units are usually configured simultaneously in the same antenna array to form a multi-frequency antenna. In the various embodiments of the present application, the specific operating frequencies of the low-frequency antenna unit and the high-frequency antenna unit are not limited, but the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna unit is higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna unit. For example, the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna unit is 30% higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna unit. Since there may be heterogeneous coupling interference problems between antennas operating in different frequency bands, for example, the common-mode interference of the high-frequency antenna unit on the low-frequency antenna unit will cause the S parameters of the low-frequency antenna unit and the directional pattern parameters such as beam width, gain and cross-polarization ratio to deteriorate.

[0084] Furthermore, as base station antenna systems develop toward higher levels of integration, the integrated design of the feed system and balun has become a key technical approach for improving base station antenna efficiency and simplifying system assembly complexity. However, achieving this high level of integration between the base station antenna's feed network and balun can damage the balun structure, significantly degrading the isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antenna units.

[0085] In view of this, in the antenna provided by this application, a decoupling design is implemented for the high-frequency antenna unit to reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna unit on the low-frequency antenna unit, thereby improving the communication performance of the antenna. To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, the antenna provided by this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0086] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Antenna 30 includes a first antenna unit, which includes a radiator 1 and a reflector 2. Radiator 1 includes a first radiating arm 11, a second radiating arm 12, a third radiating arm 13, and a fourth radiating arm 14, wherein the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 are arranged along a first direction, the third radiating arm 13 and the fourth radiating arm 14 are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction. This makes the arrangement of the first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12, the third radiating arm 13, and the fourth radiating arm 14 more compact. In addition, Figure 4 The antenna shown is a dual-polarized antenna, and the radiation arms of the first antenna unit adopt the above arrangement method, which is conducive to ensuring the radiation performance of the first antenna unit.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the first radiating arm 11 and the second radiating arm 12 may be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center. Furthermore, the third radiating arm 13 and the fourth radiating arm 14 may also be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center. This allows the first radiating arm 11, the second radiating arm 12, the third radiating arm 13, and the fourth radiating arm 14 to be arranged more compactly, thereby facilitating a reduction in the size of the radiator 1 and, consequently, the size of the entire antenna. In other embodiments of the present application, the radiating arms of the radiator 1 are symmetrically arranged to further reduce the volume of the radiator 1 and facilitate the production of each radiating arm using the same cutting process, thereby simplifying the processing of the radiator 1 and reducing production costs.

[0088] You can continue to refer to Figure 4 The radiator 1 further includes a first vertical arm 15, a second vertical arm 16, a third vertical arm 17, and a fourth vertical arm 18. The first vertical arm 15 is signal-connected to the first radiating arm 11 and extends from the first radiating arm 11 toward the reflector 2. The second vertical arm 16 is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12 and extends from the second radiating arm 12 toward the reflector 2. The third vertical arm 17 is signal-connected to the third radiating arm 13 and extends from the third radiating arm 13 toward the reflector 2. The fourth vertical arm 18 is signal-connected to the fourth radiating arm 14 and extends from the fourth radiating arm 14 toward the reflector 2.

[0089] This application does not limit the specific configuration of each vertical arm of the radiator 1. For example, Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, each vertical arm is a straight arm. However, in some embodiments of the present application, the vertical arm may also be an S-shaped or other curved arm. In addition, in one possible embodiment, the angle α between each vertical arm and the reflector 2, which faces the outside of the radiator 1, may be less than or equal to 90°, for example, 75°; in another possible embodiment, the angle α between each vertical arm and the reflector, which faces the outside of the radiator, may also be an obtuse angle. Furthermore, in the present application, the specific configuration of each vertical arm may be the same or different.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 1 further includes a coupling component 19, and each vertical arm can be connected between the corresponding radiating arm and the coupling component 19. Specifically, one end of the first vertical arm 15 is signal-connected to the first radiating arm 11, and the other end of the first vertical arm 15 is signal-connected to the coupling component 19. One end of the second vertical arm 16 is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12, and the other end of the second vertical arm 16 is signal-connected to the coupling component 19. One end of the third vertical arm 17 is signal-connected to the third radiating arm 13, and the other end of the third vertical arm 17 is signal-connected to the coupling component 19. One end of the fourth vertical arm 18 is connected to the fourth radiating arm 14, and the other end of the fourth vertical arm 18 is signal-connected to the coupling component 19. In this way, each radiating arm can be signal-connected to the coupling component 19 through the corresponding vertical arm, thereby forming an equivalent inductor.

[0091] It is understood that in some embodiments of the present application, the inductance value of the above-mentioned equivalent inductor can be adjusted by adjusting the size of at least one of the radiating arm, the vertical arm, and the coupling component 19. For example, in one possible embodiment, the inductance value of the equivalent inductor formed by the vertical arm, the coupling component 19, and the corresponding radiating arm can be adjusted by adjusting the length and cross-sectional area of ​​the vertical arm, which helps to simplify the method of adjusting the inductance value.

[0092] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The antenna is shown in the A direction view. Figure 5 As shown, in the antenna provided in the present application, the coupling component 19 is opposite to the reflecting plate 2 and is spaced apart, so that the coupling component 19 can be coupled to the reflecting plate 2 to form a capacitor between the coupling component 19 and the reflecting plate 2.

[0093] It can be understood that by adjusting the spacing between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, the capacitance value of the capacitor formed by the coupling of the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can be adjusted. In some possible embodiments, the spacing h1 between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 may satisfy: 0≤h1≤(1 / 8)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit. That is to say, in the present application, the value of the spacing h1 between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can be selected according to specific design requirements such as the operating frequency band of the antenna to meet the decoupling effect of the first antenna unit in different operating frequency bands.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, the gap between the radiator 1 and the reflector 2 may be filled with an insulating fixing, such as a plastic part, to ensure that the distance between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 is constant, thereby ensuring that the capacitance value of the capacitor formed by the coupling between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 is relatively stable, which is beneficial to improving the signal transmission stability of the antenna.

[0095] In other embodiments of the present application, the radiator 1 may be supported by a structure such as a bracket to ensure a stable spacing between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2. In addition, in other embodiments of the present application, other possible methods may be used to ensure the spacing between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2. These methods are not listed here, but they should all be understood to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0096] Since the factors that affect the capacitance value of the capacitor are not only the spacing but also the area of ​​the parallel plates forming the capacitor, in this application, the capacitance value of the coupling capacitor between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the coupling component 19. In some embodiments of this application, for example, Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling component 19 is a plate-shaped structure, which facilitates the simplification of the structure of the radiator 1. Furthermore, by configuring the coupling component 19 as a plate-shaped structure, the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the coupling between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the coupling component 19.

[0097] You can continue to refer to Figure 4 The first antenna unit further includes a balun 3, which is signal-connected to the reflector 2. The specific connection method can be, but is not limited to, welding, riveting, or threading, as long as the balun 3 and the reflector 2 are fixedly connected while ensuring signal transmission between the balun 3 and the reflector 2. In other possible embodiments of the present application, the balun 3 and the reflector 2 can also be coupled to achieve signal transmission.

[0098] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the balun provided in the embodiment of the present application, which can be used to illustrate Figure 4 In the present application, the balun 3 includes a first balun arm 31 and a second balun arm 32 .

[0099] This application does not specifically limit the form of Balun 3. For example, Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the balun 3 may be a plate-like structure, and the first balun arm 31 and the second balun arm 32 may be cut and formed from the same plate as the rest of the balun 3. This simplifies the structure of the balun 3 and simplifies its processing, thereby reducing costs.

[0100] In this application, the first balun arm 31 and the second balun arm 32 of the balun 3 are connected to the radiator 1 signal. Figure 7 , Figure 7 An exploded view of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, which can be used to show Figure 4 The structure of the antenna is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the first balun arm 31 can be signal-connected to the first radiating arm 11, and the second balun arm 32 can be signal-connected to the third radiating arm 13, thereby realizing signal connection between the balun 3 and the radiator 1. Each balun arm can be directly connected to the corresponding radiating arm by welding or can be indirectly connected by shrapnel, conductive foam, or other conductive structures, as long as signal transmission between the balun arm and the radiating arm can be realized.

[0101] Can refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 In order to facilitate the connection between the balun arm and the radiation arm, the end of the first balun arm 31 facing away from the reflector 2 can include a first connection portion 311. The first connection portion 311 can be formed by, but is not limited to, bending the end or die-casting. The surface of the first connection portion 311 can be in contact with the surface of the first radiation arm 11, thereby improving the convenience and reliability of the connection between the first connection portion 311 and the first radiation arm 11.

[0102] Similarly, the end of the second balun arm 32 facing away from the reflector 2 may include a second connecting portion 321 . The formation of the second connecting portion 321 may refer to the formation of the first connecting portion 311 , and will not be described in detail herein.

[0103] It can be understood that in the antenna provided in the present application, since each radiating arm of the radiator is connected to the signal of the coupling component 19 through the vertical arm to form an equivalent inductance, and a capacitor is formed between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, and the balun 3 is connected to the reflector 2, the radiator 1, the balun 3 and the reflector 2 can together constitute a filtering circuit.

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, for example, Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna further includes a second antenna unit 302, whose operating frequency is lower than that of the first antenna unit 301. The second antenna unit 302 and the first antenna unit 301 are located on the same side of the reflector 2. The first antenna unit 301 can be considered a high-frequency antenna unit, and the second antenna unit 302 can be considered a low-frequency antenna unit. As described above, when the antenna includes both a high-frequency antenna unit and a low-frequency antenna unit located on the reflector 2, the electromagnetic waves radiated by the low-frequency antenna unit can couple to the high-frequency antenna unit, causing the high-frequency antenna unit to produce common-mode resonance, thereby exciting a low-frequency induced current in the radiator 1 and the reflector 2. However, due to the adoption of the design of the first antenna unit 301 provided in the present application, the low-frequency current generated by the excitation of the first antenna unit 301 flows in a direction on the vertical arm opposite to that on the balun 3. This allows the radiation field generated by the low-frequency current on the vertical arm and the radiation field generated by the low-frequency current on the balun 3 to offset each other, thereby helping to reduce the interference of the first antenna unit 301 on the second antenna unit 302, so that the S parameters and directional pattern parameters such as beam width, gain and cross-polarization ratio of the second antenna unit 302 are effectively improved, which is conducive to improving the radiation performance of the second antenna unit 302, and further can help to improve the communication performance of the communication equipment and communication system including the antenna.

[0105] Furthermore, due to the design of the first antenna unit 301 provided in this application, the inductance and capacitance of the filter circuit formed by the radiator 1, balun 3, and reflector 2 can be continuously adjusted by adjusting the length of the vertical arm, the area of ​​the coupling component 19, and the spacing between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, thereby achieving the decoupling effect of the first antenna unit 301 in different operating frequency bands. Therefore, the decoupling design of the antenna unit provided in this application is applicable to a wide bandwidth range.

[0106] You can continue to refer to Figure 7 In some embodiments of the present application, the coupling component 19 may include a hollow portion 191, and the balun 3 may be inserted into the hollow portion 191 to connect each balun arm of the balun to the corresponding radiating arm. This makes the antenna structure more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna. In addition, in some embodiments of the present application, the area of ​​the coupling component 19 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the hollow portion 191, thereby adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor formed by the coupling between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, that is, adjusting the filtering effect of the filter circuit formed by the radiator 1, the balun 3, and the reflector 2.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, an insulating fixing member, such as plastic, may be filled in the hollow portion 191, which can effectively prevent the balun 3 from contacting the coupling component 19. It can also fix and support the radiator 1, thereby improving the structural reliability of the antenna.

[0108] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the first vertical arm 15, the second vertical arm 16, the third vertical arm 17, and the fourth vertical arm 18 are distributed around the hollow portion 191, which simplifies the arrangement of each vertical arm. Furthermore, because the space enclosed by each vertical arm is relatively large, each vertical arm can effectively avoid the balun 3, thereby reducing the risk of a short circuit between the vertical arm and the balun 3.

[0109] You can continue to refer to Figure 7 To enable signal transmission by the first antenna unit 301, the first antenna unit 301 provided in the present application further includes a first feeder 4, which is used to feed the first signal to the second radiating arm 12. The first feeder 4 can be signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12 by direct connection such as welding or by coupling. This application does not specifically limit this connection, as long as signal transmission between the first feeder 4 and the second radiating arm 12 is achieved.

[0110] In addition, it can be understood that the first feeder line 4 can also be used to connect to the feeder network ( Figure 7 (not shown) connection, then in some embodiments of the present application, the reflector 2 may include a first through hole 201, and the first feed line 4 may pass through the first through hole 201 to be connected to the feed network.

[0111] It is worth mentioning that in some embodiments of the present application, in order to prevent the first feeding line 4 from contacting the reflector 2 , an insulating fixing member such as plastic may be filled between the first feeding line 4 and the wall of the first through hole 201 .

[0112] Because in Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the first antenna unit 301 is a dual-polarized antenna unit and further includes a second feeder 5 for feeding a second signal to the fourth radiating arm 14. The connection between the second feeder 5 and the fourth radiating arm 14 can be described with reference to the connection between the first feeder 4 and the second radiating arm 12 above, and will not be further described here.

[0113] It is worth mentioning that the present application does not limit the polarization of the first signal and the second signal. For example, in one possible embodiment, the second radiating arm 12 is a +45° polarized radiating arm. Then, the first feeder is connected to the second radiating arm 12, so that the first signal is a +45° polarized signal. In addition, the fourth radiating arm 14 can be a -45° polarized radiating arm. Then, the second feeder is connected to the fourth radiating arm 14, so that the second signal is a -45° polarized signal. In other embodiments of the present application, the first signal and the second signal can also be signals of other polarization modes, which are not listed here one by one.

[0114] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the feed line and the balun of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided for ease of understanding. Figure 9 An exploded view of the feeder and balun assembly is shown. In this application, a portion of the first feeder 4 is spaced apart from and opposite to the first balun arm 31. This creates a microstrip transmission line structure between the first feeder 4 and the first balun arm 31, reducing leakage of the first signal and thereby improving the transmission performance of the first signal by the radiator 1.

[0115] It is understood that in some embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to Figure 9 The second feed line 5 is spaced apart from the second balun arm 32 to form a microstrip transmission line structure between the second feed line 5 and the second balun arm 32, thereby reducing leakage of the second signal and ensuring the performance of the radiator 1 in transmitting the second signal.

[0116] You can continue to refer to Figure 9 The antenna further includes a first insulating fixture 6, one end of which is connected to the balun 3, and the other end of which is connected to the first feed line 4. It should be noted that the first insulating fixture 6 can be a solid dielectric, such as a screw made of an insulating material. This can connect the first feed line 4 to the balun 3 to improve structural reliability while also ensuring a constant spacing between the first feed line 4 and the balun 3, for example, ensuring a spacing of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm between the first feed line 4 and the balun 3, thereby reducing assembly tolerances and ensuring the signal transmission performance of the antenna.

[0117] Similarly, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 9 As shown, the antenna also includes a second insulating fixing member 7, one end of the second insulating fixing member is connected to the balun, and the other end of the second insulating fixing member is connected to the second feeder line. The second insulating fixing member 7 can be set with reference to the above description of the setting method of the first insulating fixing member 6, and will not be repeated here.

[0118] In some other embodiments of the present application, each feeder line may be connected to the balun 3 without using the above-mentioned solid medium, as long as a certain distance is ensured between the feeder line and the balun 3.

[0119] Refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 In this embodiment of the present application, the balun 3 further includes a first shorting arm 33, wherein the first shorting arm 33 is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12. Since the balun 3 is signal-connected to the reflector 2, and the first feeder 4 is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12, the first feeder 4 can be signal-connected to the reflector 2 via the second radiating arm 12 and the first shorting arm 33, thereby achieving grounding of the first feeder 4. This improves the isolation between the first antenna unit 301 and the second antenna unit 302, thereby enhancing antenna performance.

[0120] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the length L1 of the first short-circuit arm 33 satisfies the following: (1 / 8)×λ≤L1≤(3 / 8)×λ. For example, L1 may be (1 / 4)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit 301. This effectively filters other signals, thereby ensuring the communication performance of the first antenna unit 301.

[0121] You can continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 In the embodiment of the present application, the balun 3 further includes a second short-circuit arm 34, wherein the second short-circuit arm 34 is signal-connected to the fourth radiating arm 14. Since the balun 3 is signal-connected to the reflector 2 and the second feeder 5 is signal-connected to the fourth radiating arm 14, the second feeder 5 can be signal-connected to the reflector 2 via the fourth radiating arm 14 and the second short-circuit arm 34, thereby achieving grounding of the second feeder 5. This can improve the Figure 8 The isolation between the first antenna unit 301 and the second antenna unit 302 shown in FIG is improved, thereby facilitating the improvement of antenna performance.

[0122] In some possible embodiments of the present application, the length L2 of the second short-circuit arm 34 satisfies the following: (1 / 8)×λ≤L2≤(3 / 8)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit 301. This effectively filters low-frequency signals, thereby ensuring the communication performance of the first antenna unit 301.

[0123] As can be seen from the above description, in this application, the various components of the balun 3 can be cut and formed from the same sheet material. Thus, the first shorting arm 33 and the second shorting arm 34 can be cut and formed from the same sheet material as the first balun arm 31 and the second balun arm 32. Furthermore, the first shorting arm 33 and the second shorting arm 34 can be configured similarly to the first balun arm 31 and the second balun arm 32 described above, and their detailed description is omitted here.

[0124] In the above embodiments, the radiator 1 can be an integrally formed structure, that is, each radiating arm, each vertical arm, and coupling component 19 of the radiator 1 can be cut from the same sheet material. In addition, the first vertical arm 15, the second vertical arm 16, the third vertical arm 17, and the fourth vertical arm 18 can all be bent arms. In the process of processing the radiator 1 shown in any of the above embodiments, after cutting and forming each radiating arm, each vertical arm, and coupling component 19, each vertical arm can be bent toward one side of the coupling component 19; each radiating arm can then be bent relative to the corresponding vertical arm according to design requirements. For example, the first vertical arm 15 can be connected to the edge of the first radiating arm 11 facing away from the second radiating arm 12, the second vertical arm 16 can be connected to the edge of the second radiating arm 12 facing away from the first radiating arm 11, the third vertical arm 17 can be connected to the edge of the third radiating arm 13 facing away from the fourth radiating arm 14, and the fourth vertical arm 18 can be connected to the edge of the fourth radiating arm 14 facing away from the third radiating arm 13, so as to facilitate the configuration of structures such as the balun 3. This can help simplify the processing technology of the radiator 1 and reduce the materials used for the radiator 1 , and no additional assembly is required, thereby helping to reduce costs.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present application, die-casting or other one-piece molding processes may be used to obtain a radiator with an one-piece molding structure, which are not listed here one by one.

[0126] In some other embodiments of the present application, at least part of the structure of the radiator 1 can also be connected by assembly to improve the design flexibility of the radiator 1. For example, referring to Figure 10 , Figure 10 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the coupling component 19 includes a first subcomponent 192 and a second subcomponent 193, and the first subcomponent 192 and the second subcomponent 193 are spaced apart. Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling component 19 is a discontinuous structure, but its effect on the capacitance formed by the coupling between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 is small. Therefore, the capacitance value of the coupling capacitance between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can still be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​each sub-component of the coupling component 19 and the spacing between the entire coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the interference of the first antenna unit 301 on the second antenna unit 302, thereby improving the S parameters and radiation pattern parameters such as beam width, gain and cross-polarization ratio of the second antenna unit 302.

[0127] exist Figure 10In the illustrated embodiment, the first and third pendant arms 15, 17 are both signal-connected to the first subassembly 192, and the second and fourth pendant arms 16, 18 are both signal-connected to the second subassembly 193. Other structures of the radiator 1 and the antenna can be configured with reference to the above embodiments and are not described in detail here.

[0128] In addition, refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 10 Compared with the embodiment described above, Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the first and fourth vertical arms 15 and 18 are both connected to the first subassembly signal 192, and the second and third vertical arms 16 and 17 are both connected to the second subassembly signal 193. This still achieves the purpose of reducing interference from the first antenna unit 301 to the second antenna unit 302. Figure 11 The other structures of the antenna shown can be arranged with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0129] Figure 12 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling component 19 includes a first subcomponent 192, a second subcomponent 193, a third subcomponent 194, and a fourth subcomponent 195. The first vertical arm 15 is signal-connected to the first subcomponent 192, the second vertical arm 16 is signal-connected to the second subcomponent 193, the third vertical arm 17 is signal-connected to the third subcomponent 194, and the fourth vertical arm 18 is signal-connected to the fourth subcomponent 195. Thus, the capacitance of the coupling capacitor between the coupling component 19 and the reflector 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​each subcomponent of the coupling component 19 and the spacing between the entire coupling component 19 and the reflector 2, thereby reducing interference from the first antenna unit 301 on the second antenna unit 302 and improving the S parameters of the second antenna unit 302 and other directional parameters such as beamwidth, gain, and cross-polarization ratio.

[0130] Figure 12 The other structures of the antenna shown can be arranged with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0131] In the above embodiments, the radiating arm and the corresponding vertical arm, as well as the vertical arm and the coupling component 19, are directly connected, that is, there is no other connection medium between the two parts of the signal connection conductor. In other embodiments of the present application, the two parts of the signal connection conductor can also be connected through other connection media. For example, referring to Figure 13 , Figure 13 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 14 , Figure 14 for Figure 13 An exploded view of the antenna is shown. Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the illustrated embodiment, a first dielectric 8a may be disposed between the first radiating arm 11 and the first vertical arm 15. When the first dielectric 8a is a conductive medium, such as a spring or conductive foam, the first radiating arm 11 is electrically connected to the first vertical arm 15. When the first dielectric 8a is a non-conductive medium, the first radiating arm 11 is coupled to the first vertical arm 15.

[0132] You can continue to refer to Figure 14 A second dielectric 8b may be provided between the second radiating arm 12 and the second vertical arm 16. When the second dielectric 8b is a conductive medium such as a spring or conductive foam, the second radiating arm 12 is electrically connected to the second vertical arm 16. When the second dielectric 8b is a non-conductive medium, the second radiating arm 12 is coupled to the second vertical arm 16.

[0133] In addition, a third medium 8c may be provided between the third radiating arm 13 and the third vertical arm 17. The third medium 8c may be configured similarly to the first medium 8a or the second medium 8b, so that the third radiating arm 13 is electrically connected or coupled to the third vertical arm 17. The fourth radiating arm 14 and the fourth vertical arm 18 may also be electrically connected or coupled to each other via a fourth medium 8d. The fourth medium 8d may be configured similarly to the first medium 8a, the second medium 8b, or the third medium 8c, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0134] It is worth mentioning that in some embodiments of the present application, the signal connection methods between each radiating arm and the corresponding vertical arm may be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this.

[0135] Figure 13 and Figure 14 Other structures of the antenna shown can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0136] Figure 15 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 16 for Figure 15 An exploded view of the antenna is shown. Figure 16 In the illustrated embodiment, a fifth dielectric 8e is disposed between the first pendant arm 15 and the coupling component 19. When the fifth dielectric 8e is a conductive medium, such as a spring or conductive foam, the first pendant arm 15 is electrically connected to the coupling component 19. When the fifth dielectric 8e is a non-conductive medium, the first pendant arm 15 is coupled to the coupling component 19.

[0137] You can continue to refer to Figure 15 and Figure 16A sixth dielectric 8f may be provided between the second vertical arm 16 and the coupling component 19. When the sixth dielectric 8f is a conductive dielectric such as a spring or conductive foam, the second vertical arm 16 is electrically connected to the coupling component 19. When the sixth dielectric 8f is a non-conductive dielectric, the second vertical arm 16 is coupled to the coupling component 19.

[0138] In addition, a seventh medium 8g may be provided between the third hanging arm 17 and the coupling component 19. The seventh medium 8g may be configured similarly to the fifth medium 8e or the sixth medium 8f, so as to electrically connect or couple the third hanging arm 17 to the coupling component 19. An eighth medium 8h may be provided between the fourth hanging arm 18 and the coupling component 19. The eighth medium 8h may be configured similarly to the fifth medium 8e, the sixth medium 8f, or the seventh medium 8g, so as to electrically connect or couple the fourth hanging arm 18 to the coupling component 19.

[0139] It is worth mentioning that in some embodiments of the present application, the signal connection methods between each vertical arm and the coupling component 19 can be the same or different, and the present application does not limit it.

[0140] Figure 15 and Figure 16 Other structures of the antenna shown can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0141] Figure 17 Another structural diagram of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 18 for Figure 17 An exploded view of the antenna is shown. Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the embodiment shown, a medium is provided between the conductors of each signal connection of the radiator, for example, between each radiating arm and the corresponding vertical arm, and between each vertical arm and the coupling component 19, so that the conductors of each signal connection can be electrically connected or coupled through the medium.

[0142] Figure 17 and Figure 18 The media shown in Figure 13 or Figure 15 Set up, and Figure 15 Other structures of the antenna shown can be configured with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0143] The above embodiments all take the first antenna unit 301 as a dual-polarized antenna unit as an example to introduce the design principle of the first antenna unit 301 provided by this application. However, this design principle can also be applied to a single-polarized antenna unit, and its setting method in the single-polarized antenna unit is similar to the setting method in the above-mentioned dual-polarized unit. Since the number of radiating arms, vertical arms, feed lines, balun arms and short-circuit arms of the single-polarized antenna unit is reduced by half compared to the dual-polarized antenna unit, its structure is simpler. Figure 19 Take the antenna shown in as an example, Figure 19 The first antenna unit 301 of the antenna shown in the figure is a single-polarized antenna unit, wherein the radiator 1 of the first antenna unit 301 includes a first radiating arm 11, a second radiating arm 12, a first vertical arm 15, a second vertical arm 16 and a coupling component 19, which can be set with reference to any of the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0144] like Figure 19 As shown, in this embodiment, the balun 3 includes a first balun arm 31, which is signal-connected to the first radiating arm 11. The radiator 1, the balun 3, and the reflector 2 together form a filtering circuit to reduce signal interference from the first antenna unit 301 to the second antenna unit 302, thereby improving the S parameters and radiation pattern parameters of the second antenna unit 302, such as beamwidth, gain, and cross-polarization ratio.

[0145] In addition, Figure 19 In the illustrated embodiment, the first antenna unit 301 includes a first feeder line 4, which is used to feed the first signal to the second radiating arm 12. A portion of the first feeder line 4 is spaced apart from and opposite to the first balun arm 31 to form a microstrip transmission line structure, thereby reducing leakage of the first signal and ensuring the radiator's performance in transmitting the first signal.

[0146] You can continue to refer to Figure 19 The balun 3 also includes a first shorting arm 33, which is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12. Since the balun 3 is signal-connected to the reflector 2 and the first feeder 4 is signal-connected to the second radiating arm 12, the first feeder 4 can be signal-connected to the reflector 2 via the second radiating arm 12 and the first shorting arm 33, thereby grounding the first feeder 4. This improves the isolation between the first antenna unit 301 and the second antenna unit 302, thereby enhancing antenna performance.

[0147] Figure 19 Other possible configurations of the radiation arm, vertical arm, coupling component 19, balun 3 and first feed line 4 of the first antenna unit 301 shown in FIG can refer to any of the above embodiments and will not be described in detail here.

[0148] The above embodiments are only some exemplary descriptions of the specific settings of the antenna provided in this application. On this basis, if there is no special explanation and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0149] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The device comprises a first antenna unit, wherein the first antenna unit comprises a reflector, a radiator and a balun, wherein: The radiator includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a first vertical arm, a second vertical arm and a coupling component, wherein one end of the first vertical arm is signal-connected to the first radiating arm, and the other end of the first vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component; one end of the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the second radiating arm, and the other end of the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component; the coupling component is spaced apart from and arranged opposite to the reflector, and the coupling component is coupled to the reflector; The balun is signal-connected to the reflection plate. The balun includes a first balun arm. The first balun arm is signal-connected to the first radiation arm.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The coupling component includes a hollow portion, and the balun is arranged through the hollow portion.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein The first hanging arm and the second hanging arm are distributed around the hollow portion.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first vertical arm is connected to an edge of the first radiation arm that is away from the second radiation arm; and the second vertical arm is connected to an edge of the second radiation arm that is away from the first radiation arm.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The coupling component includes a first subcomponent and a second subcomponent. The first subcomponent and the second subcomponent are spaced apart from each other. The first hanging arm is signal-connected to the first subcomponent, and the second hanging arm is signal-connected to the second subcomponent.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the first radiation arm, and the second vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the second radiation arm.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first hanging arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component, and the second hanging arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The first antenna unit further includes a first feed line, a portion of the first feed line is opposite to and spaced from the first balun arm, and the first feed line is used to feed a first signal to the second radiation arm.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein The balun further includes a first short-circuit arm, and the first short-circuit arm is signal-connected to the second radiation arm.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein The length L1 of the first short-circuit arm satisfies: (1 / 8)×λ≤L1≤(3 / 8)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The radiator further includes a third radiating arm, a fourth radiating arm, a third vertical arm and a fourth vertical arm, the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are arranged along a first direction, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction; One end of the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the third radiating arm, and the other end of the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component; one end of the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the fourth radiating arm, and the other end of the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the coupling component; The balun further includes a second balun arm, and the second balun arm is signal-connected to the third radiation arm.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein The radiator is an integrally formed structure, and the first vertical arm, the second vertical arm, the third vertical arm and the fourth vertical arm are all bent arms.

13. The antenna according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: The third vertical arm is connected to an edge of the third radiation arm that is away from the fourth radiation arm; and the fourth vertical arm is connected to an edge of the fourth radiation arm that is away from the third radiation arm.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The coupling component includes a first sub-component, a second sub-component, a third sub-component and a fourth sub-component, and the first sub-component, the second sub-component, the third sub-component and the fourth sub-component are arranged at intervals; the first vertical arm is signal-connected to the first sub-component, the second vertical arm is signal-connected to the second sub-component, the third vertical arm is signal-connected to the third sub-component, and the fourth vertical arm is signal-connected to the fourth sub-component.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that: The third vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the third radiation arm; the fourth vertical arm is point-connected or coupled to the fourth radiation arm.

16. The antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that: The third vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component; the fourth vertical arm is electrically connected or coupled to the coupling component.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein: The first antenna unit further includes a second feed line, a portion of the second feed line is arranged opposite to the second balun arm, and the second feed line is used to feed a second signal to the fourth radiation arm.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, wherein The balun further includes a second short-circuit arm, and the second short-circuit arm is signal-connected to the fourth radiation arm.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein The length L2 of the second short-circuit arm satisfies: (1 / 8)×λ≤L2≤(3 / 8)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit.

20. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The distance h1 between the coupling structure and the reflector satisfies: 0≤h1≤(1 / 8)×λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the first antenna unit.

21. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a second antenna unit. The operating frequency of the second antenna unit is lower than the operating frequency of the first antenna unit. The second antenna and the first antenna unit are distributed on the same side of the reflector.

22. An antenna feed system, characterized in that: Comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

23. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises a radio frequency processing unit, a baseband processing unit and the antenna feed system according to claim 22, wherein the baseband processing unit is connected to the antenna feed system through the radio frequency processing unit.

24. A communication system, characterized in that: It includes a core network device and the communication device as described in claim 23, and the core network device is communicatively connected with the communication device.

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