Saline-alkali soil conditioner with water retention capacity as well as preparation method and application of saline-alkali soil conditioner

Abstract

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water retention capacity and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil conditioning, the saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials by weight: 48-69 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 12-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 32-45 parts of semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles, and 1-4 parts of a microbial agent. Through the mode, the saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared by combining a biological modifier and a chemical modifier has the advantages of high water retention capacity, high improvement speed, moderate dosage, safety, environment friendliness and the like, is suitable for moderate saline-alkali soil and is applied to coastal moderate saline-alkali soil such as Shandong and Tianjin, and the corn yield is remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land soil conditioning, and in particular to a saline-alkali land soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali soil contains too many soluble salts (such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, etc.), or the pH value is too high, which leads to the deterioration of the soil's physical and chemical properties and low fertility.

[0003] There are many types of soil conditioners for saline-alkali land, such as biological and chemical improvers. However, both biological and chemical improvers have certain limitations in their application. Biological soil conditioners offer advantages such as low cost, a wide range of material sources, ease of use, and environmental safety. However, they also have issues such as a long action cycle, large dosages, and poor stability. Chemical soil conditioners offer advantages such as rapid improvement and significant results, but they also carry high environmental risks and may lead to secondary pollution.

[0004] Therefore, how to combine biological improvers with chemical improvers to prepare saline-alkali soil conditioners suitable for moderately saline-alkali soils and with the advantages of strong water retention capacity, fast improvement speed, moderate dosage, safety and environmental protection is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, and its preparation method and application to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48-69 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 12-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 32-45 parts of semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles, and 1-4 parts of a microbial agent; The preparation method of the semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles is: The biomass is subjected to semi-carbonization treatment to obtain semi-carbonized biomass; Chitosan grafted with citric acid was reacted with hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution to prepare citric acid chitosan hydrogel; Citric acid chitosan hydrogel is modified by using semi-carbonized biomass to obtain semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of semi-carbonized biomass is as follows: take 22-30 parts of waste mushroom residue and 18-24 parts of cyanobacteria, and under anaerobic conditions, put the waste mushroom residue and cyanobacteria into a carbonization furnace for pyrolysis at 200-220°C to form semi-carbonized products, and the pyrolysis rate is controlled at 4-6°C / min; the semi-carbonized products are subjected to 220-340W microwave radiation treatment for 10-15 minutes, and then bonded with 40-60 parts of loofah sponge particles that have been soaked in 15-20% sodium hydroxide solution for 1-2 hours through 20-40 parts of an adhesive, and granulated and dried to obtain semi-carbonized biomass.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle size of the semi-carbonized biomass is 1 to 2 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the adhesive is starch glue.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of citric acid chitosan hydrogel is as follows: chitosan is added to 1% acetic acid solution to prepare a 1~3% (w / v) chitosan solution; citric acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.2~0.5% (w / v) citric acid solution; hydroxyethyl cellulose is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.05~0.1% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; the citric acid solution is slowly added to the chitosan solution while stirring, and then the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution is added. After the addition is complete, mixing is carried out at room temperature for 10~15 minutes to obtain citric acid chitosan hydrogel.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan is 1:3~5, and the mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose is 3~5:0.5~1.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of using semi-carbonized biomass to modify citric acid chitosan hydrogel are as follows: mixing semi-carbonized biomass and citric acid chitosan hydrogel in a mass ratio of 1:3~5, freezing at -20~-10℃ for 3~5h, and then crushing into particles of 100~200μm.

[0014] Furthermore, the method comprises the following steps: taking 48-69 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 12-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 32-45 parts of semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles, and 1-4 parts of microbial agent, and mixing them evenly to obtain the product.

[0015] In order to better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity prepared according to the preparation method.

[0016] In order to better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a use of the saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity in saline-alkali soil conditioning.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention combines biological improvers and chemical improvers, and by adding semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles, it is beneficial to improve water retention capacity. At the same time, the prepared saline-alkali soil conditioner has the advantages of strong water retention capacity, fast improvement speed, moderate dosage, safety and environmental protection. It is suitable for use in moderately saline-alkali soil. When used in coastal moderate saline-alkali lands such as Shandong and Tianjin, corn yields are significantly increased. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: A method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, comprising the following steps: preparing semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles: taking 22 parts of waste mushroom residue and 18 parts of cyanobacteria, placing the waste mushroom residue and cyanobacteria in a carbonization furnace under anaerobic conditions and pyrolyzing them at 200°C to form semi-carbonized products, with the pyrolysis rate controlled at 4°C / min; subjecting the semi-carbonized products to 220W microwave radiation treatment for 10 minutes, and then bonding them with 40 parts of loofah particles that had been previously soaked in 15% sodium hydroxide solution for 1 hour through 20 parts of an adhesive (starch glue), granulating, and drying to obtain semi-carbonized biomass with a particle size of 1 cm; adding chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution; A 1% (w / v) chitosan solution was prepared in water; a 0.2% (w / v) citric acid solution was prepared by dissolving citric acid in deionized water; and a 0.05% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution was prepared by dissolving hydroxyethyl cellulose in deionized water. The citric acid solution was slowly added to the chitosan solution (mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan was 1:3) with stirring. The hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution was then added (mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose was 3:0.5) and mixed at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a citric acid-chitosan hydrogel. The pores within the citric acid-chitosan hydrogel can absorb and accommodate water molecules, thereby ensuring water storage capacity. The semi-carbonized biomass and citric acid-chitosan hydrogel were mixed in a 1:3 mass ratio, frozen at -20°C for 3 hours, and then crushed into 100 μm particles. Take 48 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of fulvic acid, 12 parts of phosphogypsum, 32 parts of semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles, and 1 part of microbial agent, mix them evenly, and you can get it.

[0020] Example 2: A method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, comprising the following steps: preparing semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles: taking 30 parts of waste mushroom residue and 24 parts of cyanobacteria, placing the waste mushroom residue and cyanobacteria in a carbonization furnace under anaerobic conditions and pyrolyzing them at 220°C to form semi-carbonized products, with the pyrolysis rate controlled at 6°C / min; subjecting the semi-carbonized products to 340W microwave radiation for 15 minutes, and then bonding them with 60 parts of loofah particles that had been previously soaked in a 20% sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours through 40 parts of an adhesive (starch glue), granulating, and drying to obtain semi-carbonized biomass with a particle size of 2 cm; adding chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution to prepare 3% (w / v) ) chitosan solution; dissolve citric acid in deionized water to prepare a 0.5% (w / v) citric acid solution; dissolve hydroxyethyl cellulose in deionized water to prepare a 0.1% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; slowly add the citric acid solution to the chitosan solution (mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan 1:5) while stirring, then add the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution (mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose 5:1) and mix at room temperature for 15 minutes to obtain a citric acid chitosan hydrogel; then mix the semi-carbonized biomass and the citric acid chitosan hydrogel in a mass ratio of 1:5, freeze at -10°C for 5 hours, and then crush into 200 μm particles. Humic acid (69 parts), fulvic acid (8 parts), phosphogypsum (15 parts), semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles (45 parts), and microbial inoculant (4 parts) were mixed uniformly to obtain the hydrogel.

[0021] Example 3: A method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, comprising the following steps: preparing semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles: taking 28 parts of waste fungus residue and 22 parts of cyanobacteria, placing the waste fungus residue and cyanobacteria in a carbonization furnace under anaerobic conditions and pyrolyzing them at 210°C to form semi-carbonized products, with the pyrolysis rate controlled at 5°C / min; subjecting the semi-carbonized products to 280W microwave radiation treatment for 12 minutes, and then bonding them with 50 parts of loofah particles that had been previously soaked in 18% sodium hydroxide solution for 1.3 hours through 30 parts of an adhesive (starch glue), granulating, and drying to obtain semi-carbonized biomass with a particle size of 1.5 cm; adding chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution to prepare 2% (w / w) v) chitosan solution; dissolve citric acid in deionized water to prepare a 0.4% (w / v) citric acid solution; dissolve hydroxyethyl cellulose in deionized water to prepare a 0.08% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; slowly add the citric acid solution to the chitosan solution (mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan 1:4) with stirring, then add the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution (mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose 4:0.7) and mix at room temperature for 12 minutes to obtain a citric acid-chitosan hydrogel; then mix the semi-carbonized biomass and the citric acid-chitosan hydrogel in a 1:4 mass ratio, freeze at -15°C for 4 hours, and then crush into 150 μm particles. Humic acid (58 parts), fulvic acid (7 parts), phosphogypsum (13 parts), semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles (35 parts), and a microbial agent (3 parts) were mixed uniformly to obtain the hydrogel.

[0022] Comparative Example 1: Different from Example 3, a method for preparing a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity comprises the following steps: preparing biomass-modified chitosan particles: taking 22 parts of waste fungus residue and 18 parts of cyanobacteria, mixing them evenly, subjecting the obtained mixture to 220W microwave radiation treatment for 10 minutes, and then bonding them with 40 parts of loofah particles that had been previously soaked in 15% sodium hydroxide solution for 1 hour through 20 parts of adhesive (starch glue), granulating, and drying to obtain biomass with a particle size of 1 cm; adding chitosan to 1% acetic acid solution to prepare a 1% (w / v) chitosan solution; dissolving citric acid in deionized water to prepare 0 0.2% (w / v) citric acid solution; dissolve hydroxyethyl cellulose in deionized water to prepare a 0.05% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; slowly add the citric acid solution to the chitosan solution (mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan 1:3) while stirring, then add the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution (mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose 3:0.5) and mix at room temperature for 10 minutes to obtain a citric acid-chitosan hydrogel; mix the biomass with the citric acid-chitosan hydrogel in a 1:3 mass ratio, freeze at -20°C for 3 hours, and then crush into 100 μm particles. 58 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of phosphogypsum, 35 parts of biomass-modified chitosan particles, and 3 parts of a microbial agent are mixed uniformly to obtain the product.

[0023] Comparative Example 2: Different from Example 3, the preparation method of a saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity comprises the following steps: preparing semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles: taking 28 parts of waste fungus residue and 22 parts of cyanobacteria, placing the waste fungus residue and cyanobacteria in a carbonization furnace under anaerobic conditions and pyrolyzing them at 210°C to form semi-carbonized products, with the pyrolysis rate controlled at 5°C / min; bonding the semi-carbonized products to 50 parts of loofah particles that had been previously soaked in 18% sodium hydroxide solution for 1.3 hours through 30 parts of an adhesive (starch glue), granulating, and drying to obtain semi-carbonized biomass with a particle size of 1.5 cm; adding chitosan to a 1% acetic acid solution to prepare 2% (w / v) chitosan; and Sugar solution; citric acid was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.4% (w / v) citric acid solution; hydroxyethyl cellulose was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.08% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; the citric acid solution was slowly added to the chitosan solution (mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan was 1:4) while stirring, followed by the addition of the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution (mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose was 4:0.7) and mixing at room temperature for 12 minutes to obtain a citric acid-chitosan hydrogel; semi-carbonized biomass and citric acid-chitosan hydrogel were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, frozen at -15°C for 4 hours, and then crushed into 150μm particles. 58 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of phosphogypsum, 35 parts of semi-carbonized biomass-modified chitosan particles, and 3 parts of a microbial agent were mixed uniformly to obtain the product.

[0024] Experimental Example 1: Application in a moderately saline-alkali soil in coastal Shandong, with a wheat-corn rotation. Initial soil physical and chemical properties: salt content 0.58%, pH 8.51, organic matter 4.21%, phosphorus 11.13 mg / kg, potassium 74.87 mg / kg.

[0025] The saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 (dosage 2.5 kg / m 2 ) were turned into the soil to a depth of 25 cm, and corn was planted 10 days after being turned into the soil. The physical and chemical properties of the treated soil were tested.

[0026] Corn is harvested when mature and the yield is calculated.

[0027] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1 Experimental Example 2: Applied in a moderately saline-alkali soil in Binhai, Tianjin, with a wheat-corn rotation. Initial soil properties: 0.47% salt content, pH 8.05, 3.64% organic matter, 8.58 mg / kg phosphorus, and 49.31 mg / kg potassium.

[0029] The saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 (dosage 3.5 kg / m 2 ) were turned into the soil to a depth of 25 cm, and corn was planted 10 days after being turned into the soil. The physical and chemical properties of the treated soil were tested.

[0030] Corn is harvested when mature and the yield is calculated.

[0031] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2 The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 48-69 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 12-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 32-45 parts of semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles, and 1-4 parts of microbial agent; The preparation method of the semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles is: The biomass is subjected to semi-carbonization treatment to obtain semi-carbonized biomass; Chitosan grafted with citric acid was reacted with hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution to prepare citric acid chitosan hydrogel; Citric acid chitosan hydrogel is modified by using semi-carbonized biomass to obtain semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles.

2. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of semi-carbonized biomass is as follows: 22-30 parts of waste mushroom residue and 18-24 parts of cyanobacteria are taken, and under anaerobic conditions, the waste mushroom residue and cyanobacteria are placed in a carbonization furnace for pyrolysis at 200-220°C to form semi-carbonized products, and the pyrolysis rate is controlled at 4-6°C / min; the semi-carbonized products are subjected to 220-340W microwave radiation treatment for 10-15 minutes, and then bonded with 40-60 parts of loofah sponge particles pre-soaked in 15-20% sodium hydroxide solution for 1-2 hours through 20-40 parts of an adhesive, and granulated and dried to obtain the semi-carbonized biomass.

3. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of semi-carbonized biomass is 1~2cm.

4. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adhesive is starch glue.

5. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of citric acid chitosan hydrogel is as follows: chitosan is added to 1% acetic acid solution to prepare a 1-3% (w / v) chitosan solution; citric acid is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.2-0.5% (w / v) citric acid solution; hydroxyethyl cellulose is dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 0.05-0.1% (w / v) hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution; the citric acid solution is slowly added to the chitosan solution while stirring, and then the hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution is added. After the addition is complete, mixing is carried out at room temperature for 10-15 minutes to obtain the citric acid chitosan hydrogel.

6. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of citric acid to chitosan is 1:3~5, and the mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyethyl cellulose is 3~5:0.5~1.

7. The saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of modifying citric acid chitosan hydrogel using semi-carbonized biomass are as follows: mixing semi-carbonized biomass and citric acid chitosan hydrogel in a mass ratio of 1:3~5, freezing at -20~-10℃ for 3~5h, and then crushing into particles of 100~200μm.

8. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Take 48-69 parts of humic acid, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 12-15 parts of phosphogypsum, 32-45 parts of semi-carbonized biomass modified chitosan particles, and 1-4 parts of microbial agent, mix well, and obtain the product.

9. A saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity prepared according to the preparation method of claim 8.

10. Use of the saline-alkali soil conditioner with water-retaining capacity according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 9 in saline-alkali soil conditioning.

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