Swing wind resistant power generation system

Abstract

This application provides a wind-resistant, stable power generation agricultural-solar hybrid system, including pillars, beams, photovoltaic supports, and photovoltaic panels erected in farmland. The photovoltaic panels are equipped with a buffer mechanism and an overload release device. The buffer mechanism effectively absorbs kinetic energy and reduces the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panels through its elasticity, and automatically resets the photovoltaic panels after strong winds. The overload release device protects the photovoltaic panels from damage caused by strong winds. This application overcomes the technical defects of existing static wind-resistant systems, reduces system wind resistance, can withstand super typhoons, provide stable power generation and irrigation, and promote agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of agricultural-solar complementary technology, specifically relating to a swing-resistant wind power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Patent document "A Flexible Photovoltaic Support for Stackable Photovoltaic Modules in a Photovoltaic-Agricultural Complementary System (CN119109385B)" discloses a wind-resistant technology solution for a photovoltaic-agricultural complementary system that allows photovoltaic panels to be retracted during extreme winds and hail. However, its cost is too high, making it difficult to promote and apply on a large scale. Figure 1 The illustrated "A Solar Photovoltaic Module Support for Fishery-Solar Complementary Systems (CN204498056U)" is a photovoltaic system with columns, beams, and photovoltaic panels. It includes beams, columns, and photovoltaic panels. The applicant's research has revealed that the aforementioned patent and thousands of other existing technologies share a common technical feature: using robust photovoltaic supports to stabilize the photovoltaic panels and using static photovoltaic panels to resist strong winds. In short, they employ a static wind-resistant technical approach and design concept.

[0003] During its research on numerous agricultural-solar complementary technology implementation cases employing the aforementioned static wind-resistant technical approach, the applicant discovered that a facility located in Sanjiang Town, Meilan District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, built in May 2024, is an example... Figure 1 The photovoltaic power generation demonstration project, featuring a 100 MW installed capacity and covering an area of ​​1663 mu (approximately 104 hectares), was completely destroyed in Typhoon Mangkhut (No. 11 of 2024), resulting in economic losses of over 400 million yuan. Statistics show that Typhoon Mangkhut caused losses of over 8 billion yuan to photovoltaic power generation projects in total. This demonstrates that the current technical approach of static wind resistance, using stationary photovoltaic panels to withstand strong winds, has faced severe challenges from super typhoons. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a swaying wind-resistant power generation system that can withstand super typhoons during extraordinary periods and provide stable power generation and irrigation under normal conditions, thereby promoting agricultural production.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application proposes a swing-type wind-resistant power generation system that differs from the existing static wind-resistant technology approach.

[0006] This application provides a swaying wind-resistant power generation system, including a column erected in farmland (or on the ground surface), a crossbeam installed on the column, a photovoltaic support structure formed by the column and the crossbeam, and photovoltaic panels installed on the photovoltaic support structure.

[0007] ① The photovoltaic panel is mounted on the photovoltaic support through a non-fixed installation structure. This non-fixed installation structure allows the photovoltaic panel to sway relative to the photovoltaic support under strong winds, thereby reducing the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and expanding the wind passage, thus reducing the impact of strong winds on the photovoltaic panel and improving the system's wind resistance performance (reducing system investment).

[0008] ② In the absence of wind or light wind (i.e., under normal conditions), the photovoltaic panel remains relatively stationary (i.e., maintains a stable state) to receive sunlight and generate electricity.

[0009] ③ The photovoltaic panel is equipped with a buffer mechanism, which connects the swaying photovoltaic panel to the fixed photovoltaic support. The buffer mechanism includes a spring (buffering) mechanism or a weight (buffering) mechanism. The buffer mechanism is used to absorb kinetic energy (e.g., through its elasticity) during strong winds (i.e., during extraordinary periods), limit the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel (caused by the wind) and slow down the swaying speed to avoid damage to the photovoltaic panel due to excessive stress (caused by violent swaying), and automatically reset the photovoltaic panel (to a static state) after the strong winds (i.e., under normal conditions).

[0010] It should be noted that the "buffering mechanism" described in this application refers to a design used to reduce or absorb the impact of wind (or other kinetic energy) on photovoltaic panels, in order to protect the structural safety of the photovoltaic panels and maintain their power generation. This buffering mechanism includes, but is not limited to, any one of the following buffering mechanisms: spring (buffering) mechanism, elastic (buffering) mechanism, braking (buffering) mechanism, weight (buffering) mechanism, damping (buffering) mechanism, etc.

[0011] Existing technical data shows that when the tension generated by the wind is small, the spring remains unstretched. However, when the tension exceeds a certain value (e.g., 4.13 kg or 12.26 kg), the spring begins to stretch. This specific tension value is usually referred to as the critical tension or yield point of the spring. When the tension is large, the maximum length the spring can stretch is the maximum working length L of the spring. With the "buffering mechanism" described in this application, when the wind is weak (i.e., light wind) and the tension generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is less than the yield point of the spring, the spring cannot be pulled, thus maintaining the static state of the photovoltaic panel. When strong winds arrive and the tension generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel exceeds the yield point of the spring, the spring can be pulled, thus failing to maintain the static state of the photovoltaic panel, inevitably causing the photovoltaic panel to sway with the strong wind to buffer the wind force.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the buffer mechanism is a spring mechanism. One end of the spring (e.g., directly or via a lever) is connected to a swaying photovoltaic panel (preferably connected to the lower part of the photovoltaic panel), and the other end is connected to a fixed photovoltaic support (e.g., connected to a stabilizing rod). This limits the swaying amplitude and slows down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel through the elastic deformation of the spring. The total yield point of the springs used for the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m², more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the buffer mechanism is a weight-based structure. The weight is suspended below the photovoltaic panel. In calm or light wind conditions, the weight's gravity pulls the photovoltaic panel to maintain its stillness. In strong winds, the weight's gravity limits the swaying amplitude and slows the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel. The total weight of the weight used for the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×3×0.95kg / m², preferably ≥C×D×3×2kg / m², and more preferably ≥C×D×3×3.65kg / m². It should be noted that because the improved technologies such as the limiting sliders to be adopted later are not yet used, the total weight of the weight needs to be increased by more than three times. This places higher demands on the load-bearing capacity of the photovoltaic support structure, which is detrimental to reducing the cost of the photovoltaic support structure.

[0014] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the non-fixed installation structure is a movable connection structure between the photovoltaic panel and the crossbeam in the photovoltaic support, including but not limited to hinge connections, pivot connections, or suspension connections, so that the photovoltaic panel can sway with strong winds (e.g., around the crossbeam); the sway angle of the photovoltaic panel is preferably limited to within 90 degrees to prevent the photovoltaic panel from rotating and breaking the electrical connection wires. "Non-fixed installation" means that the photovoltaic panel can sway relative to the photovoltaic support within a certain range with the wind, rather than being completely fixed.

[0015] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the spring connects the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic support via a lever structure, wherein the ratio of the lever length B to the photovoltaic panel width D, B / D, is ≥0.5. The ratio B / D is preferably ≥1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10 to allow for the use of inexpensive springs with lower yield points (e.g., 4.13-12.26 kg) to maintain the photovoltaic panel's stationary state; the ratio B / L of the lever length B to the spring's maximum working length L is ≥1.5, 3, or 6 to limit the photovoltaic panel's swaying amplitude to a smaller range. Studies show that the longer the lever length B, the larger the B / D value and the greater the torque, making it easier to stabilize the photovoltaic panel. Studies indicate that the lever length B is preferably 1-2 m.

[0016] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the swaying photovoltaic panel is equipped with an overload release device connected to a (fixed) photovoltaic support (e.g., a connecting stabilizer bar). One end of the overload release device is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic support. The overload release device is used to stabilize the photovoltaic panel (e.g., by tying, jamming, braking, blocking, holding, locking, etc.) to maintain a static state when there is no wind or a light wind. It is also used to release the photovoltaic panel during strong winds, allowing a buffer mechanism to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0017] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a limiting permanent magnet, used to hold the photovoltaic panel still by the magnetic attraction of the limiting permanent magnet when there is no wind or light wind, and used to allow the photovoltaic panel to break free of the magnetic attraction in strong wind, allowing the buffer mechanism to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel; the total magnetic attraction of the limiting permanent magnets used for the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m², more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel, and the units of C and D are meters.

[0018] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a limit bolt and an electric device (e.g., an electromagnet or a small motor) that drives its operation. The limit bolt is used to lock the photovoltaic panel to remain stationary in the absence of wind or light wind. In the event of strong wind, the electric device drives the limit bolt to move away, causing the photovoltaic panel to disengage from the lock and allowing a buffer mechanism to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0019] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a fusible limiting rope and an electric heating element. The fusible limiting rope is used to restrain the photovoltaic panel to keep it stationary when there is no wind or light wind. In strong wind, the electric heating element heats the fusible limiting rope, causing the photovoltaic panel to detach from the restraint, and a buffer mechanism takes over to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a limiting overload self-breaking rope, used to restrain the photovoltaic panel to remain stationary in the absence of wind or light wind, and used to allow the photovoltaic panel to break free of the limiting overload self-breaking rope itself in strong wind, thereby allowing the buffer mechanism to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a weight (which serves as both a buffer and a limiter), used to hold the photovoltaic panel still by part of its weight when there is no wind or a light wind (at which point it can hold the panel down), and used to allow the photovoltaic panel to overcome its own gravity and lift the weight when there is strong wind (at which point it cannot hold the panel down), and then use the full weight of the lifted weight to limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a spring with a large yield point. This spring, in the absence of wind or light wind, pulls the photovoltaic panel to maintain its stillness by being unstretched (which is sufficient). In strong winds, the photovoltaic panel stretches the spring itself (which is insufficient), and the stretched spring then limits the swaying amplitude and slows the swaying speed. The total yield point of the springs used on the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m², and more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. The springs can be selected according to the size of the photovoltaic panel, using springs with different yield points, such as springs with (total) yield points of 4.13kg, 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 50kg, and 122kg.

[0023] Studies show that in strong winds (level 6 or above), with wind speeds exceeding 10.8 m / s, the wind pressure on a vertically suspended photovoltaic panel (perpendicular to the wind direction) exceeds 7.29 kg / m² (71.4 N / m²), with the crossbeam and stabilizer each bearing 50% of the wind pressure, or 35.7 N / m². In strong winds (level 5 or above), with wind speeds exceeding 8 m / s, the wind pressure on a vertically suspended photovoltaic panel (perpendicular to the wind direction) exceeds 4 kg / m² (39.2 N / m²), with the crossbeam and stabilizer each bearing 50% of the wind pressure, or 19.6 N / m². For slightly stronger winds (i.e., level 4 or above), the wind speed is above 5.5 m / s. The wind pressure on the vertically suspended photovoltaic panels (perpendicular to the wind direction) is above 1.89 kg / m² (i.e., 18.5 N / m²). The crossbeams and stabilizers each bear 50% of the wind pressure, i.e., 9.25 N / m².

[0024] To ensure the stability of the photovoltaic panel under non-strong wind conditions (i.e., wind speeds below level 4, 5, and 6) without being stretched, the spring specifications should follow these selection criteria: the total yield point of the springs used for the same photovoltaic panel should be ≥ C × D × 9.25 N / m², preferably ≥ C × D × 19.6 N / m², and ideally ≥ C × D × 35.7 N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents its width. Similarly, if a weighted cushioning mechanism or overload release device is used, the weight specifications should follow these selection criteria: the total weight of the weights used for the same photovoltaic panel should be ≥ C × D × 9.25 N / m², preferably ≥ C × D × 19.6 N / m², and ideally ≥ C × D × 35.7 N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents its width. Similarly, if permanent magnets are used in the overload release device, the specifications of the permanent magnets can follow the following selection criteria: the total magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnets used in the same photovoltaic panel is ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably the total magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnets is ≥C×D×19.6N / m², and most preferably the total magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnets is ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a spring, a limiting slide (fixed to the photovoltaic support) near the photovoltaic panel frame or lever, and a (flexible or rigid) limiting rope (more precisely, a rigid limiting rope should be called a limiting rod; the limiting rope described in this application includes rigid limiting rods) passing through (including bypassing or passing through) the limiting slide; the limiting rope on one side of the limiting slide is shorter, with the shorter section connected to the photovoltaic panel, while the limiting rope on the other side of the limiting slide is longer, with the longer section connected to the spring; in the absence of wind or light wind... In winds below force 5, the unstretched springs are held in place by the limiting ropes (which can hold the photovoltaic panel) to maintain its stillness. In strong winds, the photovoltaic panel stretches its own springs (which cannot hold the panel), and the stretched springs limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed. The total yield point of the springs used for the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m², more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. The short section length is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, most preferably ≤30mm, and extremely preferably ≤15mm. The limiting rope on the other side of the limiting slider is longer, and the longer section is preferably ≤1.414 times the length of the support rod or the rod-to-cable spacing H. In this way, because the limiting slider is very close to the photovoltaic panel and the limiting rope is short, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel and keep it completely still in calm or light wind conditions. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider is to the photovoltaic panel and the shorter the limiting rope is, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel completely still in calm or light wind conditions.

[0026] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the overload release device includes a weight (serving both buffering and limiting), a limiting slide (fixed to the photovoltaic support) near the photovoltaic panel frame or lever, and a (flexible or rigid) limiting rope (more precisely, a rigid limiting rope should be called a limiting rod; the limiting rope described in this application includes rigid limiting rods) passing through the limiting slide; the upper section of the limiting rope on the limiting slide is shorter, and the shorter section is connected to the photovoltaic panel; the lower section of the limiting rope on the limiting slide is longer, and the longer section suspends the weight; in the absence of wind or with light wind, the weight of the weight pulls the photovoltaic panel (which can be held in place at this time) through the limiting rope to keep it stationary; In strong winds, the photovoltaic panel itself pulls the weight (which cannot be held in place at this time), and the weight of the weight limits the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel and slows down the swaying speed. The total weight of the weight used for the same photovoltaic panel meets the following requirements: ≥C×D×0.95kg / m², preferably ≥C×D×2kg / m², more preferably ≥C×D×3.65kg / m², where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. The length of the short section is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, most preferably ≤30mm, and extremely preferably ≤15mm. The limiting rope on the other side of the limiting slider is relatively long, and the long section is preferably ≤1.414 times the length of the support rod or the rod-to-cable spacing H. In this way, because the limiting slider is very close to the photovoltaic panel and because the short section of the limiting rope is very short, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel and keep it completely still in the absence of wind or in light wind. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider is to the photovoltaic panel and the shorter the short section of the limiting rope, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel completely still in the absence of wind or with light wind.

[0027] The aforementioned stabilization design, which uses a limiting slider to divide the limiting rope into two segments (one long and one short), effectively stabilizes the photovoltaic panel in calm or low-wind conditions because the limiting slider is very close to the panel, the shorter segment of the limiting rope is very short, and the panel's sway amplitude is severely limited. Research shows that the closer the limiting slider is to the photovoltaic panel, the shorter the shorter the segment of the limiting rope, and the greater the limitation on the panel's sway amplitude, the easier it is to keep the panel stationary in calm or low-wind conditions; conversely, if... Figure 20 and Figure 21 In this design, the limiting rope without the limit slider is not divided into upper and lower sections. Because the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel is less restricted, even a small wind force is unlikely to keep the photovoltaic panel completely still. It should be noted that because of the improved technology such as the limit slider, the weight of the load can be very small. This reduces the load on the photovoltaic support structure and helps to lower its cost.

[0028] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the crossbeam serves as a load-bearing cable, the photovoltaic support also includes a stabilizing cable, the photovoltaic panels are vertically suspended on the load-bearing cable, and maintain a static state with one side facing east and the other side facing west; each photovoltaic panel is an independent and separate structure without linkage connection, and can sway independently with strong winds.

[0029] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the columns, beams, photovoltaic panels, buffer mechanism, and overload release device together constitute the photovoltaic stand structure.

[0030] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, there is a certain distance K between adjacent photovoltaic panels, where the distance K is 0.1D-1D, so that a wind passage is formed between adjacent photovoltaic panels; or, irrigation water pipes are also installed on the photovoltaic support.

[0031] Preferably, in the aforementioned swaying wind-resistant power generation system, the short section length of the limiting rope is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, further preferably ≤30mm, and most preferably ≤15mm; and / or, the long section length of the limiting rope is ≤1.41H, where H is the spacing between adjacent rods on the photovoltaic support, so as to limit the sway angle of the photovoltaic panel to within 90 degrees.

[0032] The term "beam" as used in this application generally refers to a horizontal beam or an inclined beam with a small angle of inclination (e.g., less than the local latitude +15°), including ropes, steel strands, rods, tubes, etc.

[0033] The term "farmland" as used in this application refers to any place suitable for planting or raising livestock, including places where vegetables, flowers, medicinal herbs, trees, grass, and fish can be grown.

[0034] The term "spring" as used in this application refers to any elastic object, including rubber bands, elastic bands, etc.

[0035] The overload release device described in this application is a commonly used protective device. It is used to automatically release when the force exceeds a set value to protect equipment or systems from damage caused by excessive pressure or load. Common types include mechanical overload protectors: utilizing mechanical springs or lever mechanisms, the device will tilt or disengage when the load exceeds a set value, typically used in industrial machinery, conveying equipment, etc.; overload clutches: the clutch will disengage when the set torque or force exceeds the range, thereby protecting the drive system; overload protection switches: detecting the load electronically or mechanically, the switch will cut off the circuit or trigger an alarm once the set value is exceeded; hydraulic or pneumatic overload valves: in hydraulic or pneumatic systems, the valve will open to release pressure when the pressure exceeds a set value, protecting system components from damage. In specific implementations, these readily available overload release devices can be selected and used according to specific circumstances, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0036] The limiting slider described in this application refers to common components such as pulleys, sliding rings, sliding holes, sliding gaps, and sliding rods. It can both allow the limiting pull rope to pass through smoothly and allow the limiting pull rope to move back and forth smoothly. Its function is to stabilize the limiting pull rope so that the photovoltaic panel is not easy to sway.

[0037] The term "limiting rope" as used in this application refers to various flexible ropes, such as steel wire ropes, steel strips, chains, nylon ropes, and other wear-resistant, water-resistant, sun-resistant, and durable flexible ropes.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0039] Firstly, it exhibits extremely strong wind resistance and sway resistance: The photovoltaic panels in this application are separate structures with no interconnections. The kinetic energy of a single photovoltaic panel's violent swaying will not be transferred to other panels. Each photovoltaic panel is inevitably subjected to multiple strong winds of various phases and directions at the same time. The direction and resultant force of these winds will cancel each other out, making it difficult for them to superimpose (resonate) and enhance each other, thus minimizing the destructive force on the photovoltaic system. Therefore, the wind resistance cost of this application is extremely low. It is worth emphasizing that this application includes... Figure 6 The proposed innovative implementation plan for a "swaying wind-resistant" agricultural-solar complementary project, which differs from the existing "static wind-resistant" technology, passed the field test of Super Typhoon Mangkhut (Category 17), the 11th typhoon of 2024. Analysis shows that the "swaying wind-resistant" method in this application adopts a strategy of controlling movement with movement, while the existing "static wind-resistant" technology adopts a strategy of controlling movement with stillness. The two technologies have vastly different approaches and significantly different technical effects.

[0040] Secondly, it provides airflow and reduces wind resistance: This application proposes to separate adjacent photovoltaic panels by a certain distance K, creating a smooth airflow channel between them, thereby reducing the wind resistance of the photovoltaic system. Compared to the current solution where adjacent photovoltaic panels are tightly connected without gaps, the airflow-providing technology in this application results in lower wind resistance and does not increase costs.

[0041] Thirdly, it achieves the technical effect of being able to withstand super typhoons during extraordinary periods (i.e., half a day during a once-in-a-decade event) and to generate electricity stably under normal conditions (i.e., 99.99% of the time), thus reducing wind resistance costs and hardware investment.

[0042] Fourth, the innovative design of the limiting slider and its limiting rope can keep the photovoltaic panel completely still even in light winds, achieving the technical effect of further stabilizing power generation under normal conditions.

[0043] Fifth, this application can be widely applied to agricultural production and park flower cultivation. For example, a park in Lingao County has adopted the appendix to this application. Figure 16 and attached Figure 19 The technical solution not only achieves stable photovoltaic power generation but also enables agricultural irrigation, promoting agricultural production such as flowers. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 The background technology is illustrated in the attached drawings of the specification "A Solar Photovoltaic Module Support for Fishery-Solar Complementary Technology (CN204498056U)". Figure 1 ".

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to this application (Example 1).

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the spring, the fusible limiting rope, and the heating element.

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the fusible limiting rope and the heating element.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the photovoltaic panel, crossbeam, stabilizer bar, lever, and limiting fuse rope in this application (Embodiment 2).

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side view diagram of a type of fuse without a limiting cord.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a side view schematic diagram of a method of using a heavy object in this application (Embodiment 3).

[0051] Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of a device using a limiting permanent magnet as described in this application (Example 4).

[0052] Figure 9 This is another structural schematic diagram of a swaying wind-resistant power generation system in this application (Example 5).

[0053] Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of a swaying wind-resistant power generation system in this application (Example 6).

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a beam and a photovoltaic panel.

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, crossbeam, and stabilizer bar.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a photovoltaic panel and its adjacent panels.

[0057] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable (i.e., crossbeam), stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod), and limiting permanent magnet in this application (Example 7).

[0058] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable (i.e., crossbeam), stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod), and limiting slide in this application (Example 8).

[0059] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable (i.e., crossbeam), stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod), and limiting slide in this application (Example 9).

[0060] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, the weight, the load-bearing cable (i.e., the crossbeam), the stabilizing cable (i.e., the stabilizing rod), and the limiting slide in this application (Example 10).

[0061] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic stand, which consists of a photovoltaic panel, a spring, a crossbeam, and a limiting permanent magnet, as described in this application (Example 11).

[0062] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic stand, which consists of a photovoltaic panel, a spring, a crossbeam, and a limiting slide, as described in this application (Example XII).

[0063] Figure 20 This is a structural diagram of an undesirable infinite sliding component design.

[0064] Figure 21 This is a structural diagram of another undesirable infinite sliding component design.

[0065] Figure 22 This is another structural schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the photovoltaic panel, the weight, the load-bearing cable (i.e., the crossbeam), the stabilizing cable (i.e., the stabilizing rod), and the limiting slide in this application (Example 10).

[0066] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable, stabilizing cable, limiting slide, and limiting rope in this application (Example 13).

[0067] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable, stabilizing cable, limiting slide, and limiting tie rod in this application (Example 13).

[0068] The following are the symbol descriptions for the components: 1-Column, 2-Spring, 3-Photovoltaic panel, 4-Lever, 5-Stabilizer bar, 6-Crossbeam, 7-Limiting fuse rope, 8-Heating element, 9-Electrical connection wire, 10-Saddle, 11-Limiting bolt, 12-Electrical device, 13-Wind sensor, 14-Limiting permanent magnet, 15-Limiting overload self-breaking rope, 16-Crowbar, 17-Weight, 18-Fulcrum, 19-Support rod, 20-Hanging slip ring, 21-Clamping sleeve, 22-Gap, 23-Photovoltaic sign, 24-Elastic pad, 25-Limiting pull rope, 26-Limiting slider, 27-Clamping spring bolt, 28-(Limiting pull rope)Short section, 29-(Limiting pull rope)Long section, 30-Friction slider, 31-Limiting pull rod, 32-Buffer pad, 33-Irrigation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this application easier to understand, the following describes this application in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0070] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0071] It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can refer to an electrical connection or a direct connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0072] Example 1.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic support system consisting of a column 1, a crossbeam 6, and a stabilizing rod 5 is assembled on the ground.

[0074] On the crossbeam 6 of the photovoltaic support, photovoltaic panels 3 are mounted at a certain distance K.

[0075] Levers 4 are installed at both the top and bottom of the photovoltaic panel 3. A spring 2 with a yield point of 4.13-122 kgf is connected to the lower end of the lever 4. The photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled onto the stabilizing rod 5 by the spring 2 and the lever 4, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is mounted on the photovoltaic support through a non-fixed installation structure (such as bearing connection, straddle connection, hinge connection, etc.). This non-fixed installation structure allows the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway relative to the photovoltaic support beam when encountering strong winds. In this way, the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 is reduced, the wind passage is expanded, thereby reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3 and improving the wind resistance of the entire photovoltaic system. In this way, in the absence of wind or light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 will remain relatively stationary with its face towards the sky (optimal tilt angle) under the action of the spring 2, so as to receive sunlight and generate electricity.

[0076] In the previous step, lever 4, stabilizer 5, and spring 2 constitute a buffer mechanism. This buffer mechanism is used to effectively absorb kinetic energy and reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of photovoltaic panel 3 caused by wind when encountering strong wind conditions, so as to prevent photovoltaic panel 3 from being damaged by excessive stress caused by violent swaying, and automatically restore photovoltaic panel 3 to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind passes.

[0077] It is advisable, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a limiting fuse rope 7 with a melting point of 150 degrees Celsius is threaded through the spring 2, and the limiting fuse rope 7 is tied to the heating element 8, such as the heating wire. The heating wire is then tied to the stabilizing rod 5. In this way, during periods of no wind or weak wind, the limiting fuse rope 7 acts as an overload release device, keeping the photovoltaic panel 3 firmly stationary in a relatively static position facing the sky (at the optimal tilt angle) to receive sunlight and generate electricity. Finally, all the heating elements 8, such as the heating wire, are connected to the central control room using wires.

[0078] In this way, based on the weather forecast, before a strong typhoon hits, the staff in the main control room can turn on the power switch to make the heating elements 8, such as the heating wire, heat up and melt the limiting fuse 7, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 can sway with the wind relative to the photovoltaic support. This reduces the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3, expands the wind passage, and effectively reduces the direct impact of the wind on the photovoltaic panel 3, thereby improving the wind resistance performance of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0079] The drawback of the aforementioned manual gate closing measures is that new limit fuse ropes 7 need to be manually attached after the typhoon. Although the rope-attaching work is tedious, super typhoons usually occur once every ten years, so the rope-attaching work is also infrequent, occurring only once every ten years.

[0080] The overload release device, such as the aforementioned limit fuse rope 7, can be made of heat-fusible polymers such as polypropylene.

[0081] Example 2.

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, a flexible photovoltaic support system is assembled, including a crossbeam 6 (e.g., using steel strands as the crossbeam 6) and a stabilizer bar 5.

[0083] On the crossbeam 6 of the flexible photovoltaic support, photovoltaic panels 3 are mounted at intervals of a certain distance K. Ideally, the long side of the photovoltaic panel 3 is parallel to the crossbeam 6, or in other words, the wide side of the photovoltaic panel 3 is perpendicular to the crossbeam 6, in order to reduce the stress on the photovoltaic panel 3 caused by wind.

[0084] Levers 4 are installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 3. A spring 2 with a yield point of 4.13-122 kgf is connected to the lower end of the lever 4. The photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled onto the stabilizing rod 5 by the spring 2 and lever 4. For example, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be directly pulled onto the stabilizing rod 5 at the same height or slightly lower than the photovoltaic panel 3 by the spring 2. This allows the photovoltaic panel 3 to be mounted on the flexible photovoltaic support through a non-fixed installation structure (such as bearing connection, straddle connection, hinge connection, hanging connection, etc.). This non-fixed installation structure allows the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway relative to the flexible photovoltaic support when encountering strong winds. This reduces the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 and expands the wind passage, thereby effectively reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3 and improving the wind resistance of the entire photovoltaic system. In this way, in the absence of wind or light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 will (always) remain relatively stationary facing the sky (at the optimal tilt angle) under the action of the spring 2, receiving sunlight and generating electricity in a stable state.

[0085] In the previous step, lever 4, stabilizer 5, and spring 2 constitute a buffer mechanism. This buffer mechanism is used to effectively absorb kinetic energy and reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of photovoltaic panel 3 caused by wind when encountering strong wind conditions, so as to prevent photovoltaic panel 3 from being damaged by excessive stress caused by violent swaying, and automatically restore photovoltaic panel 3 to a relatively static state facing the sky after the strong wind passes.

[0086] Preferably, a self-breaking rope 15 for limiting overload is threaded through the spring 2. For example, a self-breaking rope 15 for limiting overload would break under a pulling force exceeding 12.26 kg, and the self-breaking rope 15 for limiting overload would be tied to the stabilizing rod 5. In this way, in the absence of wind or light wind, the self-breaking rope 15 for limiting overload would function to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 firmly in a relatively static state with (always) facing the sky (at the optimal tilt angle) to receive sunlight and generate electricity.

[0087] In this way, when a strong typhoon strikes, the tension applied by the photovoltaic panel 3 and its lever 4 will (due to being greater than 12.26 kg) break the limit overload self-breaking rope 15, allowing the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway with the wind relative to the flexible photovoltaic support. In this way, the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 is dynamically adjusted and the wind passage is expanded, thereby effectively reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3 and improving the wind resistance performance of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0088] The breaking strength of the aforementioned overload self-breaking rope 15 or the yield point of the selected spring 2 can be selected from various suitable specifications such as 4.13kg, 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 50kg, and 122kg. The specific specifications can be selected based on the plate width D, plate length C, pole length B, and wind resistance level test, or based on empirical values. In this way, the rope-tying work in Example 1 is unnecessary, thereby avoiding post-disaster recovery work such as rope tying.

[0089] Best of all Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 3 is mounted on the same crossbeam 6 via the movable saddle 10. One end of the lever 4 is fixed to the photovoltaic panel 3, and the other end is fixed to the stabilizing rod 5. The photovoltaic panel 3 is held in place by the lever 4 and a spring 2 with a large yield point (tensile force greater than 12.26 kg), keeping the photovoltaic panel 3 (always) stationary and facing the sky. This allows it to sway around the crossbeam 6 when strong winds blow. This method reduces the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3, expands the wind passage, and effectively reduces the direct impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3, improving the wind resistance of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0090] Preferably, the ratio of the lever length B to the photovoltaic panel width D of the photovoltaic panel 3, B / D, is ≥0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10; and the ratio of the lever length B to the maximum working length L of the spring, B / L, is ≥1.5, 3, or 6, in order to limit the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel to a small range. This is because the longer the lever 4, the larger the B / D ratio, making it easier to exert the lever effect and stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 with very little tension. The lever length B of the lever 4 is preferably 1-2m.

[0091] Another preferred option is, such as Figure 11 , Figure 13 As shown, the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 on one side of the beam 6 is greater than that on the other side to form an asymmetrical structure. This ensures that the photovoltaic panel 3 will inevitably sway in the wind, and the side with the smaller area can approach zero area. Conversely, if the areas of the photovoltaic panels 3 on both sides of the beam 6 are equal, a "static wind resistance" situation may occur at a certain moment, which may easily lead to excessive instantaneous stress on the photovoltaic panel 3 and damage.

[0092] Another preferred option is, such as Figure 12As shown, a spring 2 pulls the photovoltaic panel 3 to the crossbeam 6, keeping the photovoltaic panel 3 (always) stationary and facing the sky, so that it can sway around the crossbeam 6 when strong winds blow. This reduces the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3, expands the wind passage, and effectively reduces the direct impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3, thereby improving the wind resistance of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0093] Example 3.

[0094] like Figure 7 As shown, referring to the above embodiment 2, the overload release device includes a weight 17 (which serves as both a buffer and a limiter). Under windless or weak wind conditions, the weight 17, through a pry bar 16 connected at one end to the fulcrum 18 and at the other end to the lever 4, presses down on the photovoltaic panel 3 (including pulling and other pulling methods), restricting it to a relatively static state facing the sky. Under strong wind conditions, the pulling force of the photovoltaic panel 3 pulls up the weight 17 (including prying, pushing, and other removal methods) (causing it to roll down), and the spring 2 takes over to limit the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel 3 and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel. In this way, the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 is reduced to expand the wind passage, thereby effectively reducing the direct impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3 and improving the wind resistance performance of the system.

[0095] The weight of the aforementioned weight 17 can be selected from various suitable specifications such as 1kg, 3kg, 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 50kg, and 122kg. The specific specifications can be selected based on the board width D, board length C, pole length B, wind resistance level test, or empirical values.

[0096] Example 4.

[0097] like Figure 8 As shown, referring to Embodiment 3 above, a set of limiting permanent magnets 14 with a breakaway magnetic force of 12.26 kg are connected in parallel next to the spring 2. In this way, during periods of no wind or weak wind, the limiting permanent magnets 14 can play a limiting role, keeping the photovoltaic panel 3 firmly fixed in a relatively static state (always) facing the sky (at the optimal tilt angle) to receive sunlight and generate electricity.

[0098] When a strong typhoon strikes, the photovoltaic panel 3 and its lever 4 will (generate a pulling force greater than 12.26 kg) break free from the limiting permanent magnet 14, allowing the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway with the wind relative to the photovoltaic support; in this way, the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3 is reduced, thereby expanding the wind passage and effectively reducing the direct impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3, and improving the system's wind resistance performance.

[0099] The attraction strength (commonly known as magnetic attraction) of the aforementioned limiting permanent magnet 14 can be selected from various suitable specifications such as 1kg, 3kg, 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 50kg, and 122kg. The specific specifications can be selected based on the plate width D, plate length C, rod length B, wind resistance level test, or empirical values.

[0100] Example 5.

[0101] like Figure 9 As shown, referring to examples one to four above, the stabilizer 5 is replaced with a rotatable shaft, a limit bolt 11 is installed on the rotatable shaft, the electric device 12 is connected to the rotatable shaft, and the limit bolt 11 is used to block each photovoltaic panel 3.

[0102] Alternatively, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be pulled onto the rotating shaft by spring 2.

[0103] It is preferable to employ common technologies such as a wind power intelligent monitoring system with a wind sensor 13 and remote control to intelligently manage and control overload release devices such as limit bolts 11. This allows for timely and automatic opening of the overload release devices under extreme weather conditions, restoring the photovoltaic panels 3 to their freedom and allowing them to sway with strong winds, thereby reducing wind resistance and the risk of damage. The intelligent overload release device can be an intelligent electronic control system such as a motor, electromagnet, or electronic lock.

[0104] During normal periods (i.e., when there is no wind or the wind is not strong), the limit bolt 11 (equivalent to a locking tongue) is used to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 at a preset tilt angle φ of 90 degrees (i.e., the photovoltaic panel 3 is installed vertically) to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from swaying with light winds and maintain its vertical stability, which is conducive to efficient and stable power generation. When strong winds occur (e.g., winds of level 12 or above), the intelligent overload release device or manual operation can open the switch, and the limit bolt 11 is moved away by the electric device 12 (including rotation, pulling, or pneumatic operation), releasing the photovoltaic panel 3 so that it can sway with the strong wind. In this way, the photovoltaic panel 3 is tilted under the action of wind force, reducing the windward area and expanding the wind passage, thereby effectively reducing the direct impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3 and improving the wind resistance performance of the entire photovoltaic system. The limit bolt 11 mentioned in this application refers to any component that can block the photovoltaic panel 3 and keep it stationary.

[0105] Example 6.

[0106] like Figure 10 As shown, a photovoltaic support system consisting of a column 1 and a crossbeam 6 is assembled on the ground. The photovoltaic panel 3 is installed on the crossbeam 6 in the photovoltaic support system, and the crossbeam 6 is installed on the photovoltaic support system by means of a pivot, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 and the crossbeam 6 swing together around the axis.

[0107] On the crossbeam 6 of the photovoltaic support, photovoltaic panels 3 are fixed at a certain distance K.

[0108] The crossbeam 6 serves as a pivot, allowing it to rotate relative to the column 1. A lever 4 is installed at one end of the pivot, with a spring 2 connected to each end of the lever 4. The lever 4 and the springs 2, with their high yield point (tension), pull the column 1, thus enabling the photovoltaic panel 3 to be mounted on the photovoltaic support via a non-fixed installation structure. This non-fixed installation structure allows the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway relative to the photovoltaic support when encountering strong winds. This reduces the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 3, expanding the wind passage and effectively reducing the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel 3, thereby improving the wind resistance of the entire photovoltaic system. In this way, under windless or weak conditions, the photovoltaic panel 3 will maintain a relatively stationary state facing the sky (at the optimal tilt angle) to receive sunlight and generate electricity.

[0109] The spring 2 with a high yield point (tensile force) can be selected from various suitable specifications such as 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 30kg, 50kg, and 122kg. The specific specifications can be selected based on the plate width D, plate length C, rod length B, wind resistance level test, or empirical values. This eliminates the need for the rope-tying work described in Example 1, thus avoiding the hassle of rope tying.

[0110] It should be noted that the lever 4, beam 6, column 1, spring 2, and photovoltaic panel 3 together constitute a buffer mechanism. This buffer mechanism is used to effectively absorb and reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3 caused by the wind when encountering strong wind conditions, so as to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from being damaged by excessive stress caused by violent swaying, and automatically reset the photovoltaic panel 3 as a whole after the strong wind passes.

[0111] Example 7.

[0112] like Figure 14 As shown, a steel stranded cable is used as a crossbeam 6 that also serves as a load-bearing cable, and a stabilizing cable is used as a stabilizing rod 5 to vertically suspend the (double-sided) photovoltaic panel 3 (preferably by means of a hanging slip ring 20 and a clamp sleeve 21), so that the (double-sided) photovoltaic panel 3 remains in a static state with one side facing east and the other side facing west.

[0113] In other words, the crossbeam 6 is the load-bearing cable and the stabilizer 5 is the stabilizer cable. The photovoltaic panels 3 (with a double-sided ratio of ≥80%) are vertically suspended (i.e., vertically installed) onto the load-bearing cable (preferably by means of the hanging slip ring 20 and the clamp sleeve 21), so that the (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 remain stationary with one side facing east and the other side facing west. The photovoltaic panels 3 are separate structures and are not linked to each other, so they can sway with strong winds.

[0114] An overload release device with a 0.10-15mm (preferably self-opening and closing) gap 22 is assembled using a limiting permanent magnet 14, an elastic pad 24 (or a retractable base), a lever 4, and a support rod 19; in other words, the overload release device has a self-opening and closing gap 22 of 0.10-15mm. This allows the photovoltaic panel 3 to break free from the magnetic attraction and open the gap 22 to avoid collision when swaying in strong winds, and to be attracted by the magnetic attraction and close the gap 22 to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 when swaying in light winds. Experiments also show that without the overload release device, the spring 2 will have difficulty stabilizing the photovoltaic panel 3 in winds of level three to six, leading to a decrease in output power.

[0115] Example 8.

[0116] like Figure 15 As shown, based on Embodiment 7, the overload release device is modified to a spring 2 horizontally mounted on the stabilizing cable (with a yield point preferably of 4.13-30 kg and a maximum working length L preferably shorter than 1.414 times the length of the strut 19), a limiting slide 26 (i.e., a slip ring or pulley) fixed to the stabilizing cable (i.e., the stabilizing rod 5) near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3 by a clamp, and a (flexible) limiting rope 25 (e.g., a steel wire rope) passing through the limiting slide 26. The limiting rope 25 on the left side of the limiting slide 26 is shorter, with the shorter section 28 connected to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the shorter section 2... The length of the 8 is less than 240mm, preferably less than 120mm, more preferably less than 60mm, most preferably less than 30mm, and extremely preferably less than 15mm. The right side of the limiting slider 26 has a longer limiting pull rope 25. The longer section 29 is preferably less than or equal to 1.414 times the rod-to-cable spacing H. It is used to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 to within 90 degrees to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from being blown around by strong winds and breaking the electrical connection wire 9. After turning to the right, the longer section 29 is horizontally connected to one end of the spring 2. The other end of the spring 2 is fixed to the stabilizing cable (i.e., the stabilizing rod 5) with a clamp spring bolt 27.

[0117] Preferably, the spring 2 specification can follow the following selection criteria: the yield point of spring 2 is ≥C×D×9.25N / m², preferably the yield point of spring 2 is ≥C×D×19.6N / m², and most preferably the yield point of spring 2 is ≥C×D×35.7N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0118] In this way, when there is no wind or a light wind, the unstretched spring 2 can hold the photovoltaic panel 3 in place and keep it stationary. When encountering strong winds, the photovoltaic panel 3 can pull the spring 2 to reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0119] In this example, because the limiting slider 26 is very close to the photovoltaic panel 3, because the short segment 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the left side of the limiting slider 26 is very short, and because the limiting rope 25 bends and wraps around the limiting slider 26, the frictional contact area (between the two) is expanded, increasing the frictional force. Therefore, in the absence of wind or with a small wind, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3, keeping it completely still. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider 26 is to the photovoltaic panel 3 and the shorter the short segment 28 of the limiting rope 25, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still in the absence of wind or with a small wind. Conversely, if... Figure 20 The design scheme shown, which does not employ the limiting slider 26, is prone to causing the photovoltaic panel 3 to sway under the same light wind conditions. This results in the failure to achieve the technical effect of stable power generation under normal conditions, leading to a significant drop in system output power.

[0120] Example 9.

[0121] like Figure 16 As shown, based on Embodiment 8, the overload release device is replaced with a spring 2 (preferably with a yield point of 4.13-30 kg and a maximum working length L preferably shorter than 1.414 times the length of the strut 19) vertically installed between the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5) and the irrigation pipe 33, a limiting slide 26 (i.e., a slip ring) near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3 and fixed to the upper stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod 5) with a clamp, and a (flexible) limiting rope 25 (e.g., a steel wire rope) passing through the limiting slide 26. The limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slide 26 is... The shorter section 28 is connected to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3. The length of the shorter section 28 is less than 240mm, preferably less than 120mm, more preferably less than 60mm, and most preferably less than 30mm. The lower part of the limiting pull rope 25 of the limiting slider 26 is longer. The longer section 29 is preferably less than or equal to 1.414 times the rod cable spacing H. It is used to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 to within 90 degrees to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from being blown around by strong winds and breaking the power connection wire 9. The longer section 29 is connected to the upper end of the spring 2, and the lower end of the spring 2 is fixed to the irrigation water pipe 33.

[0122] In this way, when there is no wind or a light wind, the unstretched spring 2 can hold the photovoltaic panel 3 in place and keep it stationary. When encountering strong winds, the photovoltaic panel 3 can pull the spring 2 to reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0123] In this example, because the limiting slider 26 is very close to the photovoltaic panel 3, and because the short section 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slider 26 is very short, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 and keep it completely still in calm or light wind conditions. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider 26 is to the photovoltaic panel 3, and the shorter the short section 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slider 26, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still in calm or light wind conditions. Conversely, if... Figure 20The design shown, which does not employ the limiting slider 26, makes it difficult to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still under the same light wind conditions.

[0124] This example reduces system costs while increasing irrigation capabilities for farmland.

[0125] Example 10.

[0126] like Figure 17 , Figure 22 As shown, based on Embodiment 8, the overload release device is replaced with a vertically suspended weight 17 (weighing 4.13-30 kg), a limiting slider 26 (i.e., a slip ring) fixed to the stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod 5) near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3 by a clamp, and a limiting pull rope 25 (e.g., a steel wire rope) passing through the limiting slider 26. The upper section of the limiting pull rope 25 of the limiting slider 26 is shorter, with the short section 28 connecting to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3. The length of the short section 28 is less than 240 mm, preferably less than 120 mm, more preferably less than 60 mm, and most preferably less than 30 mm. The lower section of the limiting pull rope 25 of the limiting slider 26 is longer, with the long section 29 suspending the weight 17. The long section 29 is preferably less than or equal to 1.414 times the rod-cable spacing H, used to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel 3 to within 90 degrees, so as to prevent the photovoltaic panel 3 from being blown around by strong winds and breaking the electrical connection wire 9.

[0127] Preferably, the specifications of the weight 17 can follow the following selection criteria: the total weight of one or more weights 17 used for the same photovoltaic panel is ≥ C×D×9.25N / m², preferably ≥ C×D×19.6N / m², and most preferably ≥ C×D×35.7N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0128] In this way, when there is no wind or a light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be held in place by the weight 17 to keep it stationary; when encountering strong winds, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be held up by the weight 17 to reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0129] In this example, because the limiting slider 26 is very close to the photovoltaic panel 3, and because the short section 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slider 26 is very short, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 and keep it completely still in calm or light wind conditions. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider 26 is to the photovoltaic panel 3, and the shorter the short section 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slider 26, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still in calm or light wind conditions. Conversely, if... Figure 21 The design shown, which does not employ a stabilizing cable (i.e., stabilizing rod 5) and a limiting slider 26, makes it difficult to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still under the same light wind conditions.

[0130] In this example, the photovoltaic panel 3 can also be mounted on the load-bearing cable at the local optimal tilt angle (i.e., non-fixed installation), or the stabilizing cable can be installed at the same height or slightly lower than the photovoltaic panel 3. The photovoltaic panel 3 can be pulled on the stabilizing cable by the weight 17, the limiting slide 26, and the limiting pull rope 25 to keep it stationary.

[0131] Example 11.

[0132] like Figure 18 As shown, a photovoltaic signboard 23 is constructed using two PHC precast concrete pipe piles (serving as columns 1) 5 meters above ground (3 meters buried in the soil) with a diameter of 300 mm, four crossbeams 6 made of steel pipe with a diameter of 80 mm, and (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 of 1134 mm × 1720 mm are vertically suspended on the crossbeams 6 (preferably using hanging slip rings 20), and springs 2 are used to pull the (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 onto the crossbeams 6 below them, so that the (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 are kept in a stationary state with one side facing east and the other side facing west.

[0133] Then, a limit permanent magnet 14, spring 2, and crossbeam 6 are assembled into an overload release device with a gap 22 of 0.10-15mm (preferably self-opening and closing). In this way, when the photovoltaic panel 3 sways with the wind, the gap 22 between the limit permanent magnets 14 will prevent collisions. Test experiments also show that without the overload release device, spring 2 will have difficulty stabilizing the photovoltaic panel 3 at wind speeds of level three to six, leading to a decrease in output power.

[0134] Preferably, the specifications of the limiting permanent magnet 14 should follow the following selection criteria: the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet ≥ C×D×9.25N / m², the preferred magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet ≥ C×D×19.6N / m², and the most desirable magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet ≥ C×D×35.7N / m², where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0135] In contrast, the "photovoltaic sign unit J" in the "interlocking photovoltaic complementary method (CN120074337A)" lacks a buffer mechanism such as spring 2 and an overload release device. Under the same wind conditions (e.g., a category 12 typhoon), its "pole A / B" must use 500mm diameter PHC pipe piles. According to current market prices, a 500mm diameter PHC pipe pile (including materials and labor) costs 230 yuan per meter, and a 300mm diameter PHC pipe pile (including materials and labor) costs 105 yuan per meter. In comparison, this application, by adopting a buffer mechanism such as spring 2 and an overload release device, reduces the cost of column 1 by 54%, resulting in considerable cost savings.

[0136] In summary, the optimal implementation of the swaying wind-resistant power generation system provided in this application is as follows: the column 1, the beam 6, the photovoltaic panel 3, the buffer mechanism including but not limited to the spring 2, and the overload release device including but not limited to the limiting permanent magnet 14, together constitute a photovoltaic stand 23 structure (the column 1 has a very low cost).

[0137] Example 12.

[0138] like Figure 19 As shown in Examples 9 and 11, a photovoltaic signboard 23 is constructed using two PHC precast concrete pipe piles (serving as columns 1) with a diameter of 300mm and a height of 5 meters above ground (3 meters buried in the soil), four crossbeams 6 made of steel pipe with a diameter of 80mm, and (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 of 1134mm×1720mm are vertically suspended on the crossbeams 6 (preferably by means of hanging slip rings 20). The (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 are pulled to the crossbeams 6 below them by springs 2, limiting ropes 25, and limiting sliding parts 26 (such as pulleys or slip rings), so that the (double-sided) photovoltaic panels 3 are kept in a stationary state with one side facing east and the other side facing west.

[0139] In this way, when there is no wind or a light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be held still by the spring 2; when encountering strong winds, the photovoltaic panel 3 can pull the spring 2 to reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0140] In this example, because the limiting slider 26 is very close to the photovoltaic panel 3, because the shorter section 28 on the left side of the limiting slider 26 is very short, and because the limiting rope 25 bends around the limiting slider 26, the frictional contact surface (between the two) is expanded, increasing the frictional force. Therefore, in the absence of wind or with a light wind, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3, keeping it completely still. Studies show that the closer the limiting slider 26 is to the photovoltaic panel 3, the shorter the short section 28 of the limiting rope 25 on the upper side of the limiting slider 26, and the larger the bend of the limiting slider 26, the easier it is to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 completely still in the absence of wind or with a light wind.

[0141] In contrast, the "photovoltaic sign unit J" in the "interlocking photovoltaic complementary method (CN120074337A)" lacks a buffer mechanism such as spring 2 and an overload release device. Under the same wind conditions (e.g., a category 12 typhoon), its "pole A / B" must use 500mm diameter PHC pipe piles. According to current market prices, a 500mm diameter PHC pipe pile (including materials and labor) costs 230 yuan per meter, and a 300mm diameter PHC pipe pile (including materials and labor) costs 105 yuan per meter. In comparison, this application, by adopting a buffer mechanism such as spring 2 and an overload release device, reduces the cost of column 1 by 54%, resulting in considerable cost savings.

[0142] In summary, the preferred embodiment of the swaying wind-resistant power generation system provided in this application is as follows: the column 1, the beam 6, the photovoltaic panel 3, the buffer mechanism including but not limited to the spring 2, and the overload release device including but not limited to the limiting slide 26 and the limiting pull rope 25, together constitute a photovoltaic sign 23 structure (the column 1 has a very low cost).

[0143] Example 13.

[0144] like Figure 23 As shown, based on Embodiment 10, a friction slide 30 with a rough surface and high friction is fixed to the stabilizing cable (i.e., the stabilizing rod 5) near the photovoltaic panel 3; a limiting pull rope 25 bends around the friction slide 30 to expand the friction contact surface (between the two) and increase the friction force. The long section 29 of the limiting pull rope 25 is used to suspend the weight 17 (or the tension spring 2), and the short section 28 (less than 60mm in length) is connected to the photovoltaic panel 3 so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is simultaneously subjected to the pulling force from the two short sections 28. This pulling force is the resultant force of the sliding friction between the friction slide 30 and the limiting pull rope 25, and the gravity generated by the weight 17 (or the elastic force generated by the spring 2).

[0145] It is preferable to provide an elastic buffer such as a buffer pad 32 between the friction slide 30 and the weight 17, such as an elastic body like a rubber washer strung on the limit rope 25, so as to prevent the weight 17 in strong wind from being pulled up rapidly and directly damaging the friction slide 30, thereby avoiding strong impact noise and vibration.

[0146] In this way, when there is no wind or a light wind, the two limiting ropes 25 can hold the photovoltaic panel 3 from both sides of the friction slider 30 to keep it stationary; when encountering strong winds, the photovoltaic panel 3 can overcome friction and pull up the weight 17 to reduce the swaying amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0147] The two limiting ropes 25 in this embodiment can also be used as follows: Figure 24 The figure shows a rigid U-shaped limiting tie rod 31.

[0148] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application. The accompanying drawings are only schematic diagrams and are not drawn to scale. They cannot be used to limit the scope of this application. Equivalent variations made based on the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A swaying wind-resistant power generation system, comprising a column erected on the ground, a crossbeam mounted on the column, a photovoltaic support structure formed by the column and the crossbeam, and photovoltaic panels mounted on the photovoltaic support structure, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel is mounted on the photovoltaic support via a non-fixed installation structure. This non-fixed installation structure allows the photovoltaic panel to sway relative to the photovoltaic support under strong winds, thereby reducing the windward area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and expanding the wind passage, thus reducing the impact of strong winds on the photovoltaic panel and improving the system's wind resistance performance. The non-fixed installation structure is a movable connection structure between the photovoltaic panel and the crossbeam in the photovoltaic support. In the absence of wind or light wind, the photovoltaic panels remain relatively stationary to receive sunlight and generate electricity. The photovoltaic panel is equipped with a buffer mechanism that connects the swaying photovoltaic panel to the stationary photovoltaic support. The buffer mechanism includes a spring mechanism or a weight mechanism. The buffer mechanism is used to absorb kinetic energy and limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel during strong winds, so as to avoid damage to the photovoltaic panel due to excessive stress, and automatically reset the photovoltaic panel after the strong winds have passed. When the buffer mechanism is a spring mechanism, one end of the spring is connected to a swingable photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to a fixed photovoltaic support, so as to limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel and slow down the swing speed through the elastic deformation of the spring. When the buffer mechanism is a weight mechanism, the weight is suspended below the photovoltaic panel. In the absence of wind or with a light wind, the weight pulls the photovoltaic panel to keep it stationary. In strong wind, the weight limits the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel and slows down the swaying speed. The weight is suspended on the photovoltaic panel by a limiting rope. The limiting rope passes through a limiting slide near the edge of the photovoltaic panel or a lever. The upper part of the limiting rope on the limiting slide is shorter and holds the photovoltaic panel, while the lower part of the limiting rope is longer and suspends the weight. The photovoltaic panel is equipped with an overload release device that connects to the photovoltaic bracket. One end of the overload release device is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to the photovoltaic bracket. The overload release device is used to automatically release the photovoltaic panel when the force exceeds a set value.

2. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the buffering mechanism is a spring mechanism, the total yield point of the springs used in the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×35.7N / m 2 ; When the buffering mechanism is a weight-bearing mechanism, the total weight of the weights used on the same photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×3.65kg / m 2 ; Where C represents the length of the photovoltaic panel and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel, with C and D in meters.

3. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable connection structure includes hinge connections, pivot connections, or hanging connections, so that the photovoltaic panels can sway with strong winds.

4. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overload release device is selected from any one of the following ①-④: ①The overload release device includes a limiting permanent magnet, which is used to hold the photovoltaic panel still by magnetic attraction when there is no wind or light wind, and to allow the photovoltaic panel to break free from the magnetic attraction in strong wind, so that the buffer mechanism can limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel; the total magnetic attraction force of the limiting permanent magnets used for the same photovoltaic panel meets the following requirement: ≥C×D×35.7N / m²; ②The overload release device includes a limit bolt and an electric device for driving its action. It is used to lock the photovoltaic panel to keep it stationary by means of the limit bolt when there is no wind or light wind. It is used to drive the limit bolt to move away by means of the electric device when there is strong wind, so that the photovoltaic panel can be released from the lock and the buffer mechanism can limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel. ③The overload release device includes a fusible limiting rope and an electric heating element; it is used to restrain the photovoltaic panel to keep it stationary by means of the fusible limiting rope when there is no wind or a light wind, and to heat the fusible limiting rope by means of the electric heating element when there is a strong wind, so that the photovoltaic panel can be released from restraint and the buffer mechanism can limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel. ④ The overload release device includes a limit overload self-breaking rope, which is used to restrain the photovoltaic panel to keep it stationary when there is no wind or light wind, and to allow the photovoltaic panel to break free of the limit overload self-breaking rope itself in strong wind, so that the buffer mechanism can limit the swaying amplitude and slow down the swaying speed of the photovoltaic panel.

5. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic support system also includes stabilizing cables. The photovoltaic panels are vertically suspended on the load-bearing cables and remain stationary with one side facing east and the other side facing west. Each photovoltaic panel is an independent and separate structure without any linkage connection, and can sway independently with strong winds.

6. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: There is a certain distance K between two adjacent photovoltaic panels, where K is 0.1D-1D, and D represents the width of the photovoltaic panel, so that a wind passage is formed between the two adjacent photovoltaic panels; or, irrigation water pipes are also installed on the photovoltaic support.

7. The swaying wind-resistant power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the buffer mechanism is a weight mechanism, the short section length of the limiting rope is ≤240mm; and / or, the long section length of the limiting rope is ≤1.41H, where H is the spacing between adjacent rods on the photovoltaic support, so as to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel to within 90 degrees.

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