Intelligent anchor rod of pre-embedded self-power-generation wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent anchor rod of a pre-embedded self-power-generation wireless multi-parameter sensor for a mine tunnel. The intelligent anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body made of basalt fiber reinforced composite materials or steel-continuous fiber composite bars. The multi-parameter sensing module is embedded in the anchor rod body and integrates an anchor rod stress sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a three-axis vibration sensor; the piezoelectric-airflow coupling self-power-generation unit generates power by synchronously capturing vibration energy and ventilation airflow kinetic energy of the mine tunnel vehicle, and is connected with the super-capacitor energy storage module; according to the ultra-low power consumption wireless communication module based on S-FSK modulation, a TPU protocol is operated in the frequency band of 433 MHz / 470 MHz-510 MHz, ad hoc network communication larger than or equal to 2 km in a mine tunnel is achieved, and standby power consumption is smaller than 2 microamperes; and the edge calculation unit is internally provided with a variable tensor neural network model, carries out real-time fusion analysis on the multi-parameter data and outputs a structure health risk level. According to the technical scheme, the problems that wiring is complex, energy supply is difficult and multi-parameter cooperation is difficult in mine tunnel monitoring in a traditional monitoring technology can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mine tunnel support and structural health monitoring, and in particular relates to a smart anchor rod with a pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels. Background Art

[0002] The unique geographical environment and complex construction conditions of mine tunnels present numerous safety hazards during long-term operation, including structural damage such as lining cracks, water seepage, and soil displacement, all of which can endanger the safe operation and service life of the mine tunnels. Traditional mine tunnel monitoring methods, such as manual inspections and regular testing, are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also lack real-time, continuous monitoring capabilities, making it difficult to detect and warn of potential structural risks in a timely manner.

[0003] By embedding sensor chips in anchor bolts, they imbue them with life, becoming smart anchor bolts. Data from the smart anchor bolt chip is collected and wirelessly transmitted to an intelligent monitoring platform. Alert values ​​are set, providing immediate warnings and intelligent safety protection. During long-term service, mine tunnels face safety hazards such as lining cracks, rock and soil displacement, and groundwater infiltration. Traditional monitoring methods (such as vibrating string sensors) have the following drawbacks:

[0004] Complex wiring: The mine tunnels are densely populated with cables, making wired deployment difficult;

[0005] High maintenance cost: batteries need to be replaced regularly and data needs to be collected manually;

[0006] Low survival rate: The sensor has poor compatibility with concrete and has a high failure rate after burial;

[0007] Single parameter: It is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the structural health status.

[0008] Currently, the application of passive wireless sensors in mine tunnels is still in its infancy, primarily limited by three technical bottlenecks: energy supply stability, communication reliability in strong electromagnetic interference environments, and multi-parameter fusion accuracy. Therefore, the development of a smart anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generated wireless multi-parameter sensors for mine tunnels has become a pressing technical challenge to address the complex wiring, energy supply difficulties, and multi-parameter coordination challenges inherent in traditional mine tunnel monitoring technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention provides a smart anchor rod with a pre-buried self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels, which can solve the problems of complex wiring, difficult energy supply, and difficult multi-parameter coordination in mine tunnel monitoring using traditional monitoring technologies.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, a smart anchor bolt with a pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for use in a mine tunnel is provided. The smart anchor bolt comprises:

[0011] An anchor body 1 made of basalt fiber reinforced composite material (BFRP) or steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB);

[0012] The multi-parameter sensing module 2 embedded in the anchor body integrates the anchor stress sensor, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and triaxial vibration sensor;

[0013] The piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit 3 generates electricity by synchronously capturing the vibration energy of the mine vehicle and the kinetic energy of the ventilation airflow, and is connected to the supercapacitor energy storage module;

[0014] Ultra-low power wireless communication module 4 based on S-FSK modulation, running TPUNB protocol in the 433MHz / 470MHz-510MHz frequency band, enables ad hoc network communication within the mine tunnel ≥2km, with standby power consumption <2μA;

[0015] Edge computing unit 5, with a built-in variable tensor neural network model, performs real-time fusion analysis of multi-parameter data and outputs the structural health risk level.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB) includes a steel core 1.1 and a spirally wound basalt fiber composite material layer 1.2, the fiber layer thickness is 15%-20% of the steel diameter, and is locally thickened to 25%-30% in the stress sensor embedded area 1.3.

[0017] Furthermore, the soil pressure sensor is arranged in a groove on the soil-facing surface of the anchor rod, the groove depth is 90%-95% of the sensor thickness, and the groove wall is coated with an epoxy resin sealing layer; the pore water pressure sensor is arranged in the conical seepage cavity at the bottom of the anchor rod, and the cavity is connected to the external rock and soil through a microporous filter membrane.

[0018] Furthermore, the piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit 3 includes:

[0019] Cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 3.1, the resonant frequency matches the characteristic vibration frequency band of heavy vehicles in mining tunnels (10Hz-50Hz);

[0020] The miniature Savonius wind turbine 3.2, with an impeller diameter of ≤20 mm and a starting wind speed of ≤0.5 m / s, responds to the mine tunnel ventilation airflow.

[0021] Furthermore, the TPUNB protocol adopts a time-sharing frequency hopping mechanism, which automatically switches to the 230MHz proprietary frequency band when radio frequency interference is detected in the mine power cable, and triggers data retransmission redundancy check.

[0022] Furthermore, the edge computing unit 5 performs multi-parameter spatiotemporal correlation analysis:

[0023] When the vibration sensor detects an impact event and the stress change rate is greater than 5 MPa / s, high-frequency sampling of soil pressure and pore water pressure is activated;

[0024] The risk prediction model trained based on historical data outputs a geotechnical seepage warning when the pore water pressure mutation exceeds 20% / h.

[0025] Furthermore, a metallized ceramic maintenance interface 6 is provided on the surface of the anchor rod, which supports magnetic wireless charging and near-field communication (NFC) diagnosis, and a basalt fiber-reinforced epoxy protective layer is wrapped around the interface.

[0026] Furthermore, the anchor rod as a whole adopts a battery-free design, and the self-generating unit supports continuous operation under working conditions of -40°C to 85°C, with a service life of ≥50 years.

[0027] The beneficial effects brought about by the present invention are as follows:

[0028] As can be seen from the above scheme, an embodiment of the present invention provides a smart anchor with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensors for mine tunnels, including: an anchor body made of basalt fiber reinforced composite material (BFRP) or steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB); a multi-parameter sensing module embedded in the anchor body, integrating an anchor stress sensor, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor, and triaxial vibration sensor; a piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit that generates electricity by synchronously capturing the vibration energy of mine vehicles and the kinetic energy of ventilation airflow, and is connected to a supercapacitor energy storage module; an ultra-low power wireless communication module based on S-FSK modulation, running the TPUNB protocol in the 433MHz / 470MHz-510MHz frequency band, achieving self-organizing network communication within the mine tunnel of ≥2km, with standby power consumption of less than 2μA; and an edge computing unit with a built-in variable tensor neural network model that performs real-time fusion analysis of multi-parameter data and outputs a structural health risk level. The technical solution of the present invention can solve the problems of complex wiring, difficult power supply, and difficult multi-parameter coordination in mine tunnel monitoring with traditional monitoring technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smart anchor bolt with a pre-buried self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure, 1 is the anchor body, 2 is the multi-sensor module, 3 is the piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit, 4 is the ultra-low power wireless communication module, 5 is the edge computing unit, and 6 is the metallized ceramic maintenance interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent anchor structure of a pre-buried self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 A smart anchor bolt with a pre-embedded self-generated wireless multi-parameter sensor for use in mine tunnels includes:

[0034] An anchor body 1 made of basalt fiber reinforced composite material (BFRP) or steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB);

[0035] The multi-parameter sensing module 2 embedded in the anchor body integrates the anchor stress sensor, soil pressure sensor, pore water pressure sensor and triaxial vibration sensor;

[0036] The piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit 3 generates electricity by synchronously capturing the vibration energy of the mine vehicle and the kinetic energy of the ventilation airflow, and is connected to the supercapacitor energy storage module;

[0037] Ultra-low power wireless communication module 4 based on S-FSK modulation, running TPUNB protocol in the 433MHz / 470MHz-510MHz frequency band, enables ad hoc network communication within the mine tunnel ≥2km, with standby power consumption <2μA;

[0038] Edge computing unit 5, with a built-in variable tensor neural network model, performs real-time fusion analysis of multi-parameter data and outputs the structural health risk level.

[0039] In this embodiment of the present invention, by analyzing and studying the characteristics of microwave transmission paths and microwave backgrounds within mine tunnels, and comprehensively analyzing existing basic technologies for ad hoc wireless communication, a wireless communication algorithm for mine tunnel sensors is designed to address the following issues: long-distance wireless communication within mine tunnels; stable communication algorithms in fluctuating radio frequency environments; and, while ensuring these two goals, the implementation of ultra-low power consumption technology. The distribution trends of parameters such as stress within the anchor structure, concrete stress, earth pressure on the facing surface, pore water pressure, and vibration within the mine tunnel are analyzed and studied, as well as the characteristics and interrelationships of these parameters under different loads and working conditions. A suitable multi-parameter fusion algorithm is designed to fuse and analyze multiple physical parameters. A deep neural network algorithm is then used to diagnose and analyze the structural health of the mine tunnel.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, the steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB) includes a steel core 1.1 and a spirally wound basalt fiber composite material layer 1.2. The fiber layer thickness is 15%-20% of the steel bar diameter, and is locally thickened to 25%-30% in the stress sensor embedded area 1.3.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal bars of the double-layer basalt fiber composite reinforcement net should be installed on the top of the upper layer and the bottom of the lower layer respectively. There should be no less than 4 bars / m between the upper and lower layers of the double-layer basalt fiber composite reinforcement net. 2 ~6 pieces / m 2 Welded brackets or circular binding stirrups. The bottom of the double-layer basalt fiber composite reinforcement mesh can be supported by welding basalt fiber composite reinforcement or 30mm thick concrete pads, with a number of not less than 4 / m 2 ~6 pieces / m 2 .

[0042] The double-layer basalt fiber composite reinforcement mesh should have a protective layer of at least 30mm from the bottom to the base surface, and a wear-resistant protective layer of at least 50mm from the top to the panel surface. The longitudinal and transverse reinforcements should be tied with stainless steel wire, ensuring that no ties are missed during tying. When laying the reinforcement, the longitudinal and transverse reinforcements should be straightened as much as possible. When tying, attention should be paid to whether the spacing meets the requirements. Spacing correction should be performed during tying to meet the requirements of the construction drawings. When longitudinal and transverse reinforcements need to be overlapped, attention should be paid to the overlap length. The overlap length of basalt fiber composite reinforcement should not be less than 35d. There should not be two binding joints on the same vertical section, and the binding joints of adjacent basalt fiber composite reinforcements should be staggered by at least 500mm.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, based on MEMS sensing technology, low-power wireless network technology and artificial intelligence algorithms, the embedded segment sensor module does not require external power supply and wiring. It can monitor the internal steel stress, soil pressure on the facing surface, seepage pressure and vibration parameters generated by illegal construction within 100 meters of the mine tunnel during component prefabrication, storage, transportation and construction operation in real time, providing real-time data support and safety assessment for segment construction and subsequent mine tunnel operations. The artificial intelligence algorithm also has the function of predicting data anomalies. By analyzing historical data and real-time monitoring data, it can predict possible abnormal situations. The sensor module is embedded in the interior of the shield segment. The embedding is completed during the casting process of the shield segment. The multi-parameter embedded sensor chip is connected to the steel cage.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, the soil pressure sensor is arranged in a groove on the soil-facing surface of the anchor rod, the groove depth is 90%-95% of the sensor thickness, and the groove wall is coated with an epoxy resin sealing layer; the pore water pressure sensor is arranged in the conical seepage cavity at the bottom of the anchor rod, and the cavity is connected to the external rock and soil through a microporous filter membrane.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, the piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit 3 includes:

[0046] Cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 3.1, the resonant frequency matches the characteristic vibration frequency band of heavy vehicles in mining tunnels (10Hz-50Hz);

[0047] The miniature Savonius wind turbine 3.2, with an impeller diameter of ≤20 mm and a starting wind speed of ≤0.5 m / s, responds to the mine tunnel ventilation airflow.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the resonant frequency of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 3.1 is 10-50 Hz, matching the vibration of the mining car; the impeller diameter of the micro Savonius wind turbine 3.2 is 20 mm, and the starting wind speed is ≤ 0.5 m / ss; the supercapacitor has a capacity of 10 F and a cycle life of > 1 million times.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, the TPUNB protocol adopts a time-sharing frequency hopping mechanism, automatically switches to a 230 MHz dedicated frequency band when radio frequency interference of mine power cables is detected, and triggers data retransmission redundancy check.

[0050] In another embodiment of the present invention, the edge computing unit 5 performs multi-parameter spatiotemporal correlation analysis:

[0051] When the vibration sensor detects an impact event and the stress change rate is greater than 5 MPa / s, high-frequency sampling of soil pressure and pore water pressure is activated;

[0052] The risk prediction model trained based on historical data outputs a geotechnical seepage warning when the pore water pressure mutation exceeds 20% / h.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the SFCB anchor is formed, a soil pressure sensor is embedded in a groove on the soil-facing side with a depth of 3 mm (sensor thickness of 3.2 mm) and sealed with epoxy resin. A pore water pressure sensor is placed in the bottom conical cavity, and a microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 5 μm is used to block mud and sand. A vibration sensor is axially arranged in the middle of the anchor, and a MEMS chip is used to detect three-axis acceleration.

[0054] In another embodiment of the present invention, a metallized ceramic maintenance interface 6 is provided on the surface of the anchor rod, which supports magnetic wireless charging and near-field communication (NFC) diagnosis, and a basalt fiber-reinforced epoxy protective layer is wrapped around the interface.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor module embedded in the anchor communicates data with the gateway set up inside the mine tunnel through 433MHz self-organizing network communication technology. The gateway uploads the data to the service through CAT1 communication after preliminary data selection and processing. The entire communication process adopts wireless communication, and does not require on-site wiring and power supply, which greatly improves the stability of the system and the convenience of installation and maintenance. Among them, the 433MHz self-organizing network of the sensor module adopts the fully autonomous and controllable TPUNB (Techphant Ultra-Narrow Band) technology, which adopts the world's first ultra-long-distance wireless transmission technology based on S-FSK modulation, and combines it with a customized communication networking protocol for applications. It supports 433MHz, 470~510MHz unlicensed frequency bands, as well as customizable proprietary frequency bands such as 230MHz and 800MHz. It has the characteristics of high security, strong interference resistance, multi-concurrency, low cost, and easy deployment.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, the anchor rod as a whole adopts a battery-free design, and the self-generating unit supports continuous operation under working conditions of -40°C to 85°C, with a service life of ≥50 years.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, a smart anchor bolt with a pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for use in a mine tunnel has the following characteristics:

[0058] Fully wireless and maintenance-free: self-generation + ultra-low power consumption design (standby <2μA), completely eliminating wiring and battery replacement;

[0059] Multi-parameter collaborative diagnosis: integrating stress, water pressure, and vibration data, improving accuracy by 40% (actual measurement compared with traditional sensors);

[0060] Strong environmental adaptability: Basalt composite materials are corrosion-resistant, and the communication module is resistant to radio frequency interference, making it suitable for complex working conditions in mine tunnels;

[0061] Long life: 50-year design life, covering the entire life cycle of the mine tunnel.

[0062] In another embodiment of the present invention, a smart anchor rod with a pre-buried self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels is provided, including: an anchor rod body made of basalt fiber reinforced composite material (BFRP) or steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB); a multi-parameter sensing module buried inside the anchor rod body, integrating an anchor rod stress sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor and a triaxial vibration sensor; a piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit, which generates electricity by synchronously capturing the vibration energy of mine tunnel vehicles and the kinetic energy of ventilation airflow, and is connected to a supercapacitor energy storage module; an ultra-low power wireless communication module based on S-FSK modulation, running the TPUNB protocol in the 433MHz / 470MHz-510MHz frequency band, realizing self-organizing network communication of ≥2km in the mine tunnel, and standby power consumption of <2μA; an edge computing unit, with a built-in variable tensor neural network model, which performs real-time fusion analysis of multi-parameter data and outputs the structural health risk level.

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention can solve the problems of complex wiring, difficult energy supply, and difficult multi-parameter coordination in mine tunnel monitoring using traditional monitoring technologies. There are many systems inside the mine tunnel, and the power supply and communication cables are complicated. For mine tunnel-related sensors, passive wireless sensing technology is the best choice. The mine tunnel contains power, signal, lighting, water supply and drainage, fire protection, ventilation and other systems. There are many types of cables and the number is huge. These cables are related to the core functions of the mine tunnel. In addition, these cables have large currents and complex radio frequency radiation. The number of sensors used for mine tunnel health monitoring is large, and the signals are relatively weak. Whether from the perspective of spatial layout or signal interference, using wired power supply is a very difficult task. In this environment, the use of mine tunnel self-generated wireless multi-parameter sensor technology that does not require power cables or signal cables is the best choice.

[0064] The safety of a mine tunnel's internal structure is influenced by the combined influence of multiple physical parameters. Multi-parameter fusion technology can effectively and comprehensively reflect the health of the mine tunnel. The strain of steel and concrete within the tunnel's internal structure directly reflects the tunnel's structural health. The earth pressure on the tunnel's facing surface directly reflects the external rock and soil loads acting on the tunnel. The pore water pressure on the facing surface directly reflects the state of the groundwater surrounding the tunnel, which in turn is related to risks such as melting of the tunnel's supporting rock and soil layers, hollowing, and subsidence. The vibration of the tunnel reflects the potential impact of surrounding construction activities on the tunnel's structure. These factors are interrelated, and integrating these parameters during the detection and analysis process can effectively and comprehensively reflect the tunnel's health.

[0065] Therefore, the mine tunnel self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor dedicated to mine tunnels is of great significance to the development of mine tunnel digitization and intelligence. The development of the product has good market promotion prospects and can further enhance our development and use of new technologies and new methods in the mine tunnel design and construction process.

[0066] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart anchor bolt with a pre-embedded self-generated wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnels, characterized in that: The smart anchor comprises: An anchor body (1) made of basalt fiber reinforced composite material (BFRP) or steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB); A multi-parameter sensing module (2) pre-buried inside the anchor body integrates an anchor stress sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a pore water pressure sensor, and a triaxial vibration sensor; A piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit (3) generates electricity by synchronously capturing the vibration energy of the mine vehicle and the kinetic energy of the ventilation airflow, and is connected to a supercapacitor energy storage module; An ultra-low power wireless communication module (4) based on S-FSK modulation runs the TPUNB protocol in the 433MHz / 470MHz-510MHz frequency band, enabling self-organizing network communication within a mine tunnel of ≥2km, with a standby power consumption of <2μA; The edge computing unit (5) has a built-in variable tensor neural network model, which performs real-time fusion analysis on multi-parameter data and outputs the structural health risk level.

2. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB) comprises a steel bar core (1.1) and a spirally wound basalt fiber composite material layer (1.2), wherein the fiber layer thickness is 15%-20% of the steel bar diameter and is locally thickened to 25%-30% in the stress sensor embedded area (1.3).

3. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil pressure sensor is arranged in a groove on the soil-facing surface of the anchor rod. The groove depth is 90%-95% of the sensor thickness, and the groove wall is coated with an epoxy resin sealing layer; the pore water pressure sensor is arranged in the conical seepage cavity at the bottom of the anchor rod, and the cavity is connected to the external rock and soil through a microporous filter membrane.

4. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric-airflow coupled self-generating unit (3) comprises: Cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator (3.1), the resonant frequency matches the characteristic vibration frequency band of heavy vehicles in mining tunnels (10Hz-50Hz); A miniature Savonius wind turbine (3.2) with an impeller diameter of ≤20 mm and a starting wind speed of ≤0.5 m / s responds to the mine tunnel ventilation airflow.

5. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TPUNB protocol uses a time-sharing frequency hopping mechanism, which automatically switches to the 230MHz proprietary frequency band when radio frequency interference is detected in the mine power cable, and triggers data retransmission redundancy check.

6. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge computing unit (5) performs multi-parameter spatiotemporal correlation analysis: When the vibration sensor detects an impact event and the stress change rate is greater than 5 MPa / s, high-frequency sampling of soil pressure and pore water pressure is activated; The risk prediction model trained based on historical data outputs a geotechnical seepage warning when the pore water pressure mutation exceeds 20% / h.

7. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metallized ceramic maintenance interface (6) is provided on the surface of the anchor rod, which supports magnetic wireless charging and near field communication (NFC) diagnosis, and a basalt fiber reinforced epoxy protective layer is wrapped around the interface.

8. The intelligent anchor bolt with pre-embedded self-generating wireless multi-parameter sensor for mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod adopts a battery-free design as a whole, and the self-generating unit supports continuous operation under working conditions of -40°C to 85°C, with a service life of ≥50 years.

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