Green, environment-friendly and energy-saving photovoltaic panel supporting method for building

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel supporting, and provides a green, environment-friendly and energy-saving photovoltaic panel supporting method for a building, which comprises the following steps of: 1, transversely paving a keel with a mounting hole and a limiting hole on a building roof; secondly, W-shaped supporting channel steel is connected to the keel in a lap joint mode, the lower portion of a plane plate of the W-shaped supporting channel steel is connected with a cylinder barrel and an installation barrel, and the installation barrel is inserted into the installation hole; step 3, embedding the photovoltaic panel into a mounting frame with a matching groove and a rubber strip; and fourthly, a negative pressure cavity in the cylinder barrel is vacuumized to-90 kPa to-70 kPa, and the first piston is driven to downwards press and fix the mounting frame. And through negative pressure driving, a rubber sleeve cylinder barrel structure and staggered occlusion rubber strips, the stability, the sealing performance and the shock resistance are improved, a rainwater collecting and self-cleaning system is integrated, and water resources are saved. Meanwhile, an intelligent illumination tracking module is arranged, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is optimized, the power generation efficiency is improved, leakage detection, secondary sealing and gas injection strengthening technologies are adopted, and the maintenance requirement is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel support, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel support method for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings. Background Art

[0002] In the development of green, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving buildings, photovoltaic panels, as a key component in achieving building energy self-sufficiency, play a key role in improving building energy efficiency and sustainability. With the advancement of building photovoltaic integration, higher requirements are being placed on the stability, seismic resistance, ease of cleaning and maintenance, and light energy capture efficiency of photovoltaic panel support systems. A support method that balances structural stability with energy conservation and environmental protection is urgently needed.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic panel support technologies have many shortcomings in practical applications. Traditional support methods mostly use fixed installation structures, which cannot adjust the inclination of the photovoltaic panels in real time according to the light intensity, resulting in low light energy utilization; in terms of seismic design, there is a lack of effective buffering mechanism. When an earthquake occurs, the horizontal vibration force is easily transmitted between the installation structures, causing the photovoltaic panels to loosen or even be damaged; at the same time, most existing support systems do not have integrated self-cleaning functions, and the surface of the photovoltaic panels is prone to dust accumulation or contamination by debris, affecting the power generation efficiency, and the cleaning process relies on manual operation, consuming a lot of water resources and labor costs. In addition, some support structures use a punching installation method, which will damage the building roof waterproofing layer, increase the risk of leakage, and do not meet the non-destructive installation requirements of green buildings. These problems have seriously restricted the efficient application of photovoltaic panels in green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a photovoltaic panel support method that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving photovoltaic panel support method for buildings, which solves the problems of existing photovoltaic panel supports such as non-adjustable inclination, poor seismic resistance, water consumption during cleaning and damage to the roof.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Lay the keel with installation holes and limit holes horizontally on the building roof;

[0007] Step 2: Overlap the W-shaped support channel steel on the keel, connect the lower part of the flat plate to the cylinder and the mounting tube, and insert the mounting tube into the mounting hole;

[0008] Step 3: Embed the photovoltaic panel into the installation frame with matching grooves and rubber strips;

[0009] Step 4: Evacuate the negative pressure chamber in the cylinder to -90 to -70 kPa, drive the first piston to press down the fixed mounting frame, and at the same time, the second piston pushes the wedge block to make the limit block engage with the limit hole;

[0010] Step 5: Monitor the light intensity through the light sensor and control the motor to adjust the photovoltaic panel inclination angle θ through the gear set:

[0011]

[0012] Among them I max is the local maximum light intensity, I real is the real-time light intensity;

[0013] Step 6: The water storage box collects rainwater and pumps it to the sprinkler head to clean the photovoltaic panels. The spray frequency is T is the ambient temperature.

[0014] Preferably, in step four: the pressure difference between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber is ≥150 kPa, and the gas in the positive pressure chamber pushes the inclined sheet to extrude the rubber strip through the multi-stage air channel (54 / 511 / 641), so that its deformation rate δ is ≥15%.

[0015] Preferably, the cylinder is connected by a first barrel and a second barrel via a thin waist rubber sleeve, and the axial deformation ΔL of the rubber sleeve during an earthquake satisfies:

[0016]

[0017] Where a is the earthquake acceleration, g is the gravity acceleration, L0 is the original length of the rubber sleeve, and k=0.8~1.2 is the damping coefficient.

[0018] Preferably, the convex strips of the rubber strips between adjacent installation frames are staggered and engaged, the density of the deformation holes is 20 to 30 per centimeter, and the horizontal vibration force transmission efficiency is ≤5%.

[0019] Preferably, in step five: the light sensor data of the angle adjustment unit is processed by the control device, the motor response time is adjusted to be less than 3s, and the tilt angle control accuracy is ±0.5°.

[0020] Preferably, the water spray head is provided with a conical water spray nozzle, the spray angle α=30°-45°, the water pressure is 0.20-0.5MPa, and the single water consumption is ≤0.1L / m 2 .

[0021] Preferably, the step four includes leakage detection: placing side leakage paper strips on the pressure plate and the flat panel, locating the leakage point after flushing for 30 minutes, applying sealant and then performing secondary pressure sealing.

[0022] Preferably, including:

[0023] Negative pressure fixing unit: including cylinder, linked double pistons and exhaust pipe;

[0024] Angle adjustment unit: includes light sensor, adjustment motor and transmission shaft;

[0025] Rainwater collection unit: including water storage box, pump and sprinkler head;

[0026] Control unit: coordinates negative pressure maintenance and light angle adjustment.

[0027] Preferably, a sleeve is provided outside the cylinder, and the positive pressure chamber injects air into the sleeve through the vent hole, so that the radial shrinkage rate of the rubber sleeve reaches 8% to 12%.

[0028] Preferably, an adjustable pad is provided on the inner side of the installation channel steel, and the thickness tolerance is ≤0.1mm, so as to ensure that the flatness error of the roof installation is <2mm / m.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention utilizes a negative-pressure-driven dual-piston linkage mechanism and a cylinder structure with a narrow rubber sleeve. High-precision vacuuming achieves stable downward pressure on the mounting frame and locking of the limit block. The cylinder's positive-pressure chamber simultaneously compresses the rubber strips through multi-stage airways. Combined with the staggered engagement of adjacent mounting frames with high-density deformable hole rubber strips, this significantly enhances the overall structural stability, sealing, and seismic resistance. Adjustable roof pads are also introduced to ensure precise installation planes. Furthermore, an integrated rainwater collection and self-cleaning system utilizes collected rainwater for cleaning, intelligently adjusting the cleaning frequency based on ambient temperature. This effectively conserves water resources and embodies a green and environmentally friendly philosophy.

[0031] 2. This invention utilizes a highly sensitive intelligent light tracking module to dynamically optimize the photovoltaic panel's tilt angle in real time based on the real-time / maximum light intensity ratio and a fast-response adjustment motor, maximizing light energy capture. Furthermore, the design incorporates rigorous leak detection, a secondary sealing mechanism, and sleeve gas injection reinforcement technology, significantly reducing maintenance requirements and extending service life. This overall solution not only improves power generation efficiency but also enables non-destructive installation without drilling holes into the building's roof structure, ensuring building integrity and delivering significant energy-saving and environmental benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a system diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example:

[0036] Please see the attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Lay the keel with installation holes and limit holes horizontally on the building roof;

[0038] Specifically, Q235B hot-dip galvanized keels are laid horizontally on the roof. The keels have a specification of 60mm×40mm×3mm and a spacing of 800mm. 12mm diameter mounting holes and 10mm diameter limit holes are prefabricated on the keels, and the hole spacing error is ≤1mm.

[0039] Please see the attached Figure 1 Step 2: overlap the W-shaped support channel steel on the keel, connect the lower part of the flat plate to the cylinder and the mounting tube, and insert the mounting tube into the mounting hole;

[0040] Specifically, overlap the W-shaped supporting channel steel (material Q355B) on the keel, weld the cylinder (the first cylinder diameter is 80mm, the second cylinder diameter is 60mm) and the 10mm diameter mounting cylinder to the lower part of the channel steel flat plate, insert the mounting cylinder into the keel mounting hole and preliminarily fix it with M10 bolts.

[0041] Please see the attached Figure 1 Step 3: embed the photovoltaic panel into the installation frame with matching grooves and rubber strips, the convex strips of the rubber strips between adjacent installation frames are staggered and interlocked, and the density of the deformation holes is 20 to 30 per centimeter, and the horizontal vibration force transmission efficiency is ≤5%;

[0042] Specifically, 20 2m x 1m photovoltaic panels (with a conversion efficiency of 22%) were embedded in an aluminum alloy mounting frame. The mounting frame had a 20mm deep groove, and EPDM rubber strips were glued into the grooves. The rubber strips between adjacent mounting frames were offset by 5mm to form a puncture pattern, with a density of 25 deformation holes per centimeter.

[0043] Please see the attached Figure 1, step 4, evacuate the negative pressure chamber in the cylinder to -90 ~ -70kPa, drive the first piston to press down the fixed mounting frame, and at the same time, the second piston pushes the wedge block to make the limit block snap into the limit hole. In step 4: the pressure difference between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber is ≥150kPa, and the gas in the positive pressure chamber pushes the inclined piece to extrude the rubber strip through the multi-stage air channel (54 / 511 / 641), so that its deformation rate δ is ≥15%. The cylinder is connected by the first barrel and the second barrel through a thin waist rubber sleeve. The axial deformation of the rubber sleeve during an earthquake ΔL satisfies:

[0044]

[0045] Wherein a is the earthquake acceleration, g is the gravity acceleration, L0 is the original length of the rubber sleeve, and k=0.8-1.2 is the damping coefficient. The fourth step includes leakage detection: placing a side leakage paper strip on the pressure plate and the flat panel, flushing for 30 minutes and then locating the leakage point, applying sealant and then pressurizing and sealing again;

[0046] Specifically, a rotary vane vacuum pump is used to evacuate the negative pressure chamber of the cylinder to -80kPa, at which point the pressure difference between the negative and positive pressure chambers is 160kPa (the initial pressure of the positive pressure chamber is 100kPa). The first piston (70mm diameter) presses down 15mm to fix the mounting frame, while the second piston (50mm diameter) pushes the wedge block, causing the limit block (10mm×10mm×20mm) to snap into the keel limit hole. The positive pressure chamber gas pushes the tilting piece through three airways (with diameters of 8mm, 5mm, and 3mm, respectively), causing the rubber strip to deform by 18%. The first and second cylinder bodies are connected by a waisted rubber sleeve (original length 50mm, k=1.0). When simulating a magnitude 7 earthquake (a=0.15g), the axial deformation of the rubber sleeve is ΔL=1.0×(0.15g / g)×50=7.5mm, which meets the design requirements. A side leakage paper strip is placed between the pressure plate and the flat plate, and water is flushed at a water pressure of 0.3MPa for 30 minutes. After locating two leakage points, silicone sealant is applied and the seal is completed by pressurizing to -85kPa for the second time.

[0047] Please see the attached Figure 1 Step 5: Monitor the light intensity through the light sensor and control the motor to adjust the photovoltaic panel tilt angle θ through the gear set:

[0048]

[0049] Among them I max is the local maximum light intensity, I real For real-time light intensity, in step 5: the light sensor data of the angle adjustment unit is processed by the control device, the adjustment motor response time is less than 3s, and the tilt angle control accuracy is ±0.5°;

[0050] Specifically, the line sensor (accuracy ±2%) collects the light intensity in real time. Calculate the inclination angle when:

[0051] θ = arcsin[(600 / 800) × 45°] = arcsin(0.75 × 45°) = arcsin33.75°≈34.2°. The regulating motor (power 200 W) starts 2.5 seconds after receiving the signal and adjusts the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel through the gear set (transmission ratio 1:5). The measured control accuracy is ±0.3°.

[0052] Please see the attached Figure 1 Step 6: The water storage box collects rainwater and pumps it to the sprinkler head to clean the photovoltaic panels. The spray frequency is T is the ambient temperature. The water spray head is provided with a conical water spray nozzle, the spray angle α = 30 ° - 45 °, the water pressure is 0.20-0.5 MPa, and the single water consumption is ≤ 0.1 L / m 2 ;

[0053] Specifically, the water storage box (volume 500L) collects rainwater, which is filtered by the filter and then transported to the sprinkler head by a centrifugal pump (lift 15m). When the ambient temperature T = 25℃, the spray frequency is The conical water nozzle has a spray angle of 40°, a water pressure of 0.3MPa, and a single water consumption of 0.1L / ㎡. The single water consumption for a 200㎡ photovoltaic panel is 20L.

[0054] Please see the attached Figure 2 , a green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving photovoltaic panel support system for buildings, comprising:

[0055] Negative pressure fixing unit: includes a cylinder, a linked double piston and an exhaust pipe. A sleeve is provided outside the cylinder. The positive pressure chamber injects air into the sleeve through the vent hole, causing the radial shrinkage rate of the rubber sleeve to reach 8% to 12%. An adjustable pad is provided on the inside of the installation channel steel with a thickness tolerance of ≤0.1mm to ensure that the flatness error of the roof installation is less than 2mm / m.

[0056] Angle adjustment unit: includes light sensor, adjustment motor and transmission shaft;

[0057] Rainwater collection unit: including water storage box, pump and sprinkler head;

[0058] Control unit: coordinates negative pressure maintenance and light angle adjustment.

[0059] Specifically, a stainless steel sleeve is installed outside the cylinder, the positive pressure chamber injects air into the sleeve at a pressure of 0.2MPa, and the radial shrinkage rate of the rubber sleeve is 10%; an adjustable pad (thickness 5±0.1mm) is set on the inside of the installation channel steel, and the flatness error of the roof installation is measured to be 1.8mm / m; the light sensor model is TSL2591, with a response time of 1s, an adjustable motor speed of 1500r / min, a transmission shaft diameter of 20mm, and a material of 45# steel; the water storage box measures 2m×1.5m×0.2m and is made of 304 stainless steel. The distance between the sprinkler heads is 1.5m and they are evenly distributed above the photovoltaic panels; a PLC controller (Siemens S7-200SMART) is used, with integrated negative pressure maintenance (true pressure detection once every hour) air density, supplementary pumping is started when it is lower than -70kPa) and the illumination angle adjustment logic; in the static load test, the displacement of the photovoltaic panel when it is subjected to a wind pressure of 1.5kN / ㎡ is less than 1mm; in the vibration table test simulating a 7-degree earthquake, the maximum amplitude of the photovoltaic panel is 3mm, and there is no structural damage. Compared with the fixed-angle installation, this method increases the average daily power generation by 12.3%, the annual power generation reaches 68,000 kWh, and the annual rainwater collection volume is about 120 tons, which can save 90 tons of municipal water for photovoltaic panel cleaning; the punch-free installation avoids damage to the roof waterproof layer and reduces 0.5 tons of construction waste. After 12 months of operation, the negative pressure system vacuum decay rate is less than 5%, the rubber strip has no obvious aging, and the adjustment motor response time is maintained within 2.8s.

[0060] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Lay the keel with installation holes and limit holes horizontally on the building roof; Step 2: Overlap the W-shaped support channel steel on the keel, connect the lower part of the flat plate to the cylinder and the mounting tube, and insert the mounting tube into the mounting hole; Step 3: Embed the photovoltaic panel into the installation frame with matching grooves and rubber strips; Step 4: Evacuate the negative pressure chamber in the cylinder to -90 to -70 kPa, drive the first piston to press down the fixed mounting frame, and at the same time, the second piston pushes the wedge block to make the limit block engage with the limit hole; Step 5: Monitor the light intensity through the light sensor and control the motor to adjust the photovoltaic panel inclination angle θ through the gear set: Among them I max is the local maximum light intensity, I real is the real-time light intensity; Step 6: The water storage box collects rainwater and pumps it to the sprinkler head to clean the photovoltaic panels. The spray frequency is times / day, T is the ambient temperature.

2. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4: the pressure difference between the negative pressure chamber and the positive pressure chamber is ≥150 kPa, and the gas in the positive pressure chamber pushes the inclined sheet to extrude the rubber strip through the multi-stage air channel (54 / 511 / 641), so that its deformation rate δ is ≥15%.

3. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder is connected by a first barrel and a second barrel through a thin waist rubber sleeve. The axial deformation of the rubber sleeve during an earthquake satisfies the following equation: Where a is the earthquake acceleration, g is the gravity acceleration, L0 is the original length of the rubber sleeve, and k=0.8~1.2 is the damping coefficient.

4. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convex strips of the rubber strips between adjacent installation frames are staggered and engaged, and the density of the deformation holes is 20 to 30 per centimeter. The horizontal vibration force transmission efficiency is ≤5%.

5. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the light sensor data of the angle adjustment unit is processed by the control device, the adjustment motor response time is less than 3s, and the tilt angle control accuracy is ±0.5°.

6. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray head is provided with a conical water spray nozzle, the spray angle α=30°-45°, the water pressure is 0.20-0.5MPa, and the single water consumption is ≤0.1L / m 2 .

7. A method for supporting photovoltaic panels for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth step includes leakage detection: placing side leakage paper strips on the pressure plate and the flat panel, locating the leakage point after flushing for 30 minutes, applying sealant and then performing secondary pressure sealing.

8. A photovoltaic panel support system for a green, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving building, using a photovoltaic panel support method for a green, environmentally friendly, and energy-saving building as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Negative pressure fixing unit: including cylinder, linked double pistons and exhaust pipe; Angle adjustment unit: includes light sensor, adjustment motor and transmission shaft; Rainwater collection unit: including water storage box, pump and sprinkler head; Control unit: coordinates negative pressure maintenance and light angle adjustment.

9. A photovoltaic panel support system for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sleeve is arranged outside the cylinder, and air is injected into the sleeve through the vent hole in the positive pressure cavity, so that the radial shrinkage rate of the rubber sleeve reaches 8% to 12%.

10. A photovoltaic panel support system for green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving buildings according to claim 9, characterized in that: An adjustable pad is provided on the inner side of the installation channel steel, and the thickness tolerance is ≤0.1mm, ensuring that the flatness error of the roof installation is less than 2mm / m.

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